JP5764346B2 - Pressurizing apparatus and pressurizing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pressurizing device and a pressurizing method, and more specifically, a pressurizing device suitable for pressurizing while pressurizing the inside of the pressurized device in stages, and the inside of the pressurized device in stages. The present invention relates to a pressurizing method for pressurizing while increasing pressure.

  In the water purification plant, using a method such as coagulation sedimentation, solids are removed from the taken raw water to produce drinking water and the like. At this time, the solid content in the raw water is discharged as sludge having a solid content concentration of about 0.1% by mass.

  Conventionally, this sludge having a solid content concentration of about 0.1% by mass is concentrated to about 1% by mass by natural sedimentation, etc., and then concentrated to a solid content concentration of 40% by mass or more using a filtration device and a dehydrator. However, the obtained high-concentration sludge was discarded or reused (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  Patent Document 1 describes a filtration and concentration device that performs filtration while discharging a filtrate by a siphon effect. Patent Document 2 describes a solid-liquid separation method in which slurry is pressurized and supplied to a filter press while repeating pressurization and decompression using a pump.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-57043 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-124212

  On the other hand, in the conventional sludge treatment method using two devices, a filtration device and a dehydration device, the filter cloth used in the filtration device has a large opening formed by monofilaments and is used in the dehydration device. The filter cloth had a small opening diameter formed by multifilaments.

  Thus, the types of filter cloth that can be used differ between the filtering device and the dehydrating device. If the filter cloth used in the filtration device is used in the dehydration device, the filter cloth is formed of monofilament. Therefore, in the dehydration device that performs dehydration at a high pressure, the solid content is removed when the dehydration is performed. The problem of passing through arises. Also, if the filter cloth used in the dehydrator is used in the filter apparatus, the filter cloth is formed of multifilaments, so the filter cloth is likely to be clogged during filtration, and further deposited on the filter cloth. There arises a problem that the concentrated sludge is difficult to peel off.

  As described above, since it is necessary to use different filter cloths between the filtration device and the dehydration device, it is necessary to always use two devices, the filtration device and the dehydration device, when the sludge is concentrated. .

  On the other hand, as a method of concentrating sludge with a single device, a layer of deposits (solid content of sludge) on the filter cloth surface formed by filtering sludge is used as a filter, and the pressure of pressure filtration is reduced. A method of proceeding with sludge filtration while raising it intermittently is conceivable. In this case, it is necessary to balance the step of forming the deposit layer and the step of using the deposit layer as a filter. For this reason, pressure control is required in which the filtration pressure is increased stepwise and the pressure is maintained. In this case, the pressure is only increased or kept constant, and the pressure is not reduced. In the case of performing such pressure control, for example, a pressure control device as shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram (flow diagram) showing a conventional pressure control device.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the conventional pressure control device 210 has a high-pressure gas supply means M2 and a pressurized device 310 connected by a pressurizing pipe T10, and a predetermined number of pipes arranged in parallel are “pressurizing pipe T10. Is connected to the pressurizing pipe T10 so as to bypass a part thereof. Then, control valves CV10, CV11, CV12, CV13, and CV14 having different applied pressures are arranged in the pipes arranged in parallel. When pressure control is performed, it is necessary to increase the pressure of the pressurized device in stages while opening and closing the control valves CV10, CV11, CV12, CV13, and CV14 in order. Note that the number of control valves was appropriately determined depending on the number of times of pressure increase. Thus, since the conventional pressurizing apparatus 210 needs to control a pressure by arranging a plurality of control valves, the space required for the pressurizing apparatus 210 is increased, and further, the pressurizing apparatus 210 is installed. The cost required was high.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and is suitable for pressurizing while increasing the pressure inside the pressurized device in stages (repeating the pressurization and the state in which the pressure is kept constant). It is an object of the present invention to provide a pressurizing apparatus and a pressurizing method that pressurizes the inside of the device to be pressurized while increasing the pressure stepwise.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides the following pressurizing apparatus and pressurizing method.

[1] Provided in the high pressure gas supply means, a pressurization pipe having one end connected to the high pressure gas supply means, a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure in the pressurized device, and the pressurization pipe and one control valve, a pressure device comprising a control device for opening and closing the control valve based on the pressure measured by said pressure gauge, which the controller can perform pressure adjustment to increase the stepwise pressure A pressure operation for opening the control valve and pressurizing the device under pressure from the high-pressure gas supply means through the pressure piping, and a pressure set by the pressure gauge in the pressurization operation in advance. A control valve closing operation for closing the control valve by the control device and closing the control valve for a preset time when the control device is measured is repeated a preset number of times. A pressurizing device for a solid-liquid separator that pressurizes while increasing the pressure of the device to be pressurized stepwise .

[2] In the state where the other end of the pressurizing pipe of the pressurizer for the solid-liquid separator according to [1] is connected to the device to be pressurized, the control valve is opened, and the high pressure gas supply means Pressurizing the device to be pressurized through the pressurizing pipe, and the control device closes the control valve in advance when the pressure gauge measures the pressure set in advance in the pressurizing operation. A pressurizing method of pressurizing a device to be pressurized by repeatedly performing a control valve closing operation for closing the control valve for a predetermined time by a preset number of times.

  According to the pressurizing apparatus of the present invention, the high-pressure gas supply means, the pressurization pipe having one end connected to the high-pressure gas supply means, the pressure gauge for measuring the pressure in the device to be pressurized, and the pressurization Since the control valve provided in the pipe and the control device for opening and closing the control valve based on the pressure measured by the pressure gauge are provided, the other end of the pressurization pipe of the pressurization apparatus of the present invention is covered. In the state of being connected to the pressurizing device, “the control valve is opened, the pressurizing device is pressurized from the high pressure gas supply means through the pressurizing pipe” and the “pressure gauge is preset in the pressurizing operation” When the measured pressure is measured, the control valve is closed by the control device and the control valve is closed for a preset time period. The control valve closing operation is repeated a preset number of times. Pressurize the pressurized device step by step. It is possible to pressure reluctant pressure. As a result, multiple pressure adjustments (pressure control) can be performed by one control valve (multiple pressure increase operations can be performed), so that the space required for the pressurizing device can be reduced, and further, The cost required for installing the pressure device can be reduced.

  According to the pressurizing method of the present invention, in a state where the other end of the pressurizing pipe of the pressurizing apparatus of the present invention is connected to the pressurized device, “the control valve is opened and the high pressure gas supply means is applied. Pressurizing operation to pressurize the device under pressure through the pressure piping, and “preset by closing the control valve with the control device when the pressure gauge measured in the pressurizing operation was preset. Pressure to increase the pressure step by step with one control valve in order to pressurize the device under pressure by repeating the control valve closing operation for a preset number of times. Adjustment (pressure control) is possible. Therefore, pressure adjustment can be performed at a low cost with a small space.

It is a mimetic diagram showing one embodiment of a pressurization device of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the solid-liquid separator which uses one Embodiment of the pressurization apparatus of this invention as a component. It is a schematic diagram which shows the conventional pressure control apparatus. It is a graph which shows an example of the relationship between time and pressure at the time of pressurizing the inside of a to-be-pressurized apparatus by one Embodiment of the pressurization method of this invention.

  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that design changes, improvements, and the like can be made as appropriate based on ordinary knowledge.

(1) Pressure device:
As shown in FIG. 1, one embodiment of the pressurizing apparatus of the present invention includes a high-pressure gas supply means M1, a pressurization pipe T1 having one end T1a connected to the high-pressure gas supply means M1, A pressure gauge PG that measures the pressure in the pressure device 300, a control valve CV1 provided in the pressurizing pipe T1, and a control device CD that opens and closes the control valve CV1 based on the pressure measured by the pressure gauge PG. Is. In addition, the to-be-pressurized apparatus 300 is not a component of the pressurizing apparatus of the present invention, but an object to be pressed that is pressurized by the pressurizing apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (flow diagram) showing an embodiment of a pressurizing device of the present invention. Further, in FIG. 1, “arrows” described along the pipes represent the direction of gas flow when performing a pressurizing operation.

  Thus, since the pressurization apparatus 100 of this embodiment is the above structures, the other edge part T1b of the pressurization piping T1 of the pressurization apparatus 100 of this embodiment is connected to the apparatus 300 to be pressurized. In such a state, a “pressing operation is performed by opening the control valve CV1 and pressurizing the pressurized device 300 from the high-pressure gas supply means M1 through the pressurizing pipe T1”, and “the pressure gauge PG is preset in the pressurizing operation. The control valve closing operation is set in advance by closing the control valve CV1 by the control device CD when the measured pressure is measured and closing the control valve CV1 for a preset time. It is possible to pressurize the pressurized device 300 by repeating the number of times. As a result, a plurality of stages of pressure adjustment (pressure control) can be performed by one control valve CV1, so that the space required for the pressurizing device 100 can be reduced, and further, the pressurizing device 100 is required to be installed. Cost can be lowered. In addition, the pressurization apparatus 100 of this embodiment performs only pressurization and does not depressurize. Therefore, the pressurization apparatus 100 of this embodiment performs pressure adjustment which raises a pressure in steps. Further, the pressure adjustment in a plurality of stages means pressure adjustment for increasing the pressure in stages.

  In the pressurizing apparatus 100 of this embodiment, the high-pressure gas supply means M1 can pressurize the inside of the pressurized device 300 by flowing a high-pressure gas through the pressurizing pipe T1. The high-pressure gas supply means M1 is not particularly limited, and examples include air, a cylinder such as “inert gas such as nitrogen”, an air compressor (compressor), and a cylinder equipped with a pressure regulator. it can. Here, the “high pressure gas” means a gas whose pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure. The pressure of the gas supplied from the high pressure gas supply means M1 is preferably higher than the pressure required for the pressurizing operation. Specifically, it is preferably 1.8 MPa or more, and preferably 3.0 MPa or more. Moreover, the upper limit of the pressure of the gas supplied from the high-pressure gas supply means M1 is not particularly limited, but is about 15 MPa.

  The thickness (inner diameter) of the pressurizing pipe T1 can be appropriately determined depending on the pressure applied to the device to be pressurized 300, the pressure increase width when the pressure is increased stepwise. In the case of stepwise boosting with a small boosting width, it is preferable to use a thin pipe. The inner diameter of the pressurizing pipe T1 is preferably about 5 to 15 mm, for example.

  In the pressurizing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the pressure gauge PG is disposed in the pressurizing pipe T1 and measures the pressure in the pressurizing pipe T1. The pressure gauge PG is preferably capable of measuring the pressure of the high-pressure gas supplied by the high-pressure gas supply means M1 (pressure of the high-pressure gas before pressure adjustment). Moreover, it is preferable that the pressure gauge PG can send the measured pressure to the control device CD as an electric signal. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the pressure gauge PG may be disposed in the pressurizing pipe T <b> 1 or may be directly disposed in the pressurized device 300. Further, when the pressure gauge PG is disposed in the pressurizing pipe T1, the pressure gauge PG is preferably disposed on the downstream side (on the pressurized device 300 side) from the control valve CV1.

  In the pressurizing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the control valve CV1 is preferably one that can set an arbitrary opening degree. That is, the control valve CV1 performs an opening / closing operation, but the “open” state may be “fully open” or may be any opening between “fully open” and “closed”. Good. Further, it is desirable that the opening can be changed gradually, and the opening change time is preferably 10 seconds or less. Further, the manual valve V1 may be provided on the upstream side of the control valve CV1, and the manual valve V2 may be provided on the downstream side of the control valve CV1.

  In the pressurizing device 100 of the present embodiment, the control device CD can open and close the control valve CV1 based on the pressure measured by the pressure gauge PG. The control device CD can open and close the control valve CV1. It is preferable that the control device CD can set in advance a plurality of different pressures and a time for maintaining each of the pressures. Then, the control device CD compares the pressure measured by the pressure gauge PG with a preset pressure, and when the pressure measured by the pressure gauge PG reaches the preset pressure, the control valve CD A signal for closing the CV1 can be sent to the control valve CV1, and a signal for opening the control valve CV1 can be sent to the control valve CV1 when a preset time has elapsed with the control valve closed. It is preferable that the opening / closing operation of the valve CV1 can be repeated a predetermined number of times. When the opening / closing operation of the control valve CV1 is repeated, the set pressure gradually shifts from a low pressure to a high pressure. Specifically, a sequencer or the like can be used as the control device CD.

  The device to be pressurized 300 that is pressurized using the pressure device of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and examples include devices that need to be stepped up in steps. Examples thereof include a filter and a device that constitutes a solid-liquid separation device including the filter and that is used while being pressurized.

(2) Pressurization method:
In one embodiment of the pressurizing method of the present invention, the other end T1b of the pressurizing pipe T1 of the pressurizing apparatus of the present invention (pressurizing apparatus 100) (see FIG. 1) is added. In a state of being connected to the pressure device 300, a “pressurization operation of opening the control valve CV 1 and pressurizing the pressurized device 300 through the pressurization pipe T 1 from the high pressure gas supply means M 1” and “a pressure gauge in the pressurization operation” When the PG measures the pressure set in advance, the control valve CD is closed by the control device CD and the control valve CV1 is closed for a preset time. It is possible to pressurize the device under pressure 300 by repeating the set number of times. That is, “perform a control valve closing operation after a pressurizing operation” is one cycle, and this is repeated a plurality of cycles.

  As a result, a plurality of stages of pressure adjustment (pressure control) can be performed by a single control valve, so that pressure adjustment can be performed at a low cost with a small space. This is particularly effective when the pressure is increased stepwise without depressurizing the device under pressure.

  The pressurizing method of the present embodiment is a method of pressurizing the device under pressure 300 using one embodiment (pressurizing device 100) of the pressurizing device of the present invention. When pressurizing the pressurized device 300 by the pressurizing method of the present embodiment, the downstream end (the other end T1b) of the pressurizing pipe T1 is connected to the pressurized device 300 in advance. Further, the setting of opening / closing of the control valve CV1 by the control device CD is such that the inside of the pressurized device 300 is increased from a low pressure to a high pressure sequentially by opening / closing the control valve CV1 intermittently. It is preferable.

  In the pressurizing method of the present embodiment, first, a pressurizing operation is performed that “opens the control valve CV1 and pressurizes the pressurized device 300 from the high pressure gas supply means M1 through the pressurizing pipe T1”. By opening the control valve CV1, high-pressure gas begins to be supplied from the high-pressure gas supply means M1 into the pressurized device 300. For example, as shown in FIG. It starts to rise from (gauge pressure). FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between time and pressure (pressure increase pattern) when the pressure inside the pressurized device is increased by the pressurization method of the present embodiment.

  Next, “when the pressure gauge PG measures a preset pressure P1 in the pressurizing operation, the control valve CV1 is closed by the control device CD and the control valve CV1 is closed for a preset time t2. The control valve is closed. In the pressure increasing pattern shown in FIG. 4, the pressure increases from 0 to “preset pressure P1” over time t1. After the pressure in the pressurized device 300 starts to rise, when the pressure gauge PG measures “preset pressure P1”, the control device CD closes the control valve CV1 to apply pressure. The pressure in the pressure device 300 is maintained at a preset pressure (set pressure) P1. Then, the control valve CV1 is closed by the control device CD for a preset time (set time) t2, so that the pressure in the pressurized device 300 is the set pressure P1 for the set time. Maintained.

  Next, the “pressurizing operation” and the “control valve closing operation” are repeated by the control device CD for a preset number of times to pressurize the pressurized device 300.

  In the case where the “pressurizing operation” and the “control valve closing operation” are repeated a plurality of times, when the pressurizing operation is performed again after performing the control valve closing operation, an operation of opening the closed control valve CV1. I do. Thus, when the control valve CV1 is opened, the high-pressure gas starts to be supplied again from the high-pressure gas supply means M1 into the pressurized device 300, and the pressure in the pressurized device 300 starts to rise again. When the pressure gauge PG measures the “next highest pressure” P2 preset by the control device CD, the control valve CD is closed again by the control device CD for the preset time t4. CV1 is closed (control valve closing operation). In the pressure increasing pattern shown in FIG. 4, the pressure increases from P1 to P2 over time t3. In this way, the control valve CV1 is repeatedly opened and closed while sequentially increasing the set pressure, and finally set at a predetermined pressure (the highest pressure) (for example, the preset pressure P3 shown in FIG. 4). When the device under pressure 300 is pressurized for a time (for example, a preset time t6 shown in FIG. 4), the pressurization method of this embodiment is finished.

  In the pressurization method of the present embodiment, the number of times of repeating the “pressurization operation” and the “control valve closing operation” is not particularly limited, and can be set to a desired number. For example, in the case of the boosting pattern shown in FIG. 4, the “number of repetitions” is three. In the “third boost” in the boost pattern shown in FIG. 4, it takes time t5 to increase the pressure from P2 to P3.

  In the pressurizing method of the present embodiment, the pressurized device 300 is boosted in stages in multiple steps, but the pressure that rises in one pressurization is not particularly limited, and may be a desired pressure. it can.

  The pressurized device 300 to be pressurized by the pressurizing method of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and examples include devices that need to be stepped up in steps. Examples thereof include a filter and a device that constitutes a solid-liquid separation device including the filter and that is used while being pressurized.

  Next, a solid-liquid separation device including one embodiment of the pressurizing device of the present invention as a constituent element will be described. In addition, the solid-liquid separation apparatus which uses one Embodiment of the pressurization apparatus of this invention as a component is not limited to this.

(3) Solid-liquid separator:
As shown in FIG. 2, the solid-liquid separation apparatus including one embodiment of the pressurizing apparatus of the present invention includes a “filter cloth 1 and a“ filter body 2 whose interior is partitioned by the filter cloth 1 ”. And a space on the one side (secondary side surface 7) side of the filter cloth 1 and a space on the other side of the filter cloth 1 and the secondary side space 5 that is a space from which the filtrate 19 is discharged. In addition, a filter 3 in which a primary space 4 that is a space to which sludge 16 is supplied is formed, a decompressor 11 that can depressurize the secondary space 5, and a primary space 4 "Sludge supply means 12 that can supply sludge 16", "Pressure means 13 that can pressurize sludge supplied to the primary space 4", and "Supplied to the primary space 4" When the sludge 16 is filtered by the filter cloth 1, the concentration accumulated on the primary side surface 6 which is the primary side space 4 side surface of the filter cloth 1. The sludge can be compressed "is intended and a sludge pressing means, the pressing means 13, which is an embodiment of a pressure device of the present invention (pressure device 100). It can also be said that the sludge supply means 12 is a pressurized device, but it can also be said that the filter 3 is a pressurized device via the sludge supply means 12. Moreover, it may be said that the part excluding the pressurizing means 13 (pressurizing apparatus 100) from the solid-liquid separation apparatus 200 is the device to be pressurized. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram (flow diagram) showing a solid-liquid separation device 200 having the embodiment of the pressurizing device of the present invention as a constituent element. In addition, in FIG. 2, the sludge storage tank 12a is expressed so that the sludge 16 stored inside can be seen through. Moreover, the filter 3 is expressed so that a cross section may be shown. Moreover, the filtrate storage tank 14 is expressed so that the filtrate 19 stored inside can be seen through.

  As described above, the solid-liquid separation device 200 including the one embodiment of the pressurizing apparatus of the present invention as a constituent element has the pressurizing means 13 as an embodiment of the pressurizing apparatus of the present invention. The space required for the pressure means 13 can be reduced, and the cost required for installing the pressure means 13 can be reduced. Moreover, according to such a solid-liquid separation apparatus, since the pressurizing apparatus of the present invention is used as the pressurizing means 13, the pressurizing apparatus is used to pressurize the filter as a pressurized device step by step. The sludge can be solid-liquid separated by pressurization. Thereby, since sludge can be concentrated using the layer of the deposit | attachment (sludge solid content) on the filter cloth surface as a filter, sludge can be processed with one apparatus.

  In addition, the sludge storage tank 12a and the concentration tank 62 of the filter 3 are connected by piping, and the filtrate discharge tank 61 and the filtrate storage tank 14 of the filter 3 are connected by piping. Each pipe and device is preferably equipped with valves and instruments as necessary.

  Further, the pressure reducing means 11 that can depressurize the secondary side space 5 of the filter 3, the sludge supplying means 12 that can supply the sludge 16 to the primary side space 4, and the primary side space 4 are supplied. In order to provide the pressurizing means 13 that can pressurize the sludge 16 and the sludge pressing means that can squeeze the concentrated sludge accumulated on the primary side surface 6 of the filter cloth 1, the secondary side space 5 is decompressed. Then, the sludge 16 is filtered, and the concentrated sludge is deposited on the primary side surface 6 of the filter cloth 1 (suction filtration step), and the “concentrated sludge accumulated on the primary side surface 6 of the filter cloth 1” is used. Concentrated sludge is further deposited from above (pressure filtration step), and finally, the concentrated sludge accumulated on the primary surface 6 of the filter cloth 1 is squeezed to obtain compressed sludge (pressing step). And as the pressurizing means 13, the pressure can be increased stepwise (the pressure increasing operation (pressurizing operation) and the operation of maintaining the pressure at a constant value (control valve closing operation) can be alternately repeated). Because a pressure device is used, sludge filtration is performed in a short time while adjusting the sludge pressure so that the solid content of the sludge does not leak from the filter cloth (does not pass through the filter cloth) in the pressure filtration process and the pressing process. It can be performed.

  The pressurization apparatus and the pressurization method of the present invention are preferably used for a solid-liquid separation apparatus and a solid-liquid separation method used for treating sludge having a solid content concentration of about 1% by mass discharged from a water purification plant. Can do.

1: filter cloth, 2: filter body, 3: filter, 4: primary space, 5: secondary space, 6: primary surface, 7: secondary surface, 11: pressure reducing means 12: Sludge supply means, 12a: Sludge storage tank, 13: Pressurization means, 14: Filtrate storage tank, 16: Sludge, 19: Filtrate, 61: Filtrate discharge tank, 62: Concentration tank, 200: Solid-liquid separator , 100, 210: Pressurizing device, 300, 310: Pressurized equipment, M1, M2: High-pressure gas supply means, T1, T10: Pressurizing piping, T1a: One end, T1b: The other end, CV1 : Control valve, CV10, CV11, CV12, CV13, CV14: Control valve, V1, V2: Manual valve, CD: Control device, PG: Pressure gauge, P1, P2, P3: Pressure, t1, t2, t3, t4 t5, t6: time.

Claims (2)

High pressure gas supply means;
A pressurizing pipe having one end connected to the high-pressure gas supply means;
A pressure gauge for measuring the pressure in the pressurized device;
One control valve provided in the pressurizing pipe;
A pressurization device comprising a control device that opens and closes the control valve based on the pressure measured by the pressure gauge,
The control device can perform pressure adjustment to increase the pressure stepwise ,
The control valve was opened, a pressurizing operation for pressurizing the pressurized device through the pressurizing pipe from the high-pressure gas supply means, and a pressure preset by the pressure gauge in the pressurizing operation was measured. Sometimes the control device closes the control valve and closes the control valve for a preset time, and repeats the control valve closing operation for a preset number of times. A pressure device for a solid-liquid separator that pressurizes while increasing the pressure of the pressure device stepwise . In the state where the other end of the pressurizing pipe of the pressurizer for the solid-liquid separator according to claim 1 is connected to the pressurized device,
A control device that opens the control valve and pressurizes the device under pressure from the high-pressure gas supply means through the pressurizing pipe, and a control device that measures the pressure preset by the pressure gauge in the pressurization operation. The pressurization method of pressurizing the device to be pressurized by repeatedly performing a control valve closing operation for closing the control valve and closing the control valve for a preset time by the preset number of times.

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