JP5749559B2 - Battery system for maintenance - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a battery system used for ground storage equipment and vehicle mounting, and more particularly to a maintenance technique for the battery system.

  Conventionally, in a substation for a general electric railway, for example, AC power from an electric power company is converted into DC power and supplied to feeders. The electric vehicle operates by receiving DC power from the feeder via the overhead line.

  When accelerating, an electric vehicle travels by converting electric energy to travel energy by supplying power supplied from an overhead line to a motor for traveling via a power control device mounted on the vehicle. At this time, the overhead line voltage generally drops.

  On the other hand, when the vehicle decelerates, the traveling energy of the electric vehicle is converted into electrical energy by using a traveling motor as a generator, and regenerative power flows through the overhead line. At this time, the overhead line voltage generally increases.

  Proposed to install a large battery system at the substation, accumulate excess regenerative power by charging the battery system, and discharge it when the voltage of the overhead line drops to reduce fluctuations in the overhead line voltage (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). Such a battery system has recently attracted attention from the aspect of maintaining the operation performance by effectively using regenerative power and maintaining an appropriate value of the overhead line voltage.

  On the other hand, while using a battery system installed in a substation without using a charge / discharge control device, an effective supply of regenerative power has been proposed, and a power supply system that complements the transmission capability of the substation has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 2).

  A battery system installed in a substation or the like is configured by connecting a large number of battery modules configured by connecting a large number of batteries in series and connected in series and in parallel. Therefore, the degree of performance deterioration between the unit batteries varies, and a state in which the balance of the charge / discharge capacity is largely lost may occur. If a battery module is charged / discharged in a state where a unit battery with extremely deteriorated charge / discharge capacity compared to other unit batteries is generated, the deteriorated unit battery will be overcharged or overdischarged. It becomes difficult to maintain the performance.

  As a method for solving such a problem, a method has been proposed in which a unit cell that has deteriorated by being short-circuited between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a unit cell by a short-circuit member made of a metal piece is excluded from the battery module (for example, a patent). Reference 3).

JP 2001-260719 A International Publication No. 2009/107715 JP 2010-049870 A

  There has been proposed a power supply system for electric railways that is equipped with a large battery system at a substation and collects regenerative power (Patent Document 1). However, the power supply system requires a charge / discharge control device for appropriately adjusting the voltage of the battery system and connecting it to the overhead line.

  The reason for this is that in an ordinary secondary battery, the output voltage (exactly the terminal voltage) with respect to the SOC (charge state) of the battery changes greatly, so the voltage of the battery system is adapted to the overhead voltage using the charge / discharge control device. This is because the method of connecting to the overhead wire is taken. Since this charge / discharge control apparatus is expensive and takes a place for installation, it is a factor that hinders the spread of such battery systems.

  The nickel-metal hydride battery has a small change in output voltage with respect to the SOC of the battery, and does not require a charge / discharge control device in order to adapt the output voltage of the battery system to the overhead line voltage (Patent Document 2).

  However, if a method such as that disclosed in Patent Document 3 is adopted, for example, a unit battery that is deteriorated by short-circuiting between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a unit battery in which a defect has occurred is short-circuited by a short-circuit member made of a metal piece. The module output voltage drops.

  If the number of unit batteries that are short-circuited by the short-circuit member increases, the output voltage of the battery system formed by connecting a large number of battery modules in series will decrease. A charge / discharge control device is required.

  The demand to adjust the output voltage of the battery system after removing the defective unit battery by short-circuiting in this way is seen not only in the power supply system for electric railways but also in the power supply system for general industries. Is to be.

  In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to easily adjust the output voltage of a battery system in which a plurality of battery modules are connected in series without using an expensive charge / discharge control device. It is to provide a battery system capable of.

In order to achieve the above object, a battery system considering maintenance according to the present invention includes a plurality of unit cells and a conductive member provided between adjacent unit cells, and a plurality of unit cells are stacked. A first battery module connected in series, a plurality of unit cells, and a conductive member provided between adjacent unit cells, and a plurality of unit cells are stacked and connected in series. A battery module, which is provided between the positive terminal and the negative terminal for taking out electricity to the outside of the battery module and has a potential intermediate between the potential of the positive terminal and the potential of the negative terminal And a second battery module further connected in series, wherein the conductive member is formed of a conductive material that short-circuits adjacent conductive members via the unit battery. Been shorted member configured for attachment.

According to this configuration, in the battery system formed by connecting the battery modules to multiple series, between the negative electrode terminal for taking out the positive electrode terminal and the negative side electricity for taking out the positive side of the electric of the battery module, the positive electrode terminal or negative electrode terminal is provided another connection terminal, by configuring the second battery module, and than the voltage between the positive terminal and the negative terminal it possible to take out a small voltage. Thereby, the output voltage of the battery module can be adjusted.

The unit battery can be externally short-circuited by short-circuiting the adjacent conductive members via the conductive short-circuit member via the unit battery in which the defect has occurred. Thereby, it is possible to short-circuit the unit battery in which the defect has occurred reliably.

A terminal for taking out electricity from the second battery module may be selected in accordance with the number of unit batteries that are externally short-circuited . Thereby, the output voltage of a battery system can be maintained at a desired value. Such an electrical extraction terminal may be a connection terminal, or may be a positive terminal or a negative terminal.

A battery system in consideration of maintenance according to claim 2 is a cell voltmeter attached to the unit battery, measuring an output voltage of the unit battery, and transmitting a voltage signal indicating an output voltage value, and the cell voltmeter a battery monitoring device which receives a voltage signal, and a circuit breaker for interrupting a current flowing through the battery system during operation, further wherein the battery monitoring device, the voltage value of the cell voltage meter is smaller than the predetermined value when it is determined, actuating the circuit breaker.

  According to this configuration, in order to detect a unit battery having deteriorated battery performance by measuring its output voltage and stop the operation of the battery system, the circuit breaker provided at the output of the battery system is opened. The voltage value for operating the circuit breaker can be changed. Also, an ammeter may be provided to activate the circuit breaker when an abnormal overcurrent flows.

The battery system considering maintenance according to claim 3, wherein the battery monitoring device is adjacent to each other via a unit battery corresponding to the cell voltmeter when the voltage value of the cell voltmeter is smaller than the predetermined value. When it is determined that the conductive members are short-circuited by the short-circuit member, the circuit breaker is not operated.

According to this configuration, the short-circuit state is determined by the measured value of the cell voltmeter. For example, the circuit breaker is opened when a substantially zero voltage value is measured more than once. Almost zero means that there is an error in the cell voltmeter, and the actual voltage may be measured with a value even though it is zero due to the thermoelectromotive force of the connection part, so there is some tolerance. It is because it is necessary to have. The plurality of times is preferably three times or more, and has a time margin for eliminating transient effects.

The battery system considering maintenance according to claim 4, wherein the conductive member has a plate shape, and an engagement hole extending perpendicularly to a stacking direction of the first and second battery modules is formed. the short-circuit member comprises a plate-like body portion, projecting from the body portion, engages the engaging hole of said conductive member so as to short the case cormorants before Kishirubeden members together next through the unit cell Engaging protrusions.

According to this configuration, the plate-shaped conductive member having the engagement hole is interposed between the unit cells constituting the battery module, and the engagement protrusion that engages with the conductive member and the engagement hole of the conductive member is provided. The unit battery can be externally short-circuited through the short-circuit member having the same. Accordingly, the conductive member and the shorting member having a simple structure only using the battery module, it is possible to make external short circuit reliably abnormal unit battery. In addition, the materials and dimensions of the conductive member and the short-circuit member can be changed. Moreover , even if only one cell is externally short-circuited as an emergency measure when an abnormal unit battery is detected, the performance of the battery module can be ensured without greatly affecting the remaining unit batteries.

Cell system in consideration of maintenance of claim 5 constitutes a circulation path of refrigerant, wherein the engaging hole of said conductive member is composed of gas or liquid.

According to this structure, it becomes possible to utilize a conductive member as a heat sink for cooling a unit battery by comprising in this way. As a result, by cooling the unit battery in the battery module and suppressing the battery temperature rise at the time of charging / discharging, it is possible to more reliably secure the performance of the battery module by suppressing the variation in capacity deterioration between the unit batteries. .

The battery system in consideration of maintenance according to claim 6, in the second battery module, between the unit cells provided between adjacent unit cells , instead of the conductive member, a good electrical conductor. An intermediate current collector is provided, and the connection terminal is attached to the intermediate current collector.

According to this configuration, the intermediate current collector provided between the unit cells of the second battery module, providing a connection to an intermediate current collector terminal. Such an intermediate current collector is preferably 1 to 4, and if the number of intermediate current collectors is too large, the number of unit cells to be accommodated decreases, so that the maximum number is preferably 4. By setting it as such a structure, it becomes possible to take out the intermediate voltage of a desired battery module from a 2nd battery module easily.

Cell system in consideration of maintenance of claim 7, wherein the thickness of the intermediate current collector of the second battery module, and the thickness of the unit cell, combined with the thickness of one or two of the conductive member Equal to the thing .

According to this configuration, by making the thickness of the thickness of the intermediate current collectors, a combination of the thicknesses of the one or two of the conductive member of the unit cell, making it possible to standardize the design size of the battery module It becomes possible. Thus, in the first battery module without the connection terminals, Ru can be a unit battery or the like would normally constitute a second battery module by arranging the intermediate current collector in place to be stored. In addition , the yield of the product can be improved and an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

The battery system considering maintenance this, the battery monitoring device receives the signal from the current meter for measuring the current flowing through the unit cell, as well as calculates the SOC of the unit cell, the second You may provide the charger which charges so that SOC of the unit battery newly used in a battery module may become the same as SOC of the unit battery which is not short-circuited with the said short circuit member.

  According to this configuration, in the battery monitoring device, the SOC indicating the state of charge of the battery is calculated for each unit battery from the measured values of the cell voltmeter and the module thermometer, and the normal unit battery that is not short-circuited by the short-circuit member is calculated. The unit battery of the second battery module is charged until the average value of SOC is reached. By charging in this way, it is possible to prevent variation in performance between unit cells constituting the battery system. Note that the battery charger may have the function of the battery monitoring device, and may be prepared separately.

The power supply system according to claim 8 , wherein the power used in an electric railway substation having a transformer receiving power from an AC power line, a rectifier connected to the transformer, and a feeder connected to the rectifier. a supply system, ing directly connected battery system according to the-out wire to one of claims 1 to 7.

  According to this configuration, the battery system can be directly connected to the overhead line without using an expensive charge / discharge control device.

It is a partially broken side view which shows the battery module which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a partially broken top view which shows the unit battery in the battery module of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the inside of the casing of the battery module of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV. It is a partial fracture drawing which shows the battery module for cell number adjustment concerning one embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a plan view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is an enlarged view of the vicinity of a connection terminal. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the battery laminated body in the battery module of FIG. 1, (a) is a top view of a battery laminated body, (b) is a side view of a battery laminated body. It is a perspective view which shows the short circuit member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the attachment state of the short circuit member which concerns on this embodiment, (a) is a front view of the state which attached the short circuit member of FIG. 7 to the electrically-conductive member, (b) is the side view. It is a connection diagram of the battery module which comprises the battery system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a connection diagram of the electrical extraction part of the first battery module, (b) is a connection diagram of the electrical extraction part of the second battery module, and (c) is a connection between the first battery module and the second battery module. It is a connection diagram. It is a systematic diagram which shows the data collection system in a battery monitoring system. It is drawing which shows the protection system figure of a battery system. It is an alarm list of a battery system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a battery block diagram which shows the connection state of the battery module which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a connection block diagram in the state without a defective cell, (b) is a connection structure when a defective cell arises It is a figure, (c) is a connection block diagram in the state which connected the module for cell number adjustment. 1 is a system diagram of an electric railway power supply system including a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, although the embodiment of the battery system concerning the present invention is described according to a drawing, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

  First, after showing an example of the first battery module B, the second battery module B 'will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing the structure of a first battery module B (hereinafter referred to as battery module B when it is not necessary to distinguish between them). The battery module B is installed in, for example, a substation of an electric railway, and a plurality of unit batteries C, which are preferably sealed rectangular batteries, are provided in the thickness direction of the unit battery C (in this embodiment, 30) The laminated battery stack 1, and the side plate 3, the compression plate 5, and the tightening bolt 7 for fastening and fixing the battery stack 1 in the stacking direction X are provided as main components. The components are covered with a casing 9 made of an insulating material.

  FIG. 2 is a partially broken plan view showing an example of the structure of the unit battery C shown in FIG. The unit battery C includes a separator 17, an electrode body 10 including a positive electrode member 18 and a negative electrode member 19, and a rectangular storage container 13 that stores the electrode body 10 together with an electrolytic solution. The storage container 13 includes a rectangular frame-shaped member 14 made of an insulating material, and a first lid member 15 and a second lid member 16 made of a conductive material that face each other and cover the two openings of the frame-shaped member 14. It is configured.

  The electrode body 10 has a laminated structure in which a plurality of positive electrode members 18 and a plurality of negative electrode members 19 are alternately laminated in a predetermined direction via separators 17 bent in a pleat shape. The first lid member 15 and the second lid member 16 of the storage container 13 are formed of a nickel-plated steel plate, the positive electrode member 18 is the first lid member 15, and the negative electrode member 19 is the second lid member 16. , Each is electrically connected. That is, the first and second lid members 15 and 16 each serve as a positive electrode plate that is a positive-side electric current collector and a negative electrode plate that is a negative-side electric current collector. .

  The unit battery C is provided with a voltage monitoring terminal 46 for monitoring the voltage of the unit battery C. The voltage monitoring terminals 46 may be provided in a pair, that is, one each on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side, but one terminal 46 is provided on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side of the adjacent unit battery C in the battery module B. It is preferable to share.

  Next, the structure of the battery module B configured using the unit battery C will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the battery stack 1 of the battery module B in the present embodiment is obtained by stacking unit batteries C and conductive plates 31, and the unit battery C is one first of adjacent unit batteries C. The lid member 15 (FIG. 2) and the other second lid member 16 (FIG. 2) are stacked in a direction facing each other, and a conductive plate 31 is interposed between the unit cells C. In the present embodiment, the conductive plate 31 is interposed on both sides of the unit battery C for each unit battery C, but one conductive plate 31 may be interposed for two sets of unit batteries C.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the module main body 47, which is the main part of the battery module B, partially cut away. In the following description, the positive electrode side (front side in FIG. 3) of the battery stack 1 is referred to as the front side, and the negative electrode side (back side in FIG. 3) is referred to as the rear side. Side plates 3 formed as a pair of plate-like members extending along the stacking direction X are disposed on both side surfaces of the battery stack 1 in the stacking direction X so as to cover both sides of the battery stack 1. Yes. A compression plate 5 which is a plate-like compression member is fixed to each of the front end portion and the rear end portion in the stacking direction X of the side plate 3 by side bolts 32. The front surface and the rear surface of the battery stack 1 in the stacking direction X are covered. Further, an upper surface plate 33 and a lower surface plate 34 which are plate-like members extending along the stacking direction X are disposed above and below the stacking direction X of the battery stack 1, respectively. The upper surface plate 33 and the lower surface plate 34 are fixed to the side surface plate 3 by bolts.

  4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, on the front side of the first lid member 15 of the unit battery C located at the front end of the battery stack 1, a first current collecting plate 35 serving as a positive current collecting member is provided on the unit battery C. Are placed on top of each other. Further, an insulating plate 37 is disposed on the front side of the first current collecting plate 35.

  The rear end portion of the battery stack 1 also has a structure similar to that of the front end, and the second lid member 16 of the unit battery C located at the rear end portion of the battery stack 1 has a negative electrode side. A second current collecting plate 36 serving as a current collecting member is superimposed on the unit battery C. Further, an insulating plate 37 is disposed on the rear side of the second current collecting plate 36.

  A positive terminal bolt 45 that functions as the positive terminal 11 of the battery module B is screwed into the first current collecting plate 35. The negative electrode terminal 12 is screwed onto the second current collector plate 36 and attached to the rear end portion of the battery stack 1 in the same manner as the front end portion. The conductive plate 31 is provided with a ventilation hole 38 through which a refrigerant for releasing heat generated by the unit battery C to the outside is passed.

  In the present embodiment, the battery module B is composed of 30 unit batteries C. When the nominal voltage of the substation is 450V, the output voltage per unit battery is 1.367V, and 11 battery modules are connected in series to form a battery system. However, the number of unit batteries C constituting the battery module B is not limited to 30, and the number of battery modules B constituting the battery system is not limited to 11. It can be changed appropriately according to the system specifications.

  Next, an embodiment of the second battery module B '(hereinafter referred to as a cell number adjusting battery module) will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, description is abbreviate | omitted about the part which is common with the battery module B, and it has shown using the same code | symbol.

  5A is a plan view of the cell number adjusting battery module B ′, and FIG. 5B is a side view thereof. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the conductive plates 31 are provided on both sides of the unit battery C.

  In the present embodiment, the intermediate current collector 20 is between the unit battery C between the first current collecting plate 35 that is the positive current collector and the second current collector 36 that is the negative current collector. Are separated from each other. That is, the intermediate current collector 20 is in the middle so that one surface is in contact with the first lid member 15 of the unit battery C and the other surface of the intermediate current collector 20 is in contact with the second lid member 16 of another unit battery C. A current collector 20 is disposed. The unit battery C is 9 cells between the intermediate current collector 20 on the rear end side and the second current collector plate 36, and the unit battery C is between the intermediate current collector 20 on the front end side and the first current collector plate 35. A cell module B ′ for adjusting the number of cells is configured by laminating 9 cells and 10 cells between two intermediate current collectors 20 and 28 cells in total. The intermediate current collector 20 is preferably nickel-plated on aluminum (or an aluminum alloy) which is a good electrical conductor. The intermediate current collector 20 is not limited to aluminum (or an aluminum alloy), and may be a good electrical conductor, such as stainless steel. Although the contact resistance can be reduced by applying nickel plating, it is not necessary to apply plating.

  Since the intermediate current collector 20 is a good conductor of electricity, the electricity of the adjacent unit cell C can be efficiently transmitted to the adjacent unit cell C.

  Since the thickness of the intermediate current collector 20 is made equal to the combined thickness of the unit battery C and the two conductive plates 31, in the battery module B, the unit battery C and the conductive plate 31 are taken out and the intermediate current collector 20 is removed. As a result, the battery module B ′ for adjusting the number of cells is obtained, so that the design of the battery module B can be diverted, and parts and assembly can be shared. In the battery module B, when one conductive plate 31 is combined with two sets of unit batteries C, the thickness of the intermediate current collector 20 may be set to the combined thickness of the unit battery C and one conductive plate 31. it can.

  Similarly to the conductive plate 31, the intermediate current collector 20 may be provided with a vent hole 38 (not shown) for allowing the refrigerant to pass therethrough. The intermediate current collector 20 contributes to cooling of the battery.

  A screw hole 23 is provided at a substantially central portion on the upper surface of the intermediate current collector 20, and circular openings 9 a and 33 a are formed in the top plate and the upper plate 33 of the casing 9 above the screw hole 23, respectively. In the openings 9 a and 33 a, the connection terminal bolt 22 is screwed into the screw hole 23 from above, and the connection terminal 21 is attached to the intermediate current collector 20. A cable (not shown) can be attached to the connection terminal 21, and the voltage of the cell number adjustment module B 'can be taken out to the outside.

  On the upper surface of the opening 9a, a cover disk 24 made of an insulator having a hole through which the connection terminal 21 is passed is provided at the center, thereby preventing foreign matter from entering from the outside. In the upper openings 9a and 33a of the intermediate current collector 20 where the connection terminal 21 is not provided, a cover disc 25 having no hole through which the connection terminal 21 is passed is provided at the center.

  The battery module B ′ for adjusting the number of cells is composed of 28 cells, and electricity can be taken out from the connection terminal 21 provided at the position of 9 cells from the front end and 9 cells from the rear end. 10 cells may be used, and the front end side may be 10 cells. Further, the intermediate current collector 20 and the connection terminal 21 may be any one of 1-4.

  Next, the structure of the conductive plate 31 among the structures of the battery stack 1 configured using the unit batteries C will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the battery stack 1 in the present embodiment is obtained by alternately stacking a plurality of unit cells C and conductive plates 31, and the unit cells C are adjacent units via the conductive plates 31. As described above, one first lid member 15 and the other second lid member 16 of the battery C are stacked in a direction facing each other.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, which is a plan view showing the battery stack 1, the conductive plate 31 has an opening on one of the four side surfaces 31a, or both the upper side surface and the lower side surface, A plurality of engagement holes 39 having a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape are formed. The plurality of engagement holes 39 are formed by the positions in the row direction of the engagement hole row L extending in the left-right direction Y formed by the plurality of engagement holes 39 and the engagement holes of the voltage monitoring terminal 46 of the unit battery C. It arrange | positions so that it may not overlap with the position of the row | line | column L direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, which is a side view of the battery stack 1, the engagement holes 39 of each conductive plate 31 are formed as holes extending in the vertical direction perpendicular to the stacking direction X of the battery stack 1. Has been. Further, among the plurality of conductive plates 31, the engagement holes 39 of the conductive plate 31 excluding the conductive plates 31 and 31 positioned at both ends in the stacking direction X penetrate the conductive plate 31 in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction X. A vent 38 is formed. By passing cooling air sent from an electric fan (not shown) provided in the battery module B through the ventilation hole 38, the conductive plate 31 provided with the ventilation hole 38 cools the unit battery C located on both sides thereof. It functions as a heat sink. On the other hand, the conductive plates 31, 31 positioned at both ends in the stacking direction X function as current collector plates on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side of the entire battery stack 1, respectively.

  Next, the short-circuit member according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a short-circuit member used in the present embodiment. The short-circuit member 71 is configured by projecting a plurality of engaging protrusions 71b on a plate-like main body 71a. The main body 71a has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the engagement protrusion 71b has a rectangular column shape with a quadrangular cross section. FIG. 8 shows a state in which the short-circuit member 71 is attached to a unit composed of one unit battery C and conductive plates 31 and 31 located on both sides thereof, which is a main part of the external short-circuit system S according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8A, which is a front view, the position and shape of each engagement protrusion 71 b are set so as to engage with the engagement hole 39 of the conductive plate 31. Further, the short-circuit member 71 is made of a conductive material, and as shown in FIG. 8B which is a side view, each engagement protrusion 71b has two conductive plates 31 adjacent to each other via the unit battery C. , 31, the first lid member 15 that is the positive electrode current collector of the unit battery C and the second lid member 16 that is the negative electrode current collector are short-circuited.

  The short circuit between the first lid member 15 and the second lid member 16 of the unit battery C may be performed only through the two conductive plates 31, 31, but in the present embodiment, FIG. As shown, the lower surface of the main body 71 a of the short-circuit member 71 is in direct contact with the upper surfaces of both the bent portions 15 b and 16 b of the first and second lid members 15 and 16.

  In addition, as the short-circuit member 71 shown in FIG. 8B, the short-circuit member 71 is used in which the thickness t1 of the main body portion 71a is substantially the same as the stacking direction X dimension l of the engagement holes 39 of the conductive plate 31. In this case, even when the short-circuit member 71 is cut out from the material having a uniform thickness and then the engagement protrusion 71b is formed by bending from the main body 71a, the dimension t2 of the engagement protrusion 71b in the stacking direction X is set. The engagement hole 39 can be made to substantially coincide with the stacking direction X dimension l. Therefore, the short-circuit member 71 can be manufactured easily and inexpensively.

  Next, the operation of the short-circuit member according to the embodiment of the present invention described above will be described.

  In the battery module B shown in FIG. 1, when an abnormal battery voltage such as overcharge or overdischarge is detected in any of the unit cells C constituting the battery stack 1, after removing the upper portion of the casing 9, As shown in FIG. 8, the engagement protrusions 71b of the short-circuit member 71 are used as the conductive members in the engagement holes 39, 39 of the two conductive plates 31, 31 arranged on both sides of the unit battery C where the abnormality is detected. Engage. At this time, the main body portion 71 a of the short-circuit member 71 pushes the short-circuit member 71 to a position where it contacts the bent portions 15 b and 16 b of the first and second lid members 15 and 16 of the unit battery C.

  In this embodiment, the battery module B is mounted by reliably short-circuiting the abnormal unit battery C by simply adding the conductive plate 31 and the short-circuit member 71 having a simple structure to the battery module B as described above. The operation of the device can be ensured. In addition, by changing the materials and dimensions of the conductive plate 31 and the short-circuit member 71, it is possible to easily realize an external short circuit according to the discharge conditions of the device on which the battery module B is mounted.

  In any of the above embodiments, all the engagement holes 39 of the conductive plate 31 can be blocked by the respective engagement protrusions 71 b of the short-circuit member 71. The engagement hole 39 of the battery module B does not directly participate in charging / discharging of the battery module B. Therefore, the unit battery C is externally short-circuited as an emergency measure when an abnormality occurs in the unit battery C, including the case where the engagement hole 39 is formed as a ventilation hole for battery cooling as described above. In this case, by engaging the engagement protrusions in all the engagement holes 39, the short-circuit member 71 can be securely attached to the conductive plate 31, and the contact between the short-circuit member 71 and the conductive plate 31 is achieved. The resistance can be reduced, and the external short-circuit can be effectively performed even for a large current.

  Note that the number and shape of the engagement holes 39 formed in the conductive plate 31 are not limited to those described above, and may be appropriately changed according to the application and specifications of the device in which the battery module B is used. Furthermore, the number and shape of the engagement protrusions 71b of the short-circuit member 71 can also be changed according to the number and shape of the engagement holes 39.

  Next, a method for extracting electricity from the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to connection diagrams.

  FIG. 9A is a diagram for explaining an electricity extraction portion of the battery module B. The battery stack 1 including the unit battery C and the conductive plate 31 includes a first current collecting plate 35 and a second current collecting plate 36. Is sandwiched between. Cables 64 are connected to the positive electrode terminal 11 connected to the first current collector plate 35 and the negative electrode terminal 12 connected to the second current collector plate 36, respectively. The cables 64 can be connected to each other.

  FIG. 9B is a drawing for explaining the electricity extraction part of the battery module B ′ for adjusting the number of cells, and between the connection terminals 21a and 21b and between the connection terminals 21a and 21b and the current collecting plates 35 and 36. In each case, the battery stack 1 is sandwiched. Cables 66a and 66b for taking out electricity to the outside are attached to the connection terminals 21a and 21b, and the negative terminal connected to the second current collector plate 36 serves as the connection terminal 21c to send electricity to the outside. A cable 66c for taking out is attached. A cable 64 is attached to the positive electrode terminal 11 to which the first current collector plate 35 is connected. The cable 64 can be connected to the negative electrode terminal 12 of the adjacent battery module B.

  FIG.9 (c) is a figure for demonstrating the connection state of the battery system A which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The plurality of battery modules B are connected in series by a cable 64. A cable 65 is connected to the positive electrode terminal 11 of the battery module B on the highest pressure side (left end in the figure), and the cable 64 is connected to the negative electrode terminal 12 of the battery module B on the lowest pressure side (right end in the figure). The cell number adjusting battery module B ′ can be connected to the positive terminal 11. Thereby, the electricity on the high voltage side of the battery system A can be taken out via the cable 65 and the electricity on the low voltage side can be taken out via the cable 66.

  Next, protection monitoring of the battery system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a data collection system for monitoring the state of the battery. The state of the battery is monitored by the battery monitoring device 48 provided in the battery module B. That is,

  As shown in FIG. 10, a cell voltmeter 51 is attached to each unit battery C and is connected to the battery monitoring device 48 via a wiring 52 so that the output voltage of the unit battery C can be measured. Each of the battery modules B is provided with a module thermometer 53 and a module pressure gauge 55, which are connected to the battery monitoring device 48 via wires 54 and 56, so that the temperature and pressure of the battery module B can be controlled. Measurement is possible.

  The battery monitoring device 48 monitors the state of each unit battery (cell) and calculates the SOC indicating the state of charge of the battery.

  Although not specifically described below, a cell voltmeter 51, a module thermometer 53, and a module pressure gauge 55 are attached to the battery module B ′ for adjusting the number of cells, similarly to the battery module B. The fault cell can be short-circuited by the short-circuit member 71.

  FIG. 11 is a system diagram of the entire system when the battery system according to the present invention is applied to an electric railway power supply system. A system voltmeter 57 attached to the cable 65 is connected to the battery monitoring device 48 via the wiring 58 so that the output voltage of the battery system 108 can be measured. A system ammeter 59 attached to the cable 66 It is connected to the battery monitoring device 48 via the wiring 60, and the current flowing through the battery system 108 can be measured.

  The battery monitoring device 48 monitors the signal from each detector, generates a warning if the abnormality is minor, generates an alarm if the abnormality is severe, and stops the operation of the battery system 108. FIG. 12 shows a list of alarm types and alarm values in the battery system 108 as an alarm list. In the battery monitoring device 48, when it is determined and output as a minor failure, an alarm sound is emitted and the abnormality content is displayed on a display device (not shown). When it is determined that a serious failure has occurred, an alarm sound is generated and the content of the abnormality is displayed on a display device (not shown), and the circuit breaker 115a installed on the plus side of the battery system 108 and the circuit breaker 115b installed on the minus side are displayed. The circuit is opened and the current flowing from the battery system 108 to the feeder 105 is cut off.

  The current limiting reactor 116 suppresses the current flowing through the circuit breaker 115. The circuit breaker 115 is also opened when an overcurrent is detected by the system ammeter 59. In addition, since the cell voltmeter 51 is individually provided in the unit battery, it can be known which cell has a problem.

  Next, the operation of the battery system according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described using the connection configuration diagram of FIG.

  FIG. 13A is a connection configuration diagram of the battery system 108 in a state where there is no defective cell 68 with degraded performance. In this case, 11 battery modules B are connected in series, and plus side electricity and minus side electricity are taken out via the cables 65 and 66, respectively. The battery module B 'for adjusting the number of cells is not used. In this state, as described above, the output voltage of the battery system is 30 × 1.367V × 11 = 451V.

  In the process of repeating the charge / discharge cycle, when a unit battery having extremely deteriorated performance is generated, the deteriorated unit battery adversely affects the performance of the battery module. FIG. 13B shows the connection state of the battery system 108 before the adjustment of the number of cells, and the connection state of the battery system 108 after the adjustment of the number of cells. Is shown in FIG.

  In order to prevent the bad cell 68 from adversely affecting the battery module B, the defective cell 68 deteriorated by short-circuiting between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the unit battery C by the short-circuit member 71 is excluded from the battery module B (FIG. 13C). ). In the figure, nine cells are short-circuited by the short-circuit member 71. In this case, the output voltage of the battery system 108 decreases by 1.367 V × 9 = 12.3 V. A decrease in the output voltage of the battery system adversely affects the performance of the equipment using the battery system, and may interfere with the operation of trains and the like. In order to prevent this, a battery system voltage module B 'is used to secure the voltage of the battery system.

  In FIG. 13C, the positive terminal 11 of the battery module B ′ for adjusting the number of cells and the negative terminal 12 of the battery module B on the lowest pressure side are connected by a cable 64, and the connection terminal 21a of the battery module B ′ for adjusting the number of cells. The cable 66a is connected to the cable. As a result, nine unit batteries between the positive electrode terminal 11 and the connection terminal 21a of the cell number adjusting battery module B ′ are newly added, so that the output voltage of the battery system 108 between the cable 65 and the cable 66a is a predetermined value. Secured.

  The number of cells can be adjusted as appropriate. For example, at the end of work or during regular inspection, the battery monitoring device 48 selects a cell with reduced performance and completely discharges it with a separately prepared short circuit device (not shown), and then uses the short circuit member 71. Short-circuit the defective cell. When selecting a defective cell, nine cells may be selected in order of decreasing output voltage from the measured value of the cell voltmeter 51 provided for each cell. If there is a defective cell by visual inspection or the like, 9 cells may be selected for convenience by adding 8 cells in ascending order of output voltage.

  Next, 9 cells of the cell number adjustment battery module B 'are charged by a charger provided separately. That is, since the battery monitoring device 48 measures the state of the battery, the SOC of all the cells is calculated. The additional 9 cells are charged so that the average value of the SOC of a normal battery is obtained.

  When the number of defective cells 68 is 19, the cable 66 is connected to the connection terminal 21b, and when the number is 28, the cable 66 is connected to the connection terminal 21c (the negative terminal of the battery module for adjusting the number of cells). .

  The battery monitoring device 48 monitors the state of the unit battery, etc., issues an alarm, and operates the circuit breaker. The output voltage of the cell short-circuited by the short-circuit member is below the lower limit value of the serious failure. It is conceivable to operate the circuit breaker. In order to prevent this, the cell short-circuited by the short-circuit member 71 needs to be excluded from the alarm. Such an operation can be performed manually in the battery monitoring device 48 from the setting screen. Instead of being done manually, it is also possible to do it preferably automatically. If it is automatic, human error can be prevented. Specifically, if a voltage with a very low cell voltage continues, it is excluded from the alarm target. More specifically, it is a case where a cell voltage of 0.01 V or less is continuously measured six times or more, but these numerical values can be appropriately changed.

  FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electric railway power supply system including the battery system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  The electric railway substation 100 is directly connected to the overhead line 109 via the feeder line 105 by the battery system 108 according to the present invention. The battery system 108 has a positive terminal 11 connected to a feeder 105 and a negative terminal 12 connected to a return line 107. The battery system 108 is connected to the overhead wire 109 without going through a charge / discharge control device that controls the charge / discharge voltage.

  The electric railway power supply system 99 includes a transformer 103 that receives power from an AC power source 101 from an electric power company or the like via an AC power line 102, and a rectifier 104 connected to the transformer 103. The positive terminal is connected to the overhead line 109 and the negative terminal is connected to the return line 107.

  DC power output from the rectifier 104 is supplied from the feeder 105 to the electric vehicle 110 via the overhead line 109. In the electric vehicle 110, the supplied DC power is converted into AC by, for example, a power control device 112 on the vehicle, and is supplied to the electric motor 113 and auxiliary equipment for traveling.

  For example, if the electric vehicle 110 is a regenerative vehicle in a braking state and there is no other electric vehicle that requires regenerative power, the overhead line voltage rises and the regenerative power is charged in the battery system 108. On the other hand, when the electric vehicle 110 is an acceleration vehicle, if the overhead line voltage decreases, power is supplied from the battery system 108 to the acceleration vehicle via the overhead line 109.

  In short, in the battery system 108, charging is performed when the voltage between the overhead line 109 and the return line 107 is higher than the battery voltage of the battery system 108, and discharging is performed when the voltage is low. As described above, the battery system 108 works to compensate for excess or deficiency of power in the overhead line 109, and realizes energy saving and operation of the electric vehicle.

  The battery system according to the present invention includes a ground power storage facility and a vehicle-mounted storage battery facility, for example, a transformer that receives power from an AC power line, a rectifier connected to the transformer, and an overhead line connected to the rectifier. Electric railway power supply system in which the battery system is directly connected to the overhead line, or LRV (Light Rail Transit), a tram, or a smart system that links natural power generation facilities Can be used for grids. Moreover, it can be usefully used as a maintenance technique.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Battery laminated body 3 Side plate 5 Compression plate 7 Clamping bolt 9 Casing 10 Electrode body 11 Positive electrode terminal 12 Negative electrode terminal 13 Storage container 14 Frame-shaped member 15 1st cover member (positive electrode plate)
16 Second lid member (negative electrode plate)
17 Separator 18 Positive electrode member 19 Negative electrode member 20 Intermediate current collector 21 Connection terminal 21a / 21b / 21c Connection terminal 22 Connection terminal bolt 23 Screw hole 31 Conductive plate 31a Side surface 33 Upper surface plate 34 Lower surface plate 35 First current collector plate 36 Second Current collector plate 38 Ventilation hole 39 Engagement hole 46 Voltage monitoring terminal 48 Battery monitoring device 51 Cell voltmeter 52, 54, 56, 58, 60 Wiring 53 Module thermometer 55 Module pressure gauge 57 System voltmeter 59 System ammeter 64 Module Connection cable 65 Cable (positive side)
66 Cable (minus side)
68 Faulty cell 71 External short-circuit member 71a Main body 71b Engaging protrusion 99 Electric railway power supply system 100 Electric railway substation 101 AC power supply 102 AC power line 103 Transformer 104 Rectifier 105 Power line 107 Return line 108 Battery system 109 Overhead line DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 Electric vehicle 112 Electric power control apparatus 113 Electric motor 115 Circuit breaker 116 Current limiting reactor A Battery system B Battery module (1st battery module)
B 'cell number adjustment battery module (second battery module)
C unit battery S external short-circuit system L engagement hole row

Claims (8)

A first battery module having a plurality of unit cells and a conductive member provided between adjacent unit cells, wherein a plurality of unit cells are stacked and connected in series;
A battery module having a plurality of unit cells and a conductive member provided between adjacent unit cells, wherein a plurality of unit cells are stacked and connected in series, and between a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal And a second battery module further provided with a connection terminal having an intermediate potential between the potential of the positive electrode terminal and the potential of the negative electrode terminal, provided to take out electricity to the outside of the battery module;
A battery system configured by connecting in series,
The battery system in consideration of maintenance, wherein the conductive member is configured such that a short-circuit member formed of a conductive material that short-circuits adjacent conductive members via the unit battery is attached. A cell voltmeter attached to the unit battery, measuring an output voltage of the unit battery, and transmitting a voltage signal indicating an output voltage value ;
A battery monitoring device for receiving a voltage signal from the cell voltmeter;
And a circuit breaker for interrupting a current flowing through the battery system during operation,
The battery monitoring device, when the voltage value of the cell voltage meter is determined to a predetermined value smaller than the battery system considering maintenance of claim 1 for operating the circuit breaker. In the battery monitoring device, the voltage value of the cell voltmeter is smaller than the predetermined value, and the conductive members adjacent to each other via the unit battery corresponding to the cell voltmeter are short-circuited by the short-circuit member. The battery system in consideration of maintenance according to claim 2, wherein when it is determined that the circuit breaker is in a state, the circuit breaker is not operated. The conductive member has a plate-like shape, and an engagement hole extending orthogonally to the stacking direction of the first and second battery modules is formed.
The short-circuit member comprises a plate-like body portion, projecting from the body portion to engage the engaging hole of said conductive member so as to short the case cormorants before Kishirubeden members together next through the unit cell The battery system which considered the maintenance of any one of Claims 1-3 which has an engagement protrusion. The engagement hole constitute a circulation path of the refrigerant consisting of gas or liquid, the battery system considering maintenance of claim 4 wherein the conductive member. In the second battery module, an intermediate current collector made of a good electrical conductor is provided instead of the conductive member between the unit cells provided between adjacent unit cells , and the intermediate current collector The battery system in consideration of the maintenance according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the connection terminal is attached to the battery. The thickness of the intermediate current collector of the second battery module, and the thickness of the unit cell, equal to the sum of the thickness of one or two of the conductive member, considering the maintenance of claim 6 Battery system. A power supply system used in an electric railway substation having a transformer receiving power from an AC power line, a rectifier connected to the transformer, and a feeder connected to the rectifier ,
Ru power supply system name is directly linked to the-out wire of the battery system according to any one of claims 1-7.

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