JP5747789B2 - Polymer compound and organic photoelectric conversion device using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a polymer compound, and an organic photoelectric conversion element and an organic thin film transistor using the same.

  Organic semiconductor materials are expected to be applied to organic photoelectric conversion elements such as organic solar cells and optical sensors. In particular, when a polymer compound is used as the organic semiconductor material, the functional layer can be manufactured by an inexpensive coating method. In order to improve various characteristics of the organic photoelectric conversion element, use of organic semiconductor materials that are various polymer compounds for the organic photoelectric conversion element has been studied. As an organic semiconductor material, for example, 9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diboronic acid ester and 5,5 ″ ″-dibromo-3 ″, 4 ″ -dihexyl-α-pentathiophene are polymerized. A polymer compound has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

Special table 2007-529596 gazette

  However, the polymer compound has a problem that long-wavelength light is not sufficiently absorbed.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the high molecular compound with the large light absorbency of long wavelength light.

〔式（Ａ）及び式（Ｂ）中、Ｒ、Qは、互いに同一又は相異なり、水素原子、フッ素原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アルケニル基又は式（２）で表される基を表す。これらの基に含まれる水素原子はフッ素原子で置換されていてもよい。複数個あるＲ、Qは、それぞれ同一でも相異なっていてもよい。

（２）
（式（２）中、ｍ１は、０〜６の整数を表し、ｍ２は、０〜６の整数を表す。Ｒ’は、アルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基を表す。）〕 That is, the present invention first provides a polymer compound containing a repeating unit represented by the formula (A) and a repeating unit represented by the formula (B).

[In the formulas (A) and (B), R and Q are the same or different from each other, and each represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an alkenyl group, or the formula (2). Represents the group represented. The hydrogen atom contained in these groups may be substituted with a fluorine atom. A plurality of R and Q may be the same or different.

(2)
(In formula (2), m1 represents an integer of 0 to 6, m2 represents an integer of 0 to 6. R ′ represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group.)]

（１）

（２）
（式（２）中、ｍ１は、０〜６の整数を表し、ｍ２は、０〜６の整数を表す。Ｒ’は、アルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基を表す。）〕 Secondly, the present invention provides a polymer compound containing a repeating unit represented by the formula (1).

(1)

(2)
(In formula (2), m1 represents an integer of 0 to 6, m2 represents an integer of 0 to 6. R ′ represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group.)]

  Thirdly, the present invention provides an organic photoelectric conversion element having a pair of electrodes and a functional layer provided between the electrodes, wherein the functional layer includes an electron accepting compound and the polymer compound.

  Fourthly, the present invention provides an organic thin film transistor comprising a source electrode, a drain electrode, an organic semiconductor layer, and a gate electrode, wherein the organic semiconductor layer includes the polymer compound.

  The polymer compound of the present invention is extremely useful because it has a large absorbance for light having a long wavelength.

1 is a diagram showing an absorption spectrum of polymer compound 1. FIG. 2 is a graph showing an absorption spectrum of polymer compound 2. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an absorption spectrum of polymer compound 3. FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

〔式（Ａ）及び式（Ｂ）中、Ｒ、Qは、互いに同一又は相異なり、水素原子、フッ素原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、アルケニル基又は式（２）で表される基を表す。これらの基に含まれる水素原子はフッ素原子で置換されていてもよい。複数個あるＲ、Qは、それぞれ同一でも相異なっていてもよい。

（２）
（式（２）中、ｍ１は、０〜６の整数を表し、ｍ２は、０〜６の整数を表す。Ｒ’は、アルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基を表す。）〕 <Polymer compound>
The polymer compound of the present invention includes a repeating unit represented by the formula (A) and a repeating unit represented by the formula (B).

[In the formulas (A) and (B), R and Q are the same or different from each other, and each represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an alkenyl group, or the formula (2). Represents the group represented. The hydrogen atom contained in these groups may be substituted with a fluorine atom. A plurality of R and Q may be the same or different.

(2)
(In formula (2), m1 represents an integer of 0 to 6, m2 represents an integer of 0 to 6. R ′ represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group.)]

  Examples of the alkyl group represented by R and Q include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, Examples include n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-octyl group, iso-octyl group, n-decyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-pentadecyl group and n-octadecyl group. A hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. Examples of the alkyl group in which a hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom include a trifluoromethyl group, a pentafluoroethyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a perfluorohexyl group, and a perfluorooctyl group.

  Examples of the alkoxy group represented by R and Q include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, an iso-propoxy group, a butoxy group, an iso-butoxy group, a sec-butoxy group, a tert-butoxy group, a pentyloxy group, Examples include a hexyloxy group, a cyclohexyloxy group, a heptyloxy group, an octyloxy group, a 2-ethylhexyloxy group, a nonyloxy group, a decyloxy group, and a 3,7-dimethyloctyloxy group. A hydrogen atom in the alkoxy group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. Examples of the alkoxy group in which a hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom include a trifluoromethoxy group, a pentafluoroethoxy group, a perfluorobutoxy group, a perfluorohexyloxy group, and a perfluorooctyloxy group.

  The aryl group represented by R and Q is an atomic group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from an aromatic hydrocarbon which may have a substituent. The aryl group includes a group containing a benzene ring, a group containing a condensed ring having aromaticity, a group having a structure in which two or more benzene rings or a condensed ring having aromaticity are directly bonded, and two or more benzenes Examples include a group in which a ring or an aromatic condensed ring is bonded via a group such as vinylene. The aryl group preferably has 6 to 60 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 30 carbon atoms. A hydrogen atom in the aryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, and a 2-naphthyl group. Examples of the substituent that the aromatic hydrocarbon may have include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, an alkyl group, and an alkoxy group. Specific examples of the alkyl group and alkoxy group are the same as the specific examples of the alkyl group and alkoxy group represented by R.

  The alkenyl group represented by R and Q usually has about 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and specific examples thereof include vinyl group, 1-propylenyl group, 2-propylenyl group, 3-propylenyl group, butenyl group, pentenyl group. Hexenyl group, heptenyl group, octenyl group, and cyclohexenyl group. Alkenyl groups also include alkadienyl groups such as 1,3-butadienyl groups. The hydrogen atom in the alkenyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.

  The heteroaryl group represented by R and Q is an atomic group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from an aromatic heterocyclic compound which may have a substituent. Examples of the heteroaryl group include a chenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a furyl group, a pyridyl group, a quinolyl group, and an isoquinolyl group. The hydrogen atom in the heteroaryl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. Examples of the substituent that the aromatic heterocyclic compound may have include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, an alkyl group, and an alkoxy group. Specific examples of the alkyl group and alkoxy group are the same as the specific examples of the alkyl group and alkoxy group represented by R.

  In the group represented by the formula (2), m1 represents an integer of 0 to 6, and m2 represents an integer of 0 to 6. R 'represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heteroaryl group. The definitions and specific examples of the alkyl group, aryl group and heteroaryl group represented by R ′ are the same as the definitions and specific examples of the alkyl group, aryl group and heteroaryl group represented by R. The hydrogen atom in the group represented by the formula (2) may be substituted with a fluorine atom.

  When R and Q are an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, from the viewpoint of solubility of the polymer compound in a solvent, the alkyl group or the alkoxy group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and 2 to 18 More preferably, it is more preferably 3-12.

Examples of the repeating unit represented by the formula (A) include the following repeating units.

Examples of the repeating unit represented by the formula (B) include the following repeating units.

The total amount of the repeating unit represented by the formula (A) and the repeating unit represented by the formula (B) contained in the polymer compound of the present invention is that of the organic photoelectric conversion element having a functional layer containing the polymer compound. From the viewpoint of increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency, it is preferably 20 to 100 mol%, more preferably 30 to 100 mol%, based on the total amount of repeating units contained in the polymer compound.
The ratio of the number of repeating units represented by formula (A) contained in the polymer compound of the present invention to the number of repeating units represented by formula (B) is 1: 9 to 9: 1. 3: 7-7: 3 is preferable.

（１）
〔式（１）中、Ｑ及びＲは、前述と同じ意味を表す。〕 Another embodiment of the polymer compound of the present invention is a polymer compound containing a repeating unit represented by the formula (1).

(1)
[In Formula (1), Q and R represent the same meaning as the above-mentioned. ]

Examples of the repeating unit represented by the formula (1) include the following repeating units.

  The amount of the repeating unit represented by the formula (1) contained in the polymer compound of the present invention is selected from the viewpoint of increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of an organic photoelectric conversion device having a functional layer containing the polymer compound. The amount is preferably 20 to 100 mol%, more preferably 30 to 100 mol%, based on the total amount of repeating units contained in the compound.

The weight average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene of the polymer compound of the present invention is preferably 10 ³ to 10 ⁸ , more preferably 10 ³ to 10 ⁷ , and still more preferably 10 ³ to 10 ⁶ .

  The polymer compound of the present invention is preferably a conjugated polymer compound. Here, the conjugated polymer compound means a compound in which atoms constituting the main chain of the polymer compound are substantially conjugated.

  The polymer compound of the present invention may have a repeating unit other than the repeating unit represented by the formula (A), the repeating unit represented by the formula (B), and the repeating unit represented by the formula (1). Good. Examples of the repeating unit include an arylene group and a heteroarylene group. Examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a naphthalenediyl group, an anthracenediyl group, a pyrenediyl group, and a fluorenediyl group. Examples of the heteroarylene group include a flangyl group, a pyrrole diyl group, a pyridinediyl group, and the like.

<Method for producing polymer compound>
The polymer compound of the present invention may be produced by any method. For example, after synthesizing a monomer having a functional group suitable for the polymerization reaction to be used, the monomer is dissolved in an organic solvent, if necessary, , And can be synthesized by polymerization using a known aryl coupling reaction using a catalyst, a ligand and the like. The synthesis of the monomer can be performed, for example, with reference to the methods disclosed in JP-A Nos. 2006-182920 and 2006-335933.

  Examples of the polymerization by the aryl coupling reaction include polymerization by Stille coupling reaction, polymerization by Suzuki coupling reaction, polymerization by Yamamoto coupling reaction, and polymerization by Kumada-Tamao coupling reaction.

  Polymerization by Stille coupling reaction is necessary using palladium complexes such as palladium [tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)], [tris (dibenzylideneacetone)] dipalladium, palladium acetate, bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium dichloride as catalysts. Depending on the ligand, ligands such as triphenylphosphine, tri (2-methylphenyl) phosphine, tri (2-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, diphenylphosphinopropane, tri (cyclohexyl) phosphine, tri (tert-butyl) phosphine A monomer having an organotin residue and a monomer having a halogen atom such as a bromine atom, an iodine atom or a chlorine atom, or a sulfonate group such as a trifluoromethanesulfonate group or a p-toluenesulfonate group. This is a polymerization in which the monomer is reacted. The details of the polymerization by the Stille coupling reaction are described in, for example, Angewante Chemie International Edition, 2005, Vol. 44, p. 4442-4489.

Polymerization by Suzuki coupling reaction uses a palladium complex or nickel complex as a catalyst in the presence of an inorganic base or an organic base, and a ligand is added as necessary to have a boronic acid residue or a boric acid ester residue. This is a polymerization in which a monomer is reacted with a monomer having a halogen atom such as a bromine atom, an iodine atom or a chlorine atom, or a monomer having a sulfonate group such as a trifluoromethanesulfonate group or a p-toluenesulfonate group.
Examples of the inorganic base include sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, tripotassium phosphate, and potassium fluoride. Examples of the organic base include tetrabutylammonium fluoride, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, and tetraethylammonium hydroxide. Examples of the palladium complex include palladium [tetrakis (triphenylphosphine)], [tris (dibenzylideneacetone)] dipalladium, palladium acetate, and bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium dichloride. Examples of the nickel complex include bis (cyclooctadiene) nickel. Examples of the ligand include triphenylphosphine, tri (2-methylphenyl) phosphine, tri (2-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, diphenylphosphinopropane, tri (cyclohexyl) phosphine, and tri (tert-butyl) phosphine. It is done.
Details of the polymerization by the Suzuki coupling reaction are described in, for example, Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry (Part A: Polymer Chemistry), 2001, Vol. 39, p. 1533-1556.

Polymerization by Yamamoto coupling reaction uses a catalyst and a reducing agent to react monomers having halogen atoms, monomers having sulfonate groups such as trifluoromethanesulfonate groups, or monomers having halogen atoms and monomers having sulfonate groups. Polymerization.
Catalysts include nickel zero-valent complexes such as bis (cyclooctadiene) nickel and ligands such as bipyridyl, [bis (diphenylphosphino) ethane] nickel dichloride, [bis (diphenylphosphino) propane] nickel. A catalyst comprising a nickel complex other than a nickel zero-valent complex such as dichloride and a ligand such as triphenylphosphine, diphenylphosphinopropane, tri (cyclohexyl) phosphine, tri (tert-butyl) phosphine, if necessary. . Examples of the reducing agent include zinc and magnesium. Polymerization by the Yamamoto coupling reaction may be performed using a dehydrated solvent in the reaction, may be performed in an inert atmosphere, or may be performed by adding a dehydrating agent to the reaction system.
Details of the polymerization by Yamamoto coupling are described in, for example, Macromolecules, 1992, Vol. 25, p. 1214-1223.

  Polymerization by Kumada-Tamao coupling reaction uses a nickel catalyst such as [bis (diphenylphosphino) ethane] nickel dichloride, [bis (diphenylphosphino) propane] nickel dichloride, and a compound having a magnesium halide group and a halogen atom. Polymerization to react with the compound having For the reaction, a dehydrated solvent may be used for the reaction, the reaction may be performed in an inert atmosphere, or a dehydrating agent may be added to the reaction system.

  In the polymerization by the aryl coupling reaction, a solvent is usually used. The solvent may be selected in consideration of the polymerization reaction used, the solubility of the monomer and polymer, and the like. Specifically, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, 1,4-dioxane, dimethoxyethane, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, an organic solvent such as a mixed solvent obtained by mixing two or more of these solvents, an organic solvent Examples thereof include a solvent having two phases of a phase and an aqueous phase. The solvent used in the Stille coupling reaction is preferably an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, toluene, N, N-dimethylformamide, a mixed solvent obtained by mixing two or more of these solvents, or a solvent having two phases of an organic solvent phase and an aqueous phase. The solvent used for the Stille coupling reaction is preferably deoxygenated before the reaction in order to suppress side reactions. Solvents used in the Suzuki coupling reaction are organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, toluene, 1,4-dioxane, dimethoxyethane, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, and mixed solvents in which two or more of these solvents are mixed. A solvent and a solvent having two phases of an organic solvent phase and an aqueous phase are preferred. The solvent used for the Suzuki coupling reaction is preferably deoxygenated before the reaction in order to suppress side reactions. The solvent used for the Yamamoto coupling reaction is an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, toluene, 1,4-dioxane, dimethoxyethane, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, or a mixed solvent in which two or more of these solvents are mixed. A solvent is preferred. The solvent used for the Yamamoto coupling reaction is preferably deoxygenated before the reaction in order to suppress side reactions.

  Among the polymerizations by the aryl coupling reaction, from the viewpoint of reactivity, a method of polymerizing by a Stille coupling reaction, a method of polymerizing by a Suzuki coupling reaction, a method of polymerizing by a Yamamoto coupling reaction are preferable, and a Stille coupling reaction More preferred are a method of polymerizing, a method of polymerizing by a Suzuki coupling reaction, and a method of polymerizing by a Yamamoto coupling reaction using a nickel zero-valent complex.

  The lower limit of the reaction temperature of the aryl coupling reaction is preferably −100 ° C., more preferably −20 ° C., and particularly preferably 0 ° C. from the viewpoint of reactivity. The upper limit of the reaction temperature is preferably 200 ° C., more preferably 150 ° C., and particularly preferably 120 ° C. from the viewpoint of the stability of the monomer and the polymer compound.

  In the polymerization by the aryl coupling reaction, a known method can be used as a method for removing the polymer compound of the present invention from the reaction solution after completion of the reaction. For example, the polymer compound of the present invention can be obtained by adding a reaction solution to a lower alcohol such as methanol, filtering the deposited precipitate, and drying the filtrate. When the purity of the obtained polymer compound is low, it can be purified by recrystallization, continuous extraction with a Soxhlet extractor, column chromatography, or the like.

  When the polymer compound of the present invention is used for the production of an organic photoelectric conversion element, if a polymerization active group remains at the terminal of the polymer compound, characteristics such as durability of the organic photoelectric conversion element may be deteriorated. It is preferable to protect the terminal of the polymer compound with a stable group.

  Examples of the stable group for protecting the terminal include an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a fluoroalkyl group, a fluoroalkoxy group, an aryl group, an arylamino group, and a monovalent heterocyclic group. Examples of the arylamino group include a phenylamino group and a diphenylamino group. Examples of the monovalent heterocyclic group include thienyl group, pyrrolyl group, furyl group, pyridyl group, quinolyl group, and isoquinolyl group. Further, the polymerization active group remaining at the terminal of the polymer compound may be replaced with a hydrogen atom instead of a stable group. From the viewpoint of enhancing hole transportability, it is preferable that the stable group for protecting the terminal is a group imparting electron donating properties such as an arylamino group. When the polymer compound is a conjugated polymer compound, the end of a group having a conjugated bond in which the conjugated structure of the main chain of the polymer compound and the conjugated structure of a stable group protecting the end are continuous is also protected. It can preferably be used as a stable group. Examples of the group include an aryl group and a monovalent heterocyclic group having aromaticity.

（３）
（式（３）中、Ｑは、前述と同じ意味を表す。２個あるＱは、同一でも相異なっていてもよい。Ｚは、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子又は塩素原子を表す。２個あるＺは、同一でも相異なっていてもよい。）

（４）
（式（４）中、Ｒは前述と同じ意味を表す。２個あるＲは、同一でも相異なっていてもよい。Ｚ^２は有機スズ残基を表す。） When the polymer compound of the present invention is produced using Stille coupling, for example, the polymer compound is produced by polymerizing the compound represented by the formula (3) and the compound represented by the formula (4). be able to.

(3)
(In formula (3), Q represents the same meaning as described above. Two Qs may be the same or different. Z represents a bromine atom, an iodine atom or a chlorine atom. May be the same or different.)

(4)
(In formula (4), R represents the same meaning as described above. Two Rs may be the same or different. Z ² represents an organotin residue.)

  In the formula (3), Z is preferably a bromine atom or a chlorine atom, and more preferably a bromine atom, from the viewpoint of increasing the reactivity during polymerization. The compound represented by the formula (3) is, for example, Macromolecules, 2009, Vol. 42, No. 17, p. It can be synthesized using the method described in 6564-6571 (Macromolecules, 42 (17), 6564 (2009)).

As a compound represented by Formula (3), the following compounds are mentioned, for example.

In the formula (4), ease From the point of view of the synthesis of the compound represented by formula (4), ^{Z 2} is -SnMe _3, preferably a -SnEt ₃ or -SnBu _3. Here, Me represents a methyl group, Et represents an ethyl group, and Bu represents a butyl group.

（式（５）中、Ｒは前述と同じ意味を表す。） The compound represented by the formula (4) is prepared by, for example, reacting the compound represented by the formula (5) with an organolithium compound to produce an intermediate, and then reacting the intermediate with a trialkyltin halide. Can be manufactured.

(In formula (5), R represents the same meaning as described above.)

Examples of the organic lithium compound include n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, tert-butyllithium, and lithium diisopropylamide. Of the organic lithium compounds, n-butyllithium is preferable. Examples of the trialkyltin halide include trimethyltin chloride, triethyl chloride, and tributyl chloride.
The reaction for producing an intermediate from a compound represented by formula (5) and an organolithium compound and the reaction for producing a compound represented by formula (4) from the intermediate and trialkyltin halide are usually carried out in a solvent. Done. As the solvent, sufficiently dehydrated tetrahydrofuran, fully dehydrated 1,4-dioxane, and fully dehydrated diethyl ether are preferably used.
The temperature at which the organolithium compound and the compound represented by formula (5) are reacted is usually -100 to 50 ° C, preferably -80 to 0 ° C. The time for reacting the organolithium compound with the compound represented by the formula (5) is usually 1 minute to 10 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 5 hours. The amount of the organolithium compound to be reacted is usually 2 to 5 equivalents, preferably 2 to 3 equivalents, relative to the compound represented by the formula (5).
The temperature at the time of reacting the intermediate and the trialkyltin halide is usually −100 to 100 ° C., preferably −80 ° C. to 50 ° C. The reaction time of the intermediate and the trialkyltin halide is usually 1 minute to 30 hours, preferably 1 to 10 hours. The amount of the trialkyl tin halide to be reacted is usually 2 to 6 equivalents, preferably 2 to 3 equivalents, relative to the compound represented by the formula (5).

  After the reaction, normal post-treatment can be performed to obtain the compound represented by the formula (4). For example, after the reaction is stopped by adding water, the product is extracted with an organic solvent and the solvent is distilled off. The product can be isolated and purified by a method such as fractionation by chromatography or recrystallization.

（式（６）中、Ｒは前述と同じ意味を表す） The compound represented by the formula (5) can be produced, for example, by reacting the compound represented by the formula (6) in the presence of an acid.

(In formula (6), R represents the same meaning as described above.)

  The acid used in the reaction for producing the compound represented by formula (5) from the compound represented by formula (6) may be Lewis acid or Bronsted acid, Hydrochloric acid, bromic acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, benzoic acid, boron fluoride, aluminum chloride, tin chloride (IV), iron chloride (II), titanium tetrachloride, Examples include benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and mixtures of these compounds.

The reaction for producing the compound represented by formula (5) from the compound represented by formula (6) is preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent. The reaction temperature is preferably from −80 ° C. to the boiling point of the solvent.
Solvents used in the reaction include saturated hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane and cyclohexane, unsaturated hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloromethane, chlorobutane, bromobutane, chloro Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons such as pentane, bromopentane, chlorohexane, bromohexane, chlorocyclohexane and bromocyclohexane, halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene and trichlorobenzene, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, Alcohols such as tert-butyl alcohol, carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl-te t- butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and the like ethers such as dioxane. These solvents may be used alone or in combination.

  After the reaction, normal post-treatment can be performed to obtain the compound represented by the formula (5). For example, after the reaction is stopped by adding water, the product is extracted with an organic solvent and the solvent is distilled off. The product can be isolated and purified by a method such as fractionation by chromatography or recrystallization.

The compound represented by the formula (6) can be produced, for example, by reacting the compound represented by the formula (7) with a Grignard reagent or an organolithium (Li) compound.

  Grignard reagents used in the above reaction include methyl magnesium chloride, methyl magnesium bromide, ethyl magnesium chloride, ethyl magnesium bromide, propyl magnesium chloride, propyl magnesium bromide, butyl magnesium chloride, butyl magnesium bromide, hexyl magnesium bromide, octyl magnesium bromide, Examples include decylmagnesium bromide, allylmagnesium chloride, allylmagnesium bromide, benzylmagnesium chloride, phenylmagnesium bromide, naphthylmagnesium bromide, and tolylmagnesium bromide.

  Examples of the organic Li compound include methyl lithium, ethyl lithium, propyl lithium, butyl lithium, phenyl lithium, naphthyl lithium, benzyl lithium, and tolyl lithium.

  The reaction for producing the compound represented by the formula (6) from the compound represented by the formula (7) and a Grignard reagent or an organolithium (Li) compound is carried out in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon. It is preferable to do. Moreover, it is preferable to implement this reaction in presence of a solvent. The reaction temperature is preferably from −80 ° C. to the boiling point of the solvent.

  Solvents used in the reaction include saturated hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane and cyclohexane, unsaturated hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl-tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, And ethers such as tetrahydropyran and dioxane. These solvents may be used alone or in combination.

  After the reaction, normal post-treatment can be performed to obtain the compound represented by the formula (6). For example, after the reaction is stopped by adding water, the product is extracted with an organic solvent and the solvent is distilled off. The product can be isolated and purified by a method such as fractionation by chromatography or recrystallization.

The compound represented by the formula (7) can be produced, for example, by reacting the compound represented by the formula (8) with a peroxide.

  Examples of the peroxide include sodium perborate, m-chloroperbenzoic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and benzoyl peroxide. Preferred are sodium perborate and m-chloroperbenzoic acid, and particularly preferred is sodium perborate.

The reaction for producing the compound represented by the formula (7) from the compound represented by the formula (8) and the peroxide is carried out in the presence of a carboxylic acid solvent such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid. It is preferable.
In order to increase the solubility of the compound represented by formula (8), a mixed solvent in which one or more solvents selected from the group consisting of carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloromethane, benzene, and toluene are mixed with a carboxylic acid solvent. It is preferable to carry out the reaction. The reaction temperature is preferably 0 ° C. or higher and 50 ° C. or lower.

  After the reaction, normal post-treatment can be performed to obtain the compound represented by the formula (7). For example, after the reaction is stopped by adding water, the product is extracted with an organic solvent and the solvent is distilled off. The product can be isolated and purified by methods such as chromatographic fractionation and recrystallization.

As a compound represented by Formula (4), the following compound is mentioned, for example.

（式中、Ｂｕはｎ−ブチル基を表す。）

(In the formula, Bu represents an n-butyl group.)

<Organic photoelectric conversion element>
Since the polymer compound of the present invention has a high absorbance of light having a long wavelength such as 600 nm light and efficiently absorbs sunlight, an organic photoelectric conversion element manufactured using the polymer compound of the present invention has a short-circuit current. Density increases. In addition, the polymer compound of the present invention has a large ionization potential and can provide a large open-circuit voltage.

The organic photoelectric conversion device of the present invention has a pair of electrodes and a functional layer between the electrodes, and the functional layer contains the electron-accepting compound and the polymer compound of the present invention. As an electron-accepting compound, fullerene and a fullerene derivative are preferable. As a specific example of the organic photoelectric conversion element,
1. An organic photoelectric conversion element having a pair of electrodes and a functional layer between the electrodes, the functional layer containing an electron-accepting compound and the polymer compound of the present invention;
2. An organic photoelectric conversion element comprising a pair of electrodes and a functional layer between the electrodes, the functional layer containing an electron-accepting compound and the polymer compound of the present invention, wherein the electron-accepting compound is a fullerene An organic photoelectric conversion element which is a derivative;
Is mentioned. In general, at least one of the pair of electrodes is transparent or translucent. Hereinafter, this case will be described as an example.

  1 above. In the organic photoelectric conversion element, the amount of the electron-accepting compound in the functional layer containing the electron-accepting compound and the polymer compound is 10 to 1000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer compound. Is preferable, and it is more preferable that it is 20-500 weight part. In addition, 2. In the organic photoelectric conversion element, the amount of the fullerene derivative in the functional layer containing the fullerene derivative and the polymer compound is preferably 10 to 1000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer. More preferably, it is 500 parts by weight. From the viewpoint of increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency, the amount of the fullerene derivative in the functional layer is preferably 20 to 400 parts by weight and more preferably 40 to 250 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer. Preferably, it is 80 to 120 parts by weight. From the viewpoint of increasing the short-circuit current density, the amount of the fullerene derivative in the functional layer is preferably 20 to 250 parts by weight and more preferably 40 to 120 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer. preferable.

  In order for the organic photoelectric conversion element to have high photoelectric conversion efficiency, an absorption region in which the electron-accepting compound and the polymer compound represented by the formula (1) can efficiently absorb a spectrum of desired incident light is provided. It is important that the heterojunction interface contains many heterojunction interfaces in order to efficiently separate excitons, and that the heterojunction interface has a charge transporting property to quickly transport the charges generated by the heterojunction interface to the electrode. is there.

  From such a viewpoint, as the organic photoelectric conversion element, the above 1. , 2. From the standpoint of including a large number of heterojunction interfaces, the organic photoelectric conversion element is preferable. The organic photoelectric conversion element is more preferable. Further, in the organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention, an additional layer may be provided between at least one electrode and the functional layer in the element. Examples of the additional layer include a charge transport layer that transports holes or electrons, and a buffer layer.

  The organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention is usually formed on a substrate. The substrate may be any substrate that does not chemically change when an electrode is formed and an organic layer is formed. Examples of the material for the substrate include glass, plastic, polymer film, and silicon. In the case of an opaque substrate, the opposite electrode (that is, the electrode far from the substrate) is preferably transparent or translucent.

As a material for the pair of electrodes, a metal, a conductive polymer, or the like can be used. The material of one of the pair of electrodes is preferably a material having a low work function. For example, metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminum, scandium, vanadium, zinc, yttrium, indium, cerium, samarium, europium, terbium, ytterbium, and those metals An alloy of two or more of these metals, or one or more of those metals and one or more of gold, silver, platinum, copper, manganese, titanium, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, tin An alloy with metal, graphite, a graphite intercalation compound, or the like is used. Examples of the alloy include magnesium-silver alloy, magnesium-indium alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy, indium-silver alloy, lithium-aluminum alloy, lithium-magnesium alloy, lithium-indium alloy, and calcium-aluminum alloy.
Examples of the material of the transparent or translucent electrode include a conductive metal oxide film and a translucent metal thin film. Specifically, a film formed using a conductive material made of indium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, and indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide, etc., which is a composite thereof, NESA Gold, platinum, silver, and copper are used, and ITO, indium / zinc / oxide, and tin oxide are preferable. Examples of the method for producing the electrode include a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a plating method, and the like. Moreover, you may use organic transparent conductive films, such as polyaniline and its derivative (s), polythiophene, and its derivative (s) as an electrode material.

As a material used for the charge transport layer as the additional layer, that is, the hole transport layer or the electron transport layer, an electron donating compound and an electron accepting compound described later can be used, respectively.
As a material used for the buffer layer as an additional layer, halides or oxides of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals such as lithium fluoride can be used. In addition, fine particles of an inorganic semiconductor such as titanium oxide can be used.

<Organic thin film>
As the functional layer in the organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention, for example, an organic thin film containing the polymer compound of the present invention and an electron-accepting compound can be used.

  The organic thin film has a thickness of usually 1 nm to 100 μm, preferably 2 nm to 1000 nm, more preferably 5 nm to 500 nm, and further preferably 20 nm to 200 nm.

  The organic thin film may contain the polymer compound alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, in order to improve the hole transport property of the organic thin film, a low molecular compound and / or a high molecular compound other than the high molecular compound can be mixed and used as the electron donating compound in the organic thin film.

  Examples of the electron-donating compound that the organic thin film may contain in addition to the polymer compound having the repeating unit represented by the formula (1) include, for example, pyrazoline derivatives, arylamine derivatives, stilbene derivatives, triphenyldiamine derivatives, oligos. Thiophene and derivatives thereof, polyvinylcarbazole and derivatives thereof, polysilane and derivatives thereof, polysiloxane derivatives having aromatic amines in the side chain or main chain, polyaniline and derivatives thereof, polythiophene and derivatives thereof, polypyrrole and derivatives thereof, polyphenylene vinylene and derivatives thereof Derivatives, polythienylene vinylene and its derivatives.

Examples of the electron-accepting compound include oxadiazole derivatives, anthraquinodimethane and derivatives thereof, benzoquinone and derivatives thereof, naphthoquinone and derivatives thereof, anthraquinones and derivatives thereof, tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane and derivatives thereof, and fluorenone derivatives. , diphenyldicyanoethylene and derivatives thereof, diphenoquinone derivatives, 8-hydroxyquinoline and metal complexes of derivatives thereof, polyquinoline and derivatives thereof, polyquinoxaline and its derivatives, polyfluorene and its derivatives, fullerene and derivatives thereof such as C _60, carbon nanotube And phenanthroline derivatives such as 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, and fullerene and derivatives thereof are particularly preferable.

  The electron-donating compound and the electron-accepting compound are relatively determined from the energy levels of these compounds.

Fullerenes and derivatives thereof include C ₆₀ , C ₇₀ , C ₈₄ and derivatives thereof. A fullerene derivative represents a compound in which at least a part of fullerene is modified.

（Ｉ） （ＩＩ） （ＩＩＩ） （ＩＶ）
（式（Ｉ）〜（ＩＶ）中、Ｒ^ａは、アルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基又はエステル構造を有する基である。複数個あるＲ^ａは、同一であっても相異なってもよい。Ｒ^ｂはアルキル基又はアリール基を表す。複数個あるＲ^ｂは、同一であっても相異なってもよい。） Examples of the fullerene derivative include a compound represented by the formula (I), a compound represented by the formula (II), a compound represented by the formula (III), and a compound represented by the formula (IV).

(I) (II) (III) (IV)
(In formulas (I) to (IV), R ^a is an alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group or group having an ester structure. A plurality of R ^a may be the same or different. R ^b represents an alkyl group or an aryl group, and a plurality of R ^b may be the same or different.)

The definitions and specific examples of the alkyl group, aryl group and heteroaryl group represented by R ^a and R ^b are the same as the definitions and specific examples of the alkyl group, aryl group and heteroaryl group represented by R.

（Ｖ）
（式（Ｖ）中、ｕ１は、１〜６の整数を表す、ｕ２は、０〜６の整数を表す、Ｒ^ｃは、アルキル基、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基を表す。） Examples of the group having an ester structure represented by ^Ra include a group represented by the formula (V).

(V)
(In formula (V), u1 represents an integer of 1 to 6, u2 represents an integer of 0 to 6, and R ^c represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group.)

The definitions and specific examples of the alkyl group, aryl group and heteroaryl group represented by R ^c are the same as the definitions and specific examples of the alkyl group, aryl group and heteroaryl group represented by R.

Specific examples of the C ₆₀ derivative include the following.

Specific examples of the C ₇₀ derivative include the following.

<Method for producing organic thin film>
The organic thin film may be produced by any method. For example, the organic thin film may be produced by a film formation method from a solution containing the polymer compound of the present invention, or an organic thin film may be formed by a vacuum deposition method. Good. Examples of the method for producing an organic thin film by film formation from a solution include a method of producing an organic thin film by applying the solution on one electrode and then evaporating the solvent.

  The solvent used for film formation from a solution is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the polymer compound of the present invention. Examples of the solvent include unsaturated hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene, mesitylene, tetralin, decalin, bicyclohexyl, n-butylbenzene, sec-butylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloromethane. Halogenated saturated hydrocarbon solvents such as dichloroethane, chlorobutane, bromobutane, chloropentane, bromopentane, chlorohexane, bromohexane, chlorocyclohexane and bromocyclohexane, and halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene and trichlorobenzene Examples of the solvent include ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran. The polymer compound of the present invention can usually be dissolved in the solvent in an amount of 0.1% by weight or more.

  For film formation from solution, spin coating method, casting method, micro gravure coating method, gravure coating method, bar coating method, roll coating method, wire bar coating method, dip coating method, spray coating method, screen printing method, flexographic method Coating methods such as a printing method, an offset printing method, an ink jet printing method, a dispenser printing method, a nozzle coating method, a capillary coating method can be used, and a spin coating method, a flexographic printing method, an ink jet printing method, and a dispenser printing method are preferable.

<Application of device>
By irradiating light such as sunlight from a transparent or translucent electrode, the organic photoelectric conversion element generates a photovoltaic force between the electrodes and can be operated as an organic thin film solar cell. It can also be used as an organic thin film solar cell module by integrating a plurality of organic thin film solar cells.

  In addition, by applying light from a transparent or translucent electrode in a state where a voltage is applied between the electrodes, a photocurrent flows and it can be operated as an organic photosensor. It can also be used as an organic image sensor by integrating a plurality of organic photosensors.

<Organic transistor>
The organic thin film transistor of the present invention includes a source electrode, a drain electrode, an organic semiconductor layer, and a gate electrode, and the organic semiconductor layer is represented by the repeating unit represented by the formula (A) and the formula (B). A polymer compound containing a repeating unit is contained.
Since the polymer compound of the present invention has high charge mobility, the organic thin film transistor having the organic semiconductor layer containing the polymer compound of the present invention has high field effect mobility.

  Examples will be shown below for illustrating the present invention in more detail, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

The polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of the polymer compound was determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC).
Column: TOSOH TSKgel SuperHM-H (2) + TSKgel SuperH2000 (4.6 mm Id x 15 cm); Detector: RI (SHIMADZU RID-10A); Mobile phase: Tetrahydrofuran (THF)

フラスコ内の気体をアルゴンで置換した１０００ｍＬの４つ口フラスコに、３−ブロモチオフェンを１３．０ｇ（８０．０ｍｍｏｌ）、ジエチルエーテルを８０ｍＬ入れて均一な溶液とした。該溶液を−７８℃に保ったまま、２．６Ｍのｎ−ブチルリチウム（ｎ−ＢｕＬｉ）のヘキサン溶液を３１ｍＬ（８０．６ｍｍｏｌ）滴下した。−７８℃で２時間反応させた後、８．９６ｇの３−チオフェンアルデヒド（８０．０ｍｍｏｌ)を２０ｍＬのジエチルエーテルに溶解させた溶液を反応液に滴下した。滴下後、反応液を−７８℃で３０分攪拌し、さらに室温（２５℃）で３０分攪拌した。反応液を再度−７８℃に冷却し、２．６Ｍのｎ−ＢｕＬｉのヘキサン溶液６２ｍＬ（１６１ｍｍｏｌ）を１５分かけて滴下した。滴下後、反応液を−２５℃で２時間攪拌し、さらに室温（２５℃）で１時間攪拌した。その後、反応液を−２５℃に冷却し、６０ｇのヨウ素(２３６ｍｍｏｌ)を１０００ｍＬのジエチルエーテルに溶解させた溶液を３０分かけて滴下した。滴下後、反応液を室温（２５℃）で２時間攪拌し、１規定のチオ硫酸ナトリウム水溶液５０ｍＬを加えて反応を停止させた。反応液にジエチルエーテルを加え、反応生成物を含む有機層を抽出した後、硫酸マグネシウムで反応生成物を含む有機層を乾燥し、有機層をろ過後、ろ液を濃縮して３５gの粗生成物を得た。クロロホルムを用いて粗生成物を再結晶させることにより精製し、化合物１を２８ｇ得た。 Reference example 1
(Synthesis of Compound 1)

A 1000 mL four-necked flask in which the gas in the flask was replaced with argon was charged with 13.0 g (80.0 mmol) of 3-bromothiophene and 80 mL of diethyl ether to obtain a uniform solution. While maintaining the solution at −78 ° C., 31 mL (80.6 mmol) of 2.6M n-butyllithium (n-BuLi) in hexane was added dropwise. After reacting at −78 ° C. for 2 hours, a solution prepared by dissolving 8.96 g of 3-thiophenaldehyde (80.0 mmol) in 20 mL of diethyl ether was added dropwise to the reaction solution. After dropping, the reaction solution was stirred at -78 ° C for 30 minutes, and further stirred at room temperature (25 ° C) for 30 minutes. The reaction solution was cooled again to −78 ° C., and 62 mL (161 mmol) of 2.6 M n-BuLi in hexane was added dropwise over 15 minutes. After dropping, the reaction solution was stirred at −25 ° C. for 2 hours, and further stirred at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 1 hour. Thereafter, the reaction solution was cooled to −25 ° C., and a solution obtained by dissolving 60 g of iodine (236 mmol) in 1000 mL of diethyl ether was added dropwise over 30 minutes. After the dropwise addition, the reaction solution was stirred at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 2 hours, and 50 mL of 1N aqueous sodium thiosulfate solution was added to stop the reaction. After adding diethyl ether to the reaction solution and extracting the organic layer containing the reaction product, the organic layer containing the reaction product is dried over magnesium sulfate, and after filtering the organic layer, the filtrate is concentrated to give 35 g of crude product. I got a thing. The crude product was purified by recrystallization using chloroform to obtain 28 g of Compound 1.

３００ｍＬの４つ口フラスコに、参考例１で合成したビスヨードチエニルメタノール（化合物１）を１０ｇ(２２．３ｍｍｏｌ)、塩化メチレンを１５０ｍＬ加えて均一な溶液とした。該溶液にクロロクロム酸ピリジニウムを７．５０ｇ(３４．８ｍｍｏｌ)加え、室温（２５℃）で１０時間攪拌した。反応液をろ過して不溶物を除去後、ろ液を濃縮し、化合物２を１０．０ｇ（２２．４ｍｍｏｌ）得た。 Reference example 2
(Synthesis of Compound 2)

To a 300 mL four-necked flask, 10 g (22.3 mmol) of bisiodothienylmethanol (compound 1) synthesized in Reference Example 1 and 150 mL of methylene chloride were added to obtain a uniform solution. To the solution, 7.50 g (34.8 mmol) of pyridinium chlorochromate was added and stirred at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 10 hours. The reaction solution was filtered to remove insoluble matters, and then the filtrate was concentrated to obtain 10.0 g (22.4 mmol) of Compound 2.

フラスコ内の気体をアルゴンで置換した３００ｍＬフラスコに、参考例２で合成した化合物２を１０．０ｇ(２２．３ｍｍｏｌ)、銅粉末を６．０ｇ（９４．５ｍｍｏｌ）、脱水Ｎ，Ｎ−ジメチルホルムアミド（以下、ＤＭＦと呼称することもある）を１２０ｍＬ加えて、１２０℃で４時間攪拌した。反応後、フラスコを室温（２５℃）まで冷却し、反応液をシリカゲルカラムに通して不溶成分を除去した。その後、反応液に水５００ｍＬを加え、さらにクロロホルムを加え、反応生成物を含む有機層を抽出した。クロロホルム溶液である有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、有機層をろ過し、ろ液を濃縮して粗製物を得た。粗製物を展開液がクロロホルムであるシリカゲルカラムで精製し、化合物３を３．２６ｇ得た。 Reference example 3
(Synthesis of Compound 3)

In a 300 mL flask in which the gas in the flask was replaced with argon, 10.0 g (22.3 mmol) of Compound 2 synthesized in Reference Example 2, 6.0 g (94.5 mmol) of copper powder, dehydrated N, N-dimethylformamide 120 mL of (hereinafter also referred to as DMF) was added and stirred at 120 ° C. for 4 hours. After the reaction, the flask was cooled to room temperature (25 ° C.), and the reaction solution was passed through a silica gel column to remove insoluble components. Thereafter, 500 mL of water was added to the reaction solution, and chloroform was further added to extract an organic layer containing the reaction product. The organic layer as a chloroform solution was dried over magnesium sulfate, the organic layer was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain a crude product. The crude product was purified with a silica gel column whose developing solution was chloroform, and 3.26 g of compound 3 was obtained.

メカニカルスターラーを備え、フラスコ内の気体をアルゴンで置換した３００ｍＬ４つ口フラスコに、参考例３で合成した化合物３を３．８５ｇ（２０．０ｍｍｏｌ）、クロロホルムを５０ｍＬ、トリフルオロ酢酸を５０ｍＬ入れて均一な溶液とした。該溶液に過ホウ酸ナトリウム１水和物を５．９９ｇ(６０ｍｍｏｌ)加え、室温（２５℃）で４５分間攪拌した。その後、反応液に水２００ｍＬを加え、さらにクロロホルムを加え、反応生成物を含む有機層を抽出した。クロロホルム溶液である有機層をシリカゲルカラムに通し、エバポレーターでろ液の溶媒を留去した。メタノールを用いて残渣を再結晶させ、化合物４を５３４ｍｇ得た。 Reference example 4
(Synthesis of Compound 4)

A 300 mL four-neck flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and substituted with argon in the flask was uniformly charged with 3.85 g (20.0 mmol) of Compound 3 synthesized in Reference Example 3, 50 mL of chloroform, and 50 mL of trifluoroacetic acid. Solution. To the solution, 5.99 g (60 mmol) of sodium perborate monohydrate was added and stirred at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 45 minutes. Thereafter, 200 mL of water was added to the reaction solution, chloroform was further added, and the organic layer containing the reaction product was extracted. The organic layer, which is a chloroform solution, was passed through a silica gel column, and the solvent of the filtrate was distilled off with an evaporator. The residue was recrystallized using methanol to obtain 534 mg of compound 4.

¹ H NMR in CDCl ₃ (ppm): 7.64 (d, 1H), 7.43 (d, 1H), 7.27 (d, 1H), 7.10 (d, 1H)

フラスコ内の気体をアルゴンで置換した１００ｍＬ四つ口フラスコに、化合物４を１．００ｇ（４．８０ｍｍｏｌ）と脱水ＴＨＦを３０ｍｌ入れて均一な溶液とした。フラスコを−２０℃に保ちながら、反応液に１Ｍの３，７−ジメチルオクチルマグネシウムブロミドのエーテル溶液を１２．７ｍＬ加えた。その後、３０分かけて温度を−５℃まで上げ、そのままの温度で反応液を３０分攪拌した。その後、１０分かけて温度を０℃に上げ、そのままの温度で反応液を１．５時間攪拌した。その後、反応液に水を加えて反応を停止し、さらに酢酸エチルを加え、反応生成物を含む有機層を抽出した。酢酸エチル溶液である有機層を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、有機層をろ過後、酢酸エチル溶液をシリカゲルカラムに通し、ろ液の溶媒を留去し、化合物５を１．５０ｇ得た。 Reference Example 5
(Synthesis of Compound 5)

A 100 mL four-necked flask in which the gas in the flask was replaced with argon was charged with 1.00 g (4.80 mmol) of Compound 4 and 30 ml of dehydrated THF to obtain a uniform solution. While maintaining the flask at −20 ° C., 12.7 mL of a 1M 3,7-dimethyloctylmagnesium bromide ether solution was added to the reaction solution. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to −5 ° C. over 30 minutes, and the reaction solution was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to 0 ° C. over 10 minutes, and the reaction solution was stirred at the same temperature for 1.5 hours. Thereafter, water was added to the reaction solution to stop the reaction, and ethyl acetate was further added to extract an organic layer containing the reaction product. The organic layer, which is an ethyl acetate solution, was dried over sodium sulfate, and the organic layer was filtered. Then, the ethyl acetate solution was passed through a silica gel column, and the solvent of the filtrate was distilled off to obtain 1.50 g of compound 5.

¹ H NMR in CDCl ₃ (ppm): 8.42 (b, 1H), 7.25 (d, 1H), 7.20 (d, 1H), 6.99 (d, 1H), 6.76 ( d, 1H), 2.73 (b, 1H), 1.90 (m, 4H), 1.58-1.02 (b, 20H), 0.92 (s, 6H), 0.88 (s) , 12H)

フラスコ内の気体をアルゴンで置換した２００ｍＬフラスコに、化合物５を１．５０ｇ、トルエンを３０ｍＬ入れて均一な溶液とした。該溶液にｐ−トルエンスルホン酸ナトリウム１水和物を１００ｍｇ入れて１００℃で１．５時間攪拌を行った。反応液を室温（２５℃）まで冷却後、水５０ｍＬを加え、さらにトルエンを加えて反応生成物を含む有機層を抽出した。トルエン溶液である有機層を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、有機層をろ過後、溶媒を留去した。得られた粗生成物を、展開溶媒がヘキサンであるシリカゲルカラムで生成し、化合物６を１．３３ｇ得た。ここまでの操作を複数回行った。 Reference Example 6
(Synthesis of Compound 6)

In a 200 mL flask in which the gas in the flask was replaced with argon, 1.50 g of Compound 5 and 30 mL of toluene were added to obtain a uniform solution. 100 mg of sodium p-toluenesulfonate monohydrate was added to the solution, and the mixture was stirred at 100 ° C. for 1.5 hours. After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature (25 ° C.), 50 mL of water was added, and toluene was further added to extract the organic layer containing the reaction product. The organic layer which is a toluene solution was dried with sodium sulfate, the organic layer was filtered, and then the solvent was distilled off. The obtained crude product was produced on a silica gel column whose developing solvent was hexane, and 1.33 g of compound 6 was obtained. The operation so far was performed several times.

¹ H NMR in CDCl ₃ (ppm): 6.98 (d, 1H), 6.93 (d, 1H), 6.68 (d, 1H), 6.59 (d, 1H), 1.89 ( m, 4H), 1.58-1.00 (b, 20H), 0.87 (s, 6H), 0.86 (s, 12H)

フラスコ内の気体をアルゴンで置換した２００ｍＬフラスコに、化合物６を２．１６ｇ(４．５５ ｍｍｏｌ)、脱水ＴＨＦを１００ｍＬ入れて均一な溶液とした。該溶液を−７８℃に保ち、該溶液に２．６Ｍのｎ−ブチルリチウムのヘキサン溶液４．３７ｍＬ（１１．４ｍｍｏｌ）を１０分かけて滴下した。滴下後、反応液を−７８℃で３０分攪拌し、次いで、室温（２５℃）で２時間攪拌した。その後、フラスコを−７８℃に冷却し、反応液にトリブチルスズクロリドを４．０７ｇ（１２．５ｍｍｏｌ）加えた。添加後、反応液を−７８℃で３０分攪拌し、次いで、室温（２５℃）で３時間攪拌した。その後、反応液に水２００ｍｌを加えて反応を停止し、酢酸エチルを加えて反応生成物を含む有機層を抽出した。酢酸エチル溶液である有機層を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、有機層をろ過後、ろ液をエバポレーターで濃縮し、溶媒を留去した。得られたオイル状の物質を展開溶媒がヘキサンであるシリカゲルカラムで精製した。シリカゲルカラムのシリカゲルには、あらかじめ５ｗｔ％のトリエチルアミンを含むヘキサンに５分間浸し、その後、ヘキサンで濯いだシリカゲルを用いた。精製後、化合物７を３．５２ｇ（３．３４ｍｍｏｌ）得た。 Reference Example 7
(Synthesis of Compound 7)

Into a 200 mL flask in which the gas in the flask was replaced with argon, 2.16 g (4.55 mmol) of Compound 6 and 100 mL of dehydrated THF were added to obtain a uniform solution. The solution was kept at −78 ° C., and 4.37 mL (11.4 mmol) of a 2.6M n-butyllithium hexane solution was added dropwise to the solution over 10 minutes. After the addition, the reaction solution was stirred at -78 ° C for 30 minutes, and then stirred at room temperature (25 ° C) for 2 hours. Thereafter, the flask was cooled to −78 ° C., and 4.07 g (12.5 mmol) of tributyltin chloride was added to the reaction solution. After the addition, the reaction solution was stirred at −78 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then stirred at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 3 hours. Thereafter, 200 ml of water was added to the reaction solution to stop the reaction, and ethyl acetate was added to extract an organic layer containing the reaction product. The organic layer, which is an ethyl acetate solution, was dried over sodium sulfate, the organic layer was filtered, the filtrate was concentrated with an evaporator, and the solvent was distilled off. The obtained oily substance was purified by a silica gel column whose developing solvent was hexane. As the silica gel of the silica gel column, silica gel previously immersed in hexane containing 5 wt% triethylamine for 5 minutes and then rinsed with hexane was used. After purification, 3.52 g (3.34 mmol) of compound 7 was obtained.

７ ８
フラスコ内の気体をアルゴンで置換した１００ｍＬフラスコに、化合物７を３００ｍｇ（０．２８５ｍｍｏｌ）、Synlett. 9, 1450-1452 (1999)に記載の方法で合成した化合物８を８５ｍｇ（０．２７４ｍｍｏｌ）、トルエン２０ｍｌを入れて均一溶液とした。得られたトルエン溶液を、アルゴンで３０分バブリングした。その後、トルエン溶液に、トリス（ジベンジリデンアセトン）ジパラジウムを３．７７ｍｇ（０．００４１ｍｍｏｌ）、トリス(２−トルイル)ホスフィン７．５ｍｇ（０．０２５ｍｍｏｌ）を加え、１００℃で６時間攪拌した。その後、反応液にフェニルブロミドを７９ｍｇ加え、さらに４時間攪拌した。その後、フラスコを２５℃に冷却し、反応液をメタノール２００ｍＬに注いだ。析出したポリマーをろ過して回収し、得られたポリマーを、円筒ろ紙に入れ、ソックスレー抽出器を用いて、メタノール、アセトン及びヘキサンでそれぞれ５時間抽出した。円筒ろ紙内に残ったポリマーを、ｏ−ジクロロベンゼン２０ｍＬに溶解させ、ジエチルジチオカルバミン酸ナトリウム２ｇと水４０ｍＬを加え、８時間還流下で攪拌を行った。水層を除去後、有機層を水５０ｍｌで２回洗浄し、次いで、３ｗｔ%の酢酸水溶液５０ｍＬで２回洗浄し、次いで、水５０ｍＬで２回洗浄し、得られた溶液をメタノールに注いでポリマーを析出させた。ポリマーをろ過後、乾燥し、得られたポリマーをｏ−ジクロロベンゼン２０ｍＬに再度溶解し、アルミナ／シリカゲルカラムを通した。得られた溶液をメタノールに注いでポリマーを析出させ、ポリマーをろ過後、乾燥し、精製された重合体７２ｍｇを得た。以下、この重合体を高分子化合物１と呼称する。ＧＰＣで測定した高分子化合物１の分子量（ポリスチレン換算）はＭｗ＝１５０００、Ｍｎ＝４９００であった。 Example 1
(Synthesis of polymer compound 1)

7 8
In a 100 mL flask in which the gas in the flask was replaced with argon, 300 mg (0.285 mmol) of Compound 7 and 85 mg (0.274 mmol) of Compound 8 synthesized by the method described in Synlett. 9, 1450-1452 (1999), 20 ml of toluene was added to make a uniform solution. The resulting toluene solution was bubbled with argon for 30 minutes. Thereafter, 3.77 mg (0.0041 mmol) of tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 7.5 mg (0.025 mmol) of tris (2-toluyl) phosphine were added to the toluene solution, and the mixture was stirred at 100 ° C. for 6 hours. Thereafter, 79 mg of phenyl bromide was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was further stirred for 4 hours. Thereafter, the flask was cooled to 25 ° C., and the reaction solution was poured into 200 mL of methanol. The precipitated polymer was collected by filtration, and the obtained polymer was put into a cylindrical filter paper and extracted with methanol, acetone and hexane for 5 hours each using a Soxhlet extractor. The polymer remaining in the cylindrical filter paper was dissolved in 20 mL of o-dichlorobenzene, 2 g of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate and 40 mL of water were added, and the mixture was stirred under reflux for 8 hours. After removing the aqueous layer, the organic layer was washed twice with 50 ml of water, then twice with 50 mL of a 3 wt% aqueous acetic acid solution, then twice with 50 mL of water, and the resulting solution was poured into methanol. A polymer was precipitated. The polymer was filtered and dried, and the resulting polymer was dissolved again in 20 mL of o-dichlorobenzene and passed through an alumina / silica gel column. The obtained solution was poured into methanol to precipitate a polymer, and the polymer was filtered and dried to obtain 72 mg of a purified polymer. Hereinafter, this polymer is referred to as polymer compound 1. The molecular weight (polystyrene conversion) of the high molecular compound 1 measured by GPC was Mw = 15000 and Mn = 4900.

７ ９
フラスコ内の気体をアルゴンで置換した１００ｍＬフラスコに、化合物７を１６０ｍｇ（０．１５２ｍｍｏｌ）、特開２００６−２４８９４４に記載の方法で合成した化合物９を５０ｍｇ（０．１４５ｍｍｏｌ）、トルエン１２ｍｌを入れて均一溶液とした。得られたトルエン溶液を、アルゴンで３０分バブリングした。その後、トルエン溶液に、トリス（ジベンジリデンアセトン）ジパラジウムを１．９９ｍｇ（０．００２２ｍｍｏｌ）、トリス(２−トルイル)ホスフィン４．０ｍｇ（０．０１３ｍｍｏｌ）を加え、１００℃で８時間攪拌した。その後、反応液にフェニルブロミドを５５ｍｇ加え、さらに４時間攪拌した。その後、フラスコを２５℃に冷却し、反応液をメタノール１００ｍＬに注いだ。析出したポリマーをろ過して回収し、得られたポリマーを、円筒ろ紙に入れ、ソックスレー抽出器を用いて、メタノールおよびアセトンでそれぞれ５時間抽出した。円筒ろ紙内に残ったポリマーを、ｏ−ジクロロベンゼン１０ｍＬに溶解させ、ジエチルジチオカルバミン酸ナトリウム０．５ｇと水２０ｍＬを加え、８時間還流下で攪拌を行った。水層を除去後、有機層を水５０ｍｌで２回洗浄し、次いで、３ｗｔ%の酢酸水溶液５０ｍＬで２回洗浄し、次いで、水５０ｍＬで２回洗浄し、得られた溶液をメタノールに注いでポリマーを析出させた。ポリマーをろ過後、乾燥し、得られたポリマーをｏ−ジクロロベンゼン１０ｍＬに再度溶解し、アルミナ／シリカゲルカラムを通した。得られた溶液をメタノールに注いでポリマーを析出させ、ポリマーをろ過後、乾燥し、精製された重合体８８ｍｇを得た。以下、この重合体を高分子化合物２と呼称する。ＧＰＣで測定した高分子化合物２の分子量（ポリスチレン換算）はＭｗ＝２００００、Ｍｎ＝６３００であった。 Example 2
(Synthesis of polymer compound 2)

7 9
In a 100 mL flask in which the gas in the flask was replaced with argon, 160 mg (0.152 mmol) of compound 7, 50 mg (0.145 mmol) of compound 9 synthesized by the method described in JP-A-2006-248944, and 12 ml of toluene were added. A homogeneous solution was obtained. The resulting toluene solution was bubbled with argon for 30 minutes. Thereafter, 1.99 mg (0.0022 mmol) of tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 4.0 mg (0.013 mmol) of tris (2-toluyl) phosphine were added to the toluene solution, and the mixture was stirred at 100 ° C. for 8 hours. Thereafter, 55 mg of phenyl bromide was added to the reaction solution, followed by further stirring for 4 hours. Thereafter, the flask was cooled to 25 ° C., and the reaction solution was poured into 100 mL of methanol. The precipitated polymer was recovered by filtration, and the obtained polymer was put into a cylindrical filter paper and extracted with methanol and acetone for 5 hours using a Soxhlet extractor. The polymer remaining in the cylindrical filter paper was dissolved in 10 mL of o-dichlorobenzene, 0.5 g of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate and 20 mL of water were added, and the mixture was stirred under reflux for 8 hours. After removing the aqueous layer, the organic layer was washed twice with 50 ml of water, then twice with 50 mL of a 3 wt% aqueous acetic acid solution, then twice with 50 mL of water, and the resulting solution was poured into methanol. A polymer was precipitated. The polymer was filtered and dried, and the resulting polymer was dissolved again in 10 mL of o-dichlorobenzene and passed through an alumina / silica gel column. The obtained solution was poured into methanol to precipitate a polymer, and the polymer was filtered and dried to obtain 88 mg of a purified polymer. Hereinafter, this polymer is referred to as polymer compound 2. The molecular weight (polystyrene conversion) of the high molecular compound 2 measured by GPC was Mw = 20000 and Mn = 6300.

フラスコ内の気体をアルゴンで置換した２Ｌ四つ口フラスコに、化合物（Ｅ）を７．９２８ｇ（１６．７２ｍｍｏｌ）、化合物（Ｆ）を１３．００ｇ（１７．６０ｍｍｏｌ）、トリオクチルメチルアンモニウムクロリド（商品名Ａｌｉｑｕａｔ３３６（登録商標）、アルドリッチ社製、CH₃N[(CH₂)₇CH₃]₃Cl、density 0.884g/ml、25℃）を４．９７９ｇ、及びトルエンを４０５ｍｌ入れ、撹拌しながら反応系内を３０分間アルゴンバブリングした。フラスコ内にジクロロビス（トリフェニルホスフィン）パラジウム（ＩＩ）を０．０２ｇ加え、１０５℃に昇温し、撹拌しながら２ｍｏｌ／Ｌの炭酸ナトリウム水溶液４２．２ｍｌを滴下した。滴下終了後５時間反応させ、その後、フェニルボロン酸２．６ｇとトルエン１．８ｍｌとを加え、１０５℃で１６時間撹拌した。その後、反応液にトルエン７００ｍｌ及び７．５ｗｔ％のジエチルジチオカルバミン酸ナトリウム三水和物水溶液２００ｍｌを加え、８５℃で３時間撹拌した。反応液の水層を除去後、有機層を６０℃のイオン交換水３００ｍｌで２回、６０℃の３ｗｔ％酢酸３００ｍｌで１回、さらに６０℃のイオン交換水３００ｍｌで３回洗浄した。有機層をセライト、アルミナ及びシリカを充填したカラムに通し、ろ液を回収した。その後、熱トルエン８００ｍｌでカラムを洗浄し、洗浄後のトルエン溶液をろ液に加えた。得られた溶液を７００ｍｌまで濃縮した後、濃縮した溶液を２Ｌのメタノールに加え、重合体を再沈殿させた。重合体をろ過して回収し、５００ｍｌのメタノール、５００ｍｌのアセトン、５００ｍｌのメタノールで重合体を洗浄した。重合体を５０℃で一晩真空乾燥することにより、ペンタチエニル−フルオレンコポリマー（高分子化合物３）１２．２１ｇを得た。高分子化合物３のポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量は１．１×１０⁵であった。 Reference Example 8
(Synthesis of polymer compound 3)

Into a 2 L four-necked flask in which the gas in the flask was replaced with argon, 7.928 g (16.72 mmol) of compound (E), 13.00 g (17.60 mmol) of compound (F), trioctylmethylammonium chloride ( 4.979 g of trade name Aliquat 336 (registered trademark), manufactured by Aldrich, CH ₃ N [(CH ₂ ) ₇ CH ₃ ] ₃ Cl, density 0.884 g / ml, 25 ° C.) and 405 ml of toluene are added and stirred. The reaction system was bubbled with argon for 30 minutes. 0.02 g of dichlorobis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (II) was added to the flask, the temperature was raised to 105 ° C., and 42.2 ml of a 2 mol / L sodium carbonate aqueous solution was added dropwise with stirring. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction was allowed to proceed for 5 hours, and then 2.6 g of phenylboronic acid and 1.8 ml of toluene were added, followed by stirring at 105 ° C. for 16 hours. Thereafter, 700 ml of toluene and 200 ml of a 7.5 wt% sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate aqueous solution were added to the reaction solution, followed by stirring at 85 ° C. for 3 hours. After removing the aqueous layer of the reaction solution, the organic layer was washed twice with 300 ml of ion exchange water at 60 ° C., once with 300 ml of 3 wt% acetic acid at 60 ° C., and further three times with 300 ml of ion exchange water at 60 ° C. The organic layer was passed through a column packed with celite, alumina and silica, and the filtrate was recovered. Thereafter, the column was washed with 800 ml of hot toluene, and the washed toluene solution was added to the filtrate. After the obtained solution was concentrated to 700 ml, the concentrated solution was added to 2 L of methanol to reprecipitate the polymer. The polymer was recovered by filtration, and the polymer was washed with 500 ml of methanol, 500 ml of acetone, and 500 ml of methanol. The polymer was vacuum-dried at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain 12.21 g of a pentathienyl-fluorene copolymer (polymer compound 3). The weight average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene of the polymer compound 3 was 1.1 × 10 ⁵ .

Measurement example 1
(Measurement of absorbance of organic thin film)
Polymer compound 1 was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene at a concentration of 1% by weight to prepare a coating solution. The obtained coating solution was applied onto a glass substrate by spin coating. The coating operation was performed at 23 ° C. Then, it baked for 5 minutes on 120 degreeC conditions in air | atmosphere, and obtained the organic thin film with a film thickness of about 100 nm. The absorption spectrum of the organic thin film was measured with a spectrophotometer (trade name: V-670, manufactured by JASCO Corporation). The measured spectrum is shown in FIG. Table 1 shows the absorbance at 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, and 900 nm.

Measurement example 2
(Measurement of absorbance of organic thin film)
The polymer compound 2 was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene at a concentration of 1% by weight to prepare a coating solution. The obtained coating solution was applied onto a glass substrate by spin coating. The coating operation was performed at 23 ° C. Then, it baked for 5 minutes on 120 degreeC conditions in air | atmosphere, and obtained the organic thin film with a film thickness of about 100 nm. The absorption spectrum of the organic thin film was measured with a spectrophotometer (trade name: V-670, manufactured by JASCO Corporation). The measured spectrum is shown in FIG. Table 1 shows the absorbance at 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, and 900 nm.

Comparative Example 1
(Measurement of absorbance of organic thin film)
The polymer compound 3 was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene at a concentration of 0.5% by weight to prepare a coating solution. The obtained coating solution was applied onto a glass substrate by spin coating. The coating operation was performed at 23 ° C. Then, it baked for 5 minutes on 120 degreeC conditions in air | atmosphere, and obtained the organic thin film with a film thickness of about 100 nm. The absorption spectrum of the organic thin film was measured with a spectrophotometer (trade name: V-670, manufactured by JASCO Corporation). The measured spectrum is shown in FIG. Table 1 shows the absorbance at 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, and 900 nm.

Example 3
(Measurement of ionization potential of organic thin film)
With the organic thin film prepared in Measurement Example 1, the ionization potential was measured using an atmospheric photoelectron spectrometer (AC-2 manufactured by Riken Keiki Co., Ltd.). The obtained ionization potential was 5.4 eV.

Example 4
(Measurement of ionization potential of organic thin film)
With the organic thin film prepared in Measurement Example 1, the ionization potential was measured using an atmospheric photoelectron spectrometer (AC-2 manufactured by Riken Keiki Co., Ltd.). The obtained ionization potential was 5.6 eV.

Comparative Example 2
(Measurement of ionization potential of organic thin film)
The ionization potential of the organic thin film prepared in Comparative Example 1 was measured using an atmospheric photoelectron spectrometer (AC-2 manufactured by Riken Keiki Co., Ltd.). The obtained ionization potential was 5.2 eV.

Claims (6)

A polymer compound comprising a repeating unit represented by formula (A) and a repeating unit represented by formula (B).

[In the formulas (A) and (B), R and Q are the same or different from each other, and each represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an alkenyl group, or the formula (2). Represents the group represented. The hydrogen atom contained in these groups may be substituted with a fluorine atom. A plurality of R and Q may be the same or different.

(2)
(In formula (2), m1 represents an integer of 0 to 6, m2 represents an integer of 0 to 6. R ′ represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group.)] The high molecular compound containing the repeating unit represented by Formula (1).

(1)
[In the formula (1), R and Q are the same or different from each other, and represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an alkenyl group or a group represented by the formula (2). Represent. The hydrogen atom contained in these groups may be substituted with a fluorine atom. A plurality of R and Q may be the same or different.

(2)
(In formula (2), m1 represents an integer of 0 to 6, m2 represents an integer of 0 to 6. R ′ represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group.)]   An organic photoelectric conversion element having a pair of electrodes and a functional layer provided between the electrodes, wherein the functional layer includes an electron-accepting compound and the polymer compound according to claim 1.   The organic photoelectric conversion element according to claim 3, wherein the amount of the electron-accepting compound contained in the functional layer is 10 to 1000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer compound.   The organic photoelectric conversion element according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the electron-accepting compound is a fullerene derivative.   An organic thin film transistor comprising a source electrode, a drain electrode, an organic semiconductor layer, and a gate electrode, wherein the organic semiconductor layer includes the polymer compound according to claim 1.

Images