JP5745494B2 - Fluorescent LED lamp - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluorescent LED lamp that can be directly attached to an inverter ballast of a fluorescent lamp fixture.

  Light-emitting diodes (hereinafter referred to as “LEDs”), which have lower power consumption and longer life than conventional light bulbs, are used as an energy-saving measure along with the growing awareness of consumers' ecology. Are rapidly spreading and it is becoming common to use LEDs as an alternative to incandescent bulbs. Such a trend has been extended to fluorescent lamps that are more efficient than incandescent bulbs, and there is an increasing need to use LEDs as an alternative to conventional fluorescent lamps.

  A fluorescent lamp emits light by heating electrodes provided at both ends of the fluorescent lamp to cause discharge between the electrodes, and thus a ballast for applying a high voltage pulse between the electrodes is required. This ballast is usually accommodated in a fluorescent tube mounting fixture, and the ballast can be used continuously even when the fluorescent tube whose life has expired is replaced.

  On the other hand, when the LED is turned on, a high voltage pulse as described above is not necessary, and a voltage higher than a forward voltage drop of several V to several tens V of each LED is applied, and a predetermined current is applied. Just flow. For this reason, when designing a fluorescent-type LED lamp that can be attached to an existing fixture, overheating or electric leakage occurs when a high voltage pulse is supplied from a ballast when the LED is disconnected. It was necessary to prevent this.

  As an example of such a high voltage pulse countermeasure, Patent Document 1 discloses a reverse voltage protection circuit for absorbing a high voltage pulse from a glow starter type ballast between terminals provided at both ends of a fluorescent lamp type LED lamp. A technique for providing the above is disclosed. In Patent Document 1, a CR circuit in which a capacitor and a resistor are connected in series is used as the reverse voltage protection circuit.

  Further, Patent Document 2 describes a fluorescent lamp type LED lamp used for a fluorescent tube mounting fixture provided with an inverter type ballast, and a capacitor is connected in parallel to the rectifying unit and the LED. By changing (shifting) the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit in the inverter type ballast, a frequency that causes a voltage peak is avoided to prevent generation of a high voltage.

  Furthermore, the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp disclosed in Patent Document 3 has a built-in LED module and two pin terminals at both ends that can be connected to a fluorescent lamp socket in an existing fluorescent tube fitting. ing. Furthermore, this fluorescent lamp type LED lamp has a first rectifier circuit in which an AC input is connected to two pin terminals provided at one end, and an AC input to the two pin terminals provided at the other end. Connected to the common DC output side of the first rectifier circuit and the second rectifier circuit together with the LED module, and connected in series to the voltage control circuit A power supply circuit including the protection circuit is incorporated, and the LED module is turned on when power is supplied from the power supply circuit.

JP 2006-100036 A JP 2012-104466 A JP 2011-129323 A

  However, when it is assumed to be mounted on a fluorescent tube mounting tool provided with an inverter type ballast, the fluorescent lamp type LED lamps disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 may have a problem.

  In general, as shown in FIG. 4, an inverter-type fluorescent lamp fixture 1 having an inverter-type ballast has an input circuit 2 composed of a rectifier circuit, a noise filter, and the like, and a half bridge having two switching elements Q1 and Q2. Circuit 3, oscillation circuit 4 for switching elements Q1 and Q2 on / off at high frequency, LC circuit 5 in which a capacitor and a coil are connected in series, an overvoltage between terminals or a short circuit / open state of a load to detect an oscillation circuit 4 in a protection circuit 6 for stopping oscillation, a first terminal pair 7 having a pair of terminals A1 and A2, a second terminal pair 8 having a pair of terminals B1 and B2, and a first terminal pair 7. And a resonance capacitor 9 provided between the first terminal A2 and the first terminal B2 of the second terminal pair 8.

  Fluorescent lamp terminals a1, a2, b1, and b2 provided at the both ends of the fluorescent lamp L are connected to the first terminal pair 7 and the second terminal pair 8, respectively, so that they are provided inside the fluorescent lamp L. A series circuit is formed in the order of A1, a1, F1, a2, A2, 9, B2, b2, F2, b1, and B1 through the pair of filaments F1 and F2.

  When the fluorescent lamp L is attached to the inverter type fluorescent lamp fixture 1 and the input circuit 2 is connected to the AC power source S, the capacitor and coil of the LC circuit 5 and the resonance capacitor 9 are connected in series via the filament F1. Due to the series resonance circuit, a high voltage is generated between the filament F1 and the filament F2, discharge is started, and the fluorescent lamp L is lit. After the discharge is started, a specified constant current flows between the filaments F1 and F2, and no current flows through the bypassed resonance capacitor 9.

  When the emission material of the filaments F1 and F2 is consumed and the fluorescent lamp L reaches the end of its life, the impedance between the filaments F1 and F2 increases, and the voltage between the filaments F1 and F2 rises abnormally. As described above, since a constant current flows between the filaments F1 and F2, excessive power is applied to the fluorescent lamp L when the voltage increases, and the protection circuit 6 causes the overvoltage between the filaments F1 and F2. It detects and stops the oscillation by the two switching elements Q1 and Q2.

  The above is the operation when the conventional fluorescent lamp L is attached to the inverter type fluorescent lamp fixture 1.

  When the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp is attached to the inverter type fluorescent lamp fixture 1 instead of the conventional fluorescent lamp L, the voltage applied to the LED is the voltage applied to the fluorescent lamp L (that is, the filaments F1, F2) for the purpose of energy saving. Usually, the voltage is selected to be lower than the voltage between. For this reason, the detection voltage setting of the protection circuit 6 for the purpose of detecting the overvoltage of the fluorescent lamp L is too high, and it is difficult to detect the overvoltage of the LED, and the protection circuit 6 is difficult to protect the LED in this state. there were.

  In addition, the inverter ballast must not operate when the lamp is started unless the impedance of the load is high (that is, a state equivalent to a fluorescent lamp), and the protection circuit 6 included in the inverter itself operates. Therefore, the fluorescent LED lamp may not be lit. For example, in the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp of Patent Document 1, the resonance circuit 6 of the inverter itself is activated by the resonance set in the resonance circuit of the inverter ballast being shifted due to the impedance of the CR circuit. The LED lamp may not turn on.

  Further, in the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp of Patent Document 2, whether or not the generation of a high voltage can be prevented depends on the constant of the resonance circuit of the inverter type ballast, so that the effect is not stable. Similar to the case of Document 1, if the resonance is shifted, the protection circuit 6 is activated and the LED lamp may not be lit.

  Furthermore, the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp of Patent Document 3 has only overcurrent protection (fuse) and overheat protection (thermistor), and does not describe any protection against high voltage generation. .

  In the case of an inverter type ballast, when the fluorescent lamp L stops lighting, a high voltage is applied to both ends of the fluorescent lamp L. The fluorescent lamp L has no problem in insulation structure even when such a high voltage is applied, but in the case of an LED, a heat sink for heat dissipation is often attached to the LED element, and the high voltage generated from the inverter type ballast Since insulation measures are not easy, in the worst case, there is a risk that high voltage leaks to the heat sink.

  The present invention has been developed in view of such problems of the prior art. Therefore, the main problem of the present invention is that, when attached to an inverter type ballast, it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of high voltage and prevent leakage, and even if the LED voltage rises abnormally, It is an object of the present invention to provide a fluorescent-type LED lamp that does not have excessive power applied thereto and does not have an anxiety of abnormal heat generation.

The invention described in claim 1, there in install them fluorescent LED lamp directly to a fluorescent lamp fixture operates by detecting is an inverter ballast to stop the inter-terminal connected to the lamp is short-circuited Te, LED and are connected in parallel to the LED, a fluorescent LED lamp and a trigger element the LED shorting when a voltage exceeding a specified value is applied.

  By configuring the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp as described above, when the LED voltage starts to rise abnormally due to damage or wear of the LED, the trigger element becomes conductive, and the LEDs connected in parallel are short-circuited. be able to. By short-circuiting the LED, the inverter-type ballast detects an abnormality and stops its operation, so that a state where a high voltage is still applied to the LED can be avoided.

  The invention described in claim 2 further limits the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp according to claim 1, further comprising a rectifier circuit for supplying power to the LED, and the trigger element is a primary element of the rectifier circuit. It is connected to the side.

  When the rectifier circuit is cut off due to some trouble, a high voltage is applied to the rectifier circuit. However, as described above, the trigger element becomes conductive when the voltage applied to the rectifier circuit rises by connecting the trigger element in parallel to the LED and on the primary side of the rectifier circuit. In addition, the rectifier circuit can be short-circuited, whereby the inverter ballast detects an abnormality and stops its operation, so that it is possible to avoid applying a high voltage to the rectifier circuit.

The invention described in claim 3 further limits the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp according to claim 1, and includes a pair of first terminals provided at one end of the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp and the other. A pair of second terminals provided at the ends of the first terminal, a first terminal connection line for connecting the pair of first terminals to each other, and a second terminal connection line for connecting the pair of second terminals to each other. The primary side line of the rectifier circuit is connected to the first terminal connection line and the second terminal connection line, one end of the trigger element is connected to the first terminal connection line, and the other end of the trigger element is the first terminal connection line. It is connected to a two-terminal connection line.

  According to this, since the trigger element can short-circuit between the first terminal and the second terminal of the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp, it is not limited to the LED and the rectifier circuit, and there is a problem such as disconnection at any position in the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp. Even if this occurs, it is possible to avoid applying a high voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal.

  The invention described in claim 4 is the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the trigger element is a diac.

  According to the present invention, when mounted on an inverter type ballast, even if the LED voltage rises abnormally, excessive power is not supplied to the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp. This can be prevented, and even if the circuit in the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp is opened due to a malfunction or the like, an excessive voltage is not applied to the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp and there is no fear of leakage.

It is a circuit diagram which shows the inverter type ballast provided in the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp which concerns on 1st Example to which this invention was applied, and the fluorescent lamp fixture. It is a circuit diagram which shows the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp which concerns on 2nd Example. It is a circuit diagram which shows the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp which concerns on 3rd Example. It is a circuit diagram which shows the conventional fluorescent lamp and the inverter type ballast which supplies electric power to it.

  Embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an inverter type ballast 14 provided in a fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10 and a fluorescent lamp fixture 12 of an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.

  In this specification, regarding the reference numerals of each member, when a plurality of members of the same type are used, when indicated by a superordinate concept, they are indicated by only Arabic numerals without alphabetical branch numbers, and are individually distinguished. If it is necessary to do so (ie, in the case of a subordinate concept), the branch numbers in lower case letters are attached to Arabic numerals to distinguish them.

  The fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10 includes an LED 16, a rectifier circuit 18, a pair of first terminals 20a and 20b, a pair of second terminals 22a and 22b, a first terminal connection line 24, and a second terminal connection line 26. And a resistor 27 and a trigger element 28.

  The LED 16 is a semiconductor that emits light when a voltage equal to or higher than the forward voltage drop is applied in the forward direction to flow a predetermined current. In this embodiment, one LED 16 is used, but of course, the number of LEDs 16 is not limited, and a plurality of LEDs 16 may be used.

  The rectifier circuit 18 is a circuit for supplying direct current to the LED 16, and a known rectifier circuit such as a full-wave rectifier circuit or a half-wave circuit can be used. In this embodiment, a full-wave rectifier circuit of a diode bridge in which four diodes are combined is used. A high speed diode is preferably used to rectify the high frequency current. Furthermore, it is preferable to use a high-voltage diode with a high withstand voltage in case of emergency, but as will be described later, in the circuit of the embodiment, a high voltage is applied when the trigger element 28 functions. Therefore, the use of a high voltage diode is not essential.

  A pair of input lines 30 extends on the primary side of the rectifier circuit 18, and a pair of output lines 32 extends on the secondary side. One output line 32a is connected to one end (in the embodiment, anode side) 16a of the LED 16, and the other output line 32b is connected to the other end (in the embodiment, cathode side) 16b of the LED 16. Has been.

  The pair of first terminals 20 a and 20 b are pin-shaped terminals provided at one end of the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10 and are formed in a shape that can be connected to the existing fluorescent lamp fixture 12. The pair of second terminals 22a and 22b are pin-like terminals provided on the other end on the opposite side to the first terminals 20a and 20b.

  The 1st terminal connection line 24 is a wire which electrically connects a pair of 1st terminals 20a and 20b mutually. The second terminal connection line 26 is a wire rod that electrically connects the pair of first terminals 22a and 22b to each other. The “wire” in the present specification is not limited to a so-called “wire” but is a concept including a circuit printed on a printed board.

  The resistor 27 is an electrical resistor that is attached to the first terminal connection line 24 and the second terminal connection line 26 as necessary, and plays the role of a filament in a fluorescent lamp at the start of lighting. In this embodiment, four resistors 27a, 27b, 27c and 27d are used, the resistors 27a and 27b are attached in series at the first terminal connection line 24, and the resistors 27c and 27d are connected to the second terminal connection line. 26 are attached in series. The resistance value of each of the resistors 27a, 27b, 27c, and 27d is appropriately about several Ω that is equivalent to the resistance value of the filament of the fluorescent lamp. The pair of input lines 30 in the rectifier circuit 18 described above are connected between the resistors 27a and 27b in the first terminal connection line 24 and between the resistors 27c and 27d in the second terminal connection line 26, respectively. Has been. Thereby, the resistor 27 forms an impedance circuit in which the first terminal 20 and the second terminal 22 are impedance-coupled.

  The trigger element 28 is a semiconductor element that is normally in a non-conductive state and becomes a conductive body when a voltage exceeding a specified value is applied, and examples thereof include a diac and a cidac. The “specified value” means a breakdown voltage value of the trigger element 28, and this breakdown voltage value is set to an eye slightly higher than the voltage (forward voltage drop) of the LED 16 during normal lighting. .

  The trigger element 28 needs to be connected in parallel to the LED 16. In this embodiment, the trigger element 28 is connected between the LED 16 and the rectifier circuit 18, that is, between the pair of output lines 32 extending from the rectifier circuit 18. Yes.

  Next, the configuration of the inverter type ballast 14 will be briefly described. The inverter ballast 14 is an oscillation that turns on and off the input circuit 50 including a rectifier circuit, a noise filter, and the like, the half bridge circuit 54 having two switching elements 52a and 52b, and the switching elements 52a and 52b at a high frequency. A circuit 56, an LC circuit 58 in which a capacitor and a coil are connected in series, a protection circuit 60 that detects an overvoltage between the terminals and stops oscillation of the oscillation circuit 56, and a first terminal pair having a pair of terminals 62a and 62b 64, a second terminal pair 68 having a pair of terminals 66a and 66b, one terminal 62b in the first terminal pair 64, and one terminal 66b in the second terminal pair 68. The resonance capacitor 70 is used.

  After the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10 of this embodiment is attached to the fluorescent lamp fixture 12 (that is, the first terminal 20 and the second terminal 22 in the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10 and the first terminal in the inverter ballast 14). After the pair 64 and the second terminal pair 68 are connected to each other), AC is input from the AC power source 72 to the input circuit 50 of the inverter ballast 14. Since the impedance of the LED 16 is high immediately after the alternating current is input, the output current of the inverter ballast 14 does not flow toward the rectifier circuit 18 but flows into the resonance capacitor 70 of the inverter ballast 14, thereby causing the inverter The expression ballast 14 begins operation. Then, the potential on the input line 30 side of the rectifier circuit 18 starts to rise, and when this potential exceeds the forward drop voltage of the LED 16, current starts to flow to the LED 16 via the rectifier circuit 18, It stops flowing. When a current starts to flow through the LED 16, the rated constant current flows through the LED 16 by being limited by the voltage of the LED 16, and the LED 16 is turned on.

  Thereafter, when the supply voltage from the inverter type ballast 14 starts to rise abnormally due to, for example, the LED 16 being disconnected during lighting, if the supply voltage becomes higher than the breakdown voltage value of the trigger element 28, the trigger element 28 Operates to short-circuit the LED 16. By short-circuiting the LED 16 in this way, the protection circuit 60 is activated and the inverter ballast 14 stops its operation.

  When the operation of the inverter type ballast 14 stops, the supply voltage to the trigger element 28 becomes zero, so that the trigger element 28 is again disconnected. Thereafter, the inverter ballast 14 starts to operate again, and the trigger element 28 is activated in the above order. This operation is repeated whenever the voltage applied to the LED 16 increases (that is, whenever the voltage applied to the trigger element 28 connected in parallel to the LED 16 becomes higher than the breakdown voltage value).

  Thus, even if the supply voltage from the inverter ballast 14 starts to rise abnormally, the voltage between the first terminal 20 and the second terminal 22 in the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10 is triggered by the operation of the trigger element 28. Since the voltage rises only up to the breakdown voltage of the element 28, it is possible to avoid generation of a high voltage that causes heat generation or leakage in the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10.

  In addition, since the trigger element 28 has a high impedance when not activated (disconnected state), the trigger element 28 does not affect the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit (the LC circuit 58 and the resonance capacitor 70) of the inverter ballast 14, and therefore There is no fear of malfunction such that the inverter ballast 14 does not operate due to protection against load impedance.

  Furthermore, if the abnormal state does not automatically recover as in the case where the LED 16 is disconnected, even if the inverter ballast 14 tries to operate again, the trigger element 28 operates again, thereby causing the inverter ballast 14 to operate again. The protection circuit 60 operates. That is, since a state where no high voltage is applied to the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10 is maintained, for example, the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10 cannot be easily replaced like a factory ceiling or the like and must be left for a certain period of time. It can be used with confidence even in such locations.

  According to the present embodiment, even if it is directly attached to the inverter ballast 14 of the fluorescent lamp fixture 12 that is lit at a high frequency, while maintaining the stable operation of the inverter ballast 14, the generation of high pressure is reliably prevented. The fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10 that can prevent excessive power from being applied to the LED 16 (fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10) can be provided.

  A second embodiment is shown in FIG. The difference between the above embodiment and the second embodiment is that the trigger element 28 is connected to the primary side (input side) of the rectifier circuit 18. More specifically, one end of the trigger element 28 is connected to one input line 30a in the rectifier circuit 18, and the other end of the trigger element 28 is connected to the other input line 30b.

  A high voltage is applied to the rectifier circuit 18 when the rectifier circuit 18 is disconnected due to some trouble (for example, when any diode constituting the rectifier circuit 18 is opened). become. However, when the voltage applied to the rectifier circuit 18 is increased by connecting the trigger element 28 in parallel to the LED 16 and to the primary side of the rectifier circuit 18 as in the second embodiment, the trigger element is increased. LED 28 and rectifier circuit 18 can be short-circuited due to 28 being in a conductive state, whereby inverter type ballast 14 detects an abnormality and stops its operation, so that a high voltage is applied to rectifier circuit 18. Can be avoided.

  Further, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the trigger element 28 is attached between the first terminal connection line 24 and the second terminal connection line 26. More specifically, one end of the trigger element 28 is connected to the first terminal connection line 24 in the vicinity of the first terminal 20 b connected to the resonant capacitor 70 of the inverter ballast 14, and The other end of the trigger element 28 is connected to the second terminal connection line 26 in the vicinity of the second terminal 22b to be connected. Of course, one end of the trigger element 28 may be connected to the first terminal connection line 24 in the vicinity of the first terminal 20a opposite to the one connected to the resonant capacitor 70, or the other end of the trigger element 28 may be You may connect to the 2nd terminal connection line 26 in the vicinity of the 2nd terminal 22a opposite to the direction connected to the resonant capacitor 70. FIG.

  According to the third embodiment, since the trigger element 28 can short-circuit between the first terminal 20 and the second terminal 22 of the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10, not only the LED 16 and the rectifier circuit 18 but also the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp 10 Even if a defect such as disconnection occurs at any position in FIG. 8, it is possible to avoid applying a high voltage between the first terminal 20 and the second terminal 22.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Fluorescent lamp type LED lamp, 12 ... Fluorescent lamp fixture, 14 ... Inverter ballast, 16 ... LED, 18 ... Rectifier circuit, 20 ... 1st terminal, 22 ... 2nd terminal, 24 ... 1st terminal connection line, 26 ... second terminal connection line, 27 ... resistor, 28 ... trigger element, 30 ... input line, 32 ... output line, 50 ... input circuit, 52 ... switching element, 54 ... half bridge circuit, 56 ... oscillator circuit, 58 ... LC circuit, 60 ... protection circuit, 62 ... terminal, 64 ... first terminal pair, 66 ... terminal, 68 ... second terminal pair, 70 ... resonant capacitor, 72 ... AC power supply

Claims (4)

Operation between the terminals to be connected to the lamp will detect that it has short circuit a install them fluorescent LED lamp directly to a fluorescent lamp device with an inverter ballast to stop,
LED,
A fluorescent lamp type LED lamp that is connected in parallel to the LED and includes a trigger element that short-circuits the LED when a voltage exceeding a specified value is applied. A rectifier circuit for supplying power to the LED;
The fluorescent lamp type LED lamp according to claim 1, wherein the trigger element is connected to a primary side of the rectifier circuit. A rectifier circuit for supplying power to the LED;
A pair of first terminals provided at one end of the fluorescent lamp type LED lamp and a pair of second terminals provided at the other end;
A first terminal connection line connecting the pair of first terminals to each other;
A second terminal connection line for connecting the pair of second terminals to each other;
The primary side line of the rectifier circuit is connected to the first terminal connection line and the second terminal connection line, respectively.
One end of the trigger element is connected to the first terminal connection line,
The fluorescent lamp type LED lamp according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the trigger element is connected to the second terminal connection line.   The fluorescent lamp type LED lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the trigger element is a diac.

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