JP5741104B2 - Temperature reduction tower - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a temperature reducing tower for cooling a gas.

  Conventionally, in Patent Document 1, gas is introduced from above into a cooling tank in which liquid is stored, and hydrogen chloride in the gas is dissolved in the liquid. Moreover, in patent document 2, a liquid is sprayed on the gas supplied from vertically upward, and a liquid film is formed in the inner peripheral surface of a tower, and the wall surface protection is aimed at.

JP 2002-316803 A JP 2004-277574 A

However, Patent Document 1 requires a pressure for introducing the gas into the liquid, and there is a problem that the pressure loss of the entire system increases. Moreover, in patent document 2, the reduction part for keeping the gas supplied from the vertical upper direction of a tower in a turbulent flow area is provided, and a structure is complicated. In either case, when the gas is supplied from the lower side and water is sprayed from the upper side to protect the inner peripheral surface of the tower with the liquid film, there is no description about the point that the local increase in the flow velocity becomes a problem.
The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a temperature reducing tower that protects the wall surface of the inner peripheral surface of the tower while reducing pressure loss and realizes a simple configuration. It is to provide.

In order to solve the above-mentioned object, in the present invention, a cylindrical tower is connected to the tower, and a liquid is supplied to the inner peripheral surface of the tower and a liquid film is formed on the inner peripheral surface. A water pipe, and a columnar nozzle connected to the inner peripheral side of the tower on the vertically lower side of the sprinkling pipe and projecting and extending to the inner peripheral side of the tower,
A temperature reducing tower that supplies gas from the nozzle to the inner peripheral side of the tower and cools the gas rising in the tower by liquid supplied from the sprinkling pipe, and the bottom of the tower is A storage section for temporarily storing the liquid supplied from the water spray pipe and flowing along the inner peripheral surface, wherein the surface of the stored liquid is positioned vertically below the nozzle, and H1> H2, where H1 is the distance from the nozzle to the vertical top of the inner peripheral surface of the temperature reducing tower, and H2 is the distance from the nozzle to the liquid level of the stored liquid . A bottomed cylindrical shape with the front end side in the protruding direction to the circumferential side as a bottom, and is provided apart from the liquid level of the stored liquid, and an upper side that opens a plurality of circles vertically above the tower Opening and lower opening with multiple circular openings vertically below A nozzle axis direction substantially central portion of the upper opening, the center axis of the tower, provided eccentrically on the base portion side of the nozzle, the opening area of the upper opening, said lower opening And the number of circular openings forming the upper opening is larger than the number of circular openings forming the lower opening.

  Therefore, it is possible to provide a temperature reducing tower that protects the wall surface on the inner peripheral surface of the tower while reducing pressure loss and realizes a simple configuration.

It is a temperature reduction tower in the present invention. It is an axial direction BB sectional view of a temperature reduction tower in the present invention. Axial direction C of the temperature reducing tower in the present invention - is a C cross section. A A cross-sectional view - A of FIG. It is a figure which shows the gas flow in the temperature reduction tower in this invention. It is an axial direction BB sectional view of a temperature reduction tower in a comparative example. It is radial direction AA sectional drawing of the temperature reduction tower in a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the gas flow in the temperature reduction tower in a comparative example.

[Embodiment 1]
[Overview of the cooling tower]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a temperature reducing tower 1 of the present invention. The temperature reducing tower 1 has a cylindrical shape with the vertical direction as an axis, and is provided with a nozzle 100 protruding from the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical side surface to the inner peripheral side. The nozzle 100 is provided vertically below the temperature reducing tower 1 and supplies high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from other equipment (dechlorination equipment or the like) to the inner peripheral side of the temperature reducing tower 1. Further, a water spray pipe 3 for spraying water is provided on the vertically upper side of the temperature reducing tower 1, and the exhaust gas discharged from the nozzle 100 is cooled by this water. The cooled gas is discharged out of the system from the top 12 of the temperature reducing tower 1.

  At the bottom of the temperature-decreasing tower 1 and on the vertically lower side of the nozzle 100, a reservoir 14 is provided for temporarily storing water sprayed from the water spray pipe 3 and cooling water supplied from outside the system. . The stored water 15 staying in the storage unit 14 is pumped out by the pump 2, and a part thereof is supplied into the temperature reducing tower 1 through the water spray pipe to form a water droplet 31, and a part thereof is discharged out of the system as drainage. The A part of the water droplet 31 reaches the inner periphery 11 and a water film 32 covering the inner periphery 11 is formed (see FIG. 2).

  The nozzle 100 is provided vertically above the water surface 16 of the stored water 15, and is provided so as to be separated from the stored water 15 and not to contact. Since the stored water 15 is mixed with water droplets 31 after cooling the exhaust gas, components such as hydrogen chloride in the exhaust gas are supplied to the stored water 15. Therefore, the nozzle 100 and the stored water 15 are separated from each other, and the influence of hydrogen chloride or the like on the nozzle 100 is avoided.

  The nozzle 100 is provided at a position where H1> H2, where H1 is the distance between the topmost part 12 inside the temperature reducing tower 1 and the nozzle 100 and H2 is the distance between the water surface 16 of the stored water 15 and the nozzle 100. . Therefore, on the inner peripheral side of the temperature reducing tower 1, the volume on the vertically lower side of the nozzle 100 is formed smaller than the volume on the vertically upper side of the nozzle 100.

  The nozzle 100 is provided with two openings 110 and 120. An upper opening 110 is opened on the vertically upper side of the cylindrical nozzle 100, and a lower opening 120 is opened on the vertically lower side. The exhaust gas supplied to the nozzle 100 from another device is introduced into the temperature reducing tower 1 from the two openings 110 and 120 and cooled.

[Details of nozzle]
2 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B of the temperature reducing tower 1 in the present application (see FIG. 4 ), FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the direction C - C of the temperature reducing tower 1 (see FIG. 4 ), and FIG. a - it is a a cross-sectional view. In the following, the direction in which the nozzle 100 is inserted into the temperature reducing tower 1 is defined as the x-axis positive direction, and the vertical upper side is defined as the z-axis positive direction. In addition, it is orthogonal to the x-axis and z-axis, and the upper side of FIG. 4 is the y-axis positive direction.

The substantially hollow cylindrical nozzle 100 is inserted into the temperature reducing tower 1 toward the positive x-axis direction, and the nozzle bottom 101 in the x-axis direction is closed. In addition, an upper opening 110 is formed on the outer peripheral side and in the z-axis positive direction side, and a lower opening 120 is formed on the lower side of the z-axis. The substantially central position M in the x-axis direction of the upper opening 110 is decentered to the x-axis negative direction side with respect to the axis O of the cylindrical temperature reducing tower 1. When the radius of the temperature reducing tower 1 at the nozzle 100 installation position is r, the amount of eccentricity of the substantially central portion M with respect to the axis O is 0.3r to 0.4r.

  Each of the openings 110 and 120 is formed by drilling the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the nozzle 100 with a plurality of circular openings 110a and 120a. In order to reduce costs, the circular openings 110a and 120a are formed by circular openings having the same shape, and the opening areas S1 and S2 of the openings 110 and 120 are proportional to the number of the circular openings 110a and 120a (FIG. 2). In the present embodiment, the upper circular opening 110 a is provided more than the lower circular opening 120 a, and thus the opening area of the upper opening 110 is larger than that of the lower opening 120.

  The openings 110 and 120 are provided apart from the bottom surface inner side 105 at the tip of the hollow cylindrical nozzle 100. That is, the opening front end portions 112 and 122 of the openings 110 and 120 are separated from the bottom surface inner side 105, so that the nozzle side surface 103 of the nozzle 100 is covered between the openings 110 and 120 and the bottom surface inner side 105. A gap 130 is formed.

  Since the distance between the nozzle 100 and the inner periphery 11 of the temperature reducing tower is the shortest on the horizontal plane N (see FIG. 4) including the axis G, it is not preferable that the gas is discharged from the horizontal end portion 103a of the nozzle 100. . The gas discharged from the upper opening 110 moves vertically upward due to the rising airflow based on its own heat. When the lower opening 120 opens vertically upward from the axis G, the gas is discharged from the lower opening 120. There is a possibility that the discharged gas is discharged onto the horizontal plane N and hits the inner periphery 11 of the temperature reducing tower without decreasing the flow velocity, and the formed water film 32 scatters and the wall surface protection cannot be achieved.

  Therefore, exhaust gas is discharged onto the horizontal plane N by opening the upper opening 110 vertically upward from the axis G of the nozzle 100 and opening the lower opening 120 vertically downward from the axis G. Is intended to protect the wall surface. The ratio of the opening area S1 of the upper opening 110 and the opening area S2 of the lower opening 120 is 1 <(S1 / S2) ≦ 2.0.

[Correlation between nozzle eccentricity and protection of inner surface of cooling tower]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a gas flow in the temperature reducing tower 1 in the present application.
(Application: Flow from nozzle upper opening)
5 is a diagram illustrating a gas flow discharged from the upper opening 110 of the nozzle 100. Since the gas flow flows in the x-axis positive direction side in the nozzle 100, it flows to the x-axis positive direction side by inertia even after being discharged from the upper opening 110, and is the inner periphery 11 of the temperature reducing tower at the bottom of the nozzle. There is a possibility of colliding with the nozzle facing surface 11a facing 101. In that case, the water film 32 formed on the nozzle facing surface 11a may be scattered by the gas flow, the inner peripheral surface 11 may be exposed, and the inner peripheral surface 11 may be exposed to a high temperature gas flow.

  In the present application, the approximate center position M in the x-axis direction of the openings 110 and 120 is decentered to the x-axis negative direction side with respect to the axis O of the temperature reducing tower 1. Since it moves to the axial negative direction side, the distance between the upper opening tip 112 and the nozzle facing surface 11a is larger than when the openings 110 and 120 are not eccentric (see FIGS. 6 to 8).

  Therefore, compared with the case where each opening part 110,120 is not eccentric, in this application, since the distance from the upper opening part 110 to the nozzle facing surface 11a is large, the speed of the discharged gas flow is further reduced. It will be. Therefore, the possibility that the water film 32 on the nozzle facing surface 11a is scattered by the gas flow is reduced, and the inner peripheral surface 11 can be further protected from the high-temperature gas flow.

(This application: Flow from the nozzle lower opening)
A thin broken line in FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a gas flow discharged from the lower opening 120 of the nozzle 100. Similar to the gas flow discharged from the upper opening 110 (thick one-dot chain line), the gas flow in the nozzle facing surface 11a decreases due to the eccentricity of the openings 110 and 120.

  Here, since the staying water 15 exists on the vertically lower side (z-axis negative direction side) of the nozzle 100, the volume is different between the vertically upper side and the lower side of the nozzle 100 in the temperature reducing tower 1. That is, assuming that the distance between the upper end 103a vertically above the nozzle side surface 103 and the nozzle top 102 is H1, and the distance between the lower end 103b vertically below the nozzle side surface 103 and the water surface 16 is H2, H1> H2. It has been.

  Therefore, the vertical lower side of the nozzle 100 has a smaller volume than the upper side, and the gas flow escape space is less. Therefore, since the gas discharged from the lower opening 120 cannot escape to the lower side of the water surface 16, there is a high possibility that the gas will collide with the nozzle facing surface 11a without sufficiently reducing the flow velocity.

  Therefore, in the present application, the area S2 of the lower opening 120 is set smaller than the area S1 of the upper opening 110. As a result, the amount of gas discharged from the lower opening 120 out of the gas in the nozzle 100 is relatively smaller than the amount of gas discharged from the upper opening 110, and is introduced to the vertically lower side of the nozzle 100. The flow rate of the gas to be reduced is also reduced. Therefore, even if the gas discharged from the lower opening 120 reaches the nozzle facing surface 11a, the influence on the water film 32 is small because the flow rate is small, and scattering of the water film 32 can be reduced. .

  Further, in the present application, the opening front end portion 122 of the lower opening portion 120 is located closer to the x-axis negative direction side (nozzle root portion 104 side) than the opening front end portion 112 of the upper opening portion 110, and therefore, compared with the upper opening portion 110. Thus, the distance between the opening front end 122 of the lower opening 120 and the nozzle facing surface 11a becomes larger. Therefore, compared with the gas flow discharged from the upper opening 110, the gas flow rate discharged from the lower opening 120 is decreased until reaching the nozzle facing surface 11a, thereby protecting the water film 32 on the nozzle facing surface 11a. It is possible to plan.

(Application: Reverse flow that reverses at the bottom of the nozzle)
A two-dot chain line in FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a gas flow that is reversed by the gap 130 provided on the positive side of the nozzle 100 in the x-axis direction. The gap portion 130 is closed on the x-axis positive direction side by the nozzle bottom portion 101, and is surrounded by the nozzle side surface 103, and is a recess that is recessed toward the x-axis positive direction side. Therefore, the gas flow that has entered the gap portion 130 is reversed by the nozzle bottom portion 101, and is further guided to the x-axis negative direction side by the nozzle side surface 103.

  Therefore, the gas flow that has entered the gap portion 130 is reversed at the nozzle bottom 101 and the velocity is reduced, and is discharged from the nozzle upper side opening portion 110 without colliding with the nozzle facing surface 11a by the rising air flow based on the heat of the gas itself. The The gas that reverses in the gap 130 and is discharged from the nozzle lower opening 120 also has a slight influence on the water film 32 on the nozzle facing surface 11a because the velocity component in the x-axis positive direction decreases.

  Further, since the openings 110 and 120 are formed by the plurality of circular openings 110a and 120a, the shielding parts 110b and 120b formed between the circular openings 110a and 120a serve as resistances, and further, the openings 110 and 120 Since the total area is larger than the cross-sectional area of the nozzle 100, the flow rate of the gas flowing out from the circular opening 110 nozzle 100 decreases. Therefore, the flow velocity in the temperature reducing tower 1 is further reduced, and the water film 32 can be further protected.

  In addition, since the opening tip 122 of the lower opening 120 is located on the x-axis negative direction side, the distance m2 from the nozzle bottom 101 to the lower opening tip 122 is from the nozzle bottom 101 to the upper opening tip 112. It becomes longer than the distance m1 (see FIG. 5). That is, the reverse flow reversed at the nozzle bottom surface 105 is guided to the x-axis negative direction side by the nozzle side surface 103, but the lower end portion 103b on the vertically lower side is longer than the upper end portion 103a on the vertically upper side. Will be.

  Therefore, the gas flow reversed at the nozzle bottom 101 is guided at a longer distance at the lower end portion 103b on the vertically lower side, and flows toward the negative x-axis direction. Therefore, the gas flow velocity discharged from the lower opening 120 is discharged after being decelerated by the reverse flow guided by the lower end portion 103b, so that the flow velocity on the vertically lower side of the nozzle 100 is further reduced.

(Comparative example)
FIG. 6 is an axial BB sectional view (see FIG. 7) of the temperature reducing tower 1 in the comparative example, and FIG. 7 is a radial direction AA sectional view (see FIG. 6). In the comparative example, the approximate center positions M ′ of the upper and lower openings 110 ′ and 120 ′ coincide with the axis O of the temperature reducing tower 1 and are not eccentric. The upper and lower openings 110 ′ and 120 ′ have the same opening area and the same shape. That is, the opening areas are both equal S1, the x-axis direction width is 2L, and the y-axis direction width is both w1.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a gas flow in the temperature reducing tower 1 in the comparative example. In the comparative example, the upper and lower openings 110 ′ and 120 ′ of the nozzle 100 ′ coincide with each other without being eccentric with respect to the axis O of the temperature reducing tower 1, so that the openings of the openings 110 ′ and 120 ′ are compared with the present application. The distance between the tip portions 112 ′ and 122 ′ and the nozzle facing surface 11a is shortened, and the gas discharged from the upper and lower openings 110 ′ and 120 ′ collides with the nozzle facing surface 11a without sufficiently reducing the flow velocity. . Therefore, compared with the present application, the water film 32 on the nozzle facing surface 11a is likely to scatter, and the wall surface protection of the nozzle facing surface 11a becomes insufficient.

Further, since the areas of the openings 110 ′ and 120 ′ are equal, the flow rate of the discharged gas is substantially equal between the upper opening 110 ′ and the lower opening 120 ′. Therefore, compared to the present application, in the comparative example, the gas flow rate discharged to the vertically lower side is relatively increased, and therefore the flow rate in the region on the vertically lower side of the nozzle 100 ′ having a small volume compared to the vertically upper side is increased. There is a possibility that the water film 32 may be scattered by colliding with the nozzle facing surface 11a without decreasing the gas flow speed.

[Effects of the present application]
And reducing cooling tower 1 of the circle cylindrical,
The sprinkler pipe 3 connected to the temperature reducing tower 1 and supplying liquid to the inner peripheral surface 11 of the temperature reducing tower 1 and forming a liquid film 32 on the surface of the inner peripheral surface 11;
A columnar nozzle 100 connected to the inner peripheral side of the tower 1 on the vertically lower side of the water spray pipe 3 and extending to the inner peripheral side of the temperature reducing tower 1;
A temperature reducing tower that supplies gas from the nozzle 100 to the inner peripheral side of the temperature reducing tower 1 and cools the gas rising in the temperature reducing tower 1 by the liquid supplied from the sprinkling pipe 3,
The nozzle 100 has a bottomed cylindrical shape with the front end side in the protruding direction toward the inner peripheral side of the temperature-decreasing tower, and has openings 110 and 120 that open at least above the cylindrical side surface.
The substantially central portion M in the nozzle axis direction of the openings 110 and 120 is provided eccentric to the root portion 104 side of the nozzle 100 with respect to the central axis O of the temperature reducing tower 1.
The openings are formed by circular openings 110 a and 120 a provided in a plurality on the cylindrical side surface of the nozzle 100.

  By closing the tip end side of the nozzle 100, it is avoided that the gas flow toward the tip end side of the nozzle 100 is directly blown to the inner peripheral surface 11 of the temperature reducing tower while maintaining a high flow velocity, and the liquid film on the inner peripheral side of the temperature reducing tower is avoided. Cutting can be reduced. Even when the tip of the nozzle 100 is closed, a high-speed gas flow that has flowed out of the openings 110 and 120 hits the inner peripheral surface 11 of the temperature reducing tower. By decentering to the 104 side, a long distance is provided for the gas flow flowing out from the openings 110 and 120 to reach the temperature reducing tower inner peripheral surface 11, and the gas flow velocity reaching the temperature reducing tower inner peripheral surface 11 is reduced. be able to.

Further, when the nozzle openings 110 and 120 are formed as one opening, the gas flow rate is difficult to decrease because the resistance of the gas flow in the openings 110 and 120 is small. On the other hand, by providing a plurality of circular openings 110a and 120a on the circumferential surface of the nozzle 100 to form the nozzle openings 110 and 120, the shielding parts 110b and 120b existing between the circular openings 110a and 120a are gas. Further, since the total area of the openings 110 and 120 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the nozzle 100, the flow rate of the discharged gas can be reduced. Thus, reducing the gas flow rate definitive in temperature reducing tower peripheral surface 1 1, it is possible to further suppress scattering of water film 32.

Circular opening 110a of the multiple was set to be identical circular. By making it the same shape, the number of processing steps can be reduced.

( 1 ) The bottom of the temperature-decreasing tower 1 is a storage unit 14 that temporarily stores the liquid that is supplied from the water spray pipe 3 and flows along the inner peripheral surface 11.
The water surface 16 of the stored water 15 is located on the vertically lower side of the nozzle 100,
When the distance from the nozzle 100 to the vertical upper top portion 12 of the inner circumferential surface 11 of the temperature reducing tower is H1, and the distance from the nozzle 100 to the water surface 16 is H2, H1> H2,
The nozzle 100 is provided apart from the water surface 16, and has an upper opening 110 that opens vertically above the temperature reducing tower 1, and a lower opening 120 that opens vertically downward.
The opening area of the upper opening 110 is larger than the opening area of the lower opening 120, and the number of circular openings 110 a forming the upper opening 110 is the number of circular openings 120 a forming the lower opening 120. More than that.

  By changing the number of the circular openings 110a and 120a, the upper and lower opening areas can be changed, and the opening area can be easily adjusted.

( 2 ) The nozzle tip end 122 of the lower opening 120 is positioned closer to the root 104 than the nozzle tip end 112 of the upper opening 110.
By providing the nozzle tip side end 122 of the lower opening 120 closer to the root part 104 than the upper opening 110, the tip end 122 of the lower opening 120 and the inner peripheral surface of the temperature reducing tower 1 correspondingly. 11, the gas flow rate in the vicinity of the nozzle facing surface 11a and below the nozzle 100 can be reduced, and the water film 32 can be further protected.

  It can be used in general for a temperature reducing tower or a cooling tower for cooling a gas.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Temperature-reduction tower 3 Water spray pipe 11 Inner peripheral surface 12 Vertical top part 14 Reservoir 15 Water 16 Water surface 32 Water film 100 Nozzle 104 Nozzle base part 110 Upper opening part 120 Lower opening part 112, 122 Nozzle front end part M Nozzle Axis center

Claims (2)

A cylindrical tower,
A sprinkler pipe connected to the tower and supplying a liquid to the inner peripheral surface of the tower, and forming a liquid film on the surface of the inner peripheral surface;
A columnar nozzle connected to the inner peripheral side of the tower on the vertically lower side of the sprinkling pipe, and protruding and extending to the inner peripheral side of the tower;
A temperature reducing tower that supplies gas from the nozzle to the inner peripheral side of the tower and cools the gas rising in the tower by a liquid supplied from the watering pipe,
The bottom of the tower is a reservoir that temporarily stores the liquid that is supplied from the sprinkler pipe and flows along the inner peripheral surface,
The surface of the stored liquid is located on the vertically lower side of the nozzle,
H1> H2 where H1 is the distance from the nozzle to the vertical upper top of the inner peripheral surface of the temperature reducing tower, and H2 is the distance from the nozzle to the liquid level of the stored liquid.
The nozzle is a bottomed cylindrical shape having a bottom portion in a protruding direction toward the inner peripheral side of the tower, and is provided separately from the liquid level of the stored liquid, and vertically above the tower An upper opening having a plurality of circular openings on the side, and a lower opening having a plurality of circular openings on the vertically lower side,
The substantially central portion in the nozzle axis direction of the upper opening is provided eccentric to the root side of the nozzle with respect to the central axis of the tower,
The opening area of the upper opening is provided larger than the opening area of the lower opening,
The number of circular openings that form the upper opening is greater than the number of circular openings that form the lower opening .
The temperature reducing tower according to claim 1 ,
The nozzle tip side end of the lower opening is positioned closer to the root side than the nozzle tip side end of the upper opening.

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