JP5735904B2 - Pump system and method for operating the pump system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pump system for flood control for pumping the water in the suction water tank that is connected to the river, in particular, it relates to a pump system capable of emergency operation in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake and tsunami. The invention also relates to a method of operating such a pump system.

  When a flood control pump system is damaged by an earthquake or tsunami, it is necessary to quickly restore it. This is because if the drainage function of the pump system stops, secondary disasters such as inundation will occur, and the area will be greatly damaged.

  As a drive device for driving the pump, a combination of an engine and a reduction gear is widely used from the viewpoint of reliability and maintenance of the pump system as a permanent facility, and a diesel engine or a gas turbine engine is generally used as the engine. Used. Such a drive device has a configuration in which damage due to an earthquake (damage of minute parts such as gears), inundation into the device due to a tsunami, rust, and the like are likely to occur. On the other hand, the structure of the pump is relatively simple and robust, and it is unlikely to be greatly damaged during a disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami. Therefore, if the drive device recovers normally, the pump system can be operated.

JP 2008-233201 A

  When a drive device fails due to a disaster, it is difficult to repair and restore the drive device locally. For this reason, it has been a conventional method to bring the failed drive device to the factory for repair and re-load it to the site to restore the pump function. However, in such a conventional method, it takes several weeks to several months until the drainage function of the entire pump system is restored even though the pump main body is in a state where it can be operated. There was a great risk of generating it.

  A mobile drainage facility such as a drainage pump car may be installed as an emergency response when the above-mentioned functional recovery is not in time. However, the pump system for flood control is a large facility with a pump diameter exceeding 1000 mm, and the capacity of a small capacity pump (caliber is usually around 200 mm) such as a mobile drainage facility is insufficient.

  The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems that actually occurred in the Great East Japan Earthquake, and a pump system capable of promptly performing emergency operation when damaged by a disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami. The purpose is to provide. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating such a pump system.

In order to achieve the above-described object, one reference example of the present invention includes a pump for transferring water, a drive source for driving the pump, and a pulley unit for driving a belt. At least one pulley, a support shaft that supports the pulley, and a radial bearing that rotatably supports the support shaft, and the drive source is connected to the pump via the support shaft, The pulley unit transmits the driving force of the driving source to the pump via the support shaft, and further the driving force of a motor for emergency operation prepared separately from the driving source via the pulley. A pump system characterized by being a power transmission mechanism for transmitting to a motor.

Another reference example of the present invention is a method for operating the pump system, wherein the pump is driven by the drive source via the support shaft in the normal operation, and the pulley is driven by the motor in the emergency operation. The pump is driven through a belt.

One aspect of the present invention includes a pump for transferring water, a drive source for driving the pump, an intermediate shaft for transmitting a driving force of the drive source to the pump, and a pulley unit for driving a belt. The pulley unit includes at least one pulley, a support shaft that supports the pulley, and a radial bearing that rotatably supports the support shaft, and one of the intermediate shaft and the support shaft One is selectively connected to the pump, and the pulley unit transmits power to the pump via the pulley for the driving force of an emergency driving motor prepared separately from the drive source. A pump system characterized by being a mechanism.

  Another aspect of the present invention is a method of operating the pump system, wherein in normal operation, the pump is driven by the drive shaft through the intermediate shaft in normal operation, and in emergency operation, the intermediate shaft is replaced with the intermediate shaft. The support shaft is connected to the pump, and the pump drives the belt through the pulley by the motor.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to drive a pump via a belt using a commercially available motor that can be delivered to the site in a short period of time, instead of the drive source that is inherent to the pump system. Therefore, when a drive device breaks down due to the occurrence of a disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami, the pump system can be promptly operated quickly, and the drainage function of the pump system can be restored.

It is a figure showing a pump system concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged view which shows the pulley unit shown in FIG. It is the figure which looked at the pump system shown in FIG. 1 from the top. It is a figure which shows the example which fixed the pulley directly to the pump shaft. It is a figure which shows the pump system which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the intermediate shaft shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a pulley unit incorporated in the pump system shown in FIG. It is a figure which replaces with the intermediate shaft shown to Fig.6 (a), and shows the pump system in which the pulley unit shown in FIG.6 (b) was integrated. It is a figure which shows the other example of a pulley unit. It is a graph which shows the performance curve at the time of driving a pump using the pulley unit shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, a pump system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below relates to a horizontal axis diagonal flow and axial flow pump. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and may be used for other pump types such as a spiral pump. It can also be applied to pumps.

  As shown in FIG. 1, this pump system is disposed between a pump 10 that transfers water from a suction tank 1 to a discharge tank 2, a drive source 15 that drives the pump 10, and the pump 10 and the drive source 15. And a pulley unit 40 for driving the belt. The pump 10 connects a pump casing 10a, an impeller (not shown) accommodated in the pump casing 10a, a suction pipe 11 connecting the pump casing 10a and the suction water tank 1, and the pump casing 10a and the discharge water tank 2. And a discharge pipe 12. The discharge pipe 12 is provided with a discharge valve 13.

  The pump shaft 16 of the pump 10 is connected to the pulley unit 40 via a coupling 32. The pulley unit 40 is coupled to the output shaft 18 a of the speed reducer 18 via the coupling 33. The drive source 15 is connected to the speed reducer 18 via a coupling 34. A diesel engine or a gas turbine engine is used as the drive source 15. The pump 10 is a so-called horizontal shaft pump in which the pump shaft 16 extends in the horizontal direction.

  The suction pipe 11 extends in the vertical direction, and a suction port 11 a formed at the lower end thereof is located in the water in the suction water tank 1. The lower end of the suction pipe 11 is configured as a bell mouth. The impeller of the pump 10 is arranged above the water surface in the suction water tank 1, and the pump casing 10 a is installed on the installation floor 20 constituting the upper part of the suction water tank 1 via a gantry 21. The downstream side portion of the suction pipe 11 is a curved pipe portion, whereby the suction pipe 11 and the pump casing 10a are smoothly connected. The discharge pipe 12 has a discharge port 12 a that opens in the discharge water tank 2. The discharge port 12 a is located at a position lower than the impeller of the pump 10. The discharge port 12a is provided with a flap valve 22 for preventing a reverse flow of the water transferred to the discharge water tank 2.

  As can be seen from FIG. 1, the suction pipe 11, the pump casing 10a, and the discharge pipe 12 form a siphon-type passage as a whole. A full water detector 30 having an electrode rod inside is provided in the upper part of the pump casing 10a, and the full water detector 30 detects whether the pump casing 10a is filled with water. Further, the inside of the pump casing 10 a communicates with the vacuum pump 31 via the full water detector 30. The vacuum pump 31 is driven by a motor M.

  When starting the pump system, the motor M is operated and the vacuum pump 31 evacuates the inside of the pump casing 10a to form a negative pressure, and the water level in the suction pipe 11 is raised. When the full water detector 30 detects that the inside of the pump casing 10a is filled with water, the impeller is rotated by the drive source 15, the discharge valve 13 is opened, and thereby water is pumped up from the suction water tank 1. It is transferred to the discharge water tank 2.

  One end of the pulley unit 40 is connected to the pump shaft 16 via the coupling 32, and the other end is connected to the output shaft 18 a of the speed reducer 18 via the coupling 33. As shown in FIG. 2, the pulley unit 40 includes a pulley 41 on which a belt is hung, a support shaft 42 that supports the pulley 41, and a radial bearing 43 that is disposed on both sides of the pulley 41 and rotatably supports the support shaft 42. , 43 and a base 44 on which the radial bearings 43, 43 are fixed. The base 44 is detachably fixed to the installation floor 20 shown in FIG.

  At both ends of the support shaft 42, flange portions 45 and 46 constituting a part of the couplings 32 and 33 are fixed, respectively. One end of the support shaft 42 is connected to the pump 10 via the pump shaft 16, and the other end of the support shaft 42 is connected to the drive source 15 via the speed reducer 18. More specifically, one end of the support shaft 42 is connected to the pump shaft 16 via the coupling 32, and the other end of the support shaft 42 is connected to the output shaft 18 a of the speed reducer 18 via the coupling 33. Further, the speed reducer 18 is connected to the drive source 15 through a coupling 34. The pulley unit 40 can be separated from the pump shaft 16 and the output shaft 18a by removing bolts (not shown) of the couplings 32 and 33. Further, by removing the base 40 from the installation floor 20, the entire pulley unit 40 can be removed from the pump system.

  This pulley unit 40 transmits power for driving the pump 10 via a belt by an external motor for emergency operation in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami, when the drive source 15 and / or the speed reducer 18 breaks down. It is provided as a mechanism. In a normal driving state, no belt is hung on the pulley 41 and no external motor is arranged. Therefore, during normal operation, the pulley unit 40 only transmits the driving force of the driving source 15 to the pump 10. That is, in normal operation, the pump 10 is driven by the drive source 15 through the support shaft 42 of the pulley unit 40.

  When the drive source 15 and / or the speed reducer 18 breaks down due to the occurrence of a disaster, a motor 50 is prepared separately from the drive source 15 as shown in FIG. The motor 50 is not a motor dedicated to the pump system but a commercially available general-purpose motor. The motor 50 is disposed adjacent to the pulley unit 40. A belt 55 is wound around the pulley 41 and the motor pulley 51 fixed to the output shaft 50 a of the motor 50, and the driving force of the motor 50 is transmitted to the pulley unit 40 through the belt 55. Therefore, the pump 10 is belt-driven by the motor 50 via the pulley unit 40 and the belt 55. When driving the belt, the bolt (not shown) of the coupling 33 is removed to disconnect the pulley unit 40 and the output shaft 18a of the speed reducer 18 so that the driving force of the motor 50 is not transmitted to the speed reducer 18 and the drive source 15. It is preferable to make it. Alternatively, the drive source 15 and / or the speed reducer 18 may be removed, and repairs may be performed at the manufacturing factory during emergency operation by the motor.

  The pulley 41 of the pulley unit 40 has a diameter larger than the diameter of the motor pulley 51 fixed to the motor 50. Therefore, the rotational speed of the motor 50 is decelerated by the motor pulley 51 and the pulley 41 of the pulley unit 40. Many general-purpose motors that are relatively easily available in an emergency are high-speed motors with a small number of poles. On the other hand, the rotational speed of the pump 10 in the flood control pump system is low. For this reason, since a general-purpose high-speed motor has different specifications, the pump 10 cannot be driven directly. Since the pulley 41 of the pulley unit 40 according to the present embodiment has a larger diameter than the motor pulley 51 fixed to a commercially available general-purpose motor, it is possible to perform an emergency operation of the pump system using a general-purpose high-speed motor. It is possible.

  When the belt is driven, a radial load due to belt tension acts on the pump shaft. This radial load is not taken into account in a bearing provided in a general pump system. Therefore, in order to give sufficient strength to receive the belt tension, it is necessary to review the design and structure (including the wooden pattern), which becomes very expensive. In this respect, the pulley unit 40 includes the radial bearings 43 and 43 that can receive a radial load due to the tension of the belt, so that a reliable and reliable emergency operation is possible. If the pump system can tolerate a radial load when the belt is driven, the pulley 41 may be directly fixed to the pump shaft 16 as shown in FIG.

  In the pump system according to the present embodiment, belt driving using the pulley unit 40 is not performed during normal operation, and belt driving using the pulley unit 40 is performed only during emergency operation such as when a disaster occurs. As described in Patent Document 1, it is conceivable to drive the belt not only in emergency operation but also in normal operation. However, the belt has lower transmission efficiency than the gear reducer, and the belt tension is also low. There are maintenance issues such as management. For this reason, assuming a disaster that occurs once every several decades, configuring a belt-driven pump system is excessive risk management, and lowers maintenance and operational efficiency.

  The present invention is a pump system in which the shaft drive is performed by the drive source 15 via the speed reducer 18 in normal operation and can be switched to belt drive in an emergency, so that maintainability and operation efficiency are improved in normal operation. There is no decline. In addition, when a disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami occurs, the driving method of the pump 10 can be quickly switched from shaft driving to belt driving. Furthermore, even if the drive source 15 and / or the speed reducer 18 breaks down, the pump 10 can be driven without removing and repairing them. Therefore, when the disaster occurs, the drainage function of the pump system can be quickly restored.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the external motor 50 is disposed beside the pulley unit 40, but the external motor 50 may be disposed above the pulley unit 40. When a tsunami or flood occurs, the floor may be flooded, and the external motor 50 may not be installed on the installation floor 20 shown in FIG. In such a case, the external motor 50 can be prevented from being flooded by installing the external motor 50 above the pulley unit 40.

  FIG. 5 is a view showing a pump system according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the pulley unit 40 is not permanently installed and is stored separately. Instead of the pulley unit 40, an intermediate shaft 60 is connected to the pump shaft 16 and the output shaft 18 a of the speed reducer 18. The intermediate shaft 60 is configured to be detachable, and the intermediate shaft 60 is separated from the pump shaft 16 and the output shaft 18a of the speed reducer 18 by removing bolts (not shown) of the couplings 32 and 33 on both sides thereof. It is possible.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the intermediate shaft 60 includes a shaft portion 61 and flange portions 62 and 63 fixed to both ends thereof. These flange portions 62 and 63 constitute parts of couplings 32 and 33 for connection to the pump shaft 16 and the output shaft 18a of the speed reducer 18, respectively. The intermediate shaft 60 is configured to be longer than the axial length of the pulley unit 40 stored separately. FIG.6 (b) is a figure which shows the pulley unit 40 used for the pump system which concerns on this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the basic configuration of the pulley unit 40 is the same as that of the pulley unit 40 shown in FIG. 2, but the length of the support shaft 42 is shorter than that shown in FIG. ing. Further, only the flange portion 45 constituting the coupling 32 for coupling to the pump shaft 16 is provided at one end of the support shaft 42, and no flange portion is provided at the other end. The length L of the intermediate shaft 60 shown in FIG. 6A is longer than the axial length m of the pulley unit 40 shown in FIG. 6B (L> m).

  In this embodiment, in the normal operation, the pump 10 is driven by the drive source 15 via the intermediate shaft 60. However, if the drive source 15 and / or the speed reducer 18 breaks down due to a disaster, the intermediate shaft 60 is driven. Is removed from the pump system, and the pulley unit 40 shown in FIG. 6B is connected to the pump shaft 16. Since the intermediate shaft 60 is configured to be longer than the axial length of the pulley unit 40, the pulley unit 40 is connected to the pump 10 but is not connected to the drive source 15. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the pulley unit 40 is connected only to the pump shaft 16 and is not connected to the output shaft 18 a of the speed reducer 18 connected to the drive source 15.

  At the time of emergency operation, the pump 10 is driven via the belt 55 and the pulley unit 40 by the external motor 50 disposed adjacent to the pulley unit 40 in the same manner as shown in FIG. Thus, also in this embodiment, the drive system of the pump 10 can be quickly switched from the shaft drive via the intermediate shaft 60 by the drive source 15 to the belt drive via the pulley unit 40 by the external motor 50. .

  Unlike the pulley unit 40, no bearing is used for the intermediate shaft 60. Therefore, as long as normal operation is performed, management of the bearing is unnecessary. Therefore, the maintenance cost can be reduced as compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. Furthermore, since the pulley unit 40 is not used in normal operation, the pulley unit 40 can be used as a spare part for emergency response common to a plurality of pump systems having the same configuration. Therefore, the risk management cost required for the pump system can be reduced.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating another example of the pulley unit 40. In this example, the pulley unit 40 includes three pulleys 41a, 41b, and 41c. These three pulleys 41a, 41b, 41c have different diameters and are fixed to the support shaft 42, respectively. The pulley 41a is a large-diameter pulley for low speed, the pulley 41b is a medium-diameter pulley for medium speed, and the pulley 41c is a small-diameter pulley for high speed. When a commercially available general-purpose motor has insufficient output during emergency operation, the load on the motor can be reduced by using a pulley having a larger diameter.

  Further, if the pump is operated at the rated rotational speed when the output of the motor is lower than that required by the pump 10, the motor may be damaged due to overload. In this embodiment, by selecting a pulley having a larger diameter, the pump can be driven at a rotational speed lower than its rated rotational speed, and the load on the motor can be reduced. As described above, the pulley unit 40 according to the present embodiment enables a pump drive according to the output of a general-purpose motor available in an emergency, and therefore has a wide range of correspondence in an emergency (that is, even a motor with a low output). It is a reliable pump system that can be driven.

  FIG. 9 is a graph showing a performance curve when the pump 10 is driven using the pulley unit 40 shown in FIG. Compared to the case where the small-diameter pulley 41c is used, when the medium-diameter pulley 41b is used, the power P for driving the pump is reduced, but the drainage amount Q is also slightly reduced. However, even in this case, a minimum drainage function can be secured by operating the pump system. Therefore, the worst situation of “zero drainage capacity” can be avoided, and it functions as a highly reliable emergency pump system.

  By providing a plurality of pulleys having different diameters, the pulley unit 40 can be used in various pump systems having different capacities (different rotation speeds). Therefore, the pulley unit 40 can be stored as common equipment that can be used in many pump systems, and the economic efficiency and maintenance can be further improved. Of course, a plurality of pulleys shown in FIG. 8 can also be applied to the pulley unit 40 shown in FIG. In the pulley unit 40 described so far, it is preferable to provide a protective cover for covering the pulley from the viewpoint of safety.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described so far, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical concept defined by the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Suction water tank 2 Discharge water tank 10 Pump 10a Pump casing 11 Suction pipe 11a Suction port 12 Discharge pipe 13 Discharge valve 15 Drive source 16 Pump shaft 18 Reduction gear 20 Installation floor 21 Base 22 Flap valve 30 Full detector 31 Vacuum pumps 32, 33 , 34 Coupling 40 Pulley unit 41, 41a, 41b, 41c Pulley 42 Support shaft 43 Radial bearing 44 Base 45, 46 Flange portion 50 External motor 51 Motor pulley 55 Belt 60 Intermediate shaft 61 Shaft portion 62, 63 Flange portion

Claims (4)

A pump for transferring water;
A drive source for driving the pump;
An intermediate shaft for transmitting the driving force of the driving source to the pump;
A pulley unit for driving the belt,
The pulley unit has at least one pulley, a support shaft that supports the pulley, and a radial bearing that rotatably supports the support shaft,
Either one of the intermediate shaft and the support shaft is selectively connected to the pump,
The pump system, wherein the pulley unit is a power transmission mechanism for transmitting a driving force of a motor for emergency operation prepared separately from the driving source to the pump via the pulley. The pump system according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate shaft is longer than an axial length of the pulley unit. The pulley pump system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of pulleys having different diameters. A method for operating the pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
In normal operation, the pump is shaft driven by the drive source via the intermediate shaft,
In the emergency operation, the support shaft is connected to the pump instead of the intermediate shaft, and the motor belt drives the pump via the pulley.

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