JP5727826B2 - Self-restoring damper unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a unitized damper having a self-restoring ability.

  In this invention, a damper unit is installed in the frame structure which consists of a beam and a column, and the seismic performance of a structure is improved by exhibiting the damping effect with respect to the shear force added to a damper unit.

  Patent Document 1 in which a shear panel type damper is disposed at a joint portion of a brace material is an example of a method similar to the present invention. In Patent Document 1, a shear panel type damper is installed at the center of a beam supported by two columns, one end of a pair of braces arranged in an inverted V shape is pin-coupled to the center of the column, and the other end A seismic control structure has been proposed that couples to a damper.

  In Patent Document 2, a shear panel type damper is unitized including a mounting jig and the like, thereby improving design freedom and workability.

  However, if the structural member including the damper becomes plastic, a residual displacement is generated in the structure even after the earthquake. Therefore, it is necessary to return the structure to its original position, for example, by replacing the damaged damper.

  Patent Document 3 proposes a framework structure to be applied to a viaduct such as an urban highway, which has two bridge piers, a beam supported by them, a prestressed PC steel bar, and a shaft. Consists of a yield type damper. The beam is semi-rigidly connected to each column, and the PC steel bar penetrates the inside of each column vertically. Axial yield type dampers are installed at the beam-column joints and the respective column bases. Self-restoring ability is introduced into the frame by prestressed PC steel bars. Therefore, the work of returning the frame structure to the original position after the earthquake is unnecessary.

  However, a large-scale mechanism is required, such as passing a PC steel rod through the pier, and it is difficult to construct the existing pier. Therefore, the application of this structure is limited to new piers.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-227126, Bridge, and Method for Strengthening Seismic Strength of Bridge, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. JP2008-303686, shear panel type damper and structure for mounting shear panel type damper to structure, Yokogawa Bridge Holdings Co., Ltd. JP2008-297720, Non-damaged self-restoring seismic isolation and control mechanism for steel bridges, Yoshiaki Goto

  a) In the structure where only the dampers of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are installed, the plastic deformation caused by the maximum earthquake remains even after the earthquake. For this reason, residual displacement occurs in the entire structure, and work for returning to the original position, such as replacing a damaged damper, is necessary.

  b) Patent Document 3 is a seismic control mechanism with self-restoration capability, but requires a large-scale mechanism such as a PC steel rod penetrating the structural body, and it is necessary to design it integrally with the entire bridge. Therefore, it is inferior to the freedom of design and the simplicity of construction.

  c) Because of structural limitations, it is necessary to use a shear panel type damper in Patent Document 2 and an axial yield type damper in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 3 as energy absorbing members.

  In view of the above points, the present invention aims to improve seismic performance during an earthquake by installing it in a structure.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a self-restoring damper unit that is installed in a structure and absorbs seismic energy,
Lower beam,
The upper beam installed at a position facing and parallel to the lower beam,
A left column installed between the left end of the lower beam and the left end of the upper beam;
A right column installed between the right end of the lower beam and the right end of the upper beam;
An energy absorber installed in a frame composed of a lower beam, an upper beam, a left column, a right column for absorption of seismic energy,
The upper beam and upper end are joined near the upper part of the left column, the bar that joins the lower beam and lower end near the lower part of the left column, and the upper beam and upper end are joined near the upper part of the right column. And a bar that joins the lower beam and the lower end near the lower part of the right column,
Be provided with,
The joint with the structure is provided on the left column and the right column;
Self-restoring damper unit characterized by

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the self-restoring damper unit according to the first aspect, the left column is semi-rigidly joined to the upper beam and the lower beam by the compressive force introduced by the left bar. And
The self-restoring damper unit, wherein the right column is semi-rigidly joined to the upper beam and the lower beam by a compressive force introduced by the right bar.

In the invention according to claim 3, in the self-recovery damper unit according to claim 2, the left bar is inserted into the left column,
The right bar is inserted into the right column.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the self-restoring damper unit according to the second aspect, the pair of left bars are located at an equal distance from the left column so as not to disturb the behavior of the energy absorbing device. Installed in
The pair of bars on the right side is characterized in that it is installed at a position separated from the right column by an equal distance so as not to disturb the behavior of the energy absorbing device.

In the invention according to claim 5, in the self-restoring damper unit according to claim 2, the upper end of the left column, the lower end of the left column, the upper end of the right column, and the lower end of the right column have a convex curved surface. ,
The upper left contact portion on the upper beam, the lower left contact portion on the lower beam, the upper right contact portion on the upper beam, and the lower right contact portion on the lower beam have a concave curved surface.

In the invention according to claim 6, in the self-restoring damper unit according to claim 5, the shape of the convex curved surface is basically a part of a hemisphere having a radius R1,
The shape of the concave surface is basically a part of a hemisphere with radius R2,
The radius R2 is larger than the radius R1.

In the invention according to claim 7, in the self-restoring damper unit according to claim 5, the convex curved surface is a side surface of a cylinder having a radius R3,
The concave curved surface is the side of the cylinder with radius R4,
The radius R4 is characterized by being larger than the radius R3.

In the invention according to claim 8, in the self-restoring damper unit according to claim 2, the upper end of the left column, the lower end of the left column, the upper end of the right column, and the lower end of the right column are Is a plane,
The upper left contact part on the upper beam, the lower left contact part on the lower beam, the upper right contact part on the upper beam, and the lower right contact part on the lower beam have a rectangular concave surface with a tapered side surface. It is characterized by having.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the self-restoring damper unit according to the first aspect, the energy absorbing device includes a first axial yield type damper and a second axial yield type damper,
One end of the first axis yielding damper is connected to either the upper beam or the left column,
The other end of the first axis yield type damper is coupled to either the lower beam or the right column,
One end of the second axis yield type damper is connected to either the upper beam or the right column,
The other end of the second axis yield type damper is connected to either the lower beam or the left column.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the self-restoring damper unit according to the first aspect, the energy absorbing device is a shear panel in which an outer periphery is fixed by the frame that is shear-deformed by seismic force and is deformed along with the shear deformation of the frame. It is characterized by including.

  According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the self-restoring damper unit according to the tenth aspect, the shape of the shear panel is a plane obtained by cutting off four corners from the rectangle defined by the inner portion of the frame. And

In the invention according to claim 12, in the self-restoring damper unit according to claim 2, the left column includes an upper end portion and a lower end portion having a convex curved shape,
The right column includes an upper end and a lower end having a convex curved shape,
The lower beam has a lower left contact portion in contact with the left column having a concave curved surface shape on the upper left surface and a lower right contact portion in contact with the right column having a concave curved surface shape on the upper right surface. Including
The upper beam includes an upper left contact portion that contacts the left column having a concave curved surface shape on the lower left surface, and an upper right contact portion that has a concave curved surface shape on the lower right surface and contacts the left column. It is characterized by that.

In the invention according to claim 13, in the self-restoring damper unit according to claim 12, the convex curved surface at the upper end of the left column is basically a part of a hemisphere having a radius r1,
The convex curved surface at the lower end of the left column is basically a part of a hemisphere with a radius r2,
Convex surface in the upper end of the right column is part of a hemisphere of essentially radial r3,
The convex curved surface at the lower end of the right column is basically a part of a hemisphere with a radius r4,
The shape of the concave curved surface of the upper left contact portion on the upper beam is a part of a hemisphere having a radius larger than the radius r1,
The shape of the concave curved surface of the lower left contact portion on the lower beam is a part of a hemisphere having a radius larger than the radius r2.
The shape of the concave curved surface of the upper right contact portion on the upper beam is a part of a hemisphere having a radius larger than the radius r3,
The shape of the concave curved surface of the lower right contact portion on the lower beam is a part of a hemisphere having a radius larger than the radius r4.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the self-restoring damper unit according to any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, the bar is a PC steel bar.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an installation example when the self-restoring damper unit according to the first embodiment is applied to an arch bridge. FIG. 2 is a front view of the self-restoring damper unit shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the upper beam shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the lower beam shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a front view of the self-restoring damper unit shown in FIG. 2 in an initial state. 6 is a front view when a shearing force is applied to the self-restoring damper unit shown in FIG. 7 is a front view of the self-restoring damper unit shown in FIG. 2 when a shearing force in the direction opposite to that in FIG. 6 is applied. FIG. 8 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the self-restoring damper unit. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the lower beam and the shear panel portion shown in FIG. 10 is a front view of the self-restoring damper unit shown in FIG. 8 in an initial state. FIG. 11 is a front view when a shearing force is applied to the self-restoring damper unit shown in FIG. 12 is a front view of the self-restoring damper unit shown in FIG. 10 when a shearing force in the direction opposite to that in FIG. 11 is applied. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the lower beam shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a perspective view in the case where the improvement 1 is added to the lower beam portion shown in FIG. FIG. 15 is a perspective view when the improvement 1 is added to the left pillar shown in FIG. FIG. 16 is a perspective view when the improvement 2 is added to the lower beam portion shown in FIG. FIG. 17 is a perspective view when the improvement 2 is added to the left column shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing the behavior when the improvements of FIGS. 16 and 17 are added to the beam and the column portion. FIG. 19 is a front view in the case where the method of connecting the shaft yield type damper and the frame shown in FIG. 2 is improved. FIG. 20 is a front view in the case where the method of connecting the shaft yield type damper and the frame shown in FIG. 2 is improved. FIG. 21 is a plan view of the case where the arrangement of the PC steel bars shown in FIG. 3 is improved. FIG. 22 is a plan view of the case where the arrangement of the PC steel bars shown in FIG. 4 is improved. FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which a nut is improved. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an installation example when the present invention is applied to a truss bridge. FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example in which a self-restoring damper unit is installed in the entire space consisting of bridge beams and columns. FIG. 26 shows the internal structure in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 27 shows an operation mechanism during an earthquake in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an installation example when the present invention is applied to a truss bridge.

(First embodiment)
First, an outline of the embodiment will be described. For the purpose of suppressing the occurrence of residual deformation after the earthquake of the above problem a), a self-restoring capability is imparted by introducing a mechanism similar to that of Patent Document 3 into the damper unit.

  In order to eliminate the difficulty caused by the large-scale mechanism in the above problem b), the self-restoring mechanism realized in the bridge body is completed only in the damper unit. That is, in Patent Document 3, the PC steel bar and the shaft yielding type damper are individually attached to the bridge body, but in the present invention, the PC steel bar and the damper are fixed to the outer peripheral frame of the damper unit and integrated with the damper unit. As a result, the damper unit itself can have the self-restoring ability.

  In the prior art, the shape of the damper used for the energy absorbing member of the above problem c) is limited. However, in the present invention, the energy absorbing member can be freely arranged as long as it fits in the damper unit. Thereby, various dampers can be used as the energy absorbing member. In particular, a maintenance-free seismic isolation / seismic structure can be realized by designing the energy absorbing member so that it does not deteriorate due to repeated loading during an earthquake.

  FIG. 1 shows a structure in which a damper unit 10 according to the first embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “first damper unit 10”) is attached to an arch bridge as an installation example.

  The first damper unit 10 is disposed between the members 1, 2 and 3. The upper part of the first damper unit 10 is coupled to the members 2 and 3. The seismic force is transmitted to the first damper unit 10 through the arch members 1, 2 and 3. It should be noted that in the conventional bridge in which the first damper unit 10 is not used, the bridge members 2 and 3 are directly rigidly connected to the bridge member 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the first damper unit 10 includes a lower beam 11, an upper beam 12, a left column 21, a right column 22, a left PC steel bar 31 (bar), and a right side. PC steel bar 32 (bar material) and shaft yield type dampers 41 and 42. The lower beam 11, the upper beam 12, the left column 21, and the right column 22 constitute a semi-rigid frame.

  The lower beam 11 basically has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. In this example, the lower beam 11 has a hollow box-shaped cross section constituted by a thick plate. The lower beam 11 has sufficient strength and rigidity. The shape of the lower beam 11 may be a solid rectangular parallelepiped. The lower beam 11 may be made of a material other than steel.

  The lower beam 11 is in contact with the bridge member at the lower surface portion 11LS, and is coupled to the bridge member. Both ends of the lower beam 11 can be provided with flanges 11a. The flange 11a has a bolt hole H for passing a bolt. The lower beam 11 can be connected to the bridge member by a bolt and a nut in a bolt hole H. The lower column 11 may be rigidly connected to the bridge member by a method other than bolts and nuts.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the lower beam 11 includes a lower left contact portion 11b and a lower right contact portion 11c.

  The lower left contact portion 11b is disposed on the left side of the lower beam 11. The lower left contact portion 11b is disposed on the upper surface 11US of the lower beam 11. The lower left contact portion 11b has a concave curved surface. Specifically, the shape of the concave curved surface of the lower left contact portion 11b is one part of a hemisphere.

  The lower right contact portion 11b is disposed on the left side of the lower beam 11 (near the left end of the lower beam 11). The lower right contact portion 11b is disposed on the upper surface 11US of the lower beam 11. The lower left contact portion 11b has a concave curved surface. Specifically, the shape of the concave curved surface of the lower left contact portion 11b is one part of a hemisphere.

  Further, the lower beam 11 has a lower left joint 11d and a lower right joint 11e.

  The lower left joint 11d is disposed on the lower surface 11LS on the left side of the lower beam 11. The lower left joint portion 11d has a concave surface having a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The through hole Ha is disposed between the lower left contact portion 11b and the lower left joint portion 11d.

  The lower right joint 11e is disposed on the lower surface 11LS on the right side of the lower beam 11. The lower left joint 11e has a concave surface having the same shape as the lower right joint 11d. The through hole Hb is disposed between the lower right contact portion 11c and the lower right joint portion 11e.

  Further, the lower beam 11 has a bracket portion 11f on the lower left and a bracket portion 11g on the right.

  The left bracket portion 11f is disposed on the left side of the lower beam 11 (in the vicinity of the lower left contact portion 11b). As shown in FIG. 4, the left bracket portion 11 f is a protrusion that extends from the rear side surface 11 RR of the lower beam 11 toward the inside. The left bracket portion 11f has a flat portion parallel to the rear side surface 11RR of the lower beam 11. This flat part has a hole for pin connection.

  The right bracket portion 11g is disposed on the right side of the lower beam 11 (in the vicinity of the lower right contact portion 11c). As shown in FIG. 4, the right bracket portion 11g is a protrusion disposed on the front side surface 11FR of the lower beam 11 positioned in parallel with the rear side surface 11RR of the beam 11. The right bracket portion 11g has the same shape as the left bracket portion 11f. The right bracket portion 11g is a protrusion that faces the inside of the lower beam 11, and has a flat portion parallel to the front side surface 11FR. This flat part has a hole for pin connection.

  The upper beam 12 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The size of the upper beam 12 is approximately the same as that of the lower beam 11. The upper beam 12 is spaced from the lower beam 11 and is placed opposite and parallel.

  In this example, the upper beam 12 has a hollow box-shaped cross section constituted by a thick plate. The upper beam 12 has sufficient strength and rigidity. The shape of the upper beam 12 may be a solid rectangular parallelepiped. The upper beam 12 may be made of a material other than steel.

  The plate 12a is coupled to the upper surface 12US of the upper beam 12. The plate 12a has a plurality of bolt holes. As described above, the upper beam 12 is coupled to the plate member 12a using a bridge member, bolts and nuts.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper beam 12 has an upper left contact portion 12b and an upper right contact portion 12c.

  The upper left contact portion 12b is disposed on the left side of the upper beam 12 (near the left end of the upper beam 12). The lower left contact portion 11b has a concave curved surface and is disposed on the lower surface 12LS of the upper beam 12. Specifically, the shape of the concave curved surface of the lower left contact portion 11b is one part of a hemisphere. In this example, the shape of the upper left contact portion 12b is the same as that of the lower left contact portion 11b.

  The upper right contact portion 12c is disposed on the right side of the upper beam 12 (near the right end of the upper beam). The upper right contact portion 12c has the same concave curved surface as the upper left contact portion 12b. That is, the shape of the upper right contact portion 12c is a part of a hemisphere. The upper right contact portion 12c is disposed on the lower surface 12LS of the upper beam 12. In this example, the shape of the upper right contact portion 12c is the same as that of the lower left contact portion 11c. The upper right contact portion 12c is arranged to face the lower left contact portion 11c.

  As described above, the lower left contact portion 11b, the lower right contact portion 11c, the upper left contact portion 12b, and the upper right contact portion 12c all have the same shape. For convenience, the radius of each contact portion is referred to as “radius R2”.

  The upper beam 12 has a left bracket portion 12d and a right bracket portion 12e.

  The left bracket portion 12d is disposed on the left side of the upper beam 12 (near the upper left contact portion 12b). As shown in FIG. 3, the left bracket 12 d is a protrusion that extends from the front side surface 12 FR of the upper beam 12 toward the inner side of the upper beam 12. The left bracket portion 12d has a flat portion parallel to the front side surface 12FR.

  The right bracket portion 12e is disposed on the right side of the upper beam 12 (near the upper right contact portion 12c). The right bracket portion 12e is a protrusion disposed on 12RR that is disposed opposite and parallel to the front side surface 12FR of the upper beam on which the left bracket 12e is disposed. The right bracket portion 12e has the same shape as the left bracket portion 12d. The right bracket portion 12e is a protrusion that faces the inside of the upper beam 12, and has a flat portion parallel to the rear side surface 12RR. This flat part has a hole for pin connection.

  The left column 21 is a cylinder. The left column 21 has a solid cross section and has a through hole He along the axis of the left column 21. In this example, the left column 21 is made of steel. The left column 21 has sufficient rigidity and strength. The left column 21 may be made of a material other than steel.

  The left column 21 is installed between the lower beam 11 and the left end of the upper beam 12 to support the upper and lower beams 12 and 11. Although details will be described later, the left column 21 is semi-rigidly joined to the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 11 by a compression force introduced by the PC steel rod 31.

  The upper end portion 21a of the left column 21 has a convex curved surface shape. Specifically, the upper end 21a is basically a part of a hemisphere having a radius r1. The radius r1 is smaller than the radius of the upper left contact portion 12b located on the upper beam 12. In the initial state, the upper end portion 21a contacts the upper left contact portion 12b on the upper beam 12 coaxially.

  The lower end 21b of the left column 21 has a convex curved surface. Specifically, the lower end 21b is basically a part of a hemisphere having a radius r2. The radius r2 is smaller than the radius of the lower left contact portion 11b located on the lower beam 11. In this example, the lower end 21b has the same shape as the upper end 21a (r1 = r2). In the initial state, the lower end portion 21b is in coaxial contact with the lower left contact portion 11b on the lower beam 11.

  The right column 22 is the same as the left column 21. That is, the right column 22 has the same cylindrical shape as the left column 21. The right column 22 has a solid cross section and has a through hole Hf along the axis of the right column 22. In this example, the right column 22 is made of steel. The right column 22 has sufficient rigidity and strength. The right column 22 may be made of a material other than steel.

  The right column 22 is installed between the lower beam 11 and the right end of the upper beam 12 to support the upper and lower beams 12 and 11. Although details will be described later, the right column 22 is semi-rigidly joined to the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 11 by a compressive force introduced by the PC steel rod 32.

  The upper end portion 22a of the right column 22 has a convex curved surface shape. Specifically, the upper end portion 22a is basically a part of a hemisphere having a radius r3. The radius r3 is smaller than the radius of the upper right contact portion 12c located on the upper beam 12. The upper end 22a has the same shape as the upper end 21a. In the initial state, the upper end portion 22a contacts the upper right contact portion 12c on the upper beam 12 on the same axis.

  The lower end 22b of the right column 22 has a convex curved surface shape. Specifically, the lower end 22b is basically a part of a hemisphere having a radius r4. The radius r4 is smaller than the radius of the lower right contact portion 11c located on the lower beam 11. The lower end 22b has the same shape as the upper end 22a (r3 = r4). The lower end 22b is the same as the lower end 21b. In the initial state, the lower end portion 22b contacts the lower left contact portion 11c on the lower beam 11 coaxially.

  As described above, the upper end 21a, the lower end 21b, the upper end 22a, and the lower end 22b have the same shape. Accordingly, the radii r1, r2, r3 and r4 are equal. For convenience, r1, r2, r3 and r4 will be referred to as radius R1. The aforementioned radius R2 is larger than the deformation R1.

  The left PC steel bar 31 penetrates the left column 21 along the axis of the left column 21. That is, the left PC steel rod 31 penetrates through the through hole He of the left column 21 (the PC steel rod 31 is inserted into the left column 21). The clearance between the left PC steel bar 31 and the through hole He of the left column 21 is sufficiently secured so as not to hinder the movement of the PC steel bar 31. The left PC steel bar 31 penetrates the lower beam 11. That is, the left PC steel bar 31 penetrates the through hole Ha of the lower beam 11. Further, the left PC steel bar 31 penetrates the upper beam 12. That is, the left PC steel rod 31 penetrates the through hole Hc of the upper beam 12. The clearance between the left PC steel bar 31 and the through hole Ha and the left PC steel bar 31 and the through hole Hc is sufficiently secured so as not to hinder the movement of the PC steel bar 31. That is, the PC steel bar 31 does not contact the inner surfaces of the through holes Ha and Hc.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the upper end portion 31 a of the left PC steel bar 31 protrudes on the upper surface 12 US of the upper beam 12. The upper end 31a is threaded and fastened with a nut N1.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the lower end 31b of the left PC steel bar 31 protrudes to the lower left connecting portion 11d. The lower end 31b is threaded and fastened with a nut N2.

  By tightening the nut N1 and the nut N2, a tensile force is introduced into the right PC steel rod 31. Therefore, the column 21 is semi-rigidly joined to the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 11 by the compression force introduced by the left PC steel rod 31.

  The left PC steel bar 32 penetrates the right column 22 along the axis of the right column 22. That is, the right PC steel rod 32 penetrates through the through hole Hf of the right column 22 (the PC steel rod 32 is inserted into the right column 22). The clearance between the right PC steel rod 32 and the through hole Hf of the right column 22 is sufficiently secured so as not to hinder the movement of the PC steel rod 32. The right PC steel bar 32 penetrates the lower beam 11. That is, the right PC steel rod 32 penetrates the through hole Hb of the lower beam 11. Further, the right PC steel bar 32 penetrates the upper beam 12. That is, the right PC steel bar 32 penetrates the through hole Hd of the upper beam 12. The gap between the left PC steel rod 31 and the through hole Hb and the left PC steel rod 31 and the through hole Hd is sufficiently secured so as not to hinder the movement of the PC steel rod 31. That is, the PC steel bar 31 does not contact the inner surfaces of the through holes Hb and Hd.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the upper end portion 32 a of the right PC steel bar 32 protrudes on the upper surface 12 US of the upper beam 12. The upper end portion 32a is threaded and fastened with a nut N3.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the lower end portion 32b of the left PC steel bar 32 protrudes to the lower left connecting portion 11e. The lower end 32b is threaded and fastened with a nut N4.

  By tightening the nut N3 and the nut N4, a tensile force is introduced into the right PC steel bar 32. Therefore, the column 22 is semi-rigidly joined to the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 11 by the compressive force introduced by the right PC steel rod 32.

  The upper end of the shaft yielding type damper 41 is pin-coupled to the left bracket portion 12d of the upper beam 12. The lower end of the shaft yielding type damper 41 is pin-coupled to the right bracket portion 11g of the lower beam 11.

  The axial yield damper 42 is the same as the axial yield damper 41. The upper end of the shaft yielding damper 42 is pin-coupled to the right bracket portion 12e of the upper beam 12. The lower end of the shaft yielding damper 42 is pin-coupled to the left bracket portion 11f of the lower beam 11.

  Therefore, the shaft yield type damper 41 is basically arranged to connect a pair of diagonals of the outer peripheral frame. The axial yield type damper 42 is basically arranged to connect a pair of diagonal frames.

  That is, the axial yield type damper 41 and the axial yield type damper 42 arranged on the frame constituted by the lower beam 11, the upper beam 12, the left column 21 and the right column 22 are used for the seismic energy acting on the frame. Configure the mechanism to absorb.

  Next, the mechanism of the damper unit 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  At all times when the earthquake does not act, the damper unit 10 maintains the initial shape as shown in FIG.

  In the event of an earthquake, seismic force acts on the damper unit 10 via a bridge member coupled to the damper unit 10.

  FIG. 6 shows a state in which the force F1 acts on the upper beam 12 and the left beam 11 via the bridge member and the force F2 acts on the lower beam 11 rightward.

  Due to the compressive force introduced by the left PC steel bar 31, the left column 21 partially contacts the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 11. However, the left column 21 is connected to the upper beam 12 by the semi-rigid connection between the left column 21 and the upper beam 12 and the semi-rigid connection between the left column 21 and the lower beam 11. A rotational movement is possible with respect to the lower beam 11.

  Furthermore, as described above, the radius r1 is smaller than the upper left contact portion 12b, and the radius r2 is smaller than the lower left contact portion 11b (see FIG. 2). Therefore, the left column 21 rotates smoothly while being in contact with the lower beam 11 and the upper beam 12.

  Similarly, the right column 22 partially contacts the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 11 by the compressive force introduced by the right PC steel bar 32. However, due to the semi-rigid connection between the right column 22 and the upper beam 12 and the semi-rigid connection between the right column 22 and the lower beam 11, the left column 21 is connected to the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 12. Rotational movement with respect to the side beam 11 is possible.

  Furthermore, as described above, the radius r3 is smaller than the upper right contact portion 12c, and the radius r4 is smaller than the lower right contact portion 11c (see FIG. 2). Therefore, the right column 22 rotates smoothly while being in contact with the lower beam 11 and the upper beam 12.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, when relative rotation and separation occur between the beam and the column, the shaft yield damper 41 is compressed and the shaft yield damper 42 is tensile deformed. Energy absorption occurs due to the plastic deformation of these axial yield dampers 41 and 42.

  At the same time, tensile deformation occurs in the left PC steel bar 31 and the right PC steel bar 32. However, the pre-stress introduced in advance generates a shrinking internal force on the PC steel bar itself. This force restores the original position where the length of the PC steel bar is shortest after the earthquake.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the action of the above-mentioned PC steel rod eliminates the residual deformation of the axial yield type dampers 41 and 42 generated at the time of the earthquake, and realizes a self-restoring mechanism as a damper unit. Therefore, restoration work after an earthquake such as returning the framework structure to the original position or replacing the damper unit 10 is unnecessary. In other words, it can be said that the damper unit 10 is maintenance-free against a maximum earthquake.

  FIG. 7 shows a state in which conjugate shear forces F3 and F4 act on the respective beams in the opposite directions to F1 and F2. In this case, the damper unit 10 exhibits the same behavior as that shown in FIG.

  In other words, the plastic deformation on the compression side occurs in the axial yield type damper 42 and the plastic deformation on the tensile side occurs in the axial yield type damper 41, and large energy absorption is performed.

At the same time, the left and right PC steel bars 31 and 32 exhibit the same behavior as that shown in FIG. As described above, the damper unit 10 has both the self-restoration characteristic and the energy absorption characteristic.
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 8 shows a self-restoring damper unit 50 (hereinafter referred to as “damper unit 50”) as a second embodiment of the present invention. The damper unit 50 can be applied to the arch bridge BR and other structures like the damper unit 10.

  The damper unit 50 is different only in that a shear panel 60 is disposed at a place where shaft yield type dampers 41 and 42 as energy absorbing devices in the damper unit 10 are installed.

  The shear panel 60 is basically rectangular. More specifically, the shear panel 60 is a rectangular plate defined by the inner part of the frame. Cut off the four vertices of the shear panel. The shape of the cut-out portions 61-64 is basically a quarter arc, but may be other shapes such as a triangle.

  The shear panel 60 is disposed in the frame and deforms with the shear behavior of the frame. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, the two joining parts 11h are rigidly connected to the upper surface 11US of the lower beam 11, and the shear panel 60 is sandwiched between the two joining parts 11h, so that the lower beam 11 is connected by bolts and nuts penetrating the two joining parts. Similarly, the shear panel 60 is coupled to the upper beam 12, the left column 21, and the right column 22. The shear panel 60 may be coupled to the lower beam 11, the upper beam 12, the left column 21, and the right column 22 by a method different from the above.

  As shown in FIGS. 10, 11, and 12, the damper unit 50 behaves similarly to the damper unit 10. Therefore, the seismic energy is absorbed by the shear panel 60 functioning as an energy absorbing device.

  Further, when the frame is deformed by a shearing force, the left PC steel bar 31 and the right PC steel bar 32 return to the initial arrangement in which their length is the shortest. As a result, the residual deformation of the shear panel 60 is eliminated. That is, the damper unit 50 exhibits self-restoring characteristics. Therefore, maintenance such as repair and replacement of the damper unit 50 is unnecessary.

  The shear panel 60 can be smoothly deformed by the cut portions 61-64. This is because the frame does not suppress the deformation of the shear panel when the frame is deformed by the seismic force.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified to an appropriate form without departing from the scope of the invention.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 13, in the above embodiment, the lower left contact portion 11b, the lower right contact portion 11c, the upper left contact portion 12b, and the upper right contact portion 12c are concave curved surfaces as part of a hemisphere. . However, as shown in FIG. 14, the lower left contact portion 11b, the lower right contact portion 11c, the upper left contact portion 12b, and the upper right contact portion 12c may be a concave curved surface as a part of a radius R4 cylinder.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 15, the lower end 21b and upper end 21a of the left column 21 and the lower end 22b and upper end 22a of the right column 22 have a cylindrical shape with a radius R3 (R3 <R4). . Also in this shape, the left and right columns 21 and 22 can rotate smoothly.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 16, the lower left contact portion 11b, the lower right contact portion 11c, the upper left contact portion 12b, and the upper right contact portion 12c may be concave surfaces having a rectangular shape. In this case, as shown in FIG. 17, the lower end portion 21b and upper end portion 21a of the left column 21 and the lower end portion 22b and upper end portion 22a of the right column 22 have flat portions. That is, when the lower left contact portion 11b, the lower right contact portion 11c, the upper left contact portion 12b, and the upper right contact portion 12c are rectangular concave surfaces, the shapes of the left and right columns 21 and 22 are rectangular parallelepipeds.

  In the above shape, as shown in FIG. 18, the lift amount D of the column 21 (or column 22) increases with the shear deformation of the frame that occurs during an earthquake. Therefore, the PC steel bar 31 (or PC steel bar 32) is more effectively stretched and the compression force is increased. This enhances the self-restoring characteristics of the damper unit. At this time, the concave side surface is tapered so as not to hinder the rotation of the column at the contact portion.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the end portions of the shaft yielding damper 41 may be pin-coupled to the left column 21 and the right column 22, respectively. Similarly, the end portion of the shaft yielding type damper 42 may be pin-connected to the left column 21 and the right column 22. Each shaft yield type damper may be pin-connected to one end with a pillar and the other end to a beam.

  Furthermore, all of the shaft yield type dampers 41 and 42 and the shear panel 60 may be installed in the damper unit.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, a set of PC steel bars 101 a and 101 b may be used instead of the PC steel bar 31. The PC steel bars 101a and 101b are connected to the upper and lower beams 12,11. The PC steel bars 101a and 101b are installed at an equal distance from the left column 21 so as not to disturb the behavior of the dampers (41, 42, 60).

  In particular, in this modification, the PC steel bars 101a and 101b are arranged at positions symmetrical with respect to the left column 21 and are not installed inside the left column 21. In the initial state of the frame, the straight line SL1 passing through the centers of the PC steel bars 101a and 101b is orthogonal to the straight line SL2 passing through the central axes of the left column 21 and the right column 22.

  The PC steel rod 101a passes through the hole of the upper beam 12, and is fastened to the upper beam 12 by a nut N1a at the upper end of the threaded 101a. Similarly, the PC steel rod 101a passes through the hole of the lower beam 11, and is fastened to the lower beam 11 by a nut N2a at the lower end of the threaded 101a. The other PC steel bar 101b is also fastened to the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 11 in the same manner as the PC steel bar 101a.

  Therefore, the left column 21 is semi-rigidly connected to the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 11 by the compressive force introduced by the PC steel bars 101a and 101b.

  Similarly, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the PC steel bars 102 a and 102 b may be used in place of the right PC steel bar 32. The PC steel bars 102a and 102b are connected to the upper and lower beams 12, 11. The PC steel bars 102a and 102b are installed at an equal distance from the right column 22 so as not to disturb the behavior of the dampers (41, 42, 60).

  The PC steel bars 102a and 102b are arranged at positions symmetrical with respect to the right column 22 and are not installed inside the right column. In the initial state of the frame, a straight line SL3 passing through the centers of the PC steel bars 102a and 102b is orthogonal to SL2. The PC steel bars 102a and 102b are fastened to the upper and lower beams 12 and 11 in the same manner as the PC steel bar 101a.

  Therefore, the right column 22 is semi-rigidly connected to the upper beam 12 and the lower beam 11 by the compressive force introduced by the PC steel bars 102a and 102b.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 23, a nut Nx having a hemispherical seat may be used instead of nuts N1, N2, N3, N4, N1a, N1b, N2a, N2b, N3a, N3b, N4a, and N4b. . In this case, the PC steel bars 31, 32, 101a, 101b, 102a and 102b can be expanded and contracted more smoothly.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 23, this damper can also be applied to a truss bridge.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 24, it is possible to install not only for the joint portion but also for the entire space inside the framework structure as shown in FIG. In this case, larger self-restoration ability and energy absorption can be performed as compared with the one used for the joint.
(Third embodiment)
The damper is not only used at the joint as in the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 24, but can also be installed in the entire space inside the framework structure as shown in FIG. In this case, larger self-restoration ability and energy absorption can be performed as compared with the one used for the joint.

  FIG. 25 shows a structure in which a damper unit is attached to an arch bridge as an installation example. In the installation example of FIG. 25, the damper unit is installed in a space surrounded by the left and right column members 2a and 2b and the upper and lower beam members 3a and 3b, which are bridge bodies (structures). The column member 2 a is joined to the column member 2 b at the joint 6. The joint portions 4 and 5 are provided on the left and right members 21 and 22.

  FIG. 26 shows the internal structure of the embodiment of the damper unit. This structure includes an outer peripheral frame portion (members 11, 12, 21, and 22), a PC steel bar (members 31 and 32), and an energy absorbing member (members 41 and 42). First, the outer peripheral frame is composed of a member having sufficient rigidity and strength. The left and right members 21 and 22 are arranged so as to be sandwiched between the upper and lower members 11 and 12, and are in contact at both ends of the members 11 and 12. The members are not rigidly connected at the corners of the outer peripheral frame, which is the contact portion of each member, but have a semi-rigid structure that is fixed by the compressive force of the PC steel bars 31 and 32. Next, the PC steel bars 31 and 32 penetrate the left and right outer peripheral frame members 21 and 22, respectively, and both ends thereof are fastened to the upper and lower outer peripheral frame members 11 and 12. In addition, pre-stress is preliminarily introduced into the PC steel bars 31 and 32, whereby the corners of the outer peripheral frame have a semi-rigid structure. Finally, the energy absorbing members 41 and 42 are arranged inside the frame so as to connect the outer peripheral frames, and both ends thereof are fixed to the outer peripheral frame members 11, 12 or 21, 22. Various conventional damping dampers such as a buckling restrained brace (BRB) can be used for the energy absorbing member.

  FIG. 27 schematically shows an operation mechanism during an earthquake. In FIG. 27 (a), from the bridge members 2a and 2b of the bridge body shown in FIG. 25, the left frame member 21 has a downward force along the axis, and the right frame member 22 has the axis. The state where the upward force is applied is shown. Since the corner portion of the outer peripheral frame is separated and relative rotation is allowed by the semi-rigid connection structure, the damper unit undergoes shear deformation as shown in FIG. Thereby, a tensile force acts on the energy absorbing member 41 and a compressive force acts on the member 42. As the energy absorbing members 41 and 42 are plastically deformed by the transmitted seismic force, the seismic energy is absorbed and a seismic control effect appears. On the other hand, the PC steel bars 31 and 32 generate an internal force that contracts on the PC steel bars themselves due to pre-stress introduced in advance. By this force, after the earthquake, the PC steel bar returns to its original position where the length becomes the shortest. This action eliminates the residual deformation of the energy absorbing members 31 and 32 generated during the earthquake and realizes a self-restoring mechanism as a damper unit. FIG. 27B is a schematic diagram of an operation mechanism when a seismic force is applied in the opposite direction to FIG. 27A, and is the same operation mechanism as FIG. Therefore, this damper unit exhibits seismic control capability against repeated loading due to seismic force.

  According to the present embodiment, a large self-restoring ability and energy absorption can be realized by installing a large damper unit in the entire space surrounded by the columns and beams of the frame structure.

In addition, since the joint portions 4, 5 and 6 with the bridge body (structure) are provided on the left and right members 21, 22, the column portion and the beam portion generated by the shear deformation at the time of an earthquake as shown in FIG. Even if the distance between the upper and lower members 11 and 12 increases due to the floating at the contact portion, there is no adverse effect on the structure. For this reason, this damper unit is satisfactorily applicable to large structures such as arch bridges.
(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 28 shows an example in which the damper unit is installed on the truss bridge.
(Other embodiments)
Note that the damper unit of the present invention can generally be installed in various types of frame structures.

  Various hysteretic dampers can be used for the energy absorbing member. For example, a shaft yield type damper is arranged so as to connect diagonals of the outer peripheral frame, and a shear panel type damper is arranged.

Various bar materials can be used instead of the PC steel bars 31 and 32.

Claims (14)

It is a self-restoring damper unit that is installed in a structure and absorbs seismic energy,
Lower beam,
An upper beam installed at a position facing and parallel to the lower beam;
A left column installed between the left end of the lower beam and the left end of the upper beam;
A right column installed between the right end of the lower beam and the right end of the upper beam;
An energy absorbing device installed in a frame constituted by the lower beam, the upper beam, the left column, and the right column for absorbing seismic energy;
A bar connecting the upper beam and the upper end in the vicinity of the upper portion of the left column, the bar connecting the lower beam and the lower end in the vicinity of the lower portion of the left column, and the upper portion in the vicinity of the upper portion of the right column. A bar that joins the upper beam and the upper end, and connects the lower beam and the lower end near the lower part of the right column;
Be provided with,
The joint with the structure is provided on the left column and the right column;
Self-restoring damper unit characterized by The left column is semi-rigidly joined to the upper beam and the lower beam by a compressive force introduced by the left bar.
The self-restoring damper according to claim 1, wherein the right column is semi-rigidly joined to the upper beam and the lower beam by a compressive force introduced by the right bar. unit. The left bar is inserted into the left column,
The right bar is self-restore damper unit according to claim 2, characterized in that it is inserted into the pillar inside the right. The set of bars on the left side is installed at a position spaced apart from the left column by an equal distance so as not to hinder the behavior of the energy absorber.
The self-restoring according to claim 2, wherein the pair of bars on the right side are installed at positions spaced apart from the right column by an equal distance so as not to disturb the behavior of the energy absorbing device. Damper unit. The upper end of the left column, the lower end of the left column, the upper end of the right column, the lower end of the right column have a convex curved surface,
The upper left contact portion on the upper beam, the lower left contact portion on the lower beam, the upper right contact portion on the upper beam, and the lower right contact portion on the lower beam have a concave curved surface. The self-restoring damper unit according to claim 2. The shape of the convex curved surface is basically a part of a hemisphere having a radius R1,
The shape of the concave curved surface is basically a part of a hemisphere having a radius R2,
6. The self-restoring damper unit according to claim 5, wherein the radius R2 is larger than the radius R1. The convex curved surface is a side surface of a cylinder having a radius R3,
The concave curved surface is a side surface of a cylinder having a radius R4,
6. The self-restoring damper unit according to claim 5, wherein the radius R4 is larger than the radius R3. The upper end of the left column, the lower end of the left column, the upper end of the right column, and the lower end of the right column are planes,
The upper left contact portion on the upper beam, the lower left contact portion on the lower beam, the upper right contact portion on the upper beam, and the lower right contact portion on the lower beam have tapered sides. The self-restoring damper unit according to claim 2, which has a rectangular concave surface. The energy absorbing device is constituted by a first axial yield type damper and a second axial yield type damper,
One end of the first shaft yield type damper is coupled to either the upper beam or the left column,
The other end of the first shaft yield type damper is coupled to either the lower beam or the right column,
One end of the second shaft yield type damper is coupled to either the upper beam or the right column,
2. The self-restoring damper unit according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the second shaft yield type damper is coupled to either the lower beam or the left column.   2. The self-restoring damper unit according to claim 1, wherein the energy absorbing device includes a shear panel having an outer periphery fixed by the frame that is shear-deformed by seismic force and deformed in accordance with the shear deformation of the frame.   The self-restoring damper unit according to claim 10, wherein the shape of the shear panel is a plane obtained by cutting off four corners from a rectangle defined by an inner portion of the frame. The left column includes an upper end and a lower end having a convex curved shape,
The right column includes an upper end and a lower end having a convex curved shape,
The lower beam has a lower left contact portion in contact with the left column having a concave curved surface on the upper surface of the left end and a concave curved surface on the upper surface of the right end, and is in contact with the right column. Including the lower right contact,
The upper beam has an upper left contact portion that contacts the left column having a concave curved surface shape on the lower left surface and an upper right contact portion that has a concave curved surface shape on the lower right surface and contacts the left column. The self-restoring damper unit according to claim 2, further comprising: a contact portion. The convex curved surface at the upper end of the left column is basically a part of a hemisphere with a radius r1,
The convex curved surface at the lower end of the left column is basically a part of a hemisphere with a radius r2,
The convex curved surface in the upper end of the right column is part of a hemisphere of essentially radial r3,
The convex curved surface at the lower end of the right column is basically a part of a hemisphere with a radius r4,
The shape of the concave curved surface of the upper left contact portion on the upper beam is a part of a hemisphere having a radius larger than the radius r1,
The shape of the concave curved surface of the lower left contact portion on the lower beam is a part of a hemisphere having a radius larger than the radius r2.
The shape of the concave curved surface of the upper right contact portion on the upper beam is a part of a hemisphere having a radius larger than the radius r3,
The self-restoring damper unit according to claim 12, wherein the shape of the concave curved surface of the lower right contact portion on the lower beam is a part of a hemisphere having a radius larger than the radius r4. The self-restoring damper unit according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , wherein the bar is a PC steel bar.