JP2015078498A - Bridge seismic control structure - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a bridge seismic control structure capable of improving the seismic performance of a bridge at a low cost. A bridge vibration control structure 10 is provided with a vibration control device 20 using a steel honeycomb damper 11 between a bridge pier 100 and a floor slab 200b, thereby suppressing vibrations in two plane vibrations. Is what you do. The vibration control device 20 has a left and right end of the upper joint 111 and a left and right other end of the lower joint 111 on both surfaces of the honeycomb damper 11 as a restoring mechanism for applying a restoring force to the honeycomb damper 11. A bracket 121 is provided at each end, and a wire rod 122 is provided between the pair of brackets 121. [Selection] Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration control structure for bridges in general, such as mountain bridges, urban viaducts, and railway viaducts.

  In order to improve the seismic performance of existing bridges, there is a method to reduce seismic force and response acting on the bridge by applying seismic isolation and control technology. As for this method, a method of replacing the existing bridge support with a seismic isolation support or installing a damper device as an energy absorbing device in the same part is common.

  Many types of seismic isolation bearings and damper devices have already been put to practical use. For example, as described in Patent Document 1, an existing bearing is made into a sliding bearing, and a rubber bearing is installed as a high-damping restoration device, so that the natural period of the entire bridge is lengthened and the seismic force is reduced. Response displacement can be reduced by providing absorption performance.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 09-041321

  Seismic reinforcement by seismic isolation and seismic control is the idea of reducing the seismic force and response acting on the bridge and reducing the burden of the substructure and foundation during an earthquake. Therefore, there are advantages such as eliminating the need for seismic reinforcement of the substructure and foundation, and making repairs after an earthquake minor. However, rubber bearings and damper devices required for seismic isolation and seismic control are generally expensive, leading to an increase in the cost of reinforcement work.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a bridge seismic control structure that can improve the seismic performance of the bridge at low cost.

  A first invention for solving the above-described problem is that a vibration control device using a damper that absorbs energy by plastic deformation of a steel material is disposed between a bridge pier and an upper structure thereof, so that two directions of a plane can be obtained. It is a bridge seismic control structure that is characterized by vibration control.

  The damper used in the present invention exhibits a vibration control effect by absorbing energy by plastic deformation of a steel material. Such dampers are inexpensive and have a good track record in building structures, but so far they have not been applied in bridges. In the present invention, by using such a damper for the bridge, the existing or new bridge can be controlled at low cost.

The damper is preferably a honeycomb damper.
As the damper used in the present invention, for example, there is a honeycomb damper, and thereby it is possible to suitably realize the vibration control of the bridge.

It is desirable that a sliding bearing is provided between the pier and the superstructure.
As a result, a seismically isolated and seismically controlled bridge can be realized.

It is desirable that the vibration control device has a restoration mechanism for restoring the deformation of the damper.
Dampers using steel are inexpensive, but their restoring force after yielding is small, and a large residual displacement occurs after an earthquake, and the usability is easily impaired. In the building structure, the frame structure around the damper is the restoring mechanism, but the bridge does not. Therefore, by providing the damper with a restoring mechanism, it is possible to reduce residual displacement and maintain damping performance.

The restoration mechanism is preferably a wire provided so as to connect a pair of upper and lower jigs attached to the damper in a lateral direction.
Thus, the restoring force can be exerted by the elastic force of the wire provided in the lateral direction.

It is desirable that the restoring mechanism is a wire provided in a plurality of diagonally intersecting manner between upper and lower jigs attached to the damper.
By providing a plurality of wires in this way, it is possible to exert a restoring force against plastic deformation in the forward and reverse directions of the damper.

The restoration mechanism is provided in a lateral direction using a pair of upper and lower jigs attached to the damper, and one end is provided between the bar passing through the jig and the one end of the bar and the jig. It is also desirable to have the elastic material formed. The restoring mechanism is preferably a leaf spring attached to the damper.
This also makes it possible to configure the restoring mechanism. In the former case, the residual displacement can be reduced by the restoring force of the elastic material and in the latter case by the restoring force of the leaf spring.

The restoring mechanism is preferably disposed on both sides of the damper.
Thereby, a restoring force can be given by the double-sided restoration mechanism. It is also possible to exert a restoring force against plastic deformation in the forward and reverse directions by the double-sided restoring mechanism.

The vibration control device preferably has an out-of-plane buckling suppression mechanism for suppressing out-of-plane buckling of the damper.
Dampers such as honeycomb dampers absorb seismic energy by in-plane plastic deformation, but when used for bridges, they require greater deformation performance than building structures, which tends to increase the height dimension. . As the height dimension increases, out-of-plane buckling tends to occur, thereby impairing energy absorption performance. Therefore, energy absorption performance can be maintained by providing a mechanism for suppressing out-of-plane buckling of the damper in the vibration control device.

The out-of-plane buckling suppression mechanism is preferably a pair of plate members that sandwich the damper.
Thus, by sandwiching the damper between the pair of plate members, out-of-plane buckling can be suppressed.

In order to suppress the out-of-plane deformation of the damper, it is desirable that the vibration control device has an out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism that allows the entire damper to move in an out-of-plane direction.
In order to cope with seismic forces in two directions using a damper such as a honeycomb damper, it is necessary to arrange a plurality of dampers so that the in-plane directions match the respective directions. However, in this case, before the unidirectional damper is plastically deformed in the in-plane direction, the other-direction damper is deformed out of plane, and the energy absorption performance of the damper may be impaired. Therefore, by making the damper itself movable in the out-of-plane direction, it is possible to prevent the damper from being out-of-plane and maintain the energy absorption performance.

It is desirable that the out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism can slide the entire damper in an out-of-plane direction.
For example, by sliding the entire damper in the out-of-plane direction, it is possible to prevent the damper from being deformed out of the plane.

In the out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism, one side of an L-shaped plate is attached to each of the upper and lower ends of the damper, and the other side of each L-shaped plate is passed through a long hole in the other side, It is desirable that the L-shaped plate, the pier, the L-shaped plate, and the upper structure, which are respectively attached to the pier and the upper structure and connected through the long hole, are relatively movable in an out-of-plane direction. .
By sliding the damper itself with the above configuration, it is possible to prevent the damper from being deformed out of the plane with an inexpensive configuration.

It is desirable that the out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism can rotate the entire damper in an out-of-plane direction.
In this manner, the damper itself can be prevented from being deformed by rotating the damper itself.

The out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism includes a pin for performing hinge coupling at the upper and lower ends of the damper, and a mounting portion provided on the bridge pier and the upper structure and having a bearing for receiving the pin. desirable. Alternatively, the out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism is preferably a pair of out-of-plane leaf springs that connect upper and lower ends of the damper to the upper structure and the bridge pier, respectively.
For example, with these configurations, the damper itself can be rotated to suppress out-of-plane deformation. In the latter case, the vertical force acting on the damper is limited even if the distance between the pier and the superstructure increases or decreases due to the behavior of the superstructure rotating during an earthquake or the bearing sinks. Within the specified range.

As for the above-mentioned seismic control device, it is desirable that a plurality of above-mentioned dampers are assembled in the shape of a cross beam.
Thus, by arranging the dampers in a cross-beam shape, it is possible to cope with seismic forces in two directions in a small space.

The seismic control device includes a plurality of dampers arranged in parallel, the lower part being attached to the pier, the upper part being attached to the plate, and the upper part being attached to the upper structure and the lower part being attached to the plate. A plurality of dampers arranged, and the arrangement direction of the damper with the lower part attached to the pier and the arrangement direction of the damper with the upper part attached to the upper structure are orthogonal to each other, and each plate is connected It is desirable.
Thereby, the damper arrangement equivalent to the case where it is assembled in a cross beam shape can be realized while reducing the height of the vibration control device.

It is desirable to provide a brace material for increasing the resistance against out-of-plane deformation of the plurality of dampers adjacent in a plane.
Thus, the out-of-plane deformation of the damper is prevented and the in-plane plastic deformation in the in-plane direction of the other damper is preceded, so that the vibration control performance of the vibration control device can be suitably exhibited.

It is desirable that the damper is disposed with the surface of the damper in a horizontal direction.
This further reduces the height of the vibration control device and facilitates the installation of the vibration control device even in narrow gaps such as between the pier and main girder.

The vibration control device is attached to either the pier or the upper structure, and the damper is attached to the other of the pier or the upper structure to which the damper is not attached. A side block for transmitting a force from the horizontal direction to the damper when the plane position is relatively displaced; and a slide plate attached to the damper and receiving the horizontal force by contacting the side block. It is desirable.
Thereby, a seismic force is suitably applied to the horizontally disposed damper, and the seismic energy can be absorbed by the plastic deformation of the damper.

It is desirable to provide a gap between the slide plate attached to the damper and the side block in contact with the slide plate.
Thereby, it is possible to prevent a force from acting on the damper due to temperature deformation of the upper structure or the like.

It is desirable to provide a gap between the slide plate attached to the damper and the upper structure.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the upper structure from coming into contact with the slide plate due to the sinking of the bearing, the deflection of the upper structure, rotation, and the like, and the influence on the damping performance of the damper can be prevented.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a bridge seismic control structure that can improve the seismic performance of a bridge at a low cost.

Diagram showing bridge seismic control structure 10 The figure which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the damping device 20 The figure which shows the honeycomb damper 11 The figure which shows the damping device 20 The figure which shows the damping device 20a The figure which shows the damping device 20b The figure which shows the damping device 20c The figure which shows the damping device 30 The figure which shows the damping device 40 The figure which shows the damping device 40a The figure which shows the damping device 40b The figure which shows the damping device 50 The figure which shows the damping device 50a Diagram showing bridge seismic control structure 10a The figure which shows the damping device 60

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
(1. Bridge damping structure 10)
The bridge vibration control structure 10 of this embodiment is provided on the bridge 1 shown in FIG. 1A is a vertical sectional view of the bridge 1, FIG. 1B is a plan view on the pier 100, and FIG. 1A is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. Show.

  In the bridge 1, a main girder 200a and a floor slab 200b between the main girders 200a are provided on the pier 100, and the floor slab 210 on the upper surface of the bridge is supported by the main girder 200a. The main girder 200a is provided in the bridge axis direction shown in the vertical direction in FIG.

  The bridge seismic control structure 10 according to the present embodiment controls the bridge 1 and includes a sliding support 140 between the main girder 200a and the pier 100, and a vibration control device 20 between the floor slab 200b and the pier 100. Have.

  However, the arrangement of the vibration control device 20 is not limited to this, and can be provided between the main beam 200a and the pier 100 as shown in the plan view on the pier 100 in FIG. In addition, as shown in the vertical cross section of FIG. 2B, when the cross beam 200c is passed between the main beams 200a, it can be provided between the cross beam 200c and the pier 100. In any case, the vibration control device 20 may be provided between the pier 100 and its superstructure.

  The sliding bearing 140 shown in FIG. 1 allows a relative displacement between the pier 100 and the main girder 200a during an earthquake, weakens the action of the seismic force, and exhibits a seismic isolation effect. The vibration control device 20 will be described later.

(2. Honeycomb damper 11)
In the present embodiment, a damper that can absorb seismic energy by plastic deformation in the in-plane direction by processing a plate material made of steel or the like is used for the vibration control device 20. Examples of such a damper include a honeycomb damper obtained by processing a steel plate as in JP-A-03-156075 into a special shape, a LENS-type shear panel damper as in JP-A-2008-179950, and the like, but is not limited thereto. Absent. In the following embodiment, an example using a honeycomb damper will be described.

  FIG. 3A is a view showing the front and side surfaces of the honeycomb damper 11. As shown in the figure, the honeycomb damper 11 has a shape in which rectangular joints 111 at the upper and lower ends are connected by a connecting part 112, and the middle of the connecting part 112 is reduced. In the present embodiment, a pair of connecting portions 112 are provided in the left-right direction within the plane of the honeycomb damper 11 (hereinafter simply referred to as the in-plane direction).

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the honeycomb damper 11 is fixed by attaching one side of the L-shaped plate 11a to both surfaces of the joint portion 111 at the upper and lower ends and attaching the other side of the L-shaped plate 11a to the upper and lower structures. The The bonding portion 111 of the honeycomb damper 11 and the L-shaped plate 11a are provided with mounting holes (not shown), and the above mounting is performed by bolts or the like (not shown) using these holes.

(3. Vibration control device 20)
The honeycomb damper 11 absorbs seismic energy by plastic deformation of the connecting portion 112 in the in-plane direction when an earthquake occurs, and exhibits a seismic control effect. There is no resilience. Therefore, if a large deformation occurs during an earthquake, a large residual displacement occurs, which may impair the usability as a bridge after the earthquake.

  In a general building structure, since the frame structure around the honeycomb damper has resilience, the resilience of the entire system is ensured, but the resilience of the bridge 1 cannot be expected. Therefore, in the vibration damping device 20 of the present embodiment, a restoration mechanism that imparts restoration properties to the honeycomb damper 11 is separately provided.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the vibration control device 20 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the front, back, and side surfaces of the vibration control device 20. FIG. 4B is a view showing a front surface and a back surface of the honeycomb damper 11 at the time of plastic deformation.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), in the vibration control device 20, as a restoring mechanism, on both surfaces sandwiching the honeycomb damper 11, the left and right ends of the upper joint 111 and the left and right ends of the lower joint 111 are arranged. A bracket 121 (jig) is provided at the other end, and a horizontal wire 122 is provided so as to connect between the pair of brackets 121.

  Moreover, in the position corresponding to a front surface and a back surface, the bracket 121 is provided in the upper joining part 111 in one surface, and the bracket 121 is provided in the lower joining part 111 in the other surface.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, when the honeycomb damper 11 is plastically deformed, the wire rod 122 on either surface is extended according to the direction of deformation. The wire 122 is determined to have a predetermined strength so as to maintain elasticity even when the honeycomb damper 11 is plastically deformed, and thereby, the restoring force due to the elasticity of the wire 122 can be exhibited.

  As the wire rod 122, for example, a synthetic fiber rope having a diameter of 33 mm and a length of about 1 to 2 m is used. In this case, using a material that exhibits an elastic behavior even if the elongation is 10% or more, it can follow the deformation of the honeycomb damper 11 with a length of about 2 m and exert a restoring force due to elasticity. Residual displacement is greatly reduced.

  In addition, the other wire 122 is loosened and does not resist during the plastic deformation. The wire rod 122 extends and exhibits a restoring force when the honeycomb damper 11 is deformed in the opposite direction.

  By providing the two wire rods 122 on both surfaces in this way, a restoring force can be exhibited against plastic deformation in the forward and reverse directions. In the example shown in the figure, the wire rod 122 is stretched in the initial damping device 20, but it may be loosened. Thereby, the deformation amount of the honeycomb damper 11 where the restoring force due to the wire 122 starts to be generated can be adjusted. For example, since the honeycomb damper 11 has high rigidity until it yields, the honeycomb damper 11 is yielded by loosening in advance so that tension is applied to the wire rod 122 when the damper 11 is displaced at the time of yielding. Later, the restoring force can be exhibited with a small amount of elongation of the wire 122.

  As shown in FIG.1 (b), the damping device 20 arrange | positions the pair which match | combined the in-plane direction with the bridge axis direction, and the pair which matched the in-plane direction with the bridge axis orthogonal direction orthogonal to this as one set. In addition, the vibration control device 20 can exert a vibration control effect against two planes of seismic force, and can give a certain rigidity to the entire system even after the honeycomb damper 11 is yielded by the restoring mechanism. In addition, connecting the bridge pier 100 and the floor slab 200b with the vibration control device 20 also prevents the floor slab 200b and the like from being lifted.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the honeycomb damper 11 that exhibits the damping effect by absorbing the earthquake energy by plastic deformation of the steel material is used in the damping device 20 and is provided on the bridge 1. Such dampers are inexpensive and have a good track record in building structures, but so far they have not been applied in bridges. In the present embodiment, by using such a damper together with the sliding bearing 140 to form the bridge vibration control structure 10, the existing or new bridge 1 can be seismically isolated and controlled at low cost.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, by providing the honeycomb damper 11 with a restoring mechanism to provide the vibration control device 20, the residual displacement can be reduced and the vibration control performance can be maintained. As the restoring mechanism, the elastic force of the wire 132 arranged in the lateral direction as described above can be used. Moreover, since the restoring mechanism by the wire rod 132 is provided on both surfaces of the vibration control device 20, the restoring force can be applied by the wire rods 132 on both sides, and the restoring force can be exhibited against plastic deformation in the forward and reverse directions.

  Subsequently, other embodiments of the present invention will be described. The following embodiment is an example different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the vibration control device. Each embodiment will mainly describe differences from the first embodiment, and description of similar points will be omitted.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a front surface and a side surface of the vibration control device 20a according to the second embodiment.

  In this vibration control device 20a, brackets 131 are provided as restoration mechanisms on both sides of the honeycomb damper 11 at both ends in the left-right direction of the upper joint portion 111 and at both ends in the left-right direction of the lower joint portion 111, respectively. Then, both ends of the wire 132 similar to the wire 122 are respectively passed through the holes 131a of the pair of upper and lower brackets 131 on the diagonal line so as to be processed into a ring shape and tied. Thus, the two wire rods 132 are provided so as to intersect diagonally. For the wire 132, for example, in the case of a synthetic fiber rope, the end portion can be processed into a ring shape by ice price processing or lock processing, and can be easily fixed in the hole 131a of the bracket 131.

  In the present embodiment, the same restoring force as described above can be applied to the honeycomb damper 11 by these wire rods 132, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. In the present embodiment, when plastic deformation in one of the in-plane directions occurs in the honeycomb damper 11, one of the crossed wire rods 132 extends and exhibits a restoring force, and the other wire rod 132 loosens. When plastic deformation in the opposite direction occurs, the other wire 132 extends and exhibits a restoring force, and the one wire 132 loosens.

  In this way, a restoring force can be exerted against plastic deformation in the forward and reverse directions by the two wires 132 arranged so as to intersect each other. In addition, the honeycomb damper starts to generate a restoring force, as in the first embodiment, by attaching the wire 132 in a slack state or connecting the end portion of the wire 132 to the hole 131a of the bracket 131 with a margin. 11 deformation amount can be adjusted. In the present embodiment, the two wire rods 132 are provided so as to intersect with each other on one surface of the honeycomb damper 11, but the number of the wire rods 132 is not limited to this and may be plural.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a view showing the front and side surfaces of the vibration control device 20b according to the third embodiment.

  In this vibration damping device 20b, brackets 141 are attached to the both ends of the honeycomb damper 11 on the left and right ends of the upper joint portion 111 and the other ends of the lower joint portion 111 in the left and right direction as restoration mechanisms, respectively. A bar 144 is provided between the brackets 141. One end of the bar 144 slidably passes through one bracket 141, and an end member 142 is provided at the tip thereof. A spring 143 (elastic material) is provided between the end member 142 and the bracket 141. The other end of the bar 144 is fixed to the other bracket 141 with a nut or the like. For the bar 144, a PC steel bar, a carbon fiber rod, an aramid fiber rod or the like having a sufficient strength and elastic modulus can be used.

  In addition, at a position corresponding to the front surface and the back surface, the bracket 141 is provided on the upper joint portion 111 on one surface, and the bracket 141 is provided on the lower joint portion 111 on the other surface. Further, in the double-sided bar 144, the positions where the end member 142 and the spring 143 are provided are reversed.

  In the present embodiment, a restoring force similar to that described above can be applied to the honeycomb damper 11 by the spring 143 provided on the bar 144, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, in this embodiment, when plastic deformation in the in-plane direction of the honeycomb damper 11 occurs, the distance between the end member 142 and the bracket 141 is reduced on one surface, and the spring 143 is contracted, and on the other surface, the spring 143 is contracted. As the distance increases and the spring 143 extends, both springs 143 exhibit a restoring force. Since this embodiment uses a higher-strength bar 144 than the wires 122 and 132 of the first and second embodiments, there is little risk of breakage or the like.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a front surface and a side surface of the vibration control device 20c according to the fourth embodiment. In this vibration damping device 20c, a pair of leaf springs 151 along the connecting portion 112 are provided on both surfaces of the honeycomb damper 11 as a restoring mechanism.

  In the present embodiment, the same restoring force as described above can be applied to the honeycomb damper 11 by these plate springs 151, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, when plastic deformation in the in-plane direction of the honeycomb damper 11 occurs, in this embodiment, the pair of leaf springs 151 are elastically deformed, and thereby a restoring force can be applied. About the leaf | plate spring 151, arbitrary deformation | transformation performance and restoring force can be set by defining height, thickness, and width. For example, increasing the height of the leaf spring 151 increases the allowable deformation amount, and increasing the thickness and width increases the restoring force. Furthermore, if the leaf spring 151 is installed so as to be in close contact with the connecting portion 112 of the honeycomb damper 11, an effect of suppressing out-of-plane buckling of the same portion can be expected.

[Fifth Embodiment]
The honeycomb damper 11 absorbs earthquake energy by the plastic deformation of the connecting portion 112 in the in-plane direction. However, in the case where the honeycomb damper 11 is used for the bridge 1 or the like as compared with a normal building structure or the like, a large deformation performance is required, and therefore the height dimension tends to be large. If the height dimension is increased, out-of-plane buckling is likely to occur, which may result in failure to ensure a predetermined energy absorption performance. Thus, in the fifth embodiment, an example in which an out-of-plane buckling suppression mechanism for suppressing out-of-plane buckling is provided in the honeycomb damper 11 will be described.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a front surface and a side surface of the vibration control device 30 according to the fifth embodiment. In this vibration damping device 30, as an out-of-plane buckling suppression mechanism, the connecting portion 112 of the honeycomb damper 11 is sandwiched from both surfaces by a pair of steel plates 162, and these are connected by a bolt 161 and a nut 163. If the position of the bolt 161 is close to the connecting portion 112, they interfere with each other during plastic deformation of the connecting portion 112. Therefore, a clearance that is at least greater than the maximum deformation amount of the connecting portion 112 is secured between the bolt 161 and the connecting portion 112. Keep it.

  The steel plate 162 has sufficient strength and rigidity to prevent out-of-plane buckling of the honeycomb damper 11. For example, it may be more than the thickness and strength of the connecting portion 112 of the honeycomb damper 11. Further, a slight gap is provided between the steel plate 162 and the connecting portion 112 so that the in-plane deformation of the honeycomb damper 11 is not restricted by friction with the steel plate 162. However, since the effect of suppressing out-of-plane buckling is reduced when the gap is large, the size of the gap should be set to the minimum necessary to cut the edge.

  Thus, by providing the honeycomb damper 11 with an out-of-plane buckling suppression mechanism using the steel plate 162, the out-of-plane buckling of the honeycomb damper 11 can be suppressed, and the energy absorption performance can be suitably exhibited.

[Sixth Embodiment]
The honeycomb damper 11 alone exhibits an energy absorption effect only in the in-plane direction. On the other hand, it is necessary for the bridge 1 to cope with seismic forces in two directions, ie, the direction of the bridge axis and the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. About this, what is necessary is just to install the required performance and the number of honeycomb dampers 11 in accordance with the in-plane direction in each direction as described above.

  However, when the honeycomb damper 11 is simply fixed by a conventional method, other honeycomb dampers 11 may be deformed out of plane prior to plastic deformation in the in-plane direction of the honeycomb damper 11. If the out-of-plane deformation is large, there are many unclear points as to whether the honeycomb damper 11 exhibits the expected function against the in-plane direction seismic force.

  Therefore, in the sixth embodiment, in order to suppress the out-of-plane deformation of the honeycomb damper 11, an out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism that allows the entire honeycomb damper 11 to move in the out-of-plane direction is provided.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a vibration control device 40 according to the sixth embodiment. Fig.9 (a) is a figure which shows the front and side surface of the damping device 40, FIG.9 (b) shows the horizontal direction cross section by the line BB of the side view of Fig.9 (a).

  In the vibration control device 40, as the out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism, when the upper and lower sides of the honeycomb damper 11 are fixed to the floor slab 200b and the pier 100 using the L-shaped plate 11a as described above, the out-of-plane direction is applied to the L-shaped plate 11a. A long hole 175 having a long axis direction is provided, and a bolt 173 is passed through the long hole 175 to be attached to the floor slab 200b and the pier 100 with the bolt 173.

  As a result, the L-shaped plate 11a and the floor slab 200b, and the L-shaped plate 11a and the pier 100 connected via the long hole 175 can be moved relative to each other in the out-of-plane direction of the honeycomb damper 11, and the honeycomb damper 11 can be formed with an inexpensive configuration. The whole can slide in the out-of-plane direction. Therefore, the relative displacement between the floor slab 200b and the bridge pier 100 due to the earthquake motion in the out-of-plane direction can be absorbed to prevent the action of seismic force, and the out-of-plane deformation can be suppressed. For example, if the length of the long hole 175 in the major axis direction is 200 mm, a displacement of ± 200 mm can be handled.

  In the present embodiment, a slight gap is also provided in the in-plane direction between the shaft of the bolt 173 and the long hole 175 so as to absorb minute deformation equivalent to temperature expansion and contraction of the floor slab 200b and the like. .

  That is, the floor slab 200b and the like repeatedly expands and contracts with a small amount of deformation at all times by expansion and contraction due to temperature changes. Therefore, when the honeycomb damper 11 is installed between the floor slab 200b and the pier 100, there is a possibility that predetermined performance cannot be exhibited during an earthquake due to fatigue caused by repeated expansion and contraction. Therefore, by providing a certain amount of gap in the in-plane direction as described above, the displacement corresponding to the temperature expansion and contraction is absorbed, so that it suitably functions as a damper when seismic force acts. It is also possible to prevent the deformation amount corresponding to the temperature expansion / contraction from causing a problem with respect to the maximum deformation amount of the damper by increasing the connecting portion 112 of the honeycomb damper 11.

  In addition, when it is assumed that friction between the L-shaped plate 11a and the floor slab 200b or the pier 100 increases when the vibration control device 40 slides, the floor slab 200b or the pier 100 of the L-shaped plate 11a You may install friction reducing materials, such as a fluororesin board, in the surface which touches.

[Seventh Embodiment]
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a front surface and a side surface of a vibration control device 40a according to the seventh embodiment. As the out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism, the vibration control device 40a performs hinge coupling at the upper and lower ends of the honeycomb damper 11 and allows the entire honeycomb damper 11 to rotate in the out-of-plane direction, thereby suppressing out-of-plane deformation. .

  That is, in this vibration damping device 40a, the upper and lower sides of the honeycomb damper 11 are attached to the pin holding portion 183 by the L-shaped plate 11a. The pin holding portion 183 has a bearing 183a protruding in a comb shape. On the other hand, a mounting portion 185 is provided on the floor slab 200b and the pier 100. The mounting portion 185 also has a bearing 185a that protrudes like a comb.

  Above and below the honeycomb damper 11, the bearing 183 a of the pin holding portion 183 and the bearing 185 a of the mounting portion 185 are arranged to mesh with each other, and holes 187 a and 187 b for allowing the pins 188 to pass therethrough are provided. By passing the pin 188 through the holes 187a and 187b, the upper and lower sides of the honeycomb damper 11 are hinge-coupled and can rotate in the out-of-plane direction. Thereby, like the above, at the time of an earthquake, the relative displacement of the floor slab 200b and the pier 100 in the out-of-plane direction can be absorbed to prevent the action of seismic force, and the out-of-plane deformation can be suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, the hole 187b is a long hole with the vertical direction as the major axis direction, and the vertical movement of the pin 188 is allowed. Thereby, when the honeycomb damper 11 rotates in the out-of-plane direction, no tensile force is generated in the vertical direction. Further, when the distance between the floor slab 200b and the pier 100 is increased or decreased due to the sinking of the sliding bearing 140, the deflection of the floor slab 200b, or the rotation of the floor slab 200b during an earthquake, the vertical compression force or tensile force is applied to the honeycomb damper 11. Force is also prevented from acting. Thus, energy absorption performance can be maintained by preventing the influence of vertical force.

  In this embodiment as well, by providing a slight gap in the in-plane direction between the bearings 183a and 185a, it is possible to absorb a minute displacement due to temperature expansion and contraction of the floor slab 200b and the like.

[Eighth Embodiment]
FIG. 11A shows a side surface of the vibration control device 40b according to the eighth embodiment. This vibration control device 40b also suppresses out-of-plane deformation by allowing the entire honeycomb damper 11 to rotate in the out-of-plane direction. As an out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism, plates 192 are attached to the upper and lower ends of the honeycomb damper 11. These plates 192 are connected to the floor slab 200b and the pier 100 by a pair of plate springs 193 in the out-of-plane direction.

  In the seismic control device 40b, when the relative displacement between the floor slab 200b and the pier 100 occurs due to the earthquake, as shown in FIG. 11B, one of the pair of leaf springs 193 in the out-of-plane direction expands and the other contracts. By doing so, the whole honeycomb damper 11 rotates, and the out-of-plane deformation can be suppressed.

  In addition, since the honeycomb damper 11 is connected to the floor slab 200b and the pier 100 via the leaf spring 193, and a gap is provided above and below the honeycomb damper 11, the action of the above-described vertical force is limited. And can. In order to exhibit the effect of absorbing the seismic energy due to the plastic deformation in the in-plane direction, it is necessary to attach the leaf spring 193 with a fixing force equal to or greater than the maximum proof strength of the honeycomb damper 11. This length can be adjusted by increasing the length of the leaf spring 193 and increasing the number of bolts (not shown) for fixing the leaf spring.

[Ninth Embodiment]
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a front surface and a side surface of a vibration control device 50 according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention. In this vibration damping device 50, a plurality of honeycomb dampers 11 in which a plurality of plates 203 are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction are installed in two stages in the vertical direction via the plates 204. The arrangement (arrangement direction) in the in-plane direction of the upper and lower honeycomb dampers 11 is orthogonal to each other, and is configured in a cross beam shape as a whole.

  Further, two brace members 202 are provided so as to intersect between the brackets 201 attached to the upper and lower plates 203 of the adjacent honeycomb dampers 11 of each step.

  Thus, by arranging the honeycomb dampers 11 in a cross-beam shape, the installation area can be reduced and space is saved. Further, by connecting the adjacent honeycomb dampers 11 with a brace structure, the resistance to out-of-plane deformation is increased, and plastic deformation in the in-plane direction of one stage of the honeycomb damper 11 is prevented from being out of plane of the honeycomb damper 11 of the other stage. It can be generated prior to the deformation, and the energy absorption performance can be suitably exhibited.

[Tenth embodiment]
However, in the ninth embodiment, there is a problem that the height of the vibration control device 50 becomes high and cannot be installed in some places. Therefore, in this embodiment, an example is shown in which a damper arrangement equivalent to that of the ninth embodiment is realized while reducing the height.

  13A and 13B are views showing a vibration control device 50a according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13A is a front view of the vibration control device 50a, and FIG. 13B is a line of FIG. FIG. 13C shows a side view viewed from the direction indicated by the arrow D in FIG.

  In this vibration control device 50a, the lower ends of the plurality of centrally arranged honeycomb dampers 11 arranged in parallel are attached to the pier 100 via the plate 207, and the upper ends are fixed to the central portion of the π-shaped plate 205.

  Further, on both sides of the honeycomb damper 11 at the center, the upper ends of the plurality of honeycomb dampers 11 arranged in parallel are attached to the floor slab 200b via the plate 206, and the lower ends are fixed to the sides of the plate 205. The arrangement direction of the honeycomb damper 11 at the center and the honeycomb dampers 11 at both sides are orthogonal to each other.

  Adjacent honeycomb dampers 11 are enhanced in resistance to out-of-plane deformation by the brace material 202 arranged intersecting as described above. Thereby, the plastic deformation in the in-plane direction of the honeycomb damper 11 at the center portion or both side portions occurs prior to the out-of-plane deformation of the other honeycomb damper 11, and the energy absorption performance is suitably exhibited. Moreover, the installation height of the damping device 50a can be reduced by using the pi-shaped plate 205 in which the center part and the side part are connected.

[Eleventh embodiment]
In the above embodiment, the honeycomb damper 11 is arranged upright. However, the honeycomb damper 11 can exert its function even when the honeycomb damper 11 is arranged with its surface horizontal. In such a case, the installation height can be further reduced, and it can be easily installed in a narrow gap between the main girder 200a and the bridge pier 100 where the sliding bearing 140, the laminated rubber bearing and the like exist.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the vibration damping device 60 of the eleventh embodiment, and shows a vertical section of the bridge 1a.

  In the present embodiment, for example, in the bridge 1a, four main girders 200a are provided on the pier 100, thereby supporting the floor slab 210 on the upper surface of the bridge. Further, as the bridge seismic control structure 10a, a sliding support 140 is provided between the main girder 200a and the pier 100 at both ends of the pier 100, and a seismic control device is provided between the two inner main girder 200a and the pier 100, respectively. 60 is provided.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the vibration control device 60. 15A is a perspective view of the vibration control device 60, FIG. 15B is a plan view of the vibration control device 60, and FIG. 15C is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG.

  In this vibration damping device 60, the honeycomb damper 11 is used in which a pair of connecting portions 112 are arranged in two rows and a rectangular joint portion 111 is provided between and in both ends. The honeycomb damper 11 is arranged with the in-plane direction as the horizontal direction, and the joint portions 111 at both ends are attached to a height adjusting plate 11 b fixed to the bridge pier 100. A slide plate 211 is attached to the upper surface of the joint portion 111 between the connecting portions 112.

  A gap 220 shown in FIG. 15C is provided between the slide plate 211 and the main beam 200a. The gap 220 is about several millimeters, and the main damper 200a and the slide plate 211 come into contact with each other due to the sinking of the sliding bearing 140, the deflection of the main engine 200a, the rotation of the main engine 200a, etc. Do not affect the vibration control performance. In addition, rainwater, dust, etc. on the slide plate 211 are smoothly discharged through the play 220 and do not accumulate on the plate.

  On both sides in the in-plane direction of the honeycomb damper 11 connecting the pair of connecting portions 112 (corresponding to the left and right directions in FIGS. 15B and 15C), as shown in FIG. 230, the side block 212 is fixed to the lower surface of the main beam 200a.

  The clearance 230 prevents the side block 212 from coming into contact with the slide plate 211 due to temperature expansion and contraction of the main beam 200a and the like, thereby preventing the force from acting. The mounting and fixing of the above plate and the like are performed using bolts 70.

  In the vibration control device 60, when a relative displacement between the plane positions of the main girder 200 a and the pier 100 occurs in the in-plane direction due to the earthquake, the side block 212 provided on the main girder 200 a is applied to the slide plate 211 provided on the honeycomb damper 11. It abuts, and a horizontal seismic force is applied to the honeycomb damper 11 to absorb the seismic energy by plastic deformation.

  On the other hand, when the relative displacement between the main beam 200a and the pier 100 occurs in a direction orthogonal to the in-plane direction (corresponding to the vertical direction in FIG. 15B and the normal direction in FIG. 15C). The side block 212 does not contact the slide plate 211 and the honeycomb damper 11 does not act.

  In the present embodiment, the two vibration control devices 60 shown in FIG. 14 are arranged such that the in-plane directions are orthogonal to each other. One is arranged with the in-plane direction as the bridge axis direction, and the other is arranged with the bridge axis orthogonal direction. As a result, the functions can be separated by the seismic control devices 60 so as to correspond to the two-direction displacement, and optimum damper specifications can be applied in accordance with the assumed earthquake motion.

  The installation method of the vibration control device 60 is not limited to that shown in FIG. For example, it is possible to provide the honeycomb damper 11 on the lower surface of the main beam 200a and the side block 212 on the pier 100. Further, the sliding support 140 and the honeycomb damper 11 can be provided close to each other, and the upper plate of the sliding support 140 can be used instead of the side block 212.

  In this embodiment, the two vibration control devices 60 are provided between the main girder 200a and the pier 100, respectively. However, they are provided between the floor slab 200b and the pier 100, or between the horizontal girder 200c and the pier 100. It is also possible to provide it.

  For example, if the bridge has a structure in which the main beam 200a and the horizontal beam 200c are alternately repeated in the direction orthogonal to the bridge axis between the main beams 200a at both ends, the vibration control device 60 acting in the bridge axis direction is provided with the main beam 200a and the bridge pier. If the seismic control device 60 that is installed between 100 and acts in the direction orthogonal to the bridge axis is installed between the horizontal beam 200c and the bridge pier 100, the number of the main beams 200a is n, the damping that acts in the bridge axis direction. N seismic devices 60 are installed, and n-1 seismic control devices 60 in the direction orthogonal to the bridge axis are provided.

  In any case, in general, it is preferable to arrange the vibration control device 60 acting in the direction of the bridge axis and the vibration control device 60 acting in the direction orthogonal to the bridge axis in a bilaterally symmetrical manner in the bridge axis direction. In addition, it is preferable that the number of the vibration control devices 60 be large because the reaction force is generally dispersed, and the size of the vibration control device 60 can be reduced, so that the degree of freedom of installation is high.

  The restoration mechanism, the out-of-plane buckling suppression mechanism, and the out-of-plane deformation suppression mechanism described in the above embodiment can be used in combination with each other as necessary. The present invention can also be applied to the parallel arrangement structure of the honeycomb dampers of the ninth and tenth embodiments and the horizontal arrangement structure of the honeycomb dampers of the eleventh embodiment as necessary.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in the present application, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a; Bridge 10, 10a; Bridge damping structure 11; Honeycomb damper 20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 30, 40, 40a, 40b, 50, 50a, 60;

Claims (24)

  A bridge seismic control system that suppresses vibrations in two directions in a plane by placing a vibration control device using a damper that absorbs energy by plastic deformation of steel between the pier and its superstructure. Construction.   The bridge damping structure according to claim 1, wherein the damper is a honeycomb damper.   The bridge vibration control structure according to claim 1, wherein a sliding bearing is provided between the bridge pier and the upper structure.   The bridge seismic control structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the seismic control device includes a restoring mechanism for restoring the deformation of the damper.   5. The bridge vibration control structure according to claim 4, wherein the restoration mechanism is a wire rod provided so as to laterally connect a pair of upper and lower jigs attached to the damper.   5. The bridge vibration control structure according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the restoration mechanisms are provided in a diagonal manner between upper and lower jigs attached to the damper. The restoration mechanism is:
A bar that is provided in the horizontal direction using a pair of upper and lower jigs attached to the damper, and one end penetrates the jig;
An elastic material provided between the one end of the bar and the jig;
The bridge seismic control structure according to claim 4, wherein:   The bridge seismic control structure according to claim 4, wherein the restoring mechanism is a leaf spring attached to the damper.   The bridge damping structure according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the restoring mechanism is disposed on both sides of the damper.   The bridge vibration control structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the vibration control device includes an out-of-plane buckling suppression mechanism for suppressing out-of-plane buckling of the damper.   The bridge anti-seismic structure according to claim 10, wherein the out-of-plane buckling suppression mechanism is a pair of plate members sandwiching the damper.   The said damping device has an out-of-plane deformation | transformation suppression mechanism which can move the said whole damper to an out-of-plane direction in order to suppress the out-of-plane deformation | transformation of the said damper. Bridge seismic control structure described in Crab.   The bridge anti-seismic structure according to claim 12, wherein the out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism allows the entire damper to slide in an out-of-plane direction. In the out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism,
One side of the L-shaped plate is attached to each of the upper and lower ends of the damper,
The other side of each L-shaped plate is attached to the pier and the upper structure by bolts passed through the long holes on the other side,
The bridge vibration control according to claim 13, wherein the L-shaped plate, the pier, the L-shaped plate, and the upper structure connected through the long hole are relatively movable in an out-of-plane direction. Construction.   The bridge vibration control structure according to claim 12, wherein the out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism allows the entire damper to rotate in an out-of-plane direction. The out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism is
A pin for performing hinge coupling at the upper and lower ends of the damper;
A mounting portion having a bearing for receiving the pin, provided on the pier and the superstructure;
The bridge seismic control structure according to claim 15, wherein:   16. The bridge according to claim 15, wherein the out-of-plane deformation suppressing mechanism is a pair of out-of-plane leaf springs that connect upper and lower end portions of the damper to the upper structure and the bridge pier, respectively. Damping structure.   The bridge seismic control structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the seismic control device includes a plurality of dampers assembled in a cross beam shape. The vibration control device
A plurality of the dampers arranged in parallel, the lower part being attached to the pier and the upper part being attached to the plate;
A plurality of the dampers arranged in parallel, the upper part being attached to the superstructure and the lower part being attached to the plate;
Have
The arrangement direction of the damper with the lower part attached to the pier and the arrangement direction of the damper with the upper part attached to the upper structure are orthogonal to each other,
Each plate is connected, The bridge seismic-control structure in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 11 characterized by the above-mentioned.   20. The bridge vibration control structure according to claim 18, wherein a brace material is provided to increase a yield strength against out-of-plane deformation of the plurality of dampers adjacent in a plane.   The bridge damping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the damper is arranged with a surface of the damper in a horizontal direction. The vibration control device
The damper attached to either the pier or the superstructure;
A side block that is attached to the pier or the other of the upper structure where the damper is not attached, and transmits a force from the horizontal direction to the damper when the plane position of the pier and the upper structure is relatively displaced; ,
A slide plate attached to the damper and receiving a horizontal force in contact with the side block;
The bridge vibration control structure according to claim 21, wherein:   23. The bridge vibration control structure according to claim 22, wherein a gap is provided between the slide plate attached to the damper and a side block in contact with the slide plate.   24. The bridge vibration control structure according to claim 22, wherein a gap is provided between the slide plate attached to the damper and the upper structure.

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