JP5723982B2 - Data processing method, data processing system, and data processing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for processing data, a data processing system for executing the method, and a data processing apparatus. In particular, the present invention relates to a technique for acquiring information related to a position where an action or an action is performed based on data collected along with an action or an action of a person or an object.

With the recent development and popularization of data collection technology, a large amount of information about actions performed by people and things has been collected.
For example, in Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2, in the case of an IC ticket for a railway, not only the use of the railway such as entry / exit of a user's station (passing through a ticket gate) and purchase of a ticket, but also electronic money such as purchase of goods Are also recorded, and as their contents, a technique for acquiring an ID for identifying the user, the date and time when the action was performed, and information on the station or store where the action was performed is disclosed.

  In addition, information on actions performed by such people and things is being used in various forms. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for estimating a user who participates in a specified event using human behavior history data. Further, in Patent Document 2, from a shooting history and a boarding / exiting history such as a bus, for a certain shooting data, before and after the shooting date / time, the information indicating the shooting position is associated with the information indicating the boarding / exiting position. A technique is disclosed in which, when another shooting is performed, the position where the shooting was performed is specified from the front and back positions before and after the shooting, and information related to the position is provided to the user.

JP 2010-244433 A JP 2010-230813 A

IPSJ Digital Practice Vol. 1, no. 3. July 2010 “Special Issue on“ IC Cards Change Society ”” IPSJ Digital Practice Vol. 1, no. 3. July 2010 “Development from transportation infrastructure to social infrastructure (Development and introduction of self-sustained IC card ticket system“ Suica ”and social infrastructure”)

  The location of stores and vending machines is important for improving their business results or considering services to users. For example, in the case of an electronic ticket (an IC card ticket or a portable terminal device with an IC card ticket function) equipped with an electronic money function, the number of passengers at each time of a station where a certain store is located and the store's If there is no correlation in sales at each time, it can be said that the store is mismatched with passengers in that time zone if sales do not increase even though there are many passengers. In other words, if goods and services can be provided in accordance with the characteristics of passengers during that time, sales at the store may be improved. What is important in performing such an analysis is the location information of each store. In particular, assuming an electronic ticket as an example, the position relative to the station is more meaningful than the absolute coordinates.

  In order to perform such an analysis, the location information of the store corresponding to electronic money or the like needs to be maintained as master data, but there are cases where it is not sufficiently maintained in practice. The reason is that, for example, in the case of an electronic ticket having an electronic money function, an electronic money management company (for example, a railway operator) that operates an electronic money system is in a position to maintain master data, but operates stores and vending machines. Since there are separate service providers, the master data regarding the location of the store or the like is not always maintained for the following reasons (1) and (2). In other words, (1) it is the service provider that directly understands that stores (tenants) change frequently or that vending machines have been relocated frequently. It is not always reflected, and (2) The reason for the possibility of incorrect information being recorded at the time of input is because relocation and data changes accompanying relocation are basically dependent on human resources. Can be mentioned.

  As described above, when using a use history of an electronic ticket or the like having an electronic money function, the master data of the location information of a store where the necessary electronic money can be used is not always accurately prepared, There is a problem that it is not realistic to manually verify the location information of a large number of stores. A similar problem exists, for example, in the case where an electronic employee ID card is used to authenticate the entrance and exit of a building and each room, and the electronic employee ID card enables settlement of vending machines and canteens.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a landmark (a known fixed object whose coordinates are known. Patent Document 1 is a ticket gate, and Patent Document 2 is a bus stop without using a means for obtaining absolute coordinates such as GPS. ) And a moving object whose position is unknown (patent document 1 and patent document 2 are both people), the positional relationship between the destination (the event venue in patent document 1 and the shooting location in patent document 2) is changed with the time of passing the landmark. Obtained from the relative relationship of the time of arrival. Here, when the problem is formulated, the positions of the landmarks 1 and 2 are L1 and L2, the time when the moving object passes therethrough is T1 and T2, and the time when the moving object reaches the destination Lt is Tt. Then, if T1 <Tt <T2, the obvious principle that Lt is somewhere on the path from position L1 to L2 is used.

  And in patent document 1, when the passing time of a user's L1 and L2 is known with respect to three landmarks (L1, Lt, L2) whose positions are known in advance, the user sets Lt. This is a method of determining the possibility of passing, and does not estimate the location of Lt. In Patent Document 2, there are two landmarks (L1, L2) and one destination (Lt). When a user visits L1⇒Lt⇒L2, the Lt is either L1 or L2. For example, when there are a plurality of target values (Lt, Lu...), Even if the user visits in the order of L1⇒Lt⇒Lu⇒ ... ⇒L2, which of Lt and Lu becomes L1 more. It is not possible to judge whether it is close. As described above, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 do not solve the above-described problem that it is difficult to acquire and maintain information regarding a position where an action or action of a person or an object is performed.

  In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to acquire information on the relative position of a data collection device whose position is not known using a usage history of an IC card or the like.

  A typical example of the invention disclosed in the present application is as follows. That is, the first history data indicating the first time point when the IC card is connected to the first terminal device, which is the terminal device whose installation position is specified, and the terminal whose installation position is not specified Second history data indicating a second time point when the IC card is connected to a second terminal device, which is a device, and first position information indicating an installation position of the first terminal device, and Based on the first history data and the second history data, generating time information indicating a relationship between the first time point and the second time point, the time information, Based on the first position information, second position information indicating an installation position of the second terminal device is generated.

  According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to acquire information on a relative position from a data collection device with a known position for a data collection device with an unknown position.

1 is a block diagram showing a simplified system configuration in an embodiment of a data processing system to which the present invention is applied. It is a block block diagram which shows the structure of the position determination apparatus with which this invention was applied. It is a figure which shows a series of flows of the position determination process by the position determination apparatus in Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows a series of flows of the historical data rearrangement process which the historical data rearrangement process part in Example 1 performs. It is a figure which shows a series of flows of the time difference distribution and frequency totalization process which the time difference distribution and frequency totalization process part in Example 1 performs. It is a figure which shows a series of flows of the position determination process which the position determination process part in Example 1 performs. It is a block block diagram which shows the structure of the position determination apparatus in Example 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows a series of flows of the position determination process by the position determination apparatus in Example 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows a series of flows of the front-back pattern totaling process which the front-back pattern totaling process part in Example 2 performs. It is a figure which shows a series of flows of the position determination process which the position determination process part in Example 2 performs. It is a figure which shows the example of the structure of landmark information. It is a figure which shows the example of the structure of log | history data information. It is a figure which shows the example of the structure of time difference distribution and frequency totaling information. It is a figure which shows the example of the structure of position determination result information. It is a figure which shows the example of the structure of object data collection device information. It is a figure which shows the example of the operation screen of the position determination apparatus displayed on an operation terminal. It is a figure which shows the other example of the operation screen of the position determination apparatus displayed on an operation terminal.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, Example 1 of the present invention will be described below.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a data processing system according to a first embodiment of this invention. The main components of the system are IC cards (8021, 8022, 8023, 8024, 8025) directly used by users (8011, 8012, 8013, 8014, 8015 in FIG. 1), on the premises, around the station, or in the city Terminal devices (ticket gates 8031, ticket vending machines 8032 and 8033) and terminal devices (POS cash register terminals 8035, information provisions) for payment and service benefits associated with the purchase of goods and services IC card reader / writer terminals (8041, 8042, 8043, 8044, 8045) incorporated in a terminal, vending machine, etc. 8034), and gateway devices (8051, 8052, 8053, 8054, 8055), connected to the network A history management system 8071 for managing a history for use, a history data storage device 8072 for storing history data storing history information, a position determination device 8073, and a basic ledger for management information including ID and name of the data collection device and position information Data collection device master data storage device 8074 for storing data collection device master data that is a master data file, position determination result data storage device 8075 for storing position determination result data that is a file for accumulating position determination result data, and operator 8082 Is the operation terminal 8081 of the position determination device used by

  Here, a storage medium such as a storage device is used as the history data storage device 8072, the data collection device master data storage device 8074, and the position determination result data storage device 8075. These storage devices include the history management system 8071 and the position determination device. It may be directly connected to the 8073, or may be connected via a network.

  Each IC card (8021, 8022, 8023, 8024, 8025) has a unique ID. Further, portable information terminals such as mobile phones equipped with an IC card function are also included in the IC cards (8021, 8022, 8023, 8024, 8025) in this embodiment. Further, since the IC card usage history information is sent to and stored in the history management system through the IC card reader / writer terminals (8041, 8042, 8043, 8044, 8045), these reader / writer terminals are collectively referred to as data. Called a collector.

  The IC card (8021, 8022, 8023, 8024, 8025) and the data collection device (8041, 8042, 8043, 8044, 8045), the IC card has an antenna (8121, 8122, 8123, 8124, 8125, 8141, 8142, 8143). , 8144, 8145) to exchange data by connecting to the data collection devices (8041, 8042, 8043, 8044, 8045).

  FIG. 2 is a block configuration diagram showing the configuration of the position determination device 8073. The position determination device 8073 includes a processor 80731, a memory 80732, and an interface 80733. The processor 80731 and the memory 80732 are connected to an external device via the interface 80733. The memory 80732 includes target data collection device information 106, landmark information 107, history data information 108, time difference distribution / frequency totaling information 109, position determination result information 110, and target data collection / landmark setting processing section 2301. The history data rearrangement processing unit 2302, the time difference distribution / frequency aggregation processing unit 2303, and the position determination processing unit 2304 are stored. In the position determination device 8073, the processor 80731 reads and executes each program of the target data collection / landmark setting processing unit 2301, the history data rearrangement processing unit 2302, the time difference distribution / frequency totaling processing unit 2303, and the position determination processing unit 2304. Thus, each process described later in the position determination process is performed.

  In this embodiment, the data collection devices (8041, 8042) mounted on ticket gates and ticket machines, which are fixed to the station, are taken as examples of data collection devices whose positions are known, and are frequently relocated or newly installed. The data collection devices (8043, 8044, 8045) mounted on other devices are examples of data collection devices whose positions are unknown. However, it goes without saying that a data collection device other than these examples can be used for the data collection device whose position is known and the data collection device whose position is unknown.

  Further, when the positions of the data collection devices (8041, 8042) mounted on the ticket gates and ticket machines at the station are unknown, they are used as data collection devices whose positions are unknown, and other data collection devices (8043, 8044). , 8045) can be used as a data collection device having a known position. In this embodiment, a data collection device (8041, 8042) whose position is known is used as a landmark, and a data collection device whose position is unknown is used as a position determination target. In the following description, a data collection device mounted on a ticket gate will be described as an example of a landmark. However, if the data collection device has a known position, the data collection device (8041, 8042) in this embodiment is used. It can be used as a landmark.

  An example of the structure of the target data collection device information 106 is shown in FIG. This information is obtained by extracting a part of the data collection device master data stored in the data collection device master data storage device 8074. In addition to the data collection device master data shown in FIG. 15, the data collection devices (8041, 8042, 8043, 8044, 8045) required for the railway fare and electronic money settlement such as the owner of the terminal (electronic money payment destination company), etc. ) Is included, and the position determination device 8073 extracts a part thereof and uses it as the target data collection device information 106.

  In this embodiment, what is stored in the target data collection device information 106 is information on a data collection device that does not have position information for specifying a position such as an address or latitude / longitude. The target data collection device information 106 includes a name 1501 such as a device on which the data collection device is installed and a store / station where the data collection device is installed, and a data collection device ID 1502 for managing each data collection device. Data in a table format holding a set. In FIG. 15, the name 1501 is “Poem No. 1 store”, the data collection device ID 1502 is V01230002, the name 1501 is “Vending machine 3051”, the data collection device ID 1502 is V555550051, the name 1501 is “Vending machine 3052”, and the data collection device ID 1502 is V555550052. An example is shown.

  Next, the structure of the landmark information 107 is shown in FIG. The landmark information 107 is obtained by extracting a part of the data collection device master data stored in the data collection device master data storage device 8074. In addition to the target data collection device information 106 shown in FIG. 15, the data collection device master data stored in the data collection device master data storage device 8074 includes a railway such as the reader / writer terminal owner (electronic money paying company). It also includes basic information as a data collection device necessary for fare and electronic money settlement, and the position determination device 8073 extracts a part thereof and uses it as landmark information 107. Further, the target data collection device information 106 is stored in data collection devices such as 8041 and 8042 (especially installed in the ticket gates of stations) where position information for specifying the location such as address and latitude / longitude exists. Information associated with a station such as a reader / writer terminal).

  The landmark information 107 includes a landmark ID 1101 that is an ID of a landmark that is a data collection device (8041, 8042) whose position is known, a device on which the landmark is mounted, a store / station where the landmark is installed, and the like. Data in a table format that holds a set of name information 1102, corresponding data collection device ID 1502, position data such as latitude data 1104, longitude data 1105, and the like.

  In FIG. 11, the landmark ID is 10, the name is Kokubunji ticket gate 1, the data collection device ID is G111D1001, the latitude is 35 degrees 42 minutes 1 second north, the longitude is 139 degrees 28 minutes 48 seconds east, and the landmark ID is 15, The name is Tokyo ticket gate 25, the data collection device ID is G00012005, the latitude is 35 degrees 40 minutes 50 seconds north, the longitude is 139 degrees 46:00 seconds east, and the landmark ID is 15, the name is Tokyo ticket gate 26, In this example, the data collection device ID is G00012006, the latitude is 35 degrees 40 minutes 50 seconds north latitude, and the longitude is 139 degrees 46:00 seconds east longitude. The landmark ID 1101 does not correspond to one data collection device, but refers to a certain place, for example, Tokyo Station where the data collection device which is a landmark is installed when ID = 15 in the example of FIG. Other than the station, the landmark may be installed at a more detailed location such as a ticket gate at the south exit of the station or a ticket gate.

  Next, the structure of the history data information 108 is shown in FIG. The history data file collected by the history management system 8071 and stored in the history data storage device 8072 includes information necessary for railway fare calculation and use of electronic money at the time of product purchase other than the information shown in FIG. In 8073, a part thereof is extracted and used as the history data information 108. For example, the history data information 108 in this embodiment includes a user ID 1201 which is an ID of an IC card held by the user, and a reader / writer terminal whose IC card is the data collection device when the user passes through the data collection device. A set of a date 1202 connected to (8041, 8042, 8043, 8044, 8045), a data collection device ID 1502, and an operation 1204 when the user passes through the data collection device is held in a table format.

  In the example of FIG. 12, for example, an IC card whose user ID 1201 is S0123 is sent to a data collection device whose data collection device ID 1502 is G111D1001 at date and time (1202) 18:15:30 on October 31, 2010. Connected to enter the station (1204), and then the IC card with the user ID 1201 of S0123 is the date and time (1202) at 18:17:03 on Oct. 31, 2010, and the data collection device ID 1502 is V01230002. The data collection device is touched for purchase (1204) of goods using electronic money or the like, and the IC card whose user ID 1201 is S0123 is the date and time (1202) October 31, 2010, 19:05:15 Data collection whose data collection device ID 1502 is G00012005 per second In the apparatus, indicating that the connection in order to compete from the station (1204).

  Next, the structure of the time difference distribution / frequency tabulation information 109 is shown in FIG. The time difference distribution / frequency totaling information 109 includes a data collection device ID 1502 of a data collection device with an unknown position, a landmark ID 1101 of a landmark that is a candidate of the nearest data collection device of the data collection device with an unknown position (the data collection device ID 1502 is The landmark ID 1101 of the landmark that is G111D1001 is “10”, the landmark ID 1101 of the landmark that is G00012005 is “15”, and the date and time of connection 1202 between the landmark and the data collection device whose position is unknown. Difference information 1303, frequency 1304 indicating how many times the history of the time difference 1303 has occurred, start date 1305 which is the minimum value (oldest date) of the history date, and maximum date of the history date Value (newest date) It holds a set of Ryobi 1306 in table format. Here, the time difference 1303 is a positive integer value.

  In the example of the first two rows in FIG. 13, regarding the data collection device with an unknown position whose data collection device ID 1502 is V01230002, for example, the time difference from the landmark with ID 10 as the first row (1307) is 93. Second, frequency is once, start date and end date is October 31, 2010, and the second line (1308) has a time difference of 2892 seconds from the landmark with ID of 1592 seconds, frequency once, start date The end date is October 31, 2010. The same information is also stored for the data collection device of unknown position whose data collection device ID 1502 is V5550051 (1309, 1310).

  The structure of the position determination result information 110 is shown in FIG. The position determination result information 110 has a part of the same structure as the time difference distribution / frequency count information 109 shown in FIG. That is, a set of a data collection device ID 1502, a landmark ID 1101, a time difference 1303, a frequency 1304, a start date 1305, an end date 1306, and a determination flag 1407 that is a different portion is held in a table format. The data shown in FIG. 13 is a list of sets of time differences between data collection device IDs and landmark IDs. In the entire table, a plurality of identical landmark IDs appear for the same data collection device ID (however, the time difference is Different), or multiple landmark IDs appear for the same data collection device ID. However, in the example of FIG. 14, there is only one line for the landmark determined to be closest to one data collection device ID. In addition, the determination flag 1407 which is a different part stores a flag indicating whether or not reliable determination has been made as a result of the determination, and here, a flag value indicating that 1 is reliable and 0 is unreliable. This determination will be described later with reference to FIG. In FIG. 14, as a result, it is determined that the landmark ID is 10 and the time difference is 93 seconds for the data collection device ID V01230002, and the landmark ID is 15 and the time difference is 140 seconds for V5555550051, which is not reliable. The example determined to be is shown.

1 is stored in the position determination result data storage device 8075 in FIG.
Next, FIG. 16 shows an example of the operation screen 1601 of the position determination device 8073 displayed on the operation terminal 8081 of FIG. The operation terminal includes a pointing device such as a mouse and a character input device such as a keyboard, and an area such as a button on the screen is clicked using the pointing device and the keyboard. In a region 1602 and a region 1603, a range of date and time 1202 of history data used for position determination is designated. The value of date 1202 is input by the operator 8082 from the character input device. Then, the determination execution button 1604 is instructed with a pointing device and clicked to start determination processing described later.

  When the landmark list display button 1605 and the target data collection device list button 1606 are clicked, the landmark information 107 in the format of FIG. 11 and the target data collection device information in the format of FIG. 15 are displayed in the display area 1607. 106 is displayed. Reference numeral 1608 denotes a check button corresponding to one line of data. It is also possible to click the determination execution button 1604 after checking this check button and selecting the target data collection device or landmark to narrow down the processing target.

  When the determination execution button 1604 is clicked to start the determination process and the process ends, the position determination result information 110 as shown in FIG. 14 is displayed in the display area 1607. When one of them is selected by clicking a check button and a detail display button 1609 is clicked, details of the determination contents are displayed in another window. This window will be described later.

  Next, a series of operations of the position determination device 8073 after the determination execution button 1604 is clicked will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The position determination device 8073 performs a target data collection device / landmark setting process 301 to set a target data collection device that is a position determination target and a landmark data collection device that is a position reference point at that time. These extract necessary data from the data collection device master data storage device 8074 in FIG. 1, and the target data collection device information 106 and landmark information 107 in the memory area in the position determination device 8073 are respectively displayed in the format and FIG. 11 is a process of storing in the 11 format. Unless specified individually on the screen of FIG. 16, the target data collection device information 106 is selected as all data collection devices without position information such as latitude data 1104, longitude data 1105, and association information with stations, etc. Thus, each piece of information is stored in the format of FIG.

  On the other hand, unless otherwise specified individually on the screen of FIG. 16, the landmark information is extracted from the data collection device having position information such as latitude data 1104, longitude data 1105, and linkage information with a station. The

  Next, a history data rearrangement process 302 is performed, and a time difference distribution / frequency aggregation process 303 and a position determination process 304 are executed. As a result, the position determination result is stored in the position determination result information 110 of the position determination device 8073 in the format of FIG. This is output to the position determination result data storage device 8075 as position determination result data to a file, and the process is completed. Details of the history data rearrangement process 302, the time difference distribution / frequency aggregation process 303, and the position determination process 304 will be described below.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating in detail the procedure of the history data rearrangement process 302 performed by the history data rearrangement processing unit 2302 shown in FIG. First, the component information of the history data 108 in the format of FIG. 12 is extracted from the history data file stored in the history data storage device 8072, and divided into units of history data having the same user ID (401). ). Then, the history data is rearranged for the history data for each user ID (402). In the rearrangement for each user ID, the history data is rearranged according to the date and time (403) and held in the history data information (404). This process is performed for all user IDs (405).

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining in detail the procedure of the time difference distribution / frequency counting process performed by the time difference distribution / frequency counting processing unit 2303 shown in FIG. First, initialization is performed by emptying the time difference distribution / frequency count information 109 (501). Next, history data for one user ID is read from the history data information 108 (503). From the history data read from the history data information 108, one piece of history data related to the data collection device listed in the target data collection device information 106 is extracted with reference to the target data collection device information 106, and between each landmark. The date and time 1202 are compared with each other, the previous history data that is the history data at the landmark with the shortest time difference between the date and time 1202 before the date and time 1202 before the history data of the target data collection device, and the target data collection device The history data immediately after that is the history data at the landmark with the shortest time difference between the date and time 1202 later than the history data is extracted. At this time, the time difference 1303 is also calculated (505).

  If the same entry as the triple of the data collection device ID, the landmark ID, and the time difference is registered in the time difference distribution / frequency count information 106 with respect to the immediately preceding history data, the entry frequency 1304 is entered. 1 is added, if the date of the history data (the date portion of the date 1202 in FIG. 12) is earlier than the start date 1305, the start date 1305 is rewritten to the date of the history data, and the date of the history data ends. If the date is later than the date, the end date is rewritten as the date of the history data. If there is no entry, the triple entry is newly inserted with the frequency 1304 as 1, the start date and the end date as the date of the history data. A similar process is performed on the immediately subsequent history data (506). These processes are repeated until all the history data at the target terminal included in the read history data is processed (507). Further, these processes are repeated until all the user IDs are processed (508).

  For example, the history data of the target data collection device in FIG. 12 is generated corresponding to the second line (1206), the immediately preceding history data corresponding to the first line (1205), and the immediately following history data corresponding to the third line (1207). This is an example of the first two rows (1307, 1308) of the time difference distribution / frequency tabulation information 109 of FIG. In the present invention, when the distance between the data collection device serving as a landmark and the target data collection device does not change and a large number of users move at a certain range of speed and pass through both, the distribution of the difference in the passage time Is based on the principle that changes in proportion to the actual distance. Accordingly, the shorter the time difference and the higher the frequency, the closer to the nearest place. That is, it is determined that the target data collection device is installed near the “nearest” landmark. In this way, it is possible to estimate the position of the data collection apparatus having no position information by using the table showing the relationship between the time difference and the frequency between the data collection apparatus and the landmark in FIG.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining in detail the procedure of the position determination processing 304 performed by the position determination processing unit 2304 shown in FIG. For each target data collection device of the time difference distribution / frequency totaling information 109 (601), the landmark having the shortest time difference 1303, its time difference 1303, the landmark having the highest frequency 1304, and its frequency are acquired (602). In accordance with a predetermined determination rule, the landmark corresponding to the target terminal is determined using the information acquired in step 602 (603), and held in the position determination result information 110 (604).

  Here, the predetermined determination rule may be determined by an operator, and a model such as a decision tree is constructed using time difference distribution / frequency aggregation information of a target terminal whose corresponding landmark is known. May be.

  For example, as the time difference 1303 is smaller and the frequency 1304 is larger, it is determined that the landmark is “nearest” for many users. In addition, when there are entries that do not overlap in the date range of the start date 1305 and the end date 1306 regardless of the frequency, they are independently nearest to each other from the start date to the end date (that is, the data collection). It may be determined that the device has been moved. Alternatively, the time difference 1303 may be preferentially used as a determination criterion, and a landmark having a smaller time difference value may be determined to be the “nearest” landmark (when comparing 1307 and 1308 in FIG. 13, the time difference 1303 is 1307. Therefore, the “nearest” landmark of the data collection device with the data collection ID V01230002 is determined to be the data collection device with the landmark ID “10”).

  Further, when there is no significant difference in the time difference value, the frequency 1304 may be preferentially used as a determination criterion, and a landmark having a larger frequency value may be determined as the “nearest” landmark (1309 in FIG. 13). And 1310, since the frequency 1304 is larger than 1309, it is determined that the “nearest” landmark of the data collection device with the data collection ID V5555550051 is the data collection device with the landmark ID “10”. To do).

  Further, regarding a reliable result that can be determined as a “closest” landmark according to a certain standard, the determination flag 1407 of the entry is set to 1, and when it is not determined as “closest”, the determination flag 1407 is set to 0. . For example, if the frequency values of different landmarks are substantially equal, the total number of histories related to the target data collection device is extremely small, or the shortest time difference is extremely large, the determination flag is set to 0.

  When the above processing is completed for all target terminals, the target terminal and the position information (the nearest landmark ID and the shortest time) held in the position determination result information 110 are stored in the position determination result data storage device 8075. Stored as a judgment result data file. In addition, the master data creation process is completed by displaying in the display area 1607 of the screen of FIG.

  Here, in FIG. 16, when the check button 1608 corresponding to the entry whose determination flag 1407 is “1” in the position determination result information 110 displayed in the display area 1607 is clicked and the detail display button 1609 is clicked. The displayed window will be described with reference to FIG.

  Reference numeral 1701 in FIG. 17 denotes the entire screen. The screen includes four areas, a summary area 1702, a map area 1703, a frequency area 1704, and a period area 1705. The summary area 1702 displays the ID and analysis period of the target data collection device, the total number of (historical data immediately before and immediately after) data related to the data collection device (same as the sum of the frequency 1304), and the like. The map area 1703 refers to the time difference distribution / frequency totaling information 109 of the target data collection device on the map, and the frequency 1304 related to the landmark is set at each candidate landmark location having the landmark ID (1711, 1712). An icon having a size corresponding to the total value (black circles 1708 and 1709 in the figure) and a circle having a diameter corresponding to the minimum value of the time difference 1303 (dotted line circle 1710 in the figure) are displayed.

  As described in FIG. 11, the landmark ID “10” of 1711 corresponding to the icon 1708 indicates Kokubunji Station, and the landmark ID “15” of 1712 corresponding to the icon 1709 indicates Tokyo Station. The frequency area 1704 displays the distribution of each value as a time difference 1303 on the horizontal axis and a frequency 1304 on the vertical axis for each landmark of the time difference distribution / frequency tabulation information 109 of the target data collection device. The period area 1705 shows a period from the start date to the end date of the time difference distribution / frequency count information 109 of the target data collection device for each landmark, with the horizontal axis as the date. Based on this information, the operator (8082) determines the nearest landmark, clicks the check button 1706 for the corresponding landmark in the frequency area 1704, and clicks the selection button 1707, thereby selecting the nearest landmark. You can also register as

  As described above, with respect to the data collection device whose position is unknown, the relative positional relationship from the landmark (the data collection device whose position is known) is acquired for the data collection device whose position is unknown by the apparatus configuration and processing of the first embodiment. Is possible. Then, by taking into account the difference in the time when the user's action was taken, an index indicating the actual “closeness” that is different from the distance is expressed by the time difference, and the “nearest” in line with the user's actual feeling is expressed. It becomes possible to judge.

  A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the position determination device 8073 ′ according to the second embodiment. Here, the constituent elements differ from the example of FIG. 2 regarding the first embodiment in that a time difference distribution / frequency totaling processing unit 2303 includes a front and rear pattern totaling processing unit 701, and other configurations are not specifically described. Is the same. In addition, the connection relationship between the position determination device 8073 ′ and other devices in the data analysis system is the same as the connection relationship with the other devices regarding the position determination device 8073 shown in FIG. 1.

  In the second embodiment, the position determination device 8073 'determines whether the target data collection device is in the area or outside the area. Here, it is assumed that the history data information 108 of the data collection device as a landmark can identify that “entered” and “participated” in an area passing through the landmark. For example, in the case of a railway, the certain area corresponds to “within the ticket gate”. That is, it is determined from the name 1501 in FIG. 11 that the landmark is installed on the inner and outer boundaries of a predetermined area. Further, for example, “entrance” here means that the IC card moves from outside the area to the area before and after the connection with the landmark, and “entrance” here means the IC card. Can be defined as indicating movement from inside the area to outside the area before and after connection with the landmark.

  This process is also started on the same screen 1601 as in FIG. A series of operations of the position determination device 8073 'after the activation will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, the position determination device 8073 ′ performs a target data collection device / landmark setting process 301 to set a data collection device to be a position determination target and a landmark data collection device to be a position reference point at that time. . Next, a history data rearrangement process 302 is performed, and a front / rear pattern totaling process 801 and a position determination process 802 are executed. Details of the front / rear pattern totaling process 801 and the position determination process 802 will be described below. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 8, the target data collection device / landmark setting process 301 and the history data rearrangement process 302 are the same processes as those described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining in detail the procedure of the front and rear pattern totaling processing 801 performed by the front and rear pattern totaling processing unit 701 shown in FIG. First, initialization is performed by emptying the time difference distribution / frequency count information 109 (501). Next, history data for one user ID is read from the history data information 108 (503). From the history data read from the history data information 108, one piece of history data related to the data collection device listed in the target data collection device information 106 is extracted with reference to the target data collection device information 106, and between each landmark. The date and time 1202 are compared with each other, the previous history data that is the history data at the landmark with the shortest time difference between the date and time 1202 before the date and time 1202 before the history data of the target data collection device, and the target data collection device The history data immediately after that is the history data at the landmark with the shortest time difference between the date and time 1202 later than the history data is extracted. At this time, the time difference 1303 is also calculated (505). The processing so far is the same as the processing described in the first embodiment with reference to FIG.

  In the next step 901, regarding the previous history data, when the previous history data is “entrance”, the time difference 1303 in FIGS. In this case, a numerical value “2” is input to the time difference 1303. Here, the time difference “1” is a symbol meaning in the area, and the time difference “2” is a symbol meaning outside the area. In addition, when showing the inside and outside of an area, you may use an alphabet etc. instead of a numerical value. If the same entry as the set of the target data collection device ID 1502, the landmark ID 1101, and the time difference 1303 is registered in the time difference distribution / frequency totaling information 109 shown in FIG. 13, the frequency 1304 of the entry is “1”. 12 and referring to the history data information shown in FIG. 12, if the date of the history data (the date portion of the date 1202 in FIG. 12) is a date before the start date 1305, the start date 1305 is set to the history data. If the date of the history data is later than the end date, the end date is changed to the date of the history data.

If there is no entry, the set of entries is newly inserted with the frequency 1304 as “1” and the start date and end date as the dates of the history data. The same processing is performed for the immediately subsequent history data. At this time, if the immediately following history data is “entrance”, the time difference is set to “2”, and if it is “entry”, the time difference is set to “1” (901). Here, the distinction between “entrance” and “entrance” is determined based on whether the history data operation 1204 is entry or exit.
These processes 505 and 901 are repeated until all the history data at the target terminal included in the read history data is processed (507). Further, the processing of 503 to 507 is repeated until processing is performed for all user IDs (508).

  In the present embodiment, the basic principle for determining the inside / outside of the area is that the operation 1204 in FIG. 12 refers to the previous history data, and the operation 1204 at the landmark immediately before the data collection device is “entrance”. Alternatively, with reference to the history data immediately after, if the operation 1204 at the landmark immediately after is “participation”, it is determined that the data collection device is within the landmark. On the other hand, referring to the immediately preceding history data, if the operation 1204 at the immediately preceding landmark is “participation”, or if referring to the immediately following history data and the operation 1204 at the immediately following landmark is “entrance”, then that The data collection device determines that the data collection device is outside the landmark.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining in detail the procedure of the position determination processing 802 performed by the position determination processing unit 2304 in FIG. For the target data collection device having the respective data collection device IDs of the time difference distribution / frequency totaling information 109 (601), the sum of the frequencies 1304 with the time difference 1303 being “1” and the time difference 1303 being “2” for each landmark. The sum total of the frequencies 1304 is obtained (1001). A landmark corresponding to the target terminal is determined according to a predetermined determination rule (603), and held in the determination result information 106 (604).

  Here, the predetermined judgment rule may be determined by the operator, and a model such as a decision tree is constructed using the time difference distribution / frequency aggregation information 109 of the target terminal whose corresponding landmark is known. May be.

  For example, on the assumption that there is only one area to be determined and the inside / outside is determined, the ideal result is that the sum of the frequency 1304 of the time difference 1303 obtained by the processing of step 1001 is “1” and the time difference 1303 is 2. Either one of the sums of the frequencies 1304 is 0. In other words, “1” and “2” are ideally not mixed, and the frequency of either one is “0”. However, the clock that determines the time of the history data for some reason is not correct, the data collection device is relocated within or outside the area, or does not pass the landmark data collection device for any reason (no history data is left) This is not the case. However, this is rarely the case, and if there is a sufficient amount of history data, either one will be a sufficiently small value. Alternatively, if there are entries that do not overlap in the date range of the start date 1305 and the end date 1306 regardless of the frequency 1304, they were independently closest in the period between the start date and the end date (ie, the data It can be considered that the collection device has been relocated).

  If either one of the sum of the frequency 1304 with the time difference 1303 of “1” and the sum of the frequency 1304 with the time difference 1303 obtained in step 1001 is 0 or a small value, the determination result is reliable. The determination flag 1407 is set to “1”. Conversely, if both values are almost equal and cannot be determined, the determination flag 1407 is set to 0.

  Here, the predetermined determination rule may be determined by the client, or a model such as a decision tree may be constructed using the frequency information of the target data collection device whose inside and outside the landmark are known. .

  When the above processing is completed for all target terminals, the target terminal and its position information (information indicating the nearest landmark ID, the shortest time, and the inside and outside of the area) held in the position determination result information 110 are located. The result is stored in the determination result data storage device 8075 as a position determination result data file. In addition, the master data creation process is completed by displaying in the display area 1607 of the screen of FIG.

  As described above, it is possible to estimate whether the data collection device is inside or outside the facility by collecting the facilities in units of entry and exit by the apparatus configuration and processing of the second embodiment. .

  In addition, statistical processing using a large amount of history data may result in a time that is used as a reference for position determination being shifted by the device, a record of a data collection device with a known position being lost, or unknown data collection. The position can be estimated even when the position of the apparatus changes with time.

  The first and second embodiments described above can be realized as a single unit. In that case, the time difference 1303 in FIG. 13 is held separately for the area for the first embodiment and the area for the second embodiment.

  In both the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the IC card reader / writer is described as the data collection device, and the history data is described as the use history of the IC card having a unique ID. Each card has a unique ID, a magnetic card such as a credit card instead of an IC card, a bar code printed card, or a magnetic card reader or bar code reader instead of a data collection device. Can also be used.

  Or, although the system configuration changes, the moving side is used as a reading device, an RFID having a unique ID is attached to an unidentified article or landmark, and a unique ID that is held and operated by a person while traveling around It is also possible to use history data read by an RFID reader having.

  Based on these assumptions, the application destinations of these embodiments are not limited to the example of the IC ticket and electronic money of the railway mentioned above, but also an IC card such as an ID card that can be used in a building entrance / exit, a dining room or a vending machine, It can be extended to an amusement park admission ticket and the gate of each attraction. Also, using RFID, RFID attached to the entrance of each room in a factory or warehouse is used as a landmark, and RFID attached to an article placed in each room is regarded as a data collection device with an unknown position. You can also

  The invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described on the basis of the embodiment. However, the invention is not limited to the embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. .

8073, 8073 ′ Position determination device 80731 Processor 80732 Memory 80733 Interface 8072 History data storage device 8074 Data collection device master data storage device 8075 Position determination result data storage device 2301 Target data collection / landmark setting processing unit 2302 History data rearrangement processing unit 2303 Time difference distribution / frequency tabulation processing section
2304 Position determination processing unit 701 Front and rear pattern totaling processing unit
106 Target data collection device information 107 Landmark information 108 History data information 109 Time difference distribution / frequency totaling information
110 Position determination result information 1601 Operation screen of position determination device

Claims (12)

A plurality of terminal devices that transmit / receive data to / from the IC card by connecting to the IC card, and store history data related to the connection between the IC card and the terminal device by connecting to the plurality of terminal devices An information processing system comprising: a storage device; and an information processing device connected to the storage device and capable of acquiring the history data from the storage device,
The storage device
As the history data, first history data indicating a first time point when the IC card is connected to the first terminal device which is the terminal device whose installation position is specified, and the installation position is not specified Storing second history data indicating a second time point when the IC card is connected to a second terminal device which is a terminal device;
Storing first position information indicating an installation position of the first terminal device in association with the first history data;
The information processing apparatus includes:
Obtaining the first location information, the first history data, and the second history data from the storage device;
Based on the first history data and the second history data, generate time information indicating a relationship between the first time point and the second time point,
Based on the time information and the first position information, second position information indicating an installation position of the second terminal device is generated.
An information processing system characterized by this. The information processing system according to claim 1,
The storage device
For each of the plurality of IC cards, the first history data and the second history data are stored,
A landmark identifier for individually identifying each of the first terminal devices is stored in association with the first position information and the first history data,
The information processing apparatus includes:
For each IC card, the first history data and the second history data are acquired, and the time information is generated,
The time information is associated with the landmark identifier associated with the first history data used for generating the time information, and the time information and the time information are associated with the landmark identifier. Generate each combination of landmark identifier,
Generating frequency information that is information indicating the number of times each of the combinations is generated ;
Based on the frequency information, the time information, and the first position information associated with the time information, the second position information is generated.
An information processing system characterized by this. The information processing system according to claim 2 ,
The information processing apparatus includes:
Based on the distribution of the frequency information with respect to the time information and the first position information associated with the time information, the second position information is generated.
An information processing system characterized by this. The information processing system according to claim 2,
The storage device
The frequency information is stored in association with the time information used to generate the frequency information and the landmark identifier associated with the time information.
An information processing system characterized by this. The information processing system according to claim 1,
The information processing apparatus includes:
As the time information, a time difference between the first time point and the second time point is calculated,
Based on the time difference, estimate the distance between the installation position of the first terminal device and the installation position of the second terminal device,
Generating the second position information based on the distance and the first position information;
An information processing system characterized by this. The information processing system according to claim 1,
The storage device
As a part of the first location information, store the doorway information that is information indicating that the first terminal device is installed at the inner and outer boundaries of a predetermined area,
Admission information that is information indicating that the IC card is located outside the predetermined area before the first time point and is located within the predetermined area after the first time point; and Any of participation information which is information indicating that the IC card is located within the predetermined area before the first time point and is located outside the predetermined area after the first time point One is stored as the history data in association with the first history data,
The information processing apparatus includes:
Obtaining the entry information or the entry information from the storage device;
Based on the entrance information or the entry information, the time information, and the entrance information, the second position information is generated.
An information processing system characterized by this. An information processing apparatus that is connected to a storage device that stores history data related to connection when data is transmitted and received between an IC card and a plurality of terminal devices, and that can acquire the history data from the storage device ,
First history data indicating a first time point when the IC card is connected to the first terminal device which is the terminal device whose installation position is specified; and first terminal data which is the terminal device whose installation position is not specified Information obtained from the storage device, second history data indicating a second time point when the IC card is connected to a second terminal device, and first position information indicating an installation position of the first terminal device An acquisition unit;
A time information generating unit that generates time information indicating a relationship between the first time point and the second time point based on the first history data and the second history data;
A position information generation unit that generates second position information indicating an installation position of the second terminal device based on the time information and the first position information;
An information processing apparatus characterized by that. The information processing apparatus according to claim 7 ,
The information acquisition unit
Obtaining a landmark identifier associated with each of the first location information and the first history data for individually identifying each of the first terminal devices;
The time information generator is
For each of the plurality of IC cards, the first history data and the second history data are acquired, and the time information is generated,
The time information is associated with the landmark identifier associated with the first history data used for generating the time information, and the time information and the time information are associated with the landmark identifier. A frequency information generation unit that generates each combination of landmark identifiers and generates frequency information that is information indicating the number of times each of the combinations is generated;
The position information generation unit
Based on the frequency information, the time information, and the first position information associated with the time information, the second position information is generated.
An information processing apparatus characterized by that. The information processing apparatus according to claim 8 ,
The position information generation unit
Based on the distribution of the frequency information with respect to the time information and the first position information associated with the time information, the second position information is generated.
An information processing apparatus characterized by that. The information processing apparatus according to claim 7 ,
The time information generator is
As the time information, a time difference between the first time point and the second time point is calculated,
The position information generation unit
Based on the time difference, estimate the distance between the installation position of the first terminal device and the installation position of the second terminal device,
Generating the second position information based on the distance and the first position information;
An information processing apparatus characterized by that. The information processing apparatus according to claim 7 ,
The information acquisition unit
As a part of the first location information, to obtain doorway information that is information indicating that the first terminal device is installed on the inner and outer boundaries of a predetermined area,
The first history data indicating that the IC card is located outside the predetermined area before the first time point and is located within the predetermined area after the first time point; The admission information, which is associated information, and the IC card are located within a predetermined area before the first time point, and are located outside the predetermined area after the first time point. , To obtain any one of participation information that is information associated with the first history data,
The position information generation unit
Based on the entrance information or the entry information, the time information, and the entrance information, the second position information is generated.
An information processing apparatus characterized by that. A plurality of terminal devices that transmit / receive data to / from the IC card by connecting to the IC card, and store history data related to the connection between the IC card and the terminal device by connecting to the plurality of terminal devices Information for generating information on an installation position of at least one of the terminal devices in an information processing system comprising: a storage device that is connected to the storage device; A processing method,
The information processing device has first history data indicating a first time point when the IC card is connected to a first terminal device which is the terminal device whose installation position is specified, and an installation position is not specified Second history data indicating a second time point when the IC card is connected to the second terminal device which is the terminal device, and first position information indicating an installation position of the first terminal device, Obtained from the storage device,
The information processing device generates time information indicating a relationship between the first time point and the second time point based on the first history data and the second history data. ,
The information processing device generates second position information indicating an installation position of the second terminal device based on the time information and the first position information.
An information processing method characterized by the above.

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