JP5717715B2 - Disposal of used paper diapers - Google Patents
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- JP5717715B2 JP5717715B2 JP2012286915A JP2012286915A JP5717715B2 JP 5717715 B2 JP5717715 B2 JP 5717715B2 JP 2012286915 A JP2012286915 A JP 2012286915A JP 2012286915 A JP2012286915 A JP 2012286915A JP 5717715 B2 JP5717715 B2 JP 5717715B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Description
本発明は、使用済み紙オムツの処理方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for processing used paper diapers.
一般に紙オムツは、パルプ等からなる吸収体と、吸収体が吸収した水分を保持する高分子吸収体（高分子ポリマー）と、これらを包む防水材（プラスチック）などの素材から構成されている。 In general, a paper diaper is composed of an absorbent body made of pulp or the like, a polymer absorbent body (polymer polymer) that retains moisture absorbed by the absorbent body, and a waterproof material (plastic) that wraps these.
従来、使い捨てオムツの処理（処分）は、衛生的な理由から焼却処分が最善とされていたが、水分を多く含んでいるため焼却する際に多量の熱量を必要とし、無駄にエネルギーを消費している。また、資源の有効利用の観点から使用済み紙オムツの構成素材は回収して再利用することが望ましい。 Conventionally, disposal (disposal) of disposable diapers has been best done by incineration for hygienic reasons. However, because it contains a lot of water, it requires a large amount of heat to incinerate and wastes energy. ing. Moreover, it is desirable to collect and reuse the constituent material of used paper diapers from the viewpoint of effective use of resources.
構成素材の回収方法としては、例えば紙オムツを構成するパルプ等を薬品を用いて分離して、回収して再利用する分離回収処理がある。この分離回収処理では、前処理として紙オムツを回転する刃などで破砕し、その後の分離や回収を行っていた。 As a method for collecting the constituent materials, for example, there is a separation and recovery process in which pulp or the like that constitutes a paper diaper is separated using chemicals and collected and reused. In this separation and recovery process, the paper diaper was crushed with a rotating blade or the like as a pre-process, and the subsequent separation and recovery were performed.
一方、使用済み紙オムツには、使用状態から大便や小便が付着しており細菌も含まれる場合もあることから、使用済み紙オムツを処理する場合には、消毒剤を含有する水流で洗い、汚れの一部を消毒する紙オムツの処理方法が特許文献１で提案されている。 On the other hand, since used paper diapers have stool and urine adhering to them and may contain bacteria, when processing used paper diapers, wash with a water stream containing a disinfectant, A paper diaper processing method for disinfecting a part of dirt is proposed in Patent Document 1.
この処理方法によれば、消毒剤として例えば、オゾン、塩素、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等が用いられ、洗った水は水質処理して廃棄されている。 According to this treatment method, for example, ozone, chlorine, sodium hypochlorite or the like is used as a disinfectant, and the washed water is discarded after being subjected to water quality treatment.
しかしながら、上記特許文献１に開示された紙オムツの処理方法では、消毒剤を含有する水流で使用済み紙オムツを洗うため、大量の水を必要とし、しかも、洗うために使用した水を廃棄する場合にも大量の廃水を水質処理しなければならないので大がかりな設備を必要とする。 However, in the paper diaper processing method disclosed in Patent Document 1, a large amount of water is required to wash used paper diapers with a water stream containing a disinfectant, and the water used for washing is discarded. Even in this case, a large amount of wastewater must be treated, so large-scale equipment is required.
そこで、本発明は、大量の水を必要とすることなく消毒することができ、処理することのできる使用済み紙オムツの処理方法の提供を目的とする。 Then, this invention aims at provision of the processing method of the used paper diaper which can be disinfected without requiring a lot of water and can be processed.
請求項１の発明の使用済み紙オムツの処理方法では、使用済み紙オムツを消毒し処理する使用済み紙オムツの処理方法であって、石灰と次亜塩素と使用済み紙オムツを処理槽内に投入し、前記処理槽内で前記使用済み紙オムツを撹拌させるために必要な最低限の水量を給水して、石灰により分解された前記使用済み紙オムツから出た、前記使用済み紙オムツに吸収されていた水分を用いて、所定の時間にわたり撹拌し、前記処理槽内の液体を前記処理槽の外へ排出させる、ことを特徴とする。 The processing method of used paper diaper of the invention of claim 1, a processing method of used paper diaper processing disinfect the used paper diaper, lime and a hypochlorous the used paper diaper in a processing tank It turned, and said watered the minimum water volume necessary for stirring the used paper diaper in a processing vessel, exiting from the used paper diaper which is decomposed by lime, in the used paper diaper with absorbed optionally moisture, and stirred for a predetermined time, the liquid in the processing bath Ru is discharged to the outside of the treatment tank, characterized in that.
請求項２の発明の使用済み紙オムツの処理方法では、使用済み紙オムツを消毒し処理する使用済み紙オムツの処理方法であって、石灰と使用済み紙オムツを処理槽内に投入し、前記処理槽内で前記使用済み紙オムツを撹拌させるために必要な最低限の水量を給水して、石灰により分解された前記使用済み紙オムツから出た、前記使用済み紙オムツに吸収されていた水分を用いて、最低限の水量の給水後に次亜塩素を前記処理槽内に投入して所定時間にわたり撹拌し、前記処理槽内の液体を前記処理槽の外へ排出させる、ことを特徴とする。 In the processing method of the used paper diaper according to the invention of claim 2, the used paper diaper is a method for disinfecting and processing used paper diapers, wherein lime and used paper diapers are put into a processing tank, and water the minimum water volume necessary for stirring the used paper diaper in a processing vessel, exiting from the used paper diaper which is decomposed by the lime, has been absorbed in the used paper diaper with water, after the minimum water amount water was charged hypochlorous into the processing bath and stirred for a predetermined time, Ru was drained liquid in the processing bath to the outside of the processing bath, it It is characterized by.
請求項１の発明の使用済み紙オムツの処理方法によれば、処理槽内に使用済み紙オムツを投入し、これと共に石灰、次亜塩素を投入する。そして、これらの使用済み紙オムツ及び石灰、次亜塩素を撹拌し得る程度の、最低限の水を処理槽内に給水する。この状態で撹拌を開始すると、石灰によって使用済み紙オムツの特に高分子ポリマーが分解されて、吸収している水分が処理槽内に混ざり、処理槽内に最低限の量だけ供給した水と共に、使用済み紙オムツを撹拌する。このとき、次亜塩素によって分解された使用済み紙オムツから放出される細菌等が消毒される。このような状態で所定時間撹拌した後に、処理槽内の液体を処理槽の外へ排出させると共に、分解した使用済み紙オムツの固形物を脱水し、排出された廃水及び脱水したときの廃水を回収し、水質処理を施して破棄する。 According to the processing method of the used paper diaper of the invention of claim 1, the used paper diaper is put into the processing tank, and lime and hypochlorous acid are put together therewith. And the minimum water of the grade which can stir these used paper diaper, lime, and hypochlorous acid is supplied in a processing tank. When stirring is started in this state, the high molecular polymer of the used paper diaper is decomposed by lime, and the absorbed moisture is mixed in the treatment tank, along with water supplied in a minimum amount in the treatment tank, Stir the used paper diaper. At this time, bacteria and the like released from the used paper diaper decomposed by hypochlorous acid are sterilized. After stirring for a predetermined time in such a state, the liquid in the treatment tank is discharged out of the treatment tank, and the solid matter of the used paper diaper that has been decomposed is dehydrated. Collect, dispose of with water treatment.
なお、処理槽内へ石灰、次亜塩素を投入する場合、石灰は使用済み紙オムツを処理槽内へ投入する前に処理槽内に入れても良く、使用済み紙オムツを処理槽内に投入した後に処理槽内に入れても良い。さらに、次亜塩素は、石灰、使用済み紙オムツを処理槽内に投入する際に同時に入れても良く、処理槽内の石灰、使用済み紙オムツを撹拌し得る程度の水を供給した後に処理槽内に加えても良い。 In addition, when lime and hypochlorous acid are put into the treatment tank, the lime may be put into the treatment tank before throwing the used paper diaper into the treatment tank, and the used paper diaper is put into the treatment tank. You may put in a processing tank after doing. Furthermore, hypochlorite may be added at the same time when lime and used paper diapers are put into the treatment tank, and is treated after supplying water that can stir the lime and used paper diapers in the treatment tank. It may be added to the tank.
このように、本発明の使用済み紙オムツの処理方法によれば、石灰、次亜塩素と共に、処理槽内に投入した使用済み紙オムツが吸収している水分を用いて、撹拌するので、必要最低限の水を処理槽内に供給するだけでよく、無駄に水を使用することがなく、また処理後には、廃水も少なく、廃水も少ないので水質処理を行う施設も大がかりなものになることがない。 Thus, according to the processing method of the used paper diaper of the present invention, it is necessary to stir using the moisture absorbed by the used paper diaper put into the processing tank together with lime and hypochlorous acid. It is only necessary to supply the minimum amount of water into the treatment tank, and no wasteful water is used. Also, after treatment, there is little waste water and there is little waste water, so the facility for water quality treatment will be large. There is no.
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
本実施形態の使用済み紙オムツの処理方法は、図１（ａ）に示すように、石灰１と、次亜塩素２を入れた処理槽３内に使用済み紙オムツ４を投入し、図１（ｂ）、（ｃ）に示すように、処理槽３内に撹拌可能な最低限の水５を給水しながら所定の時間にわたり撹拌し、図１（ｄ）に示すように処理槽３内の液体６を処理槽３の外へ排出させると共に脱水し、排出された廃水７を回収し水質処理を施して破棄する。 As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the processing method of used paper diapers according to this embodiment is to put used paper diapers 4 into a processing tank 3 containing lime 1 and hypochlorous acid 2. As shown in (b) and (c), the water is stirred for a predetermined time while supplying a minimum amount of water 5 that can be stirred into the treatment tank 3, and the treatment tank 3 is filled with water as shown in FIG. 1 (d). The liquid 6 is discharged out of the treatment tank 3 and dehydrated, and the discharged waste water 7 is collected, subjected to water quality treatment and discarded.
撹拌可能な最低限の水５は、処理槽３内で使用済み紙オムツ４を撹拌、すなわち液体中で使用済み紙オムツ４が動き回ることが可能な量であり、撹拌させるための最低限の量に設定する。この場合、給水しながら撹拌している間に、使用済み紙オムツ４の高分子ポリマーが石灰１によって分解し、内部の水分が処理槽３内に出てくるので、処理槽３内の水分量が次第に増えるので、処理槽３内で撹拌可能な、すなわち使用済み紙オムツ４を分解し、殺菌可能な程度の水分量になったときに給水を停止する。なお、使用済み紙オムツ４からの水分中には、細菌等が含有されているが、次亜塩素２によって消毒されるので、撹拌によって細菌が処理槽３に撒き散らされても、処理後に廃水を水質処理することで充分に殺菌することができる。 The minimum water 5 that can be stirred is the amount by which the used paper diaper 4 can be stirred in the treatment tank 3, that is, the used paper diaper 4 can move around in the liquid. Set to. In this case, while stirring while supplying water, the polymer polymer of the used paper diaper 4 is decomposed by the lime 1 and the internal moisture comes out into the treatment tank 3. Therefore, the water supply is stopped when the amount of water that can be agitated in the treatment tank 3, that is, the used paper diaper 4 is decomposed and sterilized. In addition, although the bacteria etc. are contained in the water | moisture content from used paper diaper 4, since it disinfects with hypochlorous acid 2, even if bacteria are sprinkled in the processing tank 3 by stirring, waste water will be processed after processing. The water can be sufficiently sterilized by treating it with water.
従って、従来のように、消毒剤を含有した水流で使用済み紙オムツ４を処理する方法に比較して、無駄に水を使用することがなく、必要最低限の水によって使用済み紙オムツを殺菌、処理することができる。 Therefore, compared with the conventional method of treating the used paper diaper 4 with a water stream containing a disinfectant, the used paper diaper is sterilized with a minimum amount of water without wastefully using water. Can be processed.
なお、処理槽３内に石灰１、次亜塩素２、使用済み紙オムツ４を投入する順序は、処理槽３内に使用済み紙オムツ４を投入する前に石灰１を処理槽３内に投入しても良く、処理槽３内に使用済み紙オムツ４を投入した後に石灰１を処理槽３内に投入しても良い。さらに、次亜塩素２を処理槽３内に投入する順番についても、使用済み紙オムツ４を処理槽３内に投入する前後でも良く、処理槽３内への給水後に処理槽３内に加えても良い。 The order in which the lime 1, hypochlorite 2 and the used paper diaper 4 are charged into the treatment tank 3 is the same as that in which the lime 1 is charged into the treatment tank 3 before the used paper diaper 4 is charged into the treatment tank 3. Alternatively, the lime 1 may be put into the processing tank 3 after the used paper diaper 4 is put into the processing tank 3. Furthermore, the order in which hypochlorous acid 2 is introduced into the treatment tank 3 may be before or after the used paper diaper 4 is introduced into the treatment tank 3, and is added to the treatment tank 3 after water is supplied into the treatment tank 3. Also good.
また、従来の処理方法では、使用済み紙オムツ２０ｔを処理する場合、１０００立方メートルの水（水道水、工業用水等）を必要としていたが、本発明の処理方法では、２０ｔの使用済み紙オムツ４を処理する場合、５３〜１０６立方メートルの水（給水による）で処理することができる。 Moreover, in the conventional processing method, when processing the used paper diaper 20t, 1000 cubic meters of water (tap water, industrial water, etc.) was required. However, in the processing method of the present invention, 20 t of used paper diaper 4 Can be treated with 53-106 cubic meters of water (due to water supply).
なお、使用済み紙オムツ４に含まれる平均の水分量について、未使用の紙オムツの重さは約６０グラムであり、一回の紙オムツの交換で尿を吸収した使用済み紙オムツ４の重さは２１０グラム〜３１０グラムになり、紙オムツの重さを除くと１５０グラム〜２５０グラムの水分が含有されている。本実施形態では、この高分子ポリマーに吸収されている水分を利用することで、使用済み紙オムツ４の分解と消毒を行っている。 In addition, about the average moisture content contained in the used paper diaper 4, the weight of the unused paper diaper is about 60 grams, and the weight of the used paper diaper 4 that has absorbed urine by replacing the paper diaper once. The thickness is 210 grams to 310 grams, and excluding the weight of the paper diaper, it contains 150 grams to 250 grams of water. In the present embodiment, the used paper diaper 4 is decomposed and disinfected by using the moisture absorbed in the polymer.
なお、上記の説明では、給水しながら撹拌する工程を１回とした場合について説明したが、この工程は複数回行ってもよく、すすぎ工程を含め２回程度行っても良い。 In the above description, the step of stirring while supplying water has been described as one time. However, this step may be performed a plurality of times, or may be performed twice including the rinsing step.
次ぎに、本実施形態における薬剤の投入量、消毒時間、水の使用量について説明する。 Next, the amount of medicine input, the disinfection time, and the amount of water used in this embodiment will be described.
１．薬剤の投入量について
（ａ）石灰（分解剤）
使用済み紙オムツ４の処理槽３内への投入量の３〜１０％
実験段階では、例えば投入量１２０kgに対して６ｋｇ
（ｂ）次亜塩素（消毒剤）
次亜塩素濃度は、取り扱う紙オムツの種類により変わる。
感染性廃棄物（特別管理廃棄物）の場合：１０００ｐｐｍ若しくは１５００ｐｐｍ
一般廃棄物及び産業廃棄物の場合：２５０ｐｐｍ
消毒効果については、一般廃棄物及び産業廃棄物の場合は、温水による消毒も可能（８０℃で１０分）
1. About the amount of drug input (a) Lime (decomposing agent)
3-10% of the input amount of the used paper diaper 4 into the treatment tank 3
In the experimental stage, for example, 6 kg for 120 kg input
(B) Hypochlorous acid (disinfectant)
Hypochlorite concentration varies depending on the type of paper diaper handled.
Infectious waste (special management waste): 1000 ppm or 1500 ppm
For general and industrial waste: 250 ppm
As for the disinfection effect, in the case of general waste and industrial waste, disinfection with warm water is also possible (10 minutes at 80 ° C)
２．消毒時間について
（ａ）消毒時間
洗濯時間（撹拌時間）は、取り扱う紙オムツの種類により変わる。
感染性廃棄物の場合：６０分
一般廃棄物及び産業廃棄物の場合：１０分
2. Disinfection time (a) Disinfection time The washing time (stirring time) varies depending on the type of paper diaper handled.
Infectious waste: 60 minutes General waste and industrial waste: 10 minutes
３．水の使用量について
（ａ）水使用量
消毒工程１回に付き３２０リットル（処理槽３内への使用済み紙オムツ４の投入１２０kgに対して）
3. About the amount of water used (a) The amount of water used 320 liters per disinfection process (for 120 kg of used disposable diaper 4 in the treatment tank 3)
以上説明した本実施形態における使用済み紙オムツ４の処理方法によれば、使用する水の量が少ないので、例えば、給水費用、消毒費用、排水費用（下水道費用）の負担が軽減され、給水温度を上げるときに無駄なエネルギーを使う必要がなくなり、ひいてはコストの大幅な削減が可能となる。 According to the processing method of the used disposable diaper 4 in the present embodiment described above, since the amount of water to be used is small, for example, the burden of water supply costs, disinfection costs, drainage costs (sewerage costs) is reduced, and the water supply temperature It is no longer necessary to use wasted energy when raising the cost, and as a result, the cost can be significantly reduced.
なお、上記消毒費用は、使用する水の量が少ないので、給水費用、排水費用と共に、消毒剤を使う量も少量になることにより消毒剤にかかる費用も低減することが可能となる。 In addition, since the amount of water used for the disinfection cost is small, it is possible to reduce the cost for the disinfectant by reducing the amount of the disinfectant used together with the water supply cost and the drainage cost.
また、本実施形態の処理方法を、病院、施設等に導入した場合、風呂の残り湯や、一次排水（飲み水、洗面には使用できないが、トイレ等には使用可能な水）を使用することも可能になり、この場合には大幅なコストの低減を行うことが可能となる。 In addition, when the treatment method of the present embodiment is introduced into a hospital, facility, etc., use remaining hot water in the bath or primary drainage (water that cannot be used for drinking water and toilets, but can be used for toilets, etc.). In this case, the cost can be greatly reduced.
また、通常、リサイクルを行う場合、リサイクルを行う物自体に着眼点が行われる場合が多い。例えば、紙オムツのリサイクル事業は、紙オムツのリサイクルのために、水を１０００トン使用し、更にそこからの排水１０００トンのうち８００トンの水をリサイクルするシステムになっている。このことは、そもそも、リサイクル自体にリサイクル後に環境負荷をかけている状況となっている。上記した本発明では、使用する水の量が少ないということは、資源循環型社会の構築の上で、一番のポイントとなる環境負荷の発生を抑制することであり、それに伴い、リサイクル後の環境負荷の低減を図ることができる。 In addition, usually, when recycling is performed, attention is often focused on an object to be recycled. For example, the paper diaper recycling business is a system that uses 1000 tons of water to recycle paper diapers, and further recycles 800 tons of water out of 1000 tons. In the first place, this is a situation where the environmental burden is put on the recycling itself after the recycling. In the present invention described above, the fact that the amount of water to be used is small is to suppress the generation of environmental load, which is the most important point in the construction of a resource recycling society. Environmental load can be reduced.
また、排水費用については、使用する水の量が少ない場合、下水道費用（公共下水道費用）が削減されると共に、水質処理施設（水処理施設）の規模も小さくて済み、さらに、水質処理施設の規模が小さくなるために、施設に係る土地の面積も少なくなり、費用の削減になる。 Regarding drainage costs, if the amount of water used is small, the sewerage costs (public sewerage costs) will be reduced, and the scale of the water treatment facility (water treatment facility) will be small. Since the scale is smaller, the land area related to the facility is reduced, resulting in cost reduction.
なお、上記実施形態において石灰は、生石灰、消石灰のいずれも含む物であって、使用済み紙オムツにおける高分子ポリマーを分解し得る石灰であれば良い。 In addition, in the said embodiment, lime is a thing containing both quick lime and slaked lime, Comprising: What is necessary is just the lime which can decompose | disassemble the high molecular polymer in used paper diaper.
また、消毒剤としての次亜塩素は、処理する使用済み紙オムツの種類によって選択される。 Hypochlorous acid as a disinfectant is selected depending on the type of used paper diaper to be treated.
また、本発明における「消毒し処理する方法」は、水の使用量は必要最低限であり、本方法を行うことにより消毒を行うための設備、施設自体を通常のものよりも小さくすることが出来、設備、施設の規模を小さくできるので設備費用の低減を図ることができる。 In addition, the “method for disinfecting and treating” in the present invention requires a minimum amount of water, and by performing this method, the equipment for disinfection and the facility itself can be made smaller than usual. The equipment cost can be reduced because the equipment and facilities can be reduced in size.
１ 石灰
２ 次亜塩素
３ 処理槽
４ 使用済み紙オムツ
５ 水
６ 液体
７ 廃水
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lime Secondary hypochlorine 3 Treatment tank 4 Used paper diaper 5 Water 6 Liquid 7 Waste water
Claims (2)
石灰と次亜塩素と使用済み紙オムツを処理槽内に投入し、
前記処理槽内で前記使用済み紙オムツを撹拌させるために必要な最低限の水量を給水して、石灰により分解された前記使用済み紙オムツから出た、前記使用済み紙オムツに吸収されていた水分を用いて、所定の時間にわたり撹拌し、
前記処理槽内の液体を前記処理槽の外へ排出させる、
ことを特徴とする使用済み紙オムツの処理方法。 A method for disposing of used paper diapers that disinfects and processes used paper diapers,
It was charged with lime and hypochlorous the used paper diaper in the processing bath,
And water the minimum water volume necessary for stirring the used paper diaper in the processing bath, exiting the used paper diaper which is decomposed by the lime, has been absorbed in the used paper diaper Stirring for a predetermined time with
The liquid in the treatment tank Ru is discharged to the outside of the processing tank,
A method for processing used paper diapers, which is characterized by the above.
石灰と使用済み紙オムツを処理槽内に投入し、
前記処理槽内で前記使用済み紙オムツを撹拌させるために必要な最低限の水量を給水して、石灰により分解された前記使用済み紙オムツから出た、前記使用済み紙オムツに吸収されていた水分を用いて、最低限の水量の給水後に次亜塩素を前記処理槽内に投入して所定時間にわたり撹拌し、
前記処理槽内の液体を前記処理槽の外へ排出させる、
ことを特徴とする使用済み紙オムツの処理方法。
A method for disposing of used paper diapers that disinfects and processes used paper diapers,
Put lime and used paper diaper into the processing tank,
And water the minimum water volume necessary for stirring the used paper diaper in the processing bath, exiting the used paper diaper which is decomposed by the lime, has been absorbed in the used paper diaper moisture using, after the minimum water amount water was charged hypochlorous into the processing bath and stirred for a predetermined time,
The liquid in the treatment tank Ru is discharged to the outside of the processing tank,
A method for processing used paper diapers, which is characterized by the above.
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| JPH09249711A (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 1997-09-22 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Method for decomposing water-absorbent polymer |
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