JP5717508B2 - Fire detector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire detector that detects the occurrence of a fire by detecting a flame by detecting radiation energy obtained by observing a flame.

In tunnels for vehicles, railways, etc., fire detectors for detecting a fire that has occurred in the tunnel are arranged on a wall surface in the tunnel at a predetermined interval, for example, an interval of 25 m.
The general structure of such a fire detector is outlined.
The fire detector includes a main body case, an upper cover attached to the main body case, and a dome-shaped light-transmitting light-receiving glass assembled so as to protrude toward the inside of the tunnel at a substantially central portion of the upper cover; Equipped with a light receiving element (detection sensor) that detects the radiation emitted from the flame, housed inside the light receiving glass, an amplification circuit that amplifies the signal detected by the light receiving element, and a signal processing circuit that makes a fire determination A circuit board, a dome-shaped glove that is arranged around the light-receiving glass and stores a check lamp (test light source) that emits test light for detecting the dirt state of the light-receiving glass, and the like. It is configured.

The dome-shaped light receiving glass provided in the fire detector has a structure that must be largely projected into the tunnel because one fire detector has a wide monitoring area.
Because various substances that cause dirt (hereinafter referred to as “soil-causing substances”) such as smoke, dust, earth and sand, chemical substances such as antifreezing agents, etc. discharged from vehicles are floating in the tunnel. For example, these substances fly on the air current and directly collide with the upstream side of the air current of the dome-shaped light receiving glass and adhere as dirt. Since dirt on the light-receiving glass reduces the amount of light received by the light-receiving elements housed inside and lowers the detection sensitivity, frequent cleaning work must be performed to maintain the performance of the fire detector. I must.

  As a fire detector with a function to know the timing of cleaning work, a check lamp that emits test light to detect the dirt state of the light receiving glass is arranged around the dome shaped light receiving glass and periodically There is one having a function of diagnosing and notifying the timing of the cleaning work by detecting a dirt state (stain degree) of the light receiving glass (see the background art of Patent Document 1).

JP 2006-146947 A

  A fire detector requires a test to detect the degree of contamination of the light-receiving glass (stain test). However, if a fire occurs during the stain test, there is a problem that the fire cannot be detected. . This becomes a problem particularly when the test interval of the fouling test is short.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a fire detector that does not cause a delay in detecting a fire even if it has a function of performing a stain test.

(1) A fire detector according to the present invention includes a light-transmitting light-receiving glass , a fire detection unit that is housed in the light-receiving glass and detects radiation emitted from a flame , and detection of the fire detection unit A test for detecting a degree of contamination of the light-receiving glass and a fire determination unit that determines that a fire has occurred when a value is input and the detection value or the rate of change of the detection value exceeds a preset fire determination threshold value in the fire detector and a test section at a predetermined interval that defines performed using the test light, a fire indication confirmation section for confirming the presence or absence of fire sign before previous Ki試 test of the test unit, the The fire sign confirmation unit is configured to determine whether there is a fire sign based on a detection signal from the fire detection unit, and to test the test unit when the fire sign determination unit determines that there is no fire sign. Start and test if there is a sign of fire It is characterized in that a test control unit for controlling the test unit so as not to perform tests with.

(2) Further, in the above-described (1), the fire sign determination unit may detect a fire sign when a change rate of the detected value of the radiant light emitted from the flame exceeds a predetermined value. It is characterized by determining that there is.

(3) Moreover, in the above-described (1), the fire sign determination unit may determine whether the detected value of the radiation emitted from the flame or the rate of change of the detected value is a predetermined value. When it exceeds, it is judged that there is a sign of fire.

(4) Moreover, in the thing in any one of said (1) thru | or (3), the said fire sign determination part is set so that the threshold value which performs a fire sign determination is set lower than the threshold value of the said fire determination. It is a feature.

(5) A fire detector according to the present invention includes a light-transmitting light-receiving glass , a fire detection unit that is housed in the light-receiving glass and detects radiation emitted from a flame , and the fire detection unit. A test for detecting the degree of contamination of the light-receiving glass , and a fire determination unit that determines that a fire is detected when the detection value or the rate of change of the detection value exceeds a preset fire determination threshold in the fire detector and a test unit for performing with the test light at a predetermined certain intervals, it has a fire symptom confirmation section for confirming the presence or absence of fire sign before previous Ki試 test of the test unit The fire sign confirmation unit includes a fire sign detection unit that detects a physical quantity different from the radiation emitted from the flame , and a fire sign that determines the presence or absence of a fire sign based on a detection signal of the fire sign detection unit The judgment unit and the fire sign judgment unit have no fire sign. A test control unit that starts the test of the test unit when it is determined, and controls the test unit not to perform the test by the test unit when it is determined that there is a sign of fire. To do.

  In the present invention, in a fire detector including a test unit that performs a functional test on whether the fire detection unit and the fire determination unit are normal at predetermined intervals, a fire sign is provided before the functional test of the test unit. A fire predictor confirming unit for confirming the presence / absence of a fire predictor, wherein the fire predictor confirming unit is configured to determine whether there is a fire predictor based on a detection signal of the fire detector; and A test control unit that starts the test of the test unit when it is determined that there is no sign of a fire, and controls the test unit so that the test by the test unit is not performed when it is determined that there is a sign of fire As a result, a fire sign is determined before the test is performed, and the test is not performed when there is a fire sign.

It is explanatory drawing of the fire detector which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining operation | movement of the fire detector which concerns on one embodiment of this invention.

The fire detector 1 according to the present embodiment inputs a detection value of a fire detection unit 3 that detects a physical quantity based on a fire phenomenon, and a detection value of the fire detection unit 3, and the detection value exceeds a preset fire determination threshold value. The fire detector 1 includes a fire determination unit 5 that determines fire, and a test unit 7 that performs a functional test to determine whether the fire detection unit 3 and the fire determination unit 5 are normal at predetermined intervals. 7 is provided with a fire sign confirmation unit 9 for confirming the presence / absence of a fire sign before the function test.
Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail.

<Fire detection unit>
The fire detection unit 3 detects a phenomenon caused by a fire as fire monitoring data. As a specific example of the fire detection unit 3, there is one that detects a fire by detecting the wavelength and fluctuation of an infrared ray in which a flame is generated.

<Fire judgment part>
The fire determination unit 5 inputs the detection value of the fire detection unit 3 and determines that a fire has occurred when the detection value or the rate of change thereof exceeds a preset fire determination threshold.
If the fire determination part 5 determines with a fire, a fire signal will be transmitted to the disaster prevention receiving board 10. FIG. The disaster prevention receiving board 10 that has received the fire signal notifies the occurrence of a fire by, for example, sounding a buzzer.

<Test section>
The test unit 7 performs a functional test to determine whether the fire detection unit 3 and the fire determination unit 5 are normal at predetermined intervals (cycles). Specifically, the test light source 8 is caused to emit light at a predetermined cycle determined by a timer, and the fire detection unit 3 inputs the light emission to test whether the fire determination unit 5 can determine a fire.
A part of the test unit 7 may be provided in the disaster prevention receiving board 10 and a function test may be performed according to a command from the disaster prevention receiving board 10.
The test cycle is performed, for example, within 100 seconds, specifically, for example, every 30 seconds.
When the fire determination unit 5 determines that the fire is a test fire by the test, a signal indicating that the fire detector is normal is transmitted to the disaster prevention receiving board 10, and a buzzer is sounded by the disaster prevention receiving board 10 that has received the test fire signal, for example. Tell the fire. Moreover, you may display that it is normal on a board surface.
If the test fire signal is not received, the fire detector may be faulty or fouled, and a fire detector error will be displayed.
The time required for executing the test is, for example, about 15 seconds per unit.

<Fire Sign Confirmation Department>
The fire sign confirmation unit 9 confirms the presence or absence of a fire sign before the functional test of the test unit 7. In order to execute this function, the fire predictor confirming unit 9 determines whether there is a fire predictor based on the detection signal of the fire detector 3 and the fire predictor determiner 11 determines that there is no fire predictor. And a test control unit 13 for controlling the test unit 7 so that the test by the test unit 7 is not performed when there is a sign.

The determination by the fire predictor determination unit 11 is performed based on the detection signal of the fire detection unit 3 in the same manner as the fire determination unit 5. In the fire sign determination unit 11, the threshold value for determining that there is a fire sign is set lower than the threshold value for determining that there is a fire. For example, it is assumed that the determination level such as the voltage level and the number of times of redundancy is reduced to about 50% of the normal fire determination condition.
In addition, you may make it determine the presence or absence of a fire precursor based on the change rate of the detection signal of the fire detection part 3 by the determination by the fire predictor determination part 11. FIG. In this case, when the fire determination of the fire determination unit 5 is performed at the rate of change of the detection value of the fire detection unit 3, the threshold value for determining that there is a fire sign by the fire sign determination unit 11 is greater than the threshold value for determining a fire. Set low.

The sign determination in the fire sign determination unit 11 may be performed based on the rate of change of fire monitoring data at a certain point in time immediately before or before and the latest fire monitoring data.
In this case, when the rate of change is greater than the threshold, it is determined that there is a sign, and when the rate of change is lower than the threshold, it is determined that there is no sign.

  In addition, the above two sign determinations, that is, the sign determination performed by a physical quantity of the same type as the physical quantity determined to be a fire, and the sign determination performed by a physical quantity different from that (for example, temperature) are combined, It may be determined that there is a sign when the detected value exceeds the threshold.

The operation of the fire detector 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.
The fire determination unit 5 collects fire monitoring data based on the detection data of the fire detection unit 3 (S1). The presence or absence of a fire is determined based on the detection data of the fire detection unit 3 collected by the fire determination unit 5 (S3). If it is determined that there is a fire at this time, the fire determination unit 5 transmits a fire signal to the disaster prevention receiving board 10 (S5).
When it is determined that there is no fire in the determination of S3, the test unit 7 determines whether or not it is a test execution timing (S7). If it is not the test execution timing, the fire determination unit 5 monitors the fire again (S1).

On the other hand, if it is determined in S7 that the test execution timing is reached, the fire predictor confirmation unit 9 performs a fire predictor determination. As a result of the fire sign determination, if it is determined that there is no fire sign, the test control unit 13 instructs the test unit 7 to execute a function test. The test part 7 will perform a test, if the test execution instruction is received from the test control part 13, and will transmit the result to the disaster prevention receiving board 10 (S11). The time C required for the test is, for example, about 15 seconds.
As a result of the sign determination in S9, when it is determined that there is a fire sign, the test control unit 13 instructs the test unit 7 not to perform the function test. And if a test is not performed, the fire determination part 5 will monitor normal fire (S1).

  As described above, in the present embodiment, a fire sign is determined before the test is performed, and when there is a fire sign, the normal fire monitoring is given priority without performing the test. Implementation will not cause a delay in fire detection.

In the above embodiment, since the determination by the fire sign determination unit 11 is performed based on the detection signal of the fire detection unit 3 in the same manner as the fire determination unit 5, the fire sign determination unit 11 determines the fire sign. The physical quantity based on the fire phenomenon is the same kind as the physical quantity that the fire detection unit 3 performs the fire determination.
However, in order to perform a fire sign in the fire sign determination unit 11, a fire sign detection unit for detecting a physical quantity (for example, temperature) based on a fire phenomenon different from the fire detection unit 3 is provided. However, the fire sign determination may be performed based on the detection signal of the fire sign detection unit.
For example, when it is assumed that the flammable material is smoldered before the flame comes out, such as wood, when the fire detection unit 3 detects the wavelength of infrared rays emitted by the flame, It is effective to be able to measure a physical quantity different from the fire detection unit 3 as the sign detection unit, for example, the surface temperature of the object at high speed.

  When referring to the time of each operation in the operation described in the above flow chart, the fire monitoring period (A) when the test is not performed is 5 seconds, the test period (B) is 30 seconds, and the test execution is required. Time (C) is 15 seconds.

  In addition, when it is determined that there is a fire sign by the fire sign determination unit 11 and is not determined by the fire determination unit 11 and is again determined by the fire sign determination unit 11 as a fire sign, An alarm may be transmitted from the sign determination unit 11 to the disaster prevention reception board 10.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fire detector 3 Fire detection part 5 Fire judgment part 7 Test part 8 Test light source 9 Fire sign confirmation part 10 Disaster prevention receiving board 11 Fire sign judgment part 13 Test control part

Claims (5)

A light-transmitting light-receiving glass, a fire detection unit that is housed in the light-receiving glass and detects radiant light emitted from a flame , and a detection value of the fire detection unit is input to the detection value or the detection value A test that uses a test light at predetermined intervals to determine a degree of contamination of the light-receiving glass , and a fire determination unit that determines that a fire is detected when the rate of change of a value exceeds a preset fire determination threshold in the fire detector and a part, it has a fire symptom confirmation section for confirming the presence or absence of fire sign before previous Ki試 test of the test unit, the fire indication confirmation unit, the fire detection unit of the detection A fire sign determination unit that determines the presence or absence of a fire sign based on a signal, and when the fire sign determination unit determines that there is no fire sign, the test of the test unit is started and it is determined that there is a fire sign To avoid testing by the test unit Fire detector characterized by comprising a test control unit for controlling the test unit. 2. The fire according to claim 1, wherein the fire sign determination unit determines that there is a fire sign when a change rate of the detected value of the radiation emitted from the flame exceeds a predetermined value. 3. Detector. The fire sign determination unit determines that there is a fire sign when either the detected value of the radiation emitted from the flame or the rate of change of the detected value exceeds a predetermined value. The fire detector according to claim 1.   The fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fire sign determination unit is configured such that a threshold for performing a fire sign determination is set lower than a threshold for the fire determination. A light-transmitting light-receiving glass, a fire detection unit that is housed in the light-receiving glass and detects radiant light emitted from a flame , and a detection value of the fire detection unit is input to the detection value or the detection value A test that uses a test light at predetermined intervals to determine a degree of contamination of the light-receiving glass , and a fire determination unit that determines that a fire is detected when the rate of change of a value exceeds a preset fire determination threshold in the fire detector and a part, has a fire symptom confirmation section for confirming the presence or absence of fire sign before previous Ki試 test of the test unit, the fire indication confirmation unit is radiated from the flame A fire sign detection unit that detects a physical quantity different from radiation light , a fire sign determination unit that determines the presence or absence of a fire sign based on a detection signal of the fire sign detection unit, and the fire sign determination unit has no fire sign Start the test of the test section Fire detector characterized by comprising a test control unit for controlling the test unit so as not to perform the test by the testing unit when determining that there is a sign of fire.

Images