JP5710941B2 - Collection method of aluminum base substrate - Google Patents

Collection method of aluminum base substrate Download PDF

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JP5710941B2
JP5710941B2 JP2010253614A JP2010253614A JP5710941B2 JP 5710941 B2 JP5710941 B2 JP 5710941B2 JP 2010253614 A JP2010253614 A JP 2010253614A JP 2010253614 A JP2010253614 A JP 2010253614A JP 5710941 B2 JP5710941 B2 JP 5710941B2
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base substrate
aluminum base
insulating layer
aluminum
resin
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JP2012102383A (en
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白井 良一
良一 白井
邦好 堀
邦好 堀
秀人 保坂
秀人 保坂
拝生 憲治
憲治 拝生
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Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Description

本発明は、アルミベース基板を備えたプリント配線板からアルミベース基板部分を回収する方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for recovering an aluminum base substrate portion from a printed wiring board provided with the aluminum base substrate.

アルミベース基板上に絶縁層を介して、銅箔回路などの電子回路を形成したプリント配線板が開発されている。これは、電気自動車等の電子制御用などに使用され、ベース基板にアルミを使用しているため放熱性・耐熱性に優れているものである。
このようなアルミベース基板を備えたプリント配線板としては、下記特許文献1〜3に開示されたものがある。
A printed wiring board in which an electronic circuit such as a copper foil circuit is formed on an aluminum base substrate through an insulating layer has been developed. This is used for electronic control of an electric vehicle or the like, and is excellent in heat dissipation and heat resistance because aluminum is used for the base substrate.
As a printed wiring board provided with such an aluminum base substrate, there are those disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 below.

特開平6−77631号公報JP-A-6-76631 特開2000−340610号公報JP 2000-340610 A 特開2007−27618号公報JP 2007-27618 A

アルミベース基板上に設けた電子回路には、金(Au)、銀(Ag)、銅(Cu)などが含まれる。アルミをリサイクルするためには、アルミ中にAu、Ag、Cuなどが含まれないのが好ましく、これらを分別して回収できることが望ましい。
しかし、これまでは通常、アルミに対して価値の高いAu、Ag、Cuなどの有価金属を回収することを目的に、プリント配線板を銅製錬内の炉で溶融してAu、Ag、Cuを回収していた。ここではアルミは製錬スラグへ混入するのみで、付加価値の高いメタルのアルミとしては回収されていなかった。
また、アルミ基板のみを溶融して回収しようとした場合には、Au、Ag、Cuなどによりリサイクルしたアルミの品質が劣ってしまい、さらに、高価なAu、Ag、Cuのロスが発生するという問題があった。
The electronic circuit provided on the aluminum base substrate includes gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), and the like. In order to recycle aluminum, it is preferable that Au, Ag, Cu, etc. are not contained in aluminum, and it is desirable that these can be separated and recovered.
However, until now, for the purpose of recovering valuable metals such as Au, Ag, and Cu, which have a high value relative to aluminum, the printed wiring board is usually melted in a furnace in a copper smelting process to obtain Au, Ag, and Cu. It was recovered. Here, the aluminum was only mixed into the smelting slag and was not recovered as high-value-added metal aluminum.
Further, when only the aluminum substrate is melted and recovered, the quality of the aluminum recycled by Au, Ag, Cu, etc. is inferior, and furthermore, loss of expensive Au, Ag, Cu occurs. was there.

そこで、本発明の目的は、アルミベース基板を備えたプリント配線板からアルミベース基板部分を分別して回収する方法を提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating and collecting an aluminum base substrate portion from a printed wiring board provided with the aluminum base substrate.

本発明のアルミベース基板の回収方法は、アルミベース基板上に樹脂からなる絶縁層を介して電子回路を形成したプリント配線板を、絶縁層の樹脂の熱分解開始温度以上アルミの溶融温度未満で、酸化雰囲気下において加熱することを特徴とする。 The method for recovering an aluminum base substrate according to the present invention is such that a printed wiring board in which an electronic circuit is formed on an aluminum base substrate through an insulating layer made of a resin is not less than the thermal decomposition start temperature of the resin of the insulating layer and lower than the melting temperature of the aluminum. Heating is performed in an oxidizing atmosphere .

このようにプリント配線板を加熱することにより、配線板の樹脂部分が燃焼することなく加熱されて収縮した箔のような形状となり、容易にアルミベース基板と絶縁層とが剥離しやすくなり、アルミベース基板を分別して回収することができる。   By heating the printed wiring board in this way, the resin portion of the wiring board is heated and contracted without burning, and the aluminum base substrate and the insulating layer easily peel off. The base substrate can be separated and collected.

本発明で用いることができるプリント配線板の一例を模式的に示した概略断面図である。It is the schematic sectional drawing which showed typically an example of the printed wiring board which can be used by this invention. 絶縁層に用いる各種樹脂の熱分解挙動をTGで測定したグラフである。It is the graph which measured the thermal decomposition behavior of various resin used for an insulating layer by TG.

以下、本発明のアルミベース基板の回収方法の一実施形態を説明する。なお、本発明の範囲は、この実施形態に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the aluminum base substrate recovery method of the present invention will be described. The scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

本発明の一実施形態のアルミベース基板の回収方法は、アルミベース基板上に樹脂からなる絶縁層を介して電子回路を形成したプリント配線板を、絶縁層の樹脂の熱分解開始温度以上アルミの溶融温度未満で加熱することを特徴とする。   According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for recovering an aluminum base substrate includes: a printed wiring board in which an electronic circuit is formed on an aluminum base substrate through an insulating layer made of a resin; It is characterized by heating below the melting temperature.

本発明で用いることができる一例のプリント配線板1は、図1に示すように、アルミベース基板2の上に絶縁層3を積層し、その上に電子回路4を形成してある。   As shown in FIG. 1, an example printed wiring board 1 that can be used in the present invention has an insulating layer 3 laminated on an aluminum base substrate 2 and an electronic circuit 4 formed thereon.

アルミベース基板2は、アルミ板からなり、厚さは好ましくは0.2mm以上、より好ましくは1.0mm〜10.0mmである。   The aluminum base substrate 2 is made of an aluminum plate and has a thickness of preferably 0.2 mm or more, more preferably 1.0 mm to 10.0 mm.

絶縁層3は、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ガラスエポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂などの樹脂板からなり、厚さは、好ましくは0.1mm〜2.0mm、特に好ましくは0.1mm〜1.0mmである。絶縁層3中には、放熱フィラーなどを含ませることもできる。
絶縁層3は、アルミベース基板2上に接着剤又は接着シートなどを塗布又は貼付などして固着されている。
The insulating layer 3 is made of a resin plate such as epoxy resin, phenol resin, glass epoxy resin, or polyimide resin, and the thickness is preferably 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm. . The insulating layer 3 can contain a heat radiation filler or the like.
The insulating layer 3 is fixed on the aluminum base substrate 2 by applying or sticking an adhesive or an adhesive sheet.

電子回路4は、銅箔、銅板などからなり、厚さは、好ましくは5μm〜1mm、特に好ましくは10μm〜100μmである。電子回路4には、コンデンサ、チップなどの電子部品が実装されていてもよく、ソルダーレジストを施していてもよい。また、銅箔や銅板の表面は腐食防止のためAuメッキが施されていてもよい。   The electronic circuit 4 is made of a copper foil, a copper plate, or the like, and the thickness is preferably 5 μm to 1 mm, particularly preferably 10 μm to 100 μm. Electronic parts such as capacitors and chips may be mounted on the electronic circuit 4, and a solder resist may be applied. Further, the surface of the copper foil or copper plate may be plated with Au to prevent corrosion.

プリント配線板1を、炉などを用いて、絶縁層の樹脂の熱分解開始温度以上アルミの溶融温度未満で加熱、つまり、絶縁層3の樹脂が燃焼しない程度に加熱することにより、アルミベース基板2と絶縁層3との接着界面における接着強度を著しく減じ、基板と2と絶縁層3とが容易に剥離し、分別しやすくなる。この際の温度は、絶縁層の樹脂の熱分解開始温度と、アルミの融点との間であって、具体的には、200℃以上660℃未満、好ましくは320℃以上660℃未満、さらに好ましくは320℃以上550℃以下であり、加熱必要時間は、1秒以上、好ましくは1〜60分間、より好ましくは5〜15分間である。   By heating the printed wiring board 1 at a temperature equal to or higher than the thermal decomposition start temperature of the resin of the insulating layer and lower than the melting temperature of the aluminum using a furnace or the like, that is, heating to such an extent that the resin of the insulating layer 3 does not burn. The adhesive strength at the bonding interface between 2 and the insulating layer 3 is significantly reduced, and the substrate, 2 and the insulating layer 3 are easily separated and easily separated. The temperature at this time is between the thermal decomposition start temperature of the resin of the insulating layer and the melting point of aluminum, specifically, 200 ° C. or higher and lower than 660 ° C., preferably 320 ° C. or higher and lower than 660 ° C., more preferably Is 320 ° C. or more and 550 ° C. or less, and the heating time is 1 second or more, preferably 1 to 60 minutes, more preferably 5 to 15 minutes.

熱分解開始温度は、熱分解挙動をTGで測定して求めることができ、絶縁層を形成する樹脂の成分によって変動する。例えば、図2は各種樹脂ポリマーの窒素雰囲気中における熱分解挙動をTGで測定したデータ(http://www.siint.com/より引用)である。この図に示した樹脂ポリマーはそれぞれ分解挙動が異なるものの、いずれも200℃以上から分解反応が開始し620℃以下で分解反応が完了する。エポキシ樹脂は430℃で分解反応が完了し、フェノール樹脂は320℃で、ポリイミド樹脂は500℃でそれぞれ分解が完了する。絶縁層3に用いる多くの樹脂の熱分解反応は、常温からAlの融点である660℃までの加熱で完了する。
よって、加熱温度については、絶縁層3の樹脂の種類に応じて変動させることができる。
なお、絶縁層3とアルミベース基板2とを接着剤で接着する場合もあるが、接着剤にはエポキシ樹脂等の樹脂を用いることが多いので、接着剤を用いない場合と同様に絶縁層3を剥離させることができる。
The thermal decomposition start temperature can be obtained by measuring the thermal decomposition behavior by TG, and varies depending on the resin component forming the insulating layer. For example, FIG. 2 is data (cited from http://www.siint.com/) measured by TG for the thermal decomposition behavior of various resin polymers in a nitrogen atmosphere. Although the resin polymers shown in this figure have different decomposition behaviors, the decomposition reaction starts at 200 ° C. or more, and the decomposition reaction is completed at 620 ° C. or less. The decomposition of the epoxy resin is completed at 430 ° C, the decomposition of the phenol resin is 320 ° C, and the decomposition of the polyimide resin is 500 ° C. The thermal decomposition reaction of many resins used for the insulating layer 3 is completed by heating from room temperature to 660 ° C. which is the melting point of Al.
Therefore, the heating temperature can be changed according to the type of resin of the insulating layer 3.
In some cases, the insulating layer 3 and the aluminum base substrate 2 are bonded with an adhesive. However, since an adhesive such as an epoxy resin is often used as the adhesive, the insulating layer 3 is the same as when the adhesive is not used. Can be peeled off.

加熱手段として炉を用いる場合は、電気ルツボ炉を用いることが好ましい。また、加熱手段としてバーナーや過熱蒸気、高周波加熱、レーザーや誘導加熱炉等で加熱することもできる。酸化雰囲気下であれば、分解反応がより低温から進行させることができるため、大気雰囲気下などで加熱するのが好ましい。   When a furnace is used as the heating means, it is preferable to use an electric crucible furnace. Moreover, it can also heat with a burner, superheated steam, high frequency heating, a laser, an induction heating furnace, etc. as a heating means. Since the decomposition reaction can proceed from a lower temperature under an oxidizing atmosphere, it is preferably heated in an air atmosphere or the like.

加熱したプリント配線板1は、アルミベース基板2と絶縁層3とが剥がれやすくなる。この絶縁層3は、完全には焼却されず、樹脂部分が炭化や灰化して収縮した箔のような形状となり、手作業や比重選別などでアルミベース基板2と絶縁層3とを剥がして効率良く分別することができる。   In the heated printed wiring board 1, the aluminum base substrate 2 and the insulating layer 3 are easily peeled off. This insulating layer 3 is not completely incinerated, and the resin part is carbonized or ashed to form a foil that shrinks, and the aluminum base substrate 2 and the insulating layer 3 are peeled off by manual work or specific gravity sorting to improve efficiency. Can be separated well.

剥離および分別の効率を高めるためには、ボールミル及び渦電流選別機を用いるのが好ましい。
加熱したプリント配線板1を、ボールミルに投入し、作動させることにより、アルミベース基板2と絶縁層3とが剥離する。剥離したアルミベース基2と絶縁層3とをボールミルから取り出し、渦電流選別機にて処理すると、アルミベース基板2は遠くに飛び、絶縁層3はあまり飛ばないので、これにより、簡便に効率良く分別することができる。
In order to increase the separation and separation efficiency, it is preferable to use a ball mill and an eddy current sorter.
When the heated printed wiring board 1 is put into a ball mill and operated, the aluminum base substrate 2 and the insulating layer 3 are separated. When the peeled aluminum base 2 and the insulating layer 3 are taken out from the ball mill and processed by an eddy current sorter, the aluminum base substrate 2 flies far away and the insulating layer 3 does not fly so much. Can be separated.

このようにして回収したアルミベース基板2は、絶縁層3がきれいに剥離し、不純物を含まないアルミ原料としてリサイクルすることができる。   The aluminum base substrate 2 collected in this way can be recycled as an aluminum raw material that does not contain impurities because the insulating layer 3 is cleanly peeled off.

以下、本発明のアルミベース基板の回収方法の実施例を説明する。ただし、本発明の範囲はこの実施例に限定されるものではない。   Examples of the aluminum base substrate recovery method of the present invention will be described below. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

(試験例1)
サイズL120mm×W70mm×T5mmのプリント配線板10枚を用いて試験を行った。この配線板のアルミベース基板の厚みは4mm、絶縁層の厚みは1mmであり、絶縁層は、ガラスエポキシ樹脂からなり、エポキシ系の接着剤でアルミベース基板上に貼付してある。また、平均重量は76.8gであった。
この配線板10枚を、電気ルツボ炉(仕様MAX1200℃、200V、4.2kW、内径200mmφ×H250mm)に入れ、400℃で15分間加熱処理を実施した。
その後、この炉から加熱したプリント配線板を取り出し、小型ボールミル(150mmφ×170mmH 3000ml、ステンレスボール30mmφ2.5kg装填)に入れ10分間処理した。ボールミル内でアルミベース基板と絶縁層とが剥離しており、これらを取り出して分別することができた。
(Test Example 1)
The test was performed using 10 printed wiring boards having a size of L120 mm × W70 mm × T5 mm. The thickness of the aluminum base substrate of this wiring board is 4 mm, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 1 mm. The insulating layer is made of glass epoxy resin, and is affixed on the aluminum base substrate with an epoxy-based adhesive. The average weight was 76.8 g.
Ten of the wiring boards were placed in an electric crucible furnace (specification MAX 1200 ° C., 200 V, 4.2 kW, inner diameter 200 mmφ × H 250 mm), and heat treatment was performed at 400 ° C. for 15 minutes.
Thereafter, the heated printed wiring board was taken out from the furnace, placed in a small ball mill (150 mmφ × 170 mmH 3000 ml, loaded with stainless steel balls 30 mmφ2.5 kg) and treated for 10 minutes. The aluminum base substrate and the insulating layer were separated in the ball mill, and these could be taken out and separated.

(試験例2)
サイズL140mm×W100mm×T2.5mmのプリント配線板10枚を用いて試験を行った。この配線板のアルミベース基板の厚みは2mm、絶縁層の厚みは0.5mmであり、配線パターンで裁断した銅薄板をシート糊で接着後、その上からソルダーレジスト樹脂をコーティングしてある。また、平均重量は119.0gであった。
この配線板10枚を、上記試験例1と同様に電気ルツボ炉に入れ、400℃で15分間加熱処理を実施した。
その後、この炉から加熱したプリント配線板を取り出し、試験例1と同様に小型ボールミルに入れ10分間処理した。ボールミル内でアルミベース基板と絶縁層とが剥離しており、これらを取り出して分別することができた。
(Test Example 2)
The test was performed using 10 printed wiring boards of size L140 mm × W100 mm × T2.5 mm. The thickness of the aluminum base substrate of this wiring board is 2 mm, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.5 mm. A copper thin plate cut by a wiring pattern is bonded with a sheet paste, and then a solder resist resin is coated thereon. The average weight was 119.0 g.
Ten of the wiring boards were placed in an electric crucible furnace in the same manner as in Test Example 1, and heat treatment was performed at 400 ° C. for 15 minutes.
Then, the printed wiring board heated from this furnace was taken out, and it put into the small ball mill similarly to Test Example 1, and processed for 10 minutes. The aluminum base substrate and the insulating layer were separated in the ball mill, and these could be taken out and separated.

(試験例3)
サイズL110mm×W100mm×T2mmのプリント配線板10枚を用いて試験を行った。この配線板のアルミベース基板の厚みは2mm、絶縁層の厚みは0.1mmであり、配線パターンで裁断した銅箔をシート糊で接着しその上からソルダーレジストをコーティングしてある。また、平均重量は65.1gであった。
この配線板10枚を、上記試験例1と同様に電気ルツボ炉に入れ、400℃で15分間加熱処理を実施した。
その後、この炉から加熱したプリント配線板を取り出し、試験例1と同様に小型ボールミルに入れ10分間処理した。ボールミル内でアルミベース基板と絶縁層とが剥離しており、これらを取り出して分別することができた。
(Test Example 3)
The test was performed using 10 printed wiring boards having a size of L110 mm × W100 mm × T2 mm. The thickness of the aluminum base substrate of this wiring board is 2 mm, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.1 mm. A copper foil cut by a wiring pattern is bonded with a sheet paste, and a solder resist is coated thereon. The average weight was 65.1 g.
Ten of the wiring boards were placed in an electric crucible furnace in the same manner as in Test Example 1, and heat treatment was performed at 400 ° C. for 15 minutes.
Then, the printed wiring board heated from this furnace was taken out, and it put into the small ball mill similarly to Test Example 1, and processed for 10 minutes. The aluminum base substrate and the insulating layer were separated in the ball mill, and these could be taken out and separated.

(試験例4)
サイズL120mm×W66mm×T1mmのプリント配線板10枚を用いて試験を行った。この配線板のアルミベース基板の厚みは1mm、絶縁層の厚みは0.1mmであり、絶縁層は、ガラスエポキシ樹脂からなり、エポキシの接着剤でアルミベース基板上に貼付した。また、平均重量は15gであった。
この配線板10枚を、上記試験例1と同様に電気ルツボ炉に入れ、400℃で15分間加熱処理を実施した。
その後、この炉から加熱したプリント配線板を取り出し、試験例1と同様に小型ボールミルに入れ10分間処理した。ボールミル内でアルミベース基板と絶縁層とが剥離しており、これらを取り出して分別することができた。
(Test Example 4)
The test was conducted using 10 printed wiring boards having a size of L120 mm × W66 mm × T1 mm. The thickness of the aluminum base substrate of this wiring board was 1 mm, and the thickness of the insulating layer was 0.1 mm. The insulating layer was made of glass epoxy resin, and was affixed on the aluminum base substrate with an epoxy adhesive. The average weight was 15 g.
Ten of the wiring boards were placed in an electric crucible furnace in the same manner as in Test Example 1, and heat treatment was performed at 400 ° C. for 15 minutes.
Then, the printed wiring board heated from this furnace was taken out, and it put into the small ball mill similarly to Test Example 1, and processed for 10 minutes. The aluminum base substrate and the insulating layer were separated in the ball mill, and these could be taken out and separated.

(試験例5)
試験例1と同様のプリント配線板10枚を用いて試験を行った。
この配線板10枚を、試験例1と同様に電気ルツボ炉に入れ、700℃になるまで加熱処理を実施した。ルツボ内ではアルミが溶湯になっており、これを篩(0.5mm)にて濾し、網上と網下とに分離した。
これらを冷まして確認したところ、網下にアルミ、網上に絶縁層が分別できることが確認された。
しかし、このアルミを分析したところ、Auが300ppm、Cuを0.1wt%含むものであり、品質が低下すると同時に有価物のロスとなる。
(Test Example 5)
The test was performed using 10 printed wiring boards similar to Test Example 1.
Ten of the wiring boards were placed in an electric crucible furnace in the same manner as in Test Example 1, and heat treatment was performed until the temperature reached 700 ° C. In the crucible, aluminum was a molten metal, which was filtered with a sieve (0.5 mm) and separated into a net and a net.
When these were cooled and confirmed, it was confirmed that aluminum can be separated under the mesh and an insulating layer can be separated on the mesh.
However, when this aluminum is analyzed, it contains 300 ppm of Au and 0.1 wt% of Cu, which results in a loss of valuable materials at the same time as the quality deteriorates.

(結果)
アルミの溶融温度未満で加熱することにより、アルミベース基板と絶縁層とが容易に剥離することが確認された。
アルミの溶融温度以上で加熱すると、分別することはできるが、不純物が入り込んでしまいアルミの品位が低下することが確認された。
(result)
It was confirmed that the aluminum base substrate and the insulating layer were easily peeled off by heating below the melting temperature of aluminum.
When heated above the melting temperature of aluminum, it can be separated, but it was confirmed that impurities entered and the quality of the aluminum was lowered.

1プリント配線板 2アルミベース基板 3絶縁層 4電子回路 1 Printed wiring board 2 Aluminum base substrate 3 Insulating layer 4 Electronic circuit

Claims (4)

アルミベース基板上に樹脂からなる絶縁層を介して電子回路を形成したプリント配線板を、絶縁層の樹脂の熱分解開始温度以上アルミの溶融温度未満で、酸化雰囲気下において加熱するアルミベース基板の回収方法。 A printed wiring board in which an electronic circuit is formed on an aluminum base substrate through an insulating layer made of a resin is heated in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature higher than the thermal decomposition start temperature of the resin of the insulating layer and lower than the melting temperature of the aluminum. Collection method. プリント配線板を、200℃以上660℃未満で1秒以上加熱する請求項1に記載のアルミベース基板の回収方法。   The method for recovering an aluminum base substrate according to claim 1, wherein the printed wiring board is heated at 200 ° C or higher and lower than 660 ° C for 1 second or longer. 絶縁層は、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂のいずれかからなる請求項1又は2に記載のアルミベース基板の回収方法。   The method for recovering an aluminum base substrate according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is made of any one of an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, and a polyimide resin. プリント配線板を加熱した後、ボールミルに投入してアルミベース基板を剥離する請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のアルミベース基板の回収方法。   The method for recovering an aluminum base substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein after heating the printed wiring board, the printed circuit board is put into a ball mill to peel off the aluminum base substrate.
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