JP5710696B2 - Display device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device, and more particularly to a display device that enables three-dimensional display by using a liquid crystal lens.

  In a liquid crystal display panel, there are a TFT substrate in which pixel electrodes and thin film transistors (TFTs) are formed in a matrix, and a counter substrate in which a color filter is formed in a location corresponding to the pixel electrodes of the TFT substrate, facing the TFT substrate. The liquid crystal is sandwiched between the TFT substrate and the counter substrate to form a display area. An image is formed by controlling the light transmittance of the liquid crystal molecules for each pixel. Since the liquid crystal can only control polarized light, the light from the backlight is polarized by the lower polarizing plate before entering the TFT substrate, and after being controlled by the liquid crystal layer, it is again polarized by the upper polarizing plate and externally applied. To exit. Therefore, the outgoing light from the liquid crystal display panel is polarized light.

  Various methods for three-dimensionalizing an image formed on a liquid crystal display panel have been proposed. Among them, the method of arranging the liquid crystal lens on the liquid crystal display panel can switch between the two-dimensional image and the three-dimensional image without requiring special glasses in order to visually recognize the three-dimensional image. In particular, it has attracted attention in small display devices.

  In “Patent Document 1”, a liquid crystal lens has a liquid crystal molecule sandwiched between an upper substrate and a lower substrate, an upper substrate electrode pattern is formed in a strip shape on the upper substrate, and a lower substrate electrode that is flat on the lower substrate. A configuration is described in which a lens is formed by aligning liquid crystal molecules along an electric field formed by forming a pattern and applying a voltage to the upper substrate electrode pattern and the lower electrode pattern.

  In “Patent Document 2”, in a liquid crystal lens using an electric field formed by a vertical electric field between an upper substrate electrode pattern and a lower substrate electrode pattern, the upper substrate electrode pattern and the lower substrate electrode pattern are similar patterns. A configuration is described in which the upper substrate and the lower substrate are rotated 90 degrees. As a result, the direction of the lens can be rotated by 90 degrees according to the method of applying a voltage to the upper substrate electrode pattern and the lower substrate electrode pattern, and the screen is three-dimensional in both cases of landscape orientation and portrait orientation. Display can be enabled.

Japanese Patent No. 2862462 Special table 2009-520231

  10 to 13 show an outline of the liquid crystal lens 10 and 3D display using the liquid crystal lens 10. In this specification, 2D display means two-dimensional display, and 3D display means three-dimensional display. The liquid crystal lens 10 has a configuration in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between two substrates on which electrodes are formed, and has the same configuration as a liquid crystal display element. However, a polarizing plate is not used because it is not an application for controlling the polarization direction like a so-called display liquid crystal display.

  FIG. 10 is a view showing an outline of electrodes formed on two substrates sandwiching liquid crystal. A pattern drawn by a solid line and a rectangle that is long in the horizontal direction is an electrode of the lower substrate 30. A rectangle drawn with a dotted line is an electrode of the upper substrate 20. The rectangles on which the letters A and B are drawn indicate electrode terminals to which voltage is applied from the outside, and the lines connecting the electrode terminals and the electrodes on the above-described substrate indicate wiring. In the present specification, an electrode connected to the electrode terminal A may be referred to as an electrode A, and an electrode connected to the electrode terminal B may be referred to as an electrode B. Here, the patterns of the upper and lower substrates are not essentially limited, and may be reversed. Since it is necessary to transmit light, at least the dotted electrode covering the entire display portion is formed of a transparent electrode such as ITO.

  In FIG. 10, the arrow indicated by P1 is the rubbing direction of the lower substrate, and the arrow indicated by P2 is the rubbing direction of the upper substrate. The sandwiched liquid crystal is oriented so that the major axis is directed in the direction of the arrow when no voltage is applied. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. The electrode on the lower substrate 30 side is set so that two pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 100 disposed under the liquid crystal lens 10 are disposed between the two electrodes. Actually, the pitch of the two pixels and the electrode pitch are not the same, and are appropriately designed according to the assumed viewpoint position.

  FIG. 11 shows a state where the upper and lower electrodes are set to the same voltage, that is, a state where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal lens 10 is OFF. At this time, since all the liquid crystals are oriented in an alignment direction regulated by rubbing, the liquid crystal lens 10 is an optically uniform medium with respect to the transmitted light and has no effect. That is, the two-dimensional image of the liquid crystal display panel 100 is output as it is.

  FIG. 12 shows a state in which a voltage is applied to the upper and lower electrodes of the liquid crystal lens 10 to change the alignment direction of the liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal lens 10 is in an ON state. At this time, an AC voltage is applied in order to prevent deterioration of the liquid crystal as in the case of the normal liquid crystal display panel 100. Since the electrode of the upper substrate 20 is a solid electrode and the lower electrode is a localized electrode, the electric field applied to the liquid crystal is not uniform in the vertical and horizontal directions in the figure, but from the lower localized electrode to the upper solid electrode. Along the radial (parabolic) electric field, the liquid crystal molecules also have a radial orientation as shown in the figure.

  The liquid crystal molecule 50 has birefringence, and the component in the longitudinal direction (major axis direction) of the polarized light of the passing light becomes extraordinary light and the refractive index is high, and the component orthogonal to it is ordinary light and the refractive index is extraordinary light. Lower than. The angle between them may be considered by decomposing into an abnormal light component and an ordinary light component in the manner of vector decomposition. Due to this birefringence, the liquid crystal is aligned as shown in FIG.

  When the polarization direction 40 of the incident light, that is, the outgoing light from the liquid crystal display panel 100 is substantially parallel to the rubbing direction of the liquid crystal lens 10, a high refractive index portion (abnormal light portion) when the incident light passes through the liquid crystal lens 10 The ratio of the low refractive index portion varies depending on the location. Here, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 50 coincides with the rubbing direction that determines the initial alignment of the liquid crystal.

  A dotted line indicating the interface of the convex lens 11 in FIG. 12 schematically shows the interface between the high refractive index portion and the low refractive index portion. Thus, the same effect as the convex lens is produced in the liquid crystal. If two pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 100 are arranged under the convex lens effect as shown in FIG. 12, the light of the first pixel 200 is mainly on the right side of the figure, and the light of the second pixel 300 is mainly on the figure. Change course to the left. In FIG. 12, r, g, and b in the first pixel 200 and the second pixel 300 indicate a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel, respectively. The same applies thereafter. The liquid crystal lens 10 and the liquid crystal display panel 100 are appropriately designed, and signals for the right eye and the left eye are displayed on the first pixel 200 and the second pixel 300, respectively, so that the light of the first pixel 200 is observed. By guiding the light of the second pixel 300 to the left eye of the observer to the right eye of the observer, the observer can recognize it as a 3D image.

  FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the relationship between the right-eye pixel and the left-eye pixel in the liquid crystal display panel 100 and the lower electrode pattern 31 in the liquid crystal lens. In the liquid crystal display panel 100 of FIG. 13, pixels for the right eye are displayed as A1 to A4, and pixels for the left eye are displayed as B1 to B4.

  FIG. 14 shows the pattern shape of the lower substrate electrode pattern 31 in the liquid crystal lens 10 and the rubbing direction of the liquid crystal lens 10. In FIG. 14, both the rubbing direction P1 of the upper substrate and the rubbing direction P2 of the lower substrate are lateral directions. Similarly, the outgoing polarization direction 40 from the liquid crystal display panel is also in the horizontal direction. 15 shows a case where no voltage is applied between the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30 in the liquid crystal lens 10 shown in FIG. 14, and FIG. 16 shows a case where a voltage is applied between the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30. It is sectional drawing.

  By the way, when fishing or the like is performed on the coast, polarized sunglasses as shown in FIG. 17 may be used in order to prevent light reflected from the water surface from entering and making it difficult to see the scenery. As shown in FIG. 17, the transmission variable axis of the polarized sunglasses is in the vertical direction. However, in the liquid crystal lens as shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, the outgoing polarization axis is in the horizontal direction. Therefore, when polarized sunglasses are used, light that has passed through the liquid crystal lens cannot pass through the polarized sunglasses, and therefore, an image of a liquid crystal display device having the liquid crystal lens cannot be viewed.

  The polarization axis of the light that has passed through the liquid crystal lens shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 is the direction of arrow B in FIG. Since the transmission variable axis of the polarized sunglasses is in the vertical direction, the light that has passed through the liquid crystal lens shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 cannot be viewed with polarized sunglasses. On the other hand, if the polarization axis of the light that has passed through the liquid crystal lens is in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 18, the emitted light can pass through the polarized sunglasses.

  19 to 21 show a liquid crystal lens having a configuration in which the polarization axis of light emitted from the liquid crystal lens is set in the vertical direction. In FIG. 19, the lower substrate electrode pattern 31 in the liquid crystal lens 10 and the rubbing direction are shown. In FIG. 19, the rubbing direction P1 of the lower substrate and the rubbing direction P2 of the upper substrate are also perpendicular directions. Further, the polarization axis direction of the light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel is also the vertical direction. Therefore, the light that has passed through the liquid crystal lens 10 shown in FIGS. 19 to 21 can be visually recognized by the polarized sunglasses.

  20 shows a case where no voltage is applied between the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30 of the liquid crystal lens 10 shown in FIG. 19, and FIG. 21 shows a case where a voltage is applied. In FIG. 20, since the liquid crystal molecules are not modulated, the light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 100 passes through the liquid crystal lens 10 as it is. In FIG. 21, a voltage is applied between the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30, and a liquid crystal lens is formed, enabling three-dimensional display. Moreover, since the polarization axis of the light passing through the liquid crystal lens 10 is in the vertical direction, it can be visually recognized using polarized sunglasses.

  In FIG. 19, in order to form a convex lens with liquid crystal molecules, the liquid crystal molecules are rotated 90 degrees and further aligned along the electric field. It was found difficult to obtain a liquid crystal lens that realizes 3D display. The main reason for this is thought to be that when the liquid crystal molecules rotate 90 degrees, there is no restriction in the direction of rotation, so that regions with different orientations such as reverse rotation, so-called domains, are formed, and the interface between ordinary light and abnormal light is disturbed.

  Accordingly, a first problem of the present invention is to make it possible to clearly see an image from a liquid crystal display device when polarized sunglasses are used in a liquid crystal display device with a liquid crystal lens capable of three-dimensional display.

  On the other hand, a function that can switch between portrait (vertical display) and landscape (horizontal display) has been added to recent applications of liquid crystal display devices, such as mobile phones. In order to cope with this application, the 3D panel has also required a function of switching between portrait and landscape.

  FIG. 22 is an example of a conventional disclosed technique that enables vertical / horizontal switching in the liquid crystal lens 10. As in FIG. 10, the solid line is the lower substrate electrode pattern 31, and the dotted line is the upper substrate electrode pattern 21. In this case, both the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30 are composed of a thin electrode that is equivalent to a solid substrate with respect to a thin electrode serving as a local electrode and a thin electrode serving as a counter substrate. A, B, C, and D are terminal electrodes for applying a voltage to each electrode pattern. A, B, C, and D also indicate corresponding electrodes.

  23 and 24 are cross-sectional views in the case where the cylindrical liquid crystal lens 10 extending in the lateral direction of FIG. 22 is formed. The same thing as described in FIGS. 11 and 12 occurs. Function. 23 and 24 are different from FIGS. 11 and 12 in that a horizontal electric field is generated between the electrode A and the electrode C in FIG. 24. Since this horizontal electric field is substantially the same as the rubbing direction, the liquid crystal Does not critically affect the orientation and lens effect.

  25 and 26 are cross-sectional views in the XX direction of FIG. FIG. 25 shows the case of 2D display when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal. The liquid crystal molecules 50 indicated by circles in the drawing indicate that the major axis is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the upper electrode, that is, the direction perpendicular to the paper surface. FIG. 26 shows a case where a voltage is applied so that an electric field is generated between the electrode B of the upper substrate 20 and the other electrodes A, C, D. As in FIG. 12 or FIG. 24, the liquid crystal is reoriented along a radial electric field from B to C to form a downwardly convex lens shape. At this time, the electrodes B and D on the upper substrate 20 are at the same time. A horizontal electric field is generated, and the liquid crystal is realigned along the electric field.

  This lateral electric field not only disturbs the shape of the liquid crystal lens 10, but in the experiments conducted by the inventors, the lens effect may disappear due to the lateral electric field over a long time (due to a change in the liquid crystal domain). Observing this fact, it was found that it was difficult to put the screen to vertical / horizontal switching using this method.

  Accordingly, another object of the present invention is to realize a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal lens 10 capable of 3D display that can be switched between vertical and horizontal directions.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and specific means are as follows.

  (1) A liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal lens is disposed on a liquid crystal display panel, wherein the liquid crystal display panel includes a first pixel having a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel, a red sub-pixel, The liquid crystal lens includes a second pixel having a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel, and the liquid crystal lens has a configuration in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate. A plurality of stripe-shaped electrodes extend in the first direction and are arranged in the second direction with a predetermined interval, and a planar solid electrode is formed on the second substrate. The initial alignment direction P1 with respect to the liquid crystal molecules on the substrate is a second direction that coincides with the polarization axis of the light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel and is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction. The initial alignment direction P2 with respect to the liquid crystal molecules in the substrate of the first substrate is the first group The liquid crystal display device, wherein the initial alignment direction P1 relative to the liquid crystal molecules is 90 ° ± 5 at.

  (2) A liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal lens is disposed on a liquid crystal display panel, wherein the liquid crystal display panel includes a first pixel having a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel, a red sub-pixel, The liquid crystal lens includes a second pixel having a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel, and the liquid crystal lens has a configuration in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate. A plurality of stripe-shaped electrodes extend in the first direction and are arranged in the second direction with a predetermined interval, and a planar solid electrode is formed on the second substrate. The initial alignment direction P1 with respect to the liquid crystal molecules on the substrate is a second direction that coincides with the polarization axis of the light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel and is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction. The initial alignment direction P2 with respect to the liquid crystal molecules in the substrate of the first substrate is the first group The liquid crystal display device, wherein the initial alignment direction P1 relative to the liquid crystal molecules is 45 degrees to 90 degrees in the.

(3) A liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal lens is disposed on a liquid crystal display panel, wherein the liquid crystal display panel includes pixels in which red sub-pixels, green sub-pixels, and blue sub-pixels are arranged in a first direction. The pixels are arranged at a first interval in a first direction, the pixels are arranged at a second interval in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the liquid crystal lens is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. Liquid crystal is sandwiched between the substrates,
On the first substrate, a plurality of narrow stripe-shaped first electrodes extend in the first direction, and are arranged in the second direction corresponding to an interval twice the second interval. And a second electrode having a large width extends between the first electrode and the first electrode in the first direction with a predetermined distance from the first electrode, and the second substrate. Includes a stripe-like third electrode having a narrow width and a stripe-like fourth electrode having a wide width, which extend alternately in the second direction and have a predetermined interval. The third electrode and the third electrode are arranged in the first direction corresponding to an interval twice as large as the first interval, and the liquid crystal of the first substrate is arranged in the first direction. The initial alignment direction with respect to the molecules is the second direction, and the initial alignment direction with respect to the liquid crystal molecules of the second substrate is the first direction,
The liquid crystal display device, wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode can apply different voltages to each other.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if it uses polarized sunglasses, the liquid crystal display device which can visually recognize a three-dimensional image is realizable. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a liquid crystal display device that can display a three-dimensional image even when the screen is switched vertically and horizontally.

3 is a plan view showing an electrode configuration of a liquid crystal lens of Example 1. FIG. It is a YY sectional view of FIG. 1 when no voltage is applied. FIG. 2 is a YY sectional view of FIG. 1 when a voltage is applied. 6 is a plan view showing an electrode configuration of a liquid crystal lens of Example 2. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an electrode configuration of a liquid crystal lens of Example 3. FIG. FIG. 6 is a YY sectional view of FIG. 5 when no voltage is applied. FIG. 6 is a YY sectional view of FIG. 5 when a voltage is applied. It is XX sectional drawing of FIG. 5 when a voltage is not applied. It is XX sectional drawing of FIG. 5 at the time of applying a voltage. It is a top view which shows the electrode structure of the liquid crystal lens of a prior art example. It is YY sectional drawing of FIG. 10 when a voltage is not applied. It is YY sectional drawing of FIG. 10 at the time of applying a voltage. It is a plane schematic diagram which shows the relationship between the pixel in a liquid crystal display panel, and the lower board | substrate electrode pattern of a liquid crystal lens. In a liquid crystal lens, it is a top view at the time of making a rubbing direction into a horizontal direction. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal lens of FIG. 14 when no voltage is applied. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view when a voltage is applied in the liquid crystal lens of FIG. 14. It is a figure which shows the transmission polarization axis in polarization sunglasses. It is an example which shows the polarization axis of the emitted light in a liquid crystal display panel. In a liquid crystal lens, it is a top view at the time of making a rubbing direction into a perpendicular direction. This is a case where no voltage is applied in the XX cross section of FIG. This is a case where a voltage is applied in the XX cross section of FIG. It is a top view which shows the electrode structure of the liquid crystal lens in a prior art example which can switch a screen to vertical and horizontal. This is a case where no voltage is applied in the YY cross section of FIG. This is a case where a voltage is applied in the YY cross section of FIG. This is a case where no voltage is applied in the XX cross section of FIG. This is a case where a voltage is applied in the XX cross section of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the contents of the present invention will be described in detail using examples. In the following examples, the term rubbing direction is used as the initial alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules. However, the alignment treatment for initial alignment of liquid crystal may be a photo-alignment treatment. Can also be applied.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an electrode structure and a rubbing direction of the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30 in the liquid crystal lens 10 of the first embodiment. The electrode structure in FIG. 1 is the same as the electrode structure shown in FIG. FIG. 1 differs from FIG. 10 in the rubbing direction of the upper substrate 20. The rubbing direction of the lower substrate 30 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the lower substrate electrode pattern 31 as in FIG. The rubbing direction of the upper substrate 20 is the same direction as the extending direction of the lower substrate electrode pattern 31. Therefore, the initial alignment of the liquid crystal molecules sandwiched between the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30 is a twisted configuration.

  2 is a cross-sectional view in the YY direction of the liquid crystal lens 10 of FIG. The configuration in FIG. 2 is the same as that in FIG. 11 except for the rubbing direction of the upper substrate 20 and the initial alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 50, and thus detailed description of the structure is omitted. In FIG. 2, the direction of the polarization axis of the emitted light from the liquid crystal display panel 100 and the rubbing direction of the lower substrate 30 of the liquid crystal lens 10 are the same and the horizontal direction. However, the rubbing direction of the upper substrate 20 is a direction perpendicular to the rubbing direction of the lower substrate 30. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 50 are aligned in the vicinity of the lower substrate 30 in parallel with the paper surface, and are aligned in the vicinity of the upper substrate 20 in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, thus forming a so-called TN (Twisted Nematic) configuration. FIG. 2 shows a state where no voltage is applied between the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30.

  FIG. 3 shows a case where a convex lens-like liquid crystal lens 10 is formed by applying a voltage between the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30 in the same structure as FIG. The liquid crystal lens 10 extends in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface and is a cylindrical lens. Even in the case of 3D display using such a lens, although there is a slight decrease in luminance, an image that can be sufficiently put into practical use can be obtained. This is presumed to be because the TN effect still remains in the vicinity of the center of the lens 10 and the optical rotation component remains to such an extent that no decrease in luminance is felt.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the change axis of the polarized light emitted from the liquid crystal lens 10 can be matched with the polarization axis of the polarized sunglasses 400. The image of the device can be recognized.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is the same as FIG. 1 of the first embodiment except for the rubbing direction P2 of the upper substrate 20. In FIG. 4, the rubbing direction P <b> 2 of the upper substrate 20 is inclined by a predetermined angle θ with respect to the rubbing direction P <b> 1 of the lower substrate 30.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to visually recognize a 3D image having the liquid crystal lens 10 using the polarized sunglasses 400. That is, when θ is completely 90 degrees, the brightest 3D image can be seen, but even when θ is other than 90 degrees, the 3D image can be viewed with a predetermined luminance. That is, as in the conventional example, when the polarized sunglasses 400 is used, the image is not completely invisible.

  According to the configuration of the present embodiment, when viewing a two-dimensional image (2D) by setting θ to 45 degrees, when the screen is switched between the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the images in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are the same. Can see.

  In recent applications of liquid crystal display devices, a function has been added that enables switching between portrait (vertical display) and landscape (horizontal display), such as a mobile phone. In order to cope with this application, the 3D panel has also required a function of switching between portrait and landscape. The configuration of a conventional 3D switchable liquid crystal lens and its problems are described in FIG. 22 and its cross-sectional views 23 to 26.

  The biggest problem in the conventional example is that in FIG. 26, a horizontal electric field is generated between the electrodes B and D on the upper substrate, and the liquid crystal is reoriented along this electric field. This lateral electric field not only disturbs the shape of the liquid crystal lens 10 but also causes the lens effect to disappear due to the lateral electric field due to a change in the liquid crystal domain over a long period of time.

  The present invention addresses this problem, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of the electrode configuration of the present invention. The electrode configuration in FIG. 5 is the same as that described in FIG. That is, the solid line indicates the electrode pattern 31 on the lower substrate 30, and the dotted line indicates the electrode pattern 21 on the upper substrate 20. 5 differs from FIG. 22 in that the rubbing direction of the upper substrate 20 is perpendicular to the rubbing direction of the lower substrate 30. As a result, the liquid crystal sandwiched between the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30 has a twist structure. Here, the rubbing direction P1 of the lower substrate 30 and the rubbing direction P2 of the upper substrate 20 are optimal at right angles, but can operate sufficiently even in the range of 90 ° ± 5 °.

6 is a YY sectional view of FIG. 5 when no voltage is applied to the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30. In FIG. 6, the lower substrate 30 is rubbed in a direction parallel to the paper surface, and the upper substrate 20 is rubbed in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. Light incident on the liquid crystal lens from the liquid crystal display panel is emitted from the upper substrate with the polarization axis changed by 90 degrees.

  FIG. 7 is a YY cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 when a voltage is applied to the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30. In FIG. 7, the rubbing directions of the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30 are the same as described in FIG. In FIG. 7, a voltage is applied between the electrode D of the upper substrate 20 and the electrodes A and C of the lower substrate 30. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the lines of electric force due to this voltage, and a convex lens is formed. This operation is the same as that described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. 5 when no voltage is applied to the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30. In FIG. 8, the rubbing direction of the upper substrate 20 is a horizontal direction on the paper surface, and the rubbing direction of the lower substrate is a vertical direction on the paper surface. The light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 100 is emitted from the upper substrate while changing the direction of the polarization axis by 90 degrees. When FIG. 8 is compared with FIG. 6, it is upside down.

  9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. 5 when a voltage is applied to the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30. In FIG. 9, the rubbing directions of the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30 are the same as described in FIG. In FIG. 9, a voltage is applied between the electrodes D and B of the upper substrate 20 and the electrode C of the lower substrate 30. The liquid crystal molecules 50 are aligned along the lines of electric force due to this voltage, and a convex lens is formed. The direction of this convex lens is the lower side. However, this operation is essentially the same as that described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 of the first embodiment. Comparing FIG. 7 and FIG. 9, FIG. 9 is only upside down with respect to FIG. 7. Therefore, the three-dimensional display can be stably performed in FIG.

  Thus, according to the present invention, 3D display can be stably performed in a liquid crystal display device capable of switching between vertical and horizontal directions. In addition, when the rubbing direction of the upper substrate 20 of the liquid crystal lens 10 is a direction perpendicular to the ground, the screen of the liquid crystal display device can be visually recognized even when the polarized sunglasses 400 is used.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Liquid crystal lens, 11 ... Convex lens, 20 ... Upper board | substrate, 21 ... Upper board | substrate electrode pattern, 30 ... Lower board | substrate, 31 ... Lower board | substrate electrode pattern, 40 ... Output light polarization direction from a liquid crystal display panel, 50 ... Liquid crystal molecule, 60 ... electric lines of force, 100 ... liquid crystal display panel, 200 ... first pixel, 300 ... second pixel, A ... A electrode, A terminal, B ... B electrode, B terminal, C ... C electrode, C terminal, D ... D electrode, D terminal r: Red subpixel, g: Green subpixel, b ... Blue subpixel, P1: Lower substrate rubbing direction, P2: Upper substrate rubbing direction, 400: Polarized sunglasses, 500: Polarized sunglasses transmission polarization axis

Claims (13)

A display device in which a liquid crystal lens is disposed on a display panel,
The display panel includes a first pixel and a second pixel, with a polarizing plate disposed on the liquid crystal lens side,
The liquid crystal lens has a configuration in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate,
The first substrate is disposed between the display panel and the liquid crystal,
The first substrate has a plurality of striped electrodes extending in a first direction and arranged in a second direction with a predetermined interval;
A planar electrode is formed on the second substrate so as to overlap the plurality of striped electrodes,
The direction of the polarization axis of the polarizing plate is a first initial alignment direction of the molecules of the liquid crystal in the first substrate,
Wherein a second initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the second substrate, the first initial alignment direction forms angles, Ri 90 degrees ± 5 degrees der,
The display device, wherein the first initial alignment direction is the second direction.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein an angle formed between the first direction and the second direction is 90 degrees ± 5 degrees.   The display device according to claim 1, wherein the first pixel and the second pixel include a plurality of sub-pixels.   4. The display device according to claim 1, wherein an initial alignment of the molecules of the liquid crystal is a twisted nematic alignment. 5.   A display device in which a liquid crystal lens is disposed on a display panel,
  The display panel includes a first pixel and a second pixel, with a polarizing plate disposed on the liquid crystal lens side,
  The liquid crystal lens has a configuration in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate,
  The first substrate is disposed between the display panel and the liquid crystal,
  The first substrate has a plurality of striped electrodes extending in a first direction and arranged in a second direction with a predetermined interval;
  A planar electrode is formed on the second substrate so as to overlap the plurality of striped electrodes,
  The direction of the polarization axis of the polarizing plate is a first initial alignment direction of the molecules of the liquid crystal in the first substrate,
  The angle formed between the second initial alignment direction of the molecules of the liquid crystal in the second substrate and the first initial alignment direction is 45 degrees to 90 degrees,
  The display device, wherein the first initial alignment direction is the second direction.   6. The display device according to claim 5, wherein an angle formed by the first initial alignment direction and the second initial alignment direction is 45 degrees.   The display device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein an angle formed by the first direction and the second direction is 90 degrees ± 5 degrees.   The display device according to claim 5, wherein the first pixel and the second pixel have a plurality of sub-pixels.   A display device in which a liquid crystal lens is disposed on a display panel,
  The display panel has a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix form with a polarizing plate arranged on the liquid crystal lens side,
  The liquid crystal lens has a configuration in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate,
  The first substrate is disposed between the display panel and the liquid crystal,
  The first substrate has a first initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal;
  The second substrate has a second initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal;
  The direction of the polarization axis of the polarizing plate is the first initial alignment direction,
  The first substrate has a plurality of stripe-shaped first electrodes having a first width extending in a first direction, arranged in a second direction at a first interval,
  In a gap between the adjacent first electrodes, a striped second electrode having a second width larger than the first width extends in the first direction,
  A plurality of striped third electrodes having a third width extend in the second direction on the second substrate, and are arranged in the first direction at second intervals,
  In the gap between the adjacent third electrodes, a striped fourth electrode having a fourth width larger than the third width extends in the second direction,
  Among the plurality of pixels, two pixels are adjacent to each other between the adjacent first electrodes including the width of the first electrode, and a plurality of pixels are adjacent to each other in the first direction. The first pixel group adjacent to the pixel overlaps;
  Among the plurality of pixels, two pixels are adjacent to each other between the adjacent third electrodes including the width of the third electrode, and a plurality of pixels are adjacent to each other in the second direction. A second group of pixels adjacent to each other overlap,
  The display device, wherein the first initial alignment direction is the second direction, and the second initial alignment direction is the first direction.   The display device according to claim 9, wherein independent voltages are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode, respectively.   Driving to display a three-dimensional image by applying a potential difference between the second electrode and the third electrode;
  11. The display device according to claim 9, further comprising a drive for displaying a three-dimensional image by applying a potential difference between the first electrode and the fourth electrode. 11.   The display device according to claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of pixels includes a plurality of sub-pixels.   The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the display can be switched between a two-dimensional image display and a three-dimensional image display.

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