JP5692646B2 - Sediment crushing and mixing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an earth and sand crushing and mixing device applied when crushing, mixing, or simultaneous crushing and mixing is performed on soil used in civil engineering construction.

  The soil used in civil engineering construction work may be crushed for the purpose of particle size adjustment, etc. As a method, impact force is applied to the earth and sand by allowing the earth and sand to fall naturally in the swiveling range while turning the chain member. A method of crushing by giving is known.

  In such a method, in addition to the case where crushing is mainly performed, the scattering action is also exhibited at the time of crushing, so crushing treatment can be performed on different types of soils or soils to which solidifying material, additive, or activated carbon is added. The mixing process can be performed simultaneously.

  On the other hand, when the soil is sufficiently crushed and has added a solidifying material, additive, or activated carbon as described above, it is possible to perform a mixing process by scattering when an impact force is applied. It is.

  The crushing process, mixing process or simultaneous crushing / mixing process using the application of impact can proceed with the continuous addition of earth and sand, so the processing efficiency is much higher than that of batch type processing equipment such as paddle mixers. high. Therefore, its use is greatly expected in large-scale sites.

Japanese Patent No. 4361496 Japanese Patent No. 3554829 Japanese Patent No. 3643587

  However, since the crushing action or scattering action by the turning of the chain-like member is limited to the natural fall of the earth and sand, the earth and sand are not sufficiently crushed and scattered. As a result, the desired particle size cannot be obtained or sufficient mixing is performed. If it is attempted to avoid these, it is necessary to repeatedly perform crushing and scattering by swirling, leading to a reduction in crushing efficiency and mixing efficiency.

  Therefore, the applicant has studied an improvement measure for reducing the falling speed of earth and sand by forming an upward air flow in the internal space of the processing container in which the chain-like member is installed. According to this, since the number of impacts received from the chain-like member increases, the earth and sand can be sufficiently crushed and finely crushed, and the earth and sand can be sufficiently scattered, enabling high homogeneity mixing processing. become.

  However, in order to form a flow of air from the lower side to the upper side in the processing container, it is necessary to draw out and discharge the air from the upper position of the chain-like member. The scattered small clumps or dirt particles adhere to and accumulate near the exhaust port of the processing vessel due to the momentum of impact and entrainment by the upward air flow, resulting in clogging near the exhaust port and hindering the formation of the air flow. It was causing the problem that.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and when forming an upward air flow in the internal space of the processing vessel in which the chain-like member is installed, an exhaust port due to accumulation of small earth blocks or soil particles. An object of the present invention is to provide an earth and sand crushing and mixing device that can prevent blockage in the vicinity.

  In order to achieve the above object, the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention comprises a processing container having an earth and sand inlet in the upper part and a earth and sand outlet in the lower part and a material shaft, as described in claim 1. The shaft is held by the processing container so as to be substantially vertical and rotatable around the material axis, and an impact applying member having a proximal end attached to the peripheral surface of the shaft. The introduced earth and sand communicates with an impact applying mechanism configured to spontaneously fall into a swiveling range of the impact applying member accompanying the rotation of the shaft, and an internal space of the processing container extending to a position below the impact applying member. As described above, the air flowing in from the air inlet formed in the processing container is communicated with the internal space of the processing container spreading to the upper position of the impact applying member via the exhaust port formed in the processing container. An evacuation means for discharging from the processing vessel, and a clotting block blocking means capable of blocking the passage of the clotting while allowing air to flow is disposed in the vicinity of the exhaust opening, and relative to the exposed surface of the clotting block blocking means. Slidable scraping means, and a driving mechanism capable of moving the soil block blocking means and the scraping means relative to each other while maintaining the sliding state thereof.

  In the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention, an air supply means for supplying air to the internal space of the processing container is connected to the air inlet.

  In the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention, the scraping means is constituted by a scraper.

  In the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention, the mass block means is constituted by a plurality of rods arranged in parallel so as to be separated from each other, and the scraper is constituted by a strip-like plate material and formed on the plate material. The rods are inserted through the insertion holes so as to be able to move forward and backward, and the drive mechanisms are connected to the rods so that the rods can reciprocate in the direction of their material axes.

  In the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention, the plate material is arranged so that the surface thereof is substantially parallel to the vertical surface.

  In the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention, a plurality of the plate materials are installed so as to be parallel to each other at a predetermined interval.

  In the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention, the rod is disposed so that the material axis direction is substantially vertical and the plate material is disposed so that the longitudinal direction is horizontal, and the plate material is disposed on the longitudinal side edge. Is inclined along the short direction so that one of the two is lower than the other.

  In the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention, the rods are arranged in a staggered manner when viewed from the direction of the material axis.

  In order to perform soil crushing processing, mixing processing or crushing and mixing simultaneous processing using the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention, by rotating the shaft, the impact applying member is turned around the shaft of the shaft, The target sediment is introduced into the processing container through the sediment introduction port, and the exhaust means is operated.

  In this way, the earth and sand thrown in from the earth and sand introduction port naturally falls into the swiveling range of the impact imparting member and comes into contact with the impact imparting member. In the present invention, from the air inlet formed in the processing container so as to communicate with the internal space of the processing container extending to the lower position of the impact applying member. Since the inflowing air is exhausted from the processing container through the exhaust port formed in the processing container so as to communicate with the internal space of the processing container spreading to the upper position of the impact applying member, in the internal space of the processing container, Then, an air flow from the lower side to the upper side is formed, and the air flow becomes a resistance when the earth and sand or the lump falls, and reduces the falling speed thereof.

  Therefore, the number of times that the impact applying member collides with the earth and sand or the lump is increased, and thus a more uniform and fine crushing process is possible, and a mixing process with improved homogeneity is possible.

  On the other hand, small clots and parts of soil particles that have been crushed or scattered by the impact force from the impact imparting member are exhausted without being naturally dropped by the momentum of the impact or by being lifted by the upward air flow. Although it goes to the vicinity of the mouth, for relatively large ones, it will not be bounced off by the block blocking means and discharged out of the processing container, but soil particles will adhere to the block blocking means and if left untreated, Eventually, the build-up thickness of the soil particles grows and obstructs the air flow.

  However, in the present invention, the scraping means is provided so as to be slidable relative to the exposed surface of the clod blocking means, and the clod blocking is performed by operating the drive mechanism as needed. The means and the scraping means are moved relative to each other.

  If it does in this way, a scraping means will slide the exposed surface of a clot block means, and will scrape off the soil adhering and accumulating on the exposed surface of a clot block means by the driving force transmitted from the drive mechanism.

  Therefore, there is no possibility that the air circulation function of the soil block blocking means is lowered, and thus it is possible to prevent clogging and blockage in the vicinity of the exhaust port while preventing the passage of the soil block.

  The crushing and mixing in the present invention typically means a crushing and mixing simultaneous processing in which the scattering action at the time of crushing is exhibited while being crushed by an impact force, but when sufficiently crushed earth and sand are to be treated. Is mainly a mixing process by a scattering action when an impact force is applied, and a crushing process by an impact force is mainly performed when homogeneous earth and sand is a processing target. For this reason, the crushing and mixing in the present invention includes not only simultaneous crushing and mixing processing but also crushing only and mixing only.

  In addition, mixing of earth and sand in the present invention includes not only mixing of earth and sand but also mixing of a material added to a solidifying material, an additive, activated carbon and other earth and sand with earth and sand.

  The impact imparting member is capable of revolving around the rotation axis of the shaft by rotating the shaft to which the base end side is attached, and imparting impact to the earth and sand introduced into the processing container by the revolving operation. For example, the structure and shape are arbitrary. For example, the entire structure is formed of a rigid body or a flexible material, or a plurality of pieces of steel are connected one after another in the length direction, thereby being flexible as a whole. It can be configured to behave as a rigid body although it behaves as a material.

  More specifically, as an example in which the whole is constituted by a rigid body, the impact applying member is a steel rod material, and as an example of connecting a plurality of steel pieces one after another in a chain, the impact applying member is a steel rod. It is possible to mention the configuration as a chain made of metal.

  By the way, when the whole is made of a flexible material, or when connecting a plurality of steel pieces one after another in the length direction, the impact applying member is in a state where it hangs down from the shaft when the shaft is stationary. Sometimes it turns around the shaft of the shaft, and the earth and sand are crushed by the turning force.

  When turning, a plurality of impact imparting members can be installed so as to extend in a radial direction at predetermined angles, and a plurality of steps along the vertical direction are provided so that the naturally falling earth and sand can receive impact forces one after another. It is possible to arrange in

  As long as the exhaust means can draw air from the processing container through the exhaust port to form a flow of air from the bottom to the top in the processing container, the configuration of the exhaust means is arbitrary. For example, a blower and a duct having one end connected to the blower and the other end connected to the exhaust port of the processing container can be used. It should be noted that a sufficient flow rate is ensured so that the air flow from the lower side to the upper side in the processing container is not blocked by, for example, an impact applying member that rotates several hundreds per minute.

  Here, when the air is drawn out from the processing container by the exhaust means, the air may be naturally introduced into the processing container through the air inlet, but the air supply means for supplying the air into the processing container. Since the air can be forcibly fed into the internal space of the processing container that extends to the lower position of the impact applying member, the above-described air flow rate can be easily ensured, and the air flow can be ensured. It becomes possible to form.

  Like the exhaust means, the air supply means can be constituted by, for example, a blower and a duct having one end connected to the blower and the other end connected to the air inlet of the processing vessel.

  In order to more reliably form an air flow from the lower side to the upper side in the internal space of the processing container, the exhaust means and the air supply means are configured so that the exhaust flow rate is larger than the air supply flow rate. Is desirable.

  The clod blocking means may have any configuration as long as it can block the passage of the clod while allowing the air to flow, and for example, the lattice material is set so as to have an opening set in consideration of the size of the clod. It can be a lattice structure that is arranged vertically and horizontally, or can be an iron lattice structure that is formed by arranging horizontal bars or vertical bars so that the arrangement interval is set in consideration of the size of the clot.

  It should be noted that it is desirable to dispose the clod blocking means so as to block the exhaust port, but it is not necessary to attach it closely to the exhaust port when the air resistance increases and the air volume cannot be secured, although it is desirable to close the exhaust port. Alternatively, it may be arranged away from the exhaust port.

  As long as the scraping means is configured to be slidable relative to the exposed surface of the soil blockage blocking means, the configuration thereof is arbitrary. In the case of adopting a configuration in which the earth block blocking means is installed in the hole so as to be able to move back and forth almost horizontally, the container through hole formed in the processing container is perforated by moving the earth block blocking means in the horizontal direction with respect to the processing container. Since the opening edge slides on the exposed surface of the soil blockage means, it is possible to scrape the soil adhering to the exposed surface, and in this configuration, the processing container becomes the scraping means.

  Here, when the scraping means is composed of a scraper, maintenance inspection and replacement accompanying damage can be easily performed.

  The configuration of the scraper is optional, but the edge of the scraper can be configured to cover all the exposed surface of the clod blocking means so that the dirt deposited on the exposed surface of the clod blocking means can be scraped off reliably. Is desirable. For example, if the soil block means is a rod having a circular cross section, the scraper may be formed of a plate material having an insertion hole through which the rod is inserted so as to cover the entire peripheral surface of the rod.

  On the other hand, if the deposition growth range of soil particles is limited, the scraper does not have to be slidable on all exposed surfaces of the soil blockage means. For example, the soil particles are deposited on the upstream side of the air flow. If this is conspicuous, the scraper may be configured so as to be slidable only with respect to the exposed surface on the upstream side of the exposed surface of the mass block means.

  For example, if the earth block means is a rod having a circular cross section, it is sufficient that the scraper is slidable with respect to the semi-cylindrical circumferential surface facing the upstream side of the air flow among the circumferential surfaces of the rod.

  As long as the drive mechanism can relatively move both by driving at least one of the soil blocking means and the scraping means, which one is driven or both are driven. As long as it is optional and the frequency of scraping work may be small, it may be configured manually instead of hydraulically or electrically.

  As a specific configuration of the earth block blocking means, the scraper and the drive mechanism, for example, the earth block blocking means is configured by a plurality of rods arranged in parallel so as to be separated from each other, and the scraper is configured by a strip-shaped plate material and The rods are inserted through insertion holes formed in the plate material so as to be able to advance and retract, and the drive mechanism is connected to the rods so that the rods can reciprocate in the direction of the material axis. it can.

  According to such a configuration, the plurality of rods bounce off a mass having an outer diameter smaller than the arrangement interval thereof and stay in the processing container, and the plate member into which the rods are inserted has an opening edge portion of the insertion hole. Since it is in contact with the rod circumferential surface, the opening edge of the insertion hole formed in the plate material scrapes off the dirt particles adhering to the rod circumferential surface with the relative movement with the rod by the drive mechanism, and thus the lump It is possible to prevent clogging and blockage in the vicinity of the exhaust port while preventing the passage of air.

  Here, if a plurality of plate materials as scrapers are installed at a predetermined interval and parallel to each other, the stroke required for the rod is sufficient for the installation interval of the plate material, and the burden on the drive mechanism can be reduced. .

  Further, if the plate material which is a scraper is arranged so that the surface thereof is parallel to the vertical plane, it is possible to prevent the soil particles from being deposited on the scraper itself.

  In addition, the rod is arranged so that the material axis direction is substantially vertical and the plate material is arranged so that the longitudinal direction is horizontal, and the plate material is arranged in the short direction so that one of the long side edges is lower than the other. If it is tilted along the rod, it is necessary to arrange the rod vertically due to the installation situation of the drive mechanism and other reasons, and as a result, even if the plate material must be arranged horizontally, The accumulated soil particles slide down on the plate material by their own weight or by vibration when the drive mechanism is operated, so that it is possible to prevent the accumulation thickness of the soil particles from becoming excessively large.

  Also, if the rods are arranged in a zigzag shape when viewed from the direction of the material axis, the air flow path is secured in three dimensions to suppress an increase in air resistance, and when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the arrangement surface. Since it becomes possible to eliminate the apparent gap, most of the soil particles can be trapped on the rod in a form that adheres to the peripheral surface of the rod, and the amount of the soil particles passing through them can be greatly reduced. .

The vertical sectional view of the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment, (a) is a horizontal sectional view which follows an AA line, (b) is a horizontal sectional view which follows a BB line. It is sectional drawing of the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment, (a) is a horizontal sectional view which follows CC line, (b) is the arrow line view seen from the DD line direction. It is the figure which showed the effect | action of the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment, (a) is a vertical sectional view, (b) is a horizontal sectional view which follows an EE line. The front view which showed the scraper 34a which concerns on a modification. It is a figure of the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus which concerns on a modification, (a) is a horizontal sectional view of the exhaust port 24 vicinity, (b) is an arrow view seen from the FF line direction, (c) is the rod 61 and The GG line direction arrow line view which showed the engagement with the scraper 64. FIG. It is the figure which showed the arrangement | positioning condition which concerns on the modification of the multiple rod 31 or the multiple rod 61, (a) is sectional drawing seen from the material-axis direction, (b) is a HH line direction arrow view. Figure. The horizontal sectional view which showed the scraping means which concerns on a modification.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of an earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that components that are substantially the same as those of the prior art are assigned the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along lines AA and BB, and FIG. 3 is a line CC and D It is a horizontal sectional view which follows a -D line. As can be seen from these figures, the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment stacks the rectangular cylinder 2a, the cylindrical body 2b, and the rectangular cylinder 2c in order from the bottom so that their internal spaces are integrated. Thus, one cylindrical body is formed as the processing container 2 and the impact applying mechanism 3 is arranged in the internal space of the processing container.

  The impact applying mechanism 3 includes a shaft 4 held in the processing container 2 so that a material axis is substantially vertical and rotatable around the material axis, and a base end side is attached to a peripheral surface of the shaft. The steel chain 5 is used as an impact applying member. By rotating the shaft 4, the chain 5 is swung around the shaft of the shaft, and impact is applied to the earth and sand that freely falls into the swiveling range. It can be granted.

  Here, the shaft 4 rotates on the rotating shaft of the motor 7 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rectangular tube 2c at the upper end portion extending through the bearing 6 provided on the top plate of the rectangular tube 2c. The lower end is rotatably supported by a spoke-like bearing 9 which is connected via a drive mechanism 8 and is horizontally installed near the lower edge of the cylindrical body 2b.

  The chain 5 is a set of four chains attached to the peripheral surface of the shaft 4 at 90 ° intervals, and such groups are provided in four stages at different heights along the vertical direction. When the shaft 4 is stationary, it is hung from the shaft, but when the motor 7 is driven and the shaft 4 is rotated, the shaft 4 extends radially around the shaft of the shaft. It is designed to turn.

  Of the processing container 2, a sediment loading port 10 is formed on the side plate of the uppermost rectangular tube 2c, and the nose of the belt conveyor 11 is inserted into the sediment loading port to convey it by the belt conveyor. The earth and sand thus prepared can be put into the processing container 2, and the earth and sand discharge port 12 is formed in the side plate of the lowermost rectangular tube 2 a, and the tail of the belt conveyor 13 is formed in the earth and sand discharge port. By inserting and arranging the ends, the earth and sand that has been processed can be carried out of the processing container 2.

  Here, an air inlet 21 is formed on the side plate orthogonal to the side plate on which the earth and sand discharge port 12 is formed among the side plates of the lowermost rectangular tube 2a, and one end of the air inlet has one end. The other end of the duct 22 connected to the air supply blower 23 is connected in communication. By operating the air supply blower 23, the internal space of the rectangular tube body 2 a is connected via the air supply duct 22 and the air inlet 21. Air can be supplied.

  That is, the air supply blower 23 and the duct 22 function as an air supply unit that supplies air to the internal space of the processing container 2 that extends to a position below the impact applying mechanism 3.

  On the other hand, among the side plates of the uppermost rectangular tube 2c, an exhaust port 24 is formed on a side plate orthogonal to the side plate on which the earth and sand introduction port 10 is formed, and the exhaust port is provided with a dust collector 27. One end of the duct 25 is connected to the other end of the duct 25 that is connected to the intake blower 26. By operating the intake blower 26, the exhaust pipe 24, the duct 25, and the dust collector 27 can be used from the inner space of the rectangular tube 2c. Air can be sucked and discharged from the internal space.

  That is, the intake blower 26 and the duct 25 function as an exhaust unit that exhausts air from the internal space of the processing container 2 that extends to an upper position of the impact applying mechanism 3.

  Here, the dust collector 27 is interposed on the upstream side of the intake blower 26 as described above, and soil particles generated by the crushing action and the scattering action by the impact applying mechanism 3 are discharged from the exhaust port 24 to the duct 25. 1 and 3, the plurality of rods 31 are horizontally arranged so as to be separated from each other, as shown in FIGS. The lump produced by the crushing action or the scattering action of the impact applying mechanism 3 is bounced back and remains in the processing container 2.

  That is, the rod 31 allows passage of air discharged from the inside of the processing container 2 to the exhaust port 24, and blocks the passage of a relatively large soil block in advance prior to the dust collection operation by the dust collector 27. Functions as a blocking means.

  What is necessary is just to determine those arrangement | positioning pitches suitably for the rod 31 according to the size of the clot which wants to separate and remove.

  Here, a plurality of rods 31 are horizontally arranged in a state of being penetrated by a scraper 34 and a cylindrical body 2b as scraping means, and an end portion of the rod is installed on an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 2b. It is attached to a drive header 32 connected to hydraulic cylinders 33, 33 as a drive mechanism, and is configured to reciprocate in the horizontal direction via the drive header.

  The scraper 34 is formed by bending a strip-shaped plate material inward of the surface, and through the insertion hole 35 through which the plurality of rods 31 are inserted, and the peripheral surface in which the opening edge of the insertion hole is the exposed surface of the rod 31. The rod 31 is formed by the hydraulic cylinders 33 and 33 in a state in which the sliding state between the opening edge and the peripheral surface of the rod 31 is maintained. Are moved back and forth in the horizontal direction, so that the rods 31 can be advanced and retracted to scrape off the soil particles adhering to their peripheral surfaces.

  In order to crush and mix the earth and sand using the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 1 according to this embodiment, the shaft 5 is rotated by rotating the shaft 4 by the motor 7 and the chain 5 is turned through the earth and sand inlet 10 during the turning operation. Then, earth and sand are put into the processing container 2. The motor 7 may be driven so that the rotation speed of the shaft 4 is, for example, about 500 rpm.

  As the earth and sand thrown in via the belt conveyor 11, typically, the earth and sand to which a solidifying material and activated carbon are added for the purpose of simultaneous crushing and mixing are targeted. For example, earth and sand for the purpose of particle size adjustment are targeted, and when mixing is the main purpose, for example, earth and sand whose degree of crushing has sufficiently progressed and to which a solidifying material or activated carbon has been added is targeted.

  When such earth and sand is thrown into the processing container 2 through the earth and sand inlet 10 while turning the chain 5, the earth and sand naturally falls into the turning range of the chain 5 and comes into contact with the chain. Sediment is crushed into smaller clumps, and in some cases, soil that was heterogeneous due to the scattering action at the time of crushing is mixed into a more homogeneous state, or mixed into a more homogeneous state due to the scattering of sediment due to impact Is done.

  In addition to the turning operation of the chain 5 by the rotation of the shaft 4, the air supply blower 23 and the intake blower 26 are simultaneously operated.

  In this way, air is supplied to the lower position of the impact applying mechanism 3 via the duct 22 and the air inlet 21, and air is discharged from the upper position via the exhaust port 24 and the duct 25. In the internal space of the processing container 2, an air flow from the lower side to the upper side is formed.

  FIG. 4 shows the flow of air with a white arrow, and the falling direction of the introduced earth and sand with a black arrow. As can be seen from the figure, the upward air flow is And it becomes resistance when the earth lump falls, and those fall speeds are reduced. Therefore, the earth and sand that naturally fall and the number of impacts received from the chain 5 are increased and crushed or scattered to a sufficient extent, and as a result, a finer crushing process and a more homogeneous mixing process are possible.

  The earth or sand lump subjected to the two effects of the impact imparted by the chain 5 and the collision by the air flow falls on the belt conveyor 13 in a state of being more finely crushed or more homogeneously mixed, and the belt conveyor removes the earth and sand. It is recovered from the processing container 2 through the outlet 12.

  The collected soil is repeatedly carried out as necessary to increase the degree of crushing and mixing, and then loaded onto a dump truck and transported to a waste disposal site or a reuse site.

  On the other hand, a part of the small earth lump and soil particles scattered by the striking force from the chain 5 is not near the exhaust port 24 without being naturally dropped due to the momentum at the time of striking or being lifted by the upward air flow. However, among them, the clod is rebounded by the plurality of rods 31 and stays in the processing container 2, and the soil particles are collected by the dust collector 27.

  Here, when the earth lump headed to the vicinity of the exhaust port 24 is bounced back to the rod 31 or the soil particles try to pass through the gap between the rods 31 and 31 in the form of being entrained in the air, Particles adhere. If this is left unattended, soil particles accumulate on the peripheral surface of the rod 31 and grow, and eventually the gap between the rods 31 and 31 is narrowed to hinder the air circulation function.

  Therefore, the rod 31 is moved relative to the scraper 34 by operating the hydraulic cylinders 33 and 33 as needed.

  If it does in this way, the scraper 34 will slide on the surrounding surface of the rod 31, and will remove the dirt adhering and accumulating on the surrounding surface of the rod 31 with the driving force transmitted from the hydraulic cylinders 33 and 33.

  As described above, according to the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, in addition to the turning operation of the chain 5 by the rotation of the shaft 4, the air blower 23 and the intake blower 26 are used to introduce the internal space of the processing container 2. Since an air flow from the lower side to the upper side is formed, the falling speed of the introduced earth and sand and the lump is reduced by the resistance due to the upward air flow.

  Therefore, the number of impacts applied to the input soil from the chain 5 is increased, and thus the input soil is sufficiently crushed so that it can be finely crushed or is sufficiently scattered, so that it is highly homogeneous. The mixing process with the characteristic becomes possible.

  Moreover, according to the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the duct 22 and the air blower 23 which are the air feeding means are connected to the air inlet 21 so as to extend to the lower position of the impact applying mechanism 3. Since air is supplied to the internal space of the container 2, it is possible to reliably form an air flow from the lower side to the upper side in the processing container 2.

  Moreover, according to the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the scraper 34 is disposed so as to be slidable with respect to the peripheral surface of the rod 31, and the hydraulic cylinders 33 and 33 are operated at any time. Since the rod 31 is moved relative to the scraper 34, the scraper 34 slides on the peripheral surface of the rod 31 and adheres to the peripheral surface of the rod by the driving force transmitted from the hydraulic cylinders 33 and 33. Remove the accumulated soil.

  Therefore, there is no possibility that the air circulation function of the rod 31 is lowered, and thus it is possible to prevent clogging and blockage in the vicinity of the exhaust port 24 while preventing the passage of the clot.

  Moreover, according to the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, since the plurality of rods 31 are arranged horizontally, the arrangement form of the scraper 34 that scrapes off the soil particles adhering to the peripheral surface of the rods. Naturally, its surface is oriented parallel to the vertical plane.

  Therefore, there is no possibility that the soil thickness adheres to the scraper 34 itself and the deposition thickness grows.

  In this embodiment, the duct 22 and the air blower 23 which are air supply means are connected to the air inlet 21 so that air is forcibly sent into the internal space of the processing container 2 extending to a position below the impact applying mechanism 3. However, if air can be introduced into the processing container 2 via the air inlet 21 and an upward air flow can be formed only by operating the intake blower 26, The means may be omitted.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the impact imparting member was comprised with the chain 5, it replaces with the chain 5, for example, a rod material, a steel wire, a blade material etc. may be used, and a physical impact is applied to the earth and sand which fall naturally. If it is possible, the configuration and form of the impact imparting member are arbitrary.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the processing container 2 is configured by the rectangular tube body 2a, the cylindrical body 2b, and the rectangular tube body 2c. Of course, instead of such separate assembly, an integral configuration is possible. Of course, the cross-sectional shape such as a cylinder or a square tube is an example, and it is needless to say that any cross-sectional shape can be adopted.

  In this embodiment, the rod 31 is inserted into the insertion hole 35 of the scraper 34 so that the opening edge of the insertion hole covers the entire peripheral surface of the rod 31. If there is a concern about adhesion of soil particles only on the lower half side of the rod 31, the strip-shaped plate material in which a semicircular cutout 35a is formed as shown in FIG. A scraper 34a may be employed, and the lower half of the rod 31 may be fitted into the notch.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the plurality of rods 31 are horizontally arranged below the exhaust port 24, but the earth block blocking means of the present invention is configured to be able to block the passage of the earth block while allowing the air flow. As long as it is configured, the configuration is arbitrary, and is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment.

  FIG. 6: is the horizontal sectional view of the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus which concerns on a modification, and the arrow view seen from the FF line direction. As shown in the figure, the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to the modified example has a plurality of rods 61 as the lump means means penetratingly arranged in the duct 22 near the exhaust port 21 so that their material axes are vertical. It is.

  Here, hydraulic cylinders 33, 33 are attached to the side of the outer peripheral surface of the duct 22, and the above-described plurality of rods 61 attach their upper ends to the drive header 62 connected to the hydraulic cylinders 33, 33. Thus, it is configured to reciprocate in the vertical direction via the drive header.

  Further, a scraper 64 made of a strip-shaped plate material is horizontally arranged in the upper and lower stages inside the duct 22, and the plurality of rods 61 described above are arranged when the hydraulic cylinders 33 and 33 are operated. Is inserted into the insertion hole so that the peripheral surface of the opening is slidable at the opening edge of the insertion hole 65 formed in the scraper 64.

  Here, the scraper 64 is inclined along the short direction so that one of the long side edges is lower than the other, as can be seen in FIG. 6 (c).

  In such a modification, the scraper 64 is installed in two upper and lower stages so as to be parallel to each other at a predetermined interval, so that the hydraulic cylinder 33 required to scrape off the dirt particles adhering to the peripheral surface of the rod 61 is provided. 33, the required stroke of the scraper 64 is not the entire length of the rod 61, but about half of the total length of the rod 61 in this modification, and thus the burden on the hydraulic cylinders 33, 33 is greatly reduced. Can do.

  In addition, since the scraper 64 is inclined along the short-side direction so that one of the long side edges is lower than the other, the soil particles deposited on the scraper 64 are caused by their own weight or the hydraulic cylinder 33. , 33 is slid down on the scraper as shown by the arrow in FIG.

  Therefore, it is possible to prevent the soil particle deposition thickness from becoming excessively large.

  Hereinafter, since the configuration other than the above-described configuration is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, the description thereof is omitted here. In the above-described modification, the plurality of rods 61 are arranged so that their material axes are vertical, but instead, they may be arranged so that their material axes are horizontal.

  In the present embodiment, the plurality of rods 31 or the plurality of rods 61 have been described as examples arranged in the same plane, but instead, the plurality of rods 31 or the plurality of rods 61 are arranged in the material axis direction. It can be set as the structure arrange | positioned in zigzag form seeing from.

  In such a modification, since the air flow path is three-dimensionally secured as shown in FIG. 7 (a), an increase in air resistance can be suppressed, and as shown in FIG. 7 (b), When viewed from the direction orthogonal to the arrangement plane, there is almost no gap.

  Therefore, most of the soil particles are captured by the rods in a form that adheres to the peripheral surfaces of the rod 31 and the rod 61, and the amount of the soil particles passing through them is greatly reduced. The burden can be reduced.

  Note that the arrangement form of the insertion holes formed in the scraper is also staggered so as to correspond to the staggered arrangement of the rod 31 and the rod 61.

  Further, in this embodiment, the scraping means is constituted by a scraper, but instead, the processing container itself can be used as the scraping means, and a configuration example thereof is shown in FIG.

  In the modification shown in the figure, a plurality of container through-holes 81 are formed in a cylindrical body 82 constituting a processing container so as to form a row in the horizontal direction, and the rod 31 can be moved forward and backward in the container through-hole. In such a configuration, the rod 31 is moved back and forth in the horizontal direction with respect to the cylindrical body 82 by reciprocating the rod 31 in the horizontal direction by the hydraulic cylinders 33 and 33.

  If it does in this way, the opening edge part of the container through-hole 81 will slide relatively on the exposed surface of the rod 31, and it will become possible to scrape the dirt adhering to the exposed surface of the rod 31 in this way.

  The cylindrical body 82 has the same configuration as the cylindrical body 2b except that the container through-hole 81 is perforated, and constitutes a processing container together with the rectangular cylinder 2a and the rectangular cylinder 2c. Description is omitted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus 2 Processing container 3 Impact applying mechanism 4 Shaft 5 Chain (impact applying member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Sediment inlet 12 Sediment outlet 21 Air inflow port 24 Exhaust port 31, 61 Rod (soil block means)
33 Hydraulic cylinder (drive mechanism)
34, 34a, 64 scraper (scraping means)
35, 35a Insertion hole 82 Cylindrical body (scraping means)

Claims (8)

A processing vessel provided with a sediment input port above and a sediment discharge port below, and a shaft held in the processing vessel so that the material axis is substantially vertical and rotatable about the material axis And an impact imparting member having a base end side attached to the peripheral surface of the shaft, and configured so that the earth and sand introduced from the earth and sand introduction port naturally falls into a turning range of the impact imparting member accompanying the rotation of the shaft. The air that has flowed in from the air inlet formed in the processing container so as to communicate with the impact applying mechanism and the internal space of the processing container that extends to the lower position of the impact applying member spreads to the upper position of the impact applying member. And an exhaust means for exhausting from the processing container through an exhaust port formed in the processing container so as to communicate with the internal space of the processing container, and blocking passage of the soil mass while allowing air to flow. And a scraping means that is slidable relative to the exposed surface of the soil block blocking means, and sliding between the soil block blocking means and the scraping means. An earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus comprising a drive mechanism capable of relatively moving them while maintaining a state. The earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an air supply means for supplying air to the internal space of the processing vessel is connected to the air inlet. The earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the scraping means is a scraper. The soil block means is composed of a plurality of rods arranged in parallel so as to be separated from each other, the scraper is composed of a strip-shaped plate material, and the rods are inserted through insertion holes formed in the plate material so as to be able to advance and retract. 4. The earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the drive mechanism is connected to the rods so that the rods can reciprocate in the direction of their material axes. The earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the plate material is disposed so that a surface thereof is substantially parallel to a vertical surface. The earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the plate materials are installed so as to be parallel to each other at a predetermined interval. The rod is disposed so that the material axis direction is substantially vertical and the plate material is disposed so that the longitudinal direction is horizontal, and the plate material is disposed in the short direction so that one of the long side edges is lower than the other. The earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus is inclined along the line. The earth and sand crushing and mixing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the rods are arranged in a staggered manner when viewed from the direction of the material axis.

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