JP5690622B2 - Threshing device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a threshing device used for a combiner, a harvester, and the like, and more particularly, to a dust feeding guide that is provided on the surface side of a handling chamber and adjusts the transfer speed of the processing product by guiding the processing material flowing into the handling chamber.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a threshing device is known in which a dust feed guide is provided on the inner surface side of a handling chamber to adjust the transfer speed of the treated product by contacting the treated product flowing in the handling chamber. The dust feed guide is rotatably supported by a pivot shaft, and the dust feed guide can be adjusted in opening degree to adjust the transfer speed of the processed material in the handling chamber (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). ).

  The thing of patent document 1 connects a spring to the said dust feeding guide, and this dust feeding guide contacts the processed material transferred spirally with rotation of a handling cylinder, and the pressing force from this processed material The direction (opening) is adjusted so that (load) and the urging force of the spring are balanced, and the transfer speed is automatically adjusted according to the load from the workpiece.

  The thing of patent document 2 sets a threshold value from the amount of grain collect | recovered with the spout sensor provided in the spout which sends a grain to a grain tank, and discharge | emission provided in the dust outlet and the exhaust passage When the amount of grain detected by the amount detection sensor is equal to or greater than a set threshold, the opening of the dust feed guide is adjusted by the motor.

JP 2007-222124 A JP 2010-187641 A

  The thing of patent document 1 which performs rotation control of a dust feeding guide with a spring has the operation tool which sets the initial opening degree of a dust feeding guide in the upper part of a threshing part, and its operativity was bad and operation was troublesome. In particular, a large combine may make it difficult for the operator to reach the operating tool directly, the opening of the dust feed guide may not be set properly, and the initial position of the dust feed guide during operation. It was difficult to change.

  Moreover, since the thing of patent document 2 automatically controls a dust feeding guide by a motor drive according to the grain amount detected with the spout sensor, it is excellent in setting operativity and the optimal opening degree of a dust feeding guide. However, for example, when the threshing load suddenly increases due to, for example, the cereals flowing into the handling room as a lump, the response is slow, and an immediate threshing load response is impossible.

  Therefore, the present invention makes it easy to set the initial opening of the dust feed guide, and even if the threshing load suddenly increases, the rotation of the dust feed guide can be adjusted immediately according to the threshing load. An object of the present invention is to provide a threshing device that performs control and solves the above-described problems.

The present invention relates to a threshing device (7) in which a dust feeding guide (29) is arranged in a handling chamber (9).
First adjusting means (39) for adjusting the angle of the dust feeding guide (29) corresponding to the load received from the processed material in the handling chamber (9);
Second adjusting means (41, 56) for setting an initial opening position by the first adjusting means (39) by means of an actuator (46);
A sensor (48) for detecting the angle of the dust feed guide (29) by the first adjusting means (39), and a determination means for determining whether the threshing load is overloaded based on the detection result of the sensor (48). (50) and a controller (50) for controlling the second adjusting means (41, 56) so that the dust feeding guide (29) is on the open side when the determining means determines that the load is overloaded. And comprising.

  The first adjusting means (39) is a spring (39) that acts on the dust feed guide (29) with an urging force corresponding to a load received from the processed material.

  In addition, although the code | symbol in the said parenthesis is for contrast with drawing, it does not have any influence on description of a claim by this.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the dust feed guide has a first adjustment means for adjusting the angle of the dust feed guide in response to a load received from the workpiece, and an initial opening position by the first adjustment means. And the second adjusting means for setting the actuator by means of the actuator, the opening degree of the dust feed guide is automatically adjusted by the first adjusting means according to the load received from the processed material flowing into the handling chamber, In addition, the initial opening degree of the dust feed guide can be easily adjusted by operating the second adjusting means with an actuator. In addition, when it is determined that the threshing load acting on the dust feed guide is in an overload state based on the detection result of the sensor that detects the angle of the dust feed guide, the dust feed guide opens the second adjusting means. Because it is controlled to be on the side, it can reduce the load that acts on the dust guide automatically without troublesome operations, reduce the threshing load, reduce the required power, and improve the energy saving effect it can.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the first adjusting means is a spring that acts on the dust feeding guide with an urging force corresponding to the load received from the processed material, the dust feeding guide has a relatively simple structure. It retreats and rotates according to the load from the processed material, and the threshing load can be adjusted appropriately.

The top view which shows the combine which mounts the threshing apparatus to which this invention is applied. The top view which shows the threshing apparatus part. Sectional drawing which shows the handling chamber part of the threshing apparatus. The top view which shows the dust feeding guide apparatus. The front view. The side view. FIG. FIG. The block diagram which shows the control. The flowchart. The top view which shows the dust feeding guide apparatus by outside embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the combine 1 includes a traveling machine body 2 supported by a crawler, and a pre-processing unit 3 is disposed in front of the traveling machine body 2 so as to be movable up and down. The traveling machine body 2 has a driving operation unit 4 and an engine disposed on one side thereof, a grain tank 5 and a discharge auger 6 for discharging grains in the grain tank disposed behind the traveling machine body 2, and a threshing device disposed on the other side. 7 is arranged.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the threshing device 7 has a handling chamber 9 having a built-in handling cylinder 8 in the upper portion, and the handling chamber 9 is partitioned from a sorting unit by a receiving net 10. A feed chain 11 is disposed on the outside of the handling chamber 9, and can be transported with the cereals being held between the holding rails 12. The upper part of the handling chamber 9 is covered with a threshing cover 13, and the threshing cover 13 is rotatably supported by a pivot shaft 14 on the inner side of the machine body and can open the upper part of the handling chamber 9 together with the handling cylinder 8. . On the outside of the threshing cover 13, the holding rail 12 is arranged to be biased by a spring 15, and a rail cover 16 is arranged.

  The upper outer corner of the threshing cover 13 is formed with a recess 18 for accommodating the front and rear dust feed guide devices 17, 17 according to the present invention, and the cover body 19 is fixed to the fixing bolt 20 above the recess 18. And the knob 21 is detachably attached. The cover body 19 has a hinge structure, and the outside can be opened by removing the knob 21.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the handling chamber 9 is provided with a handling chamber entrance plate 22 on the front side, and the handling cylinder 8 is supported by the handling chamber front plate 23 and the handling chamber rear plate 24. A first fixed guide 25, a second fixed guide 26, a third fixed guide 27 and a fourth fixed guide 28 are provided inside the handling chamber 9 of the threshing cover 13. Two dust guide devices 17 are arranged in parallel in the direction. The handle 8 has a large number of teeth 8a, and is rotated in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 3 so that a processed product made of grain and swarf etc. threshed from the kernel by the teeth 8a, It is transferred in a spiral shape from the front to the rear while being rotated by the handle cylinder 8 in the handling chamber 9. During the transfer of the processed material, the first to fourth fixed guides 25 to 28 and the dust feeding guides 29 and 29 of the dust feeding guide devices 17 and 17 control the flow of the processed material. In the embodiment of the present invention, the two dust feeding guide devices 17 and 17 having the same structure are provided, but one or a plurality of dust feeding guide devices 17 and 17 may be provided. Since they have the same structure, only one of them will be described and the description of the other will be omitted.

  Next, the dust feeding guide devices 17 and 17 which are the main parts of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the dust feeding guide device 17, an upper plate 30 is fixed to a lower plate 31 with bolts 32 to form a space S therein, and an operating portion 33 is disposed in the space S. Further, the bottom of the lower plate 31 is fixed to the threshing cover 13 which is the bottom surface of the recess 18 with bolts.

  The dust feed guide 29 is formed of a flat plate, and a rotation support shaft 34 is fixed to a position biased to one of the longitudinal directions (upstream in the rotation direction of the handling cylinder). The dust feed guide 29 is fixed to the lower plate 31 so as to be adjustable in rotation. A boss 36 is non-rotatably fitted to the upper part of the bearings 35, 35 on the rotation support shaft 34, and an arm plate 37 is integrally fixed to the boss 36. A pin 38 is implanted in the front. A coil portion 39a of a torsion coil spring 39 is fitted and inserted into the boss 36, and the boss 36 and the spring 39 are prevented from being pulled out by a bolt 40 and a washer screwed to the rotating support shaft 34.

  One end arm portion 39b of the spring 39 is hooked and locked to the pin 38, and the other end arm portion 39c is locked to a locking member 41 for opening setting.

  A boss portion 43 made of an inner race is rotatably supported on the lower plate 31 via a bearing 42, and the rotation support shaft 34 is supported inside the boss portion 43 via the bearings 35, 35. Has been. A sector gear 44 is integrally fixed to the boss portion 43, and the sector gear 44 is integrally fixed to the L-shaped locking member 41 having a groove for fixing the arm portion 39c of the spring 39 on the upper portion thereof. In addition, the sector gear is engaged with a motor output gear 47 (pinion) provided on an output shaft of a motor (actuator) 46 supported by the lower plate 31 via bolts and a collar 45, and the motor 46 is driven forward and reverse. 44 can be adjusted to a predetermined rotational position.

  Accordingly, the locking member 41 constitutes second adjusting means for setting the initial opening position of the dust feeding guide via the spring 39 constituting the first adjusting means, and the second adjusting means. (41) is adjusted by an actuator comprising the motor 46, and the actuator 46 is controlled by, for example, automatic control by a switch or a sensor arranged in the driving operation unit 4. The actuator 46 is not limited to an electric motor, but may be other actuators such as a hydraulic motor, a transmission linear actuator, and a hydraulic linear actuator. The sensor uses a vehicle speed sensor in this embodiment, but the vehicle speed The sensor is not limited to a sensor, and any sensor that can detect how much the threshing load is, such as the amount of transported culm and the rotation speed of the barrel, may be used.

  A potentiometer 48 is disposed on the upper plate 30, and the potentiometer 48 has a detection shaft 48 a that protrudes to the lower side (the space S side) of the upper plate 30. A potentiometer arm 49 is integrally fixed so that the rotation fulcrum (rotation support shaft 34) of the dust guide coincides with the rotation fulcrum. The potentiometer arm 49 is in contact with the pin 38 that rotates integrally with the dust feed guide 29, so that the rotation angle of the dust feed guide 29 can be detected.

  FIG. 9 shows a control block diagram in the present embodiment, and the combine 1 is composed of a microcomputer (including a CPU, ROM, RAM, etc.) and includes a control unit 50 constituting the control block diagram. The controller 50 includes a dust feed guide automatic control switch 51 for determining whether or not the opening degree of the dust feed guide 29 is automatically set according to the vehicle speed, and the dust feed guide 29 manually when the switch 51 is off. A signal from a dust feed guide manual dial 52 that can change the opening degree of the vehicle, a vehicle speed sensor 53 that detects the vehicle speed, and a potentiometer 48 that detects the retraction angle of the dust feed guide 29 is input, and the switch 51 and the dial 52 Is disposed in the driving operation unit 4. In response to these signals, the control unit 50 drives and controls the motor 46 to set the opening of the dust feed guide 29.

  Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, based on the operation of the combine 1, the harvested culm is conveyed from the front side to the rear side by the feed chain 11 while being sandwiched between the holding rails 12, and is handled. It is carried into the room 9. In the state where the handling cylinder 8 of the threshing device 7 is rotating in the direction of arrow A, the cereals that have been carried are threshed at the tip of the handling cylinder 8, and the threshed grains and straw scraps are treated by the handling cylinder 8. Rotating and rotating, it is transferred from the front to the rear in a spiral shape and is subjected to a degranulation process. Processed products such as threshed grains and straw scraps are transferred from the front side to the rear side while being guided by the fixed guides 25 to 28 and the dust feed guides 29 and 29, and the transfer speed of these processed products is determined by the dust feed guide. It is adjusted by the opening degree of 29,29.

  In the case of automatic control in which the automatic control switch 51 is turned on, the vehicle speed sensor 53 detects the vehicle speed, and the control unit 50 that receives the signal controls forward / reverse driving of the motor 46 according to the vehicle speed. That is, when the vehicle speed is low, the amount of the processed material flowing into the handling chamber 9 is small. Therefore, when the vehicle speed is fast, the amount of the processed material flowing into the handling chamber 9 is small. Since there are many, the initial opening degree adjustment of the dust feeding guide 29 is automatically performed on the relatively open side, for example, in nine stages.

  When the automatic control switch 51 is turned off, the automatic control is turned off to enter the manual control state. In the manual control, by operating the dust feed guide manual dial 52 arranged in the driving operation unit 4, the control unit 50 that has received the signal controls the forward / reverse driving of the motor 46, and even during work. The initial opening degree of the dust feed guide 29 can be easily adjusted.

  In the automatic control or manual control, a signal from the control unit 50 is output to the drive motor 46, and the motor 46 is rotated forward or reverse. The locking member 41 integral with the sector gear 44 is rotated by forward / reverse rotation of the motor 46, and the pin 38 rotating integrally with the dust feed guide 29 is rotated via the spring 39. The potentiometer 48 detects the rotation angle, and the control unit 50 adjusts and controls the initial opening position of the dust feed guide 29 (second adjusting means).

  When the dust feed guide 29 is on the open side, the transfer speed from the front to the back of the processed product is increased, and when the dust feed guide 29 is on the closed side, the transfer speed of the processed product is decreased. The time (threshing time) of the processed material accumulated inside becomes longer. Due to the spiral transfer of the processed material accompanying the rotation of the handling cylinder 8, a pressing force (load) from the processed material acts on the dust feed guide 29, and the load increases when the processed material in the processing chamber 9 is large. To do. The dust feed guide 29 autonomously rotates to a position where the load from the workpiece and the urging force of the spring 39 are balanced with respect to the initial opening position by the second adjusting means, and the inside of the handling chamber 9 The retraction angle is adjusted according to the amount of the processed material and the load from the processed material based on the state of the processed material due to the wetting material or the like (first adjusting means).

  In addition, when the sector gear 44 that transmits the motor drive contacts the upper plate 30, the rotation range is restricted, and the upper limit and the lower limit of the initial opening of the dust feed guide 29 are restricted. In addition, the potentiometer arm 49 is also in contact with the upper plate 30 in the same manner, whereby the maximum retraction angle of the dust feed guide 29 is regulated.

  FIG. 10 shows a flowchart of the load control of the dust feed guide in the present embodiment. In addition to the automatic control based on the vehicle speed sensor 53 described above, or in place of the vehicle speed sensor 53, the automatic control by the load control is performed. Control is used.

  That is, the control unit 50 determines that an overload occurs when the state in which the dust feeding guide 29 is retracted and rotated from the initial opening position by a predetermined value (predetermined angle) or more by the potentiometer 48 for a predetermined time. The predetermined value and the predetermined time are arbitrarily set to, for example, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees,..., 1 second, 2 seconds, 3 seconds,. In addition, you may determine with an overload by the frequency | count of retracting rotation more than predetermined value per unit time.

  When it is determined that the load is overloaded as described above (YES in FIG. 10), the control unit 50 controls the motor 46 to open to the opening side, and the opening degree of the dust feed guide 29 is adjusted to the opening side. If it is determined that the load is not overloaded (NO in FIG. 10), the control unit 50 controls the motor to close and returns the dust feed guide 29 to a position parallel to the cylinder rotation. When opening the dust feed guide 29, the maximum opening may be set suddenly, or the opening may be increased step by step in one or two steps. When returning the dust feed guide 29 to the closed side, it may be returned to the initial opening position instead of the position parallel to the cylinder rotation, and instead of returning to the position parallel to the cylinder rotation suddenly, the opening is stepwise. May be reduced.

  Further, the potentiometer 48 calculates how many times the overload state in which the dust feed guide 29 becomes greater than or equal to a predetermined retraction angle occurs within a predetermined time, that is, the frequency with which the dust feed guide 29 is overloaded. When it is determined that the frequency is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the actuator 46 is operated to control the second adjusting means (41) to be on the open side. Thereby, the overload of the grain conveyance by the dust feeding guide 29 is prevented. The overload prevention control is applicable to both automatic control and manual control. For example, in the automatic control based on the vehicle speed, when an overload is detected based on the rotation frequency of the dust feed guide 29, the opening of the dust feed guide with respect to the vehicle speed is changed to the open side. In manual control, when the overload is detected, the opening degree of the dust feed guide 29 relative to the manual dial 52 is changed to the open side.

  Next, the other embodiments will be described with reference to FIG. 11, but portions that are the same as those in the above embodiments are not illustrated, or the same reference numerals are given to the drawings, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

Okuchiri guide device 17 has an operating portion ₃₃ to 333 ₄ of the same configuration, the operation unit ₃₃ to 333 ₄ are arranged side by side in the thresher axis. Operation unit 33 _1, the rotary shaft 34, which integrally supports the Okuchiri guide 29 represented by the dashed line on Figure 11, through a supporting plate 54, a bearing 55, an arm plate 37, in this order The arm plate 37 is fixed integrally with the rotary support shaft 34. Each arm plate 37 is connected by a connecting plate 56 that constitutes a second adjusting means via a spring 39, and forms a parallel link together with a sector gear 44 and a support link 57 that are connected to the connecting plate 56, and has the same motion. do. Each operating unit ₃₃ to 333 _4, since the same is a configuration, description of the operation unit 33 ₁ only describes, other operating portion ₃₃ 2-33 ₄ will be omitted.

  The arm plate 37 and the connecting plate 56 are respectively provided with pins 38 and 57 for hooking a tension spring 39 constituting the first adjusting means, and the dust feed guide 29 is biased by the spring 39 in the closing direction. The connecting plate 56 is provided with a lower limit stopper 58, and the arm plate 37 biased in the closing direction comes into contact with the lower limit stopper 58 to restrict the rotation in the closing direction. The initial opening position is maintained. Further, the maximum opening of the dust feed guide 29 is regulated by an upper limit stopper 59 supported by the threshing cover 13.

  The connecting plate 56 moves back and forth (left and right in FIG. 11) by forward / reverse driving of the motor 46 via the sector gear 44 that transmits the driving of the motor 46.

  Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, the lower limit stopper 58 integral with the connecting plate 56 is moved forward and backward by the forward / reverse driving of the motor 46 so that the arm plate 37 urged in the closing direction is moved. The initial opening degree of the dust feed guide 29 that rotates and rotates integrally with the arm plate 37 and the rotation support shaft 34 is adjusted (second adjusting means). Then, with the initial opening as a reference, the dust feeding guide 29 autonomously retreats and rotates due to the balance between the load from the workpiece in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 8 and the urging force of the spring 39 (first adjusting means). ).

7 Threshing device 9 Handling chamber 17 Dust feed guide device 29 Dust feed guide 37 Arm plate 39 First adjusting means (spring)
41, 56 Second adjusting means (locking member, connecting plate)
44 Sector gear 46 Actuator (motor)
48 Potentiometer (sensor)
50 Control unit

Claims (2)

In the threshing device where the dust feeding guide is arranged in the handling chamber,
A first adjusting means for adjusting an angle of the dust feeding guide corresponding to a load received from the processed material in the handling chamber;
Second adjusting means for setting an initial opening position by the first adjusting means by an actuator;
A sensor for detecting the angle of the dust feeding guide by the first adjusting means; a determining means for determining whether the threshing load is overloaded based on a detection result of the sensor; and when the determining means determines that the load is overloaded A control unit that controls the second adjusting means so that the dust feeding guide is on the open side .
Threshing apparatus characterized by the above. The first adjusting means is a spring that acts on the dust feeding guide with an urging force corresponding to a load received from the processed material.
The threshing device according to claim 1.

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