JP5687137B2 - Reinforcement method for underwater structures - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for reinforcing underwater structure for reinforcing the plate-like fiber-reinforced plastics by water-curable resin adhered to underwater structures in-water structure.

  Conventionally, various methods have been proposed for reinforcing fiber structures by attaching fiber reinforced plastic to concrete structures (eg, piers, etc., referred to as “underwater structures” in this specification) in water. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional method for reinforcing an underwater structure. Reference numeral 200 denotes an underwater structure, and reference numeral 201 denotes an underwater curable resin applied to the surface of the underwater structure 200. Reference numeral 202 denotes a lattice-like fiber-reinforced plastic member embedded in the underwater curable resin 201. In order to sufficiently exert the adhesive strength of the underwater curable resin 201, the fiber reinforced plastic member 202 is strongly pressed against the underwater structure 200, and the underwater curable resin 201 and the fiber reinforced plastic member 202 are It was necessary to remove water from between the underwater curable resin 201 and the underwater structure 200 and bring them into close contact with each other.

JP 2002-155509 A JP 2007-9482 A

  By the way, since the viscosity of the above-mentioned underwater curable resin is very high, it is difficult to knead the main component of the underwater curable resin and the curing agent, and it takes time for the kneading or the kneading is insufficient. There was a problem that the adhesive ability of the underwater curable resin could not be pulled out sufficiently. In order to strengthen the reinforcement of the underwater structure, a plate-like fiber reinforced plastic member having a wide bonding area is used instead of the lattice-like fiber reinforced plastic member having a small bonding area as shown in FIG. However, it is difficult to contact the fiber reinforced plastic member and the underwater structure with a large area without any gaps because the viscosity of the water curable resin is very high. There was a problem that water remained between the underwater structure and the adhesive force was reduced, and the reinforcing effect could not be sufficiently exhibited.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for reinforcing an underwater structure that can solve the above-described problems.

The invention according to claim 1 is illustrated in FIG. 4, and is a plate-like fiber-reinforced plastic made of a concrete structure (hereinafter referred to as “underwater structure”) (3) in water with an underwater curable resin. (Hereinafter referred to as “FRP plate”) (4) is attached to reinforce the underwater structure (3).
As illustrated in FIG. 2, the piston (11) is driven in a state where the main component (A) and the curing agent (B) of the underwater curable resin are placed in the cylinder (10), and the discharge of the cylinder (10) is performed. A first step (see S1 in FIG. 1) for forming a kneaded product (D1) formed by kneading the main agent (A) and the curing agent (B) by extruding in a columnar shape from the outlet (10a);
The main component is obtained by driving the piston (11) in a state where the kneaded material (D1) extruded in the columnar shape is placed in the cylinder (10) and extruding it from the discharge port (10a) of the cylinder (10). A second step (see S2 in FIG. 1) for forming a kneaded product (D2) obtained by further kneading (A) and the curing agent (B);
As illustrated in FIG. 3, a plate-like underwater curable resin layer (D3) is obtained by pressing the kneaded material (D2) extruded in the columnar shape in the second step (S2) with rollers (20, 21). A third step of forming (see S3 of FIG. 1);
As illustrated in FIG. 3, a fourth step (see S4 in FIG. 1) of laminating the underwater curable resin layer (D3) on the FRP plate (4);
As illustrated in FIG. 4, by pressing the FRP plate (4) against the underwater structure (3) in a state where the underwater curable resin layer (D3) is in contact with the underwater structure (3), And a fifth step (see S5 in FIG. 1) for attaching the FRP plate (4) to the underwater structure (3).

The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the third step (S3)
A step (see S31 in FIG. 1) of arranging a plurality of kneaded materials (D2) extruded in a columnar shape in the second step (S2) in a substantially plate shape;
A step of making the surface substantially smooth by pressing the plurality of kneaded materials (D2) arranged in a substantially plate shape with rollers (20, 21) (see S32 in FIG. 1);
It is characterized by comprising.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fifth step (S5) is such that the thickness of the underwater curable resin layer (D3) is reduced. It is the process of pressing.

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a portion of the surface of the underwater structure (3) to which the FRP plate (4) is attached is formed by a water jet. The surface roughening step (see S11 in FIG. 1) is performed before the fifth step (S5) is performed,
The step of roughening the surface of the FRP plate (4) (see S10 in FIG. 1) is carried out until the fourth step (S4) is carried out,
The pressing of the FRP plate (4) to the underwater structure (3) in the fifth step (S5) is continuously performed from before the underwater curable resin is cured to after being cured,
The step of removing the underwater curable resin protruding from the FRP plate (4) by pressing the FRP plate (4) against the underwater structure (3) (see S6 in FIG. 1) It is performed until the resin is cured.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an opening area of the discharge port used in the second step (S2) is the first step (S1). It is characterized by being smaller than the opening area of the discharge port used in the above.

  Note that the numbers in parentheses are for the sake of convenience indicating the corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore the present description is not limited to the descriptions on the drawings.

  According to the first, second, fourth, and fifth aspects of the invention, even an underwater curable resin having a high viscosity is sufficiently kneaded by being extruded in a columnar shape from the discharge port of the cylinder by the first and second steps. be able to. As a result, the bonding ability of the underwater curable resin can be maximized, and the FRP plate can be firmly bonded to the underwater structure and reinforced. Moreover, the underwater curable resin can be kneaded only by moving the piston, and the kneading time is shortened. Further, according to the present invention, the underwater curable resin is first formed into a columnar shape so that the thickness is substantially uniform, and then is pressed into a plate shape by pressing with a roller. However, the surface and the back surface of the underwater curable resin layer can be made smoother than in the case where a nonuniform mass is suddenly pressed by a roller. Therefore, the underwater curable resin layer can be brought into close contact with the surface of the FRP plate (substantially smooth surface) or the surface of the underwater structure (substantially smooth surface) without leaving water. By reinforcing the adhesion to the underwater structure, the reinforcing effect can be sufficiently exerted.

  According to the invention of claim 3, water can be excluded from between the underwater curable resin layer and the underwater structure or between the underwater curable resin layer and the FRP plate. The adhesive strength of the layer can be increased.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of a method for reinforcing an underwater structure according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a state in which the first step and the second step are performed. FIG. 3 is a side view showing an example of a state in which the third step and the fourth step are performed. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a state in which the fifth step is performed. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating another example of a state in which the first step and the second step are performed. FIG. 6 is a front view showing an example of the structure of a roller device for carrying out the third step. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional method for reinforcing an underwater structure.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

The method of reinforcing an underwater structure according to the present invention is a surface of an underwater structure (meaning a concrete structure in water, such as a pier, etc., the same applies hereinafter) using a two-component mixed underwater curing resin. A plate-like fiber reinforced plastic (for example, aramid fiber reinforced plastic, referred to as “FRP plate” in this specification) is attached to the underwater structure to reinforce the underwater structure. The underwater structure reinforcing method according to the present invention includes at least the following steps. That is,
As illustrated in FIG. 2, the piston 11 is driven in a state where the main agent A and the hardener B of the underwater curable resin are placed in the cylinder 10, and the main agent A and the main agent A are discharged from the discharge port 10 a of the cylinder 10. A first step of forming a kneaded material (columnar primary kneaded material) D1 formed by kneading the main agent A and the curing agent B by extruding the curing agent B in a columnar shape (see S1 in FIG. 1).
The kneaded material D1 extruded in the columnar shape in the first step S1 is put into the cylinder 10 again, and in this state, the piston 11 is driven and extruded from the discharge port 10a of the cylinder 10 into the columnar shape, whereby the main agent A And a second step of forming a kneaded material (columnar secondary kneaded material) D2 obtained by further kneading the above-mentioned curing agent B (see S2 in FIG. 1).
As illustrated in FIG. 3, the surface of the kneaded material D2 is smoothed by pressing the kneaded material D2 extruded in the columnar shape in the second step S2 with the rollers 20 and 21, and the plate-like underwater curing is performed. Third step of forming the mold resin layer D3 (see S3 in FIG. 1)
A fourth step of laminating the underwater curable resin layer D3 on the FRP plate 4 (see FIG. 3 and S4 in FIG. 1).
A fifth step of attaching the FRP plate 4 to the underwater structure 3 by pressing the FRP plate 4 against the underwater structure 3 in a state where the underwater curable resin layer D3 is in contact with the underwater structure 3. (See FIG. 4 and S5 in FIG. 1)

  According to the present invention, even an underwater curable resin having a high viscosity can be sufficiently kneaded by being extruded in a column shape from the discharge port 10a of the cylinder 10 in the first and second steps S1 and S2. As a result, the bonding ability of the underwater curable resin can be maximized, and the FRP plate 4 can be firmly bonded to the underwater structure 3 for reinforcement. In addition, the underwater curable resin can be kneaded only by moving the piston 11, and the kneading time is shortened. Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the underwater curable resin is first formed into a columnar shape so as to have a substantially uniform thickness, and then pressed with rollers 20 and 21 to form a plate shape. The surface and the back surface of the underwater curable resin layer D3 can be made smoother as compared with a case where a lump with a non-uniform thickness is suddenly pressed with a roller. Accordingly, the underwater curable resin layer D3 can be brought into close contact with the surface of the FRP plate 4 (substantially smooth surface) and the surface of the underwater structure 3 (substantially smooth surface) without leaving water, By reinforcing the adhesion of the FRP plate 4 to the underwater structure 3, the reinforcing effect can be sufficiently exerted.

  Here, as a device for forming a columnar kneaded material in the first step S1 and the second step S2 (hereinafter referred to as “piston cylinder device”), a device driven by fluid pressure (for example, hydraulic pressure) is used. good. A piston cylinder device (kneading device) 1 shown in FIG. 2 has a cylinder 10 having a discharge port 10a and a piston arranged in the cylinder 10 so as to be slidable in a state of facing the discharge port 10a. 11, and when the piston 11 is driven in a state where the main agent A and the curing agent B of the underwater curable resin are placed in the cylinder 10, the main agent A and the curing agent B are discharged from the discharge port 10 a. Kneaded while being extruded in a columnar shape. In the piston cylinder device 1 illustrated in FIG. 2, a plurality of the discharge ports 10a are formed. However, one discharge port is not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

On the other hand, in the first step S1 and the second step S2, a piston cylinder device (kneading device) 100 as illustrated in FIG. 5 may be used. The piston cylinder device 100 includes:
A first cylinder 101 and a second cylinder 102 which are formed by being partitioned by a partition wall 103 (that is, each cylinder chamber is formed by partitioning by the partition wall 103);
A first piston 104 disposed in the first cylinder 101 so as to be capable of reciprocating while facing the partition wall 103;
A second piston 105 disposed in the second cylinder 102 so as to be able to reciprocate while facing the partition wall 103;
The partition wall 103 is formed with an opening 103a (referred to as a “discharge port” in this specification) for communicating the first cylinder 101 and the second cylinder 102. Now, when the main agent A and the curing agent B of the underwater curable resin are put into the first cylinder 101 and the first piston 104 is driven, they (that is, the main agent A and the curing agent B) are discharged to the discharge port 103a. To form a kneaded material D1. When the second piston 105 is driven after the driving of the first piston 104 is stopped, the kneaded material D1 pushed out in a columnar shape into the second cylinder 102 passes through the discharge port 103a and enters the first cylinder 101. It is extruded in a columnar shape and is further kneaded when being extruded. If this apparatus is used, even an underwater curable resin having a high viscosity can be sufficiently kneaded by being extruded in a columnar shape from the discharge port 103a. As a result, the bonding ability of the underwater curable resin can be maximized, and the FRP plate 4 can be firmly bonded to the underwater structure 3 for reinforcement. In addition, the general pot life of the two-component mixed underwater curable resin is as short as about 30 minutes, but if this apparatus is used, the material (that is, the kneaded product of the main agent A and the curing agent B) is transferred to the cylinder 101. Alternatively, kneading can be repeated simply by switching the driving of the first piston 104 and the second piston 105 without taking out from the inside 102, and the kneading operation can be completed in a short time. In the piston cylinder device 100 illustrated in FIG. 5, a plurality of the discharge ports 103a are formed. However, one discharge port is not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

  In the flow chart shown in FIG. 1, the first step S1 is performed once, the second step S2 is performed once, and the step of kneading the underwater curable resin is performed twice in total. However, it is of course not limited to this, and it may be performed three or more times. That is, the columnar kneaded material D2 obtained in the second step S2 may be put into the piston cylinder device again to perform remixing and columnarization, and the step may be repeated a plurality of times.

The opening area of the discharge port used in the second step S2 may be smaller than the opening area of the discharge port used in the first step S1, and the underwater curing type as described above. In the case where the resin is kneaded and columnarized three or more times, the opening area of the discharge port is preferably made smaller gradually. For this purpose, a plurality of piston cylinder devices having different opening areas of the discharge ports are prepared and used depending on the process, or a piston cylinder device having a structure in which the opening area of the discharge ports can be changed (one piston cylinder device) ) And the opening area may be changed as appropriate. For example, in the case of the piston cylinder device 100 illustrated in FIG. 5, the partition wall 103 is configured to be removable.
・ It can be replaced with other partition walls (not shown) having discharge openings with different opening areas,
・ It can be replaced with another partition wall (not shown) with different opening area and opening shape,
・ It can be replaced with other partition walls (not shown) with different opening shapes,
It is good to do.

On the other hand, in the third step S3, the roller device 2 illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 6 may be used. In addition, the code | symbols 20 and 21 in a figure show a roller, the code | symbols 22 and 23 in FIG. 3 show the roller support part which supports this roller 20 and 21 rotatably, the code | symbol 24 in FIG. A handle for rotating the roller 21 connected to one roller 21 is shown. And this third step S3 is
A step of arranging a plurality of kneaded materials D2 extruded in a columnar shape in the second step S2 and arranging them in a substantially plate shape (see S31 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 1);
A step of making the surface substantially smooth by pressing the plurality of kneaded materials D2 arranged in a substantially plate shape with the rollers 20 and 21 (see S32 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 1);
It is good to carry out by.

  Furthermore, in the fifth step S5, the FRP plate 4 may be pressed so that the thickness of the underwater curable resin layer D3 is reduced. For example, the thickness of the underwater curable resin layer D3 is preferably about 3 mm to 1 mm by the pressing. In such a case, water can be excluded from between the underwater curable resin layer D3 and the underwater structure 3 or between the underwater curable resin layer D3 and the FRP plate 4. The adhesive strength of the underwater curable resin layer D3 can be increased. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a state in which the FRP plate 4 is attached to the pier 3 as an underwater structure. A steel plate (not shown) is wound around the pier 3 from above the FRP plate 4, and the steel plate is preferably tightened with a bolt or rubber.

  By the way, as shown in S11 of FIG. 1, when the surface of the underwater structure 3 (specifically, the portion to which the FRP plate 4 is attached) is roughened by water jet (or shot blasting). good. This step is preferably performed until the FRP plate 4 is attached (that is, until the fifth step S5 is performed). In such a case, the adhesive force of the underwater curable resin layer D3 to the underwater structure 3 is increased, and the FRP plate 4 can be firmly adhered to the underwater structure 3.

Further, as shown in S10 of FIG. 1, the step of roughening the surface of the FRP plate 4 is performed until the fourth step S4 is performed (that is, the underwater curable resin layer D3 is formed on the FRP plate 4). It is better to carry out the process until it is laminated. In such a case, the adhesive force of the underwater curable resin layer D3 to the FRP plate 4 is increased, and the FRP plate 4 can be firmly bonded to the underwater structure 3. In addition, the following method can be mentioned as a method of roughening the surface of the FRP plate 4.
A method of applying a resin containing particles on the surface of the FRP plate 4, and a film (specifically, a release film) on the surface of the sheet until the FRP sheet is impregnated with the resin and the resin is cured. Through the film with its own weight or by applying an external force to a pressing die (comb-shaped projections or a product having a plurality of protruding protrusions such as a washing board) formed with a large number of protrusions. And pressing the sheet and removing the mold and film after the impregnated resin is cured

  Furthermore, the pressing of the FRP plate 4 to the underwater structure 3 in the fifth step S5 does not stop before the underwater curable resin layer D3 is completely cured, but the underwater curable resin layer D3 It is preferable to continue the process until after it is cured (that is, from before the underwater curable resin layer D3 is cured to after it is cured). In such a case, the FRP plate 4 is more firmly bonded to the underwater structure 3.

  Still further, the step of removing the underwater curable resin protruding from the FRP plate 4 by pressing the FRP plate 4 against the underwater structure 3 (see S6 in FIG. 1) protruded in the fifth step S5. It is good to carry out until the underwater curable resin is cured.

  In FIG. 4, the FRP plate 4 is attached in the vertical direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the FRP plate 4 may be attached in the lateral direction (for example, wound around the columnar underwater structure 3). .

  On the other hand, the above-mentioned underwater curable resin is mainly composed of a modified epoxy resin (for example, bisphenol A type liquid epoxy resin, titanium oxide or an inorganic filler as a component), and a modified polyamidoamine (for example, polyalkylene polyamine). Or modified alicyclic polyamine (containing polyalkylene polyamine, resole polycondensate, xylenediamine, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether adduct, etc.). It is good to use what was used as the agent.

  In this example, the steps shown in FIG. 1 were performed to reinforce the pier (see reference numeral 3 in FIG. 4). Hereinafter, each step will be described.

[Roughening of the surface of the underwater structure (S11 in FIG. 1)]
In this example, the surface of the pier (underwater structure) 3 to be reinforced and the portion to which the FRP plate 4 is attached was roughened by a water jet. The depth of the unevenness (treatment depth) was about 1 to 2 mm.

[Roughening of fiber-reinforced plastic (S10 in FIG. 1)]
On the other hand, a resin mixed with a predetermined amount of silica sand was applied (overcoated) to the surface of the FRP plate 4 to roughen the surface.

[First step (S1 in FIG. 1)]
In the cylinder 10 of the hydraulic piston cylinder device 1 shown in FIG. 2, the main component A (250 g) and the curing agent B (250 g) of an underwater curable resin were charged, and the piston 11 was driven. As a result, the main agent A and the curing agent B were extruded from the discharge port 10a while being kneaded to form a columnar shape.

[Second step (S2 in FIG. 1)]
The columnar kneaded material D1 obtained in the first step S1 was again put into the same cylinder 10, and the piston 11 was driven to form the columnar kneaded material D2 again. This operation was repeated several times to sufficiently knead the main agent A and the curing agent B.

[Third step (S3 in FIG. 1)]
As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of columnar kneaded materials D2 obtained by sufficiently repeating the second step S2 several times are arranged and arranged in a substantially plate shape (S31), and the surface thereof is smoothed by the roller device 2. (S32). The thickness of the underwater curable resin layer D3 was about 3 mm.

[Fourth step (S4 in FIG. 1)]
The underwater curable resin layer D3 was laminated on the FRP plate 4.

[Fifth step (S5 in FIG. 1)]
The underwater curable resin layer D3 was lightly pressed against the pier 3 to temporarily fix the FRP plate 4, and a pressing force was applied to the FRP plate 4 using a highly rigid steel plate (not shown) and a bolt screw (not shown). . In addition, the thickness of the underwater curable resin layer D3 became about 1 mm by this pressing force. Then, the underwater curable resin protruding from the FRP plate 4 is removed with a spatula or the like (S6 in FIG. 1), and the underwater curable resin is completely removed by curing in water for 5 to 7 days with the pressing force applied. Cured (S7 in FIG. 1).

3 Concrete structures (underwater structures)
4 Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP board)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cylinder 10a Discharge port 11 Piston 20, 21 Roller 100 Piston cylinder apparatus 101 1st cylinder 102 2nd cylinder 103 Partition 103a Discharge port 104 1st piston 105 2nd piston A Main agent of underwater curable resin B Curing of underwater curable resin Agent D1 Kneaded material D2 Kneaded material D3 Underwater curable resin layer

Claims (5)

A plate-like fiber reinforced plastic (hereinafter referred to as “FRP plate”) is affixed to an underwater concrete structure (hereinafter referred to as “underwater structure”) with an underwater curable resin to reinforce the underwater structure. In a method for reinforcing an underwater structure,
A kneaded product obtained by kneading the main agent and the curing agent by driving the piston in a state where the main component of the underwater curing resin and the curing agent are placed in the cylinder and pushing the piston out from the discharge port of the cylinder. A first step of forming;
A kneaded material obtained by further kneading the main agent and the curing agent by driving the piston in a state where the kneaded material extruded in a columnar shape is placed in a cylinder and extruding the column from the discharge port of the cylinder. A second step of forming;
A third step of forming a plate-shaped underwater curable resin layer by pressing the kneaded product extruded in a columnar shape with a roller in the second step;
A fourth step of laminating the underwater curable resin layer on the FRP plate;
A fifth step of attaching the FRP plate to the underwater structure by pressing the FRP plate against the underwater structure in a state where the underwater curable resin layer is in contact with the underwater structure;
A method for reinforcing an underwater structure, comprising: The third step includes
Arranging a plurality of kneaded materials extruded in a columnar shape in the second step and arranging them in a substantially plate shape;
A step of pressing the plurality of kneaded materials arranged in a substantially plate shape with a roller to substantially smooth the surface;
The method for reinforcing an underwater structure according to claim 1, comprising: The fifth step is a step of pressing the FRP plate so that the thickness of the underwater curable resin layer is reduced.
The method for reinforcing an underwater structure according to claim 1 or 2. The step of roughening the surface of the underwater structure and attaching the FRP plate with a water jet is performed until the fifth step is performed,
The step of roughening the surface of the FRP plate is performed until the fourth step is performed,
The pressing of the FRP plate to the underwater structure in the fifth step is continuously performed from before the underwater curable resin is cured to after being cured,
The step of removing the underwater curable resin protruding from the FRP plate by pressing the FRP plate against the underwater structure is performed until the protruding underwater curable resin is cured.
The method for reinforcing an underwater structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The opening area of the discharge port used in the second step is smaller than the opening area of the discharge port used in the first step.
The method for reinforcing an underwater structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the underwater structure is reinforced.

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