JP5687076B2 - Ventilation structure and building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation structure and a building.

  In the ventilation structure of Patent Document 1, a threading member and an auxiliary threading member are provided between an outer outer wall material and an inner outer wall material that form a parapet whose upper end is covered with a headboard. A ventilation path is formed between the members so that the space below the headboard communicates with the space inside the parapet.

Japanese Patent No. 4478433

  However, in the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, since there are a threading member and an auxiliary threading member, the ventilation path must be a double structure inside and outside, and the ventilation path is complicated. Furthermore, the ventilation path cannot be formed in a straight line between the outer wall material and the inner outer wall material from the headboard side, and it is necessary to make a long route by bypassing the outer wall material and the through member. did not become. For these reasons, the air flow rate was reduced and the ventilation performance was reduced.

  An object of the present invention is to obtain a ventilation structure and a building that can improve the ventilation performance in consideration of the above facts.

The ventilation structure according to the invention of claim 1 includes a first wall member standing on a flat roof of a building, a second wall member standing on the flat roof with a gap from the first wall member, An upper rail that covers the space between the upper end of the first wall member and the upper end of the second wall member, a wall facing the first wall member or the second wall member, and a guide rail provided on the wall And a cap member that covers an upper end of the first wall member, the second wall member, and the upper rail, the head member, the first wall member, and the second wall member. And a first ventilation part formed between the upper rail and through which air flows, a bottom wall in which a through hole is formed, and an end of the bottom wall projecting from the inside or outside of the building to the difference. includes a projecting portion to be inserted into the write unit, and a draining piece cut extending water to a position covering the through hole in the integrated plan view and the overhanging portion, said first vent Are arranged, the a draining material for blocking the ingress of water into the first vent with vent through the through-hole is performed, is formed on the crosspiece, with the first vent portion, the first wall member And a second ventilation part that communicates with the internal space sandwiched between the second wall members.

  In the ventilation structure according to the first aspect of the invention, water is removed by the draining material, and outside air flows into the first ventilation portion. And the external air which flowed into the 1st ventilation part flows through the 2nd ventilation part formed in the upper cross, and flows into the internal space pinched | interposed by the 1st wall material and the 2nd wall material. As a result, the ventilation path is simpler and the length of the ventilation path is shorter than the configuration having a ventilation path that bypasses the outside of the upper rail and goes to the inside of the building. Performance can be improved.

Ventilation structure according to the invention of claim 2, wherein the draining material is perforated, and the side wall as part of the protruding portion and a second side wall facing the upright on the bottom wall to the first side wall and, wherein the outer side of the second side wall attached first elastic member having elasticity, the first elastic member is sandwiched between the first wall member and the second side wall.

  In the ventilation structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, the first elastic member attached to the second side wall of the draining material when the headboard member is attached so as to cover the upper ends of the first wall member, the second wall member, and the upper rail. Is pressed against the first wall member, so that the head member is attached. In this attachment structure, since no adhesive or screws are used, it is possible to easily attach and remove the head member and the draining material. Furthermore, since the pressed first elastic member seals between the first wall material and the second side wall, it is possible to suppress water from entering the first ventilation portion.

  The ventilation structure which concerns on invention of Claim 3 is provided with the fixing bracket which fixes the said headboard member in the said upper crosspiece.

  In the ventilation structure according to the invention of claim 3, since the upper surface of the upper rail is larger in area than the upper end surfaces of the first wall material and the second wall material, the mounting area of the fixing bracket is increased to fix the headboard member. The state can be stabilized.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ventilation structure in which the ventilation is performed closer to the second ventilation portion than the draining material in the first ventilation portion, and blocking of water intrusion into the second ventilation portion is blocked. A member is provided.

  In the ventilation structure according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the blocking member for blocking water ingress is provided between the draining material and the second ventilation portion, the water that cannot be blocked by the draining material is blocked. And intrusion of water into the second ventilation portion can be suppressed.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a second elastic member having elasticity is pressed between the blocking member and at least one of the first wall member, the second wall member, and the upper rail. Is provided.

  In the ventilation structure according to the fifth aspect of the invention, the second elastic member seals between the blocking member and at least one of the first wall member, the second side wall, and the upper crosspiece. Infiltration of water can be suppressed.

  In the ventilation structure according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the cap member is provided with an opening / closing portion that exposes the blocking member when opened and covers the blocking member when closed.

  In the ventilation structure according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, even after the head member is attached, the blocking member is exposed by opening the opening / closing member, so that the blocking member can be easily replaced.

In the ventilation structure according to the invention of claim 7, a lower side wall is erected at an end portion of the bottom wall, and another part of the overhanging portion extends from the upper end of the lower side wall to the inside or outside of the building. As the first overhang, the first side wall is erected on the first overhang, and the second overhang extends from the first side wall to the outside or the inside of the building. The draining piece extends from an end of the second overhanging portion, and from the upper end of the second side wall, a third overhanging portion projects over the inside or outside of the building, and the bottom wall, The lower side wall, the first overhang portion, the first side wall, the second overhang portion, the draining piece, the second side wall, and the third overhang portion are integrally formed. Building according to the invention of claim 8 includes a ventilating structure as claimed in any one of claims 7, and a precursor for supporting the flat roof.

In the building according to the invention of claim 8 , since the ventilation performance on the ceiling side is improved, ventilation between the inner wall and the outer wall communicating with the ceiling can be performed, so that the ventilation performance of the entire building is improved. Can do.

  As described above, the ventilation structure according to the present invention described in claim 1 has an excellent effect that the ventilation performance can be improved.

  According to the ventilation structure of the present invention as set forth in claim 2, it has an excellent effect of facilitating the mounting work of the head member and draining material and suppressing the intrusion of water into the first ventilation part. .

  According to the ventilation structure which concerns on this invention of Claim 3, it has the outstanding effect that the fixed state of a coping member can be stabilized.

  According to the ventilation structure which concerns on this invention of Claim 4, it has the outstanding effect that the permeation of the water to a 2nd ventilation part can be suppressed.

  According to the ventilation structure which concerns on this invention of Claim 5, it has the outstanding effect that the permeation of the water to a 2nd ventilation part can be suppressed.

  According to the ventilation structure which concerns on this invention of Claim 6, it has the outstanding effect that replacement | exchange of an interruption | blocking member can be performed easily.

According to the ventilation structure which concerns on this invention of Claim 7, it has the outstanding effect that attachment of a draining material can be performed easily. According to the building which concerns on this invention of Claim 8 , it has the outstanding effect that the ventilation performance of the whole building can be improved.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a part of a unit building according to the first embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the ventilation part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (A), (B) It is a perspective view of the draining material which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (A)-(C) It is explanatory drawing which shows the attachment process of the head member which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the ventilation state in the ventilation part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (A) It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the ventilation part which concerns on another 1st Example. (A) It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the ventilation part which concerns on another 2nd Example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the ventilation part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. (A), (B) It is a perspective view which shows the open / close state of the shutter member which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the ventilation state in the ventilation part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

(First embodiment)
The ventilation structure and building which concern on 1st Embodiment of this invention are demonstrated.

  FIG. 1 shows a part of a unit building 10 as an example of a building according to the first embodiment. The unit building 10 is constructed by assembling a plurality of building units 12 including floor beams 14, ceiling beams 16, and columns (not shown) as an example of a housing on a foundation (not shown). . For the floor beam 14 and the ceiling beam 16, channel steel (grooved steel) having a U-shaped cross section is used.

  Here, the ceiling beam 16 is assembled in a rectangular frame shape to constitute a ceiling frame, and the floor beam 14 is assembled in a rectangular frame shape to constitute a floor frame. A pillar is erected between the ceiling frame and the floor frame. A veranda 20 is provided at the top of the unit building 10, and the veranda 20 is supported by floor beams 14, ceiling beams 16, and columns (not shown).

  The veranda 20 includes a land roof 22 and a ventilation portion 30 as an example of a ventilation structure standing on the outer edge of the land roof 22. The flat roof 22 includes a floor beam 14 provided at the uppermost portion of the unit building 10, a floor plate 18 attached to the upper surface of the floor beam 14, a heat insulating material 24 placed on the upper surface of the floor plate 18, and a heat insulating material 24. And a waterproof sheet 26 covering the upper surface.

  On the other hand, the ventilation unit 30 includes an inner wall material 34 as an example of a first wall material, an outer wall material 36 as an example of a second wall material, a waist wall upper rail 38 as an example of an upper rail, an inner wall material 34, The headboard member 42 that covers the outer wall member 36 and the waist wall upper bar 38, a draining member 44, and a first ventilation part 46 and a second ventilation part 48 described later are configured.

  Specifically, a waist wall 32 is erected on the outer surface of the floor beam 14 in the ventilation unit 30. A flat plate-like inner wall member 34 is attached to the inner side surface of the waist wall 32, and a flat plate-like outer wall member 36 is attached to the outer side surface of the waist wall 32. Further, the lower end surface of the inner wall member 34 is positioned above the upper end surface of the floor plate 18 by a predetermined distance (in the direction of arrow Y), and the inner side surface of the waist wall 32 is below the lower end surface of the inner wall member 34. A waterproof base 35 is assembled to the base. Illustrations of bolts, nuts and the like used for attaching each member are omitted.

  The inner wall material 34 and the outer wall material 36 are disposed to face each other with a gap in the direction from the outer side to the inner side of the unit building 10 (the arrow X direction in the drawing is the horizontal direction). A waist wall upper bar 38 is provided so as to cover between the upper end portion of the inner wall member 34 and the upper end portion of the outer wall member 36 (between the inner wall member 34 and the outer wall member 36).

  As an example, the waist wall upper bar 38 is made of channel steel having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and a flat portion 38A covering the space between the inner wall material 34 and the outer wall material 36 has a through-hole penetrating in the arrow X direction. 38B is formed. The through hole 38B is formed at the center of the flat portion 38A, but is not limited thereto, and may be formed close to one end side in the arrow X direction. Further, a cap end fitting 52 as an example of a fixing bracket for fixing the cap member 42 is attached to a portion excluding the through hole 38B of the flat portion 38A by fastening means (not shown) such as a screw.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cap metal clasp 52 includes a convex portion 52 </ b> A that is formed in a convex shape in the direction of the arrow Y and whose upper surface is inclined according to the inclination of the cap member 42, and a convex portion in the arrow X direction. Attaching portions 52B and 52C each extending outwardly from both ends of 52A, and inclined portions 52D and 52E extending obliquely upward from opposite sides of the protruding portions 52A of the attaching portions 52B and 52C, respectively The engaging portions 52F and 52G project in the direction of the arrow X from the opposite side of the mounting portions 52B and 52C of the inclined portions 52D and 52E.

  Further, the cap metal fitting 52 is attached to the flat portion 38A of the waist wall upper bar 38 with an interval in the arrow Z direction (the depth direction shown in the figure) orthogonal to the arrow X direction and the arrow Y direction. Thereby, the cap metal clasp 52 (convex part 52A) does not cover the entire through hole 38B in a plan view of the ventilation part 30. A cap member 42 is disposed above the cap bracket 42.

  The head member 42 is viewed in the direction of the arrow Z, and includes an inner wall 42A and an outer wall 42B that are upright in the direction of the arrow Y, and an inclined wall 42C that connects the upper end of the inner wall 42A and the upper end of the outer wall 42B. A member having a substantially U-shaped cross section. The inner wall 42A is disposed on the inner wall member 34 side, and the outer wall 42B is disposed on the outer wall member 36 side. Further, the height of the outer wall 42B is higher than the height of the inner wall 42A, and the inclined wall 42C is obliquely above the arrow X direction from the upper end of the inner wall 42A toward the upper end of the outer wall 42B. Inclined in the direction.

  On the inner side of the inner wall 42A (on the side facing the inner wall material 34), an engagement piece having an L-shaped cross section and an engagement piece having an inverted L-shaped cross section arranged symmetrically in the arrow Y direction when viewed in the arrow Z direction. A guide rail 42D made of And the 1st side wall 44D of the draining material 44 mentioned later is inserted in the insertion part 43 which is the space enclosed by 42 A of inner side walls, and guide rail 42D. In FIG. 2, in the insertion portion 43, the inner wall 42A and the first side wall 44D are illustrated with an interval so as to be distinguished from each other, but are actually close to each other. The mounting position of the material 44) is determined by the guide rail 42D.

  On the other hand, at the lower end of the outer wall 42B, there is formed a seal material support portion 42E that is fitted and supported by one end of a rubber-made plate-like seal material 54. The other end of the seal material 54 supported by the seal material support portion 42E comes into contact with the outer surface of the outer wall material 36 while being elastically deformed (bent), so that the space between the outer wall material 36 and the head member 42 is sealed. And blocking the entry of water from the outside.

  Further, the inclined wall 42C is provided with engaged portions 42F and 42G having a substantially L-shaped cross section protruding downward from the lower surface. Here, the engaged portions 42F and 42G of the cap member 42 are engaged with the engaging portions 52F and 52G of the cap member 52, respectively, thereby covering the inner wall member 34, the outer wall member 36, and the waist wall upper rail 38. The headboard member 42 is fixed. A draining material 44 is provided between the inner wall 42 </ b> A of the head member 42 and the inner wall material 34.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the draining material 44 has a plate-like bottom wall 44A arranged horizontally. 44 A of bottom walls are formed in the rectangular shape which makes the arrow Z direction a longitudinal direction by planar view, and the several through-hole 45 for ventilation | gas_flowing penetrated in the arrow Y direction is formed in the arrow Z direction at intervals. Yes. Further, in the arrow X direction, a lower side wall 44B is erected on one end (the right end in the figure) of the bottom wall 44A, and a second side wall 44G is erected on the other end (the left end in the figure) of the bottom wall 44A. ing. The height of the lower side wall 44B is lower than the height of the second side wall 44G.

  At the upper end portion of the lower side wall 44B, an overhanging portion 44C is formed so as to project in a plate shape in the direction of the arrow X (the right direction in the drawing and the outside direction of the draining material 44). The first side wall 44D is erected at the right end of the first side. The lower end of the first side wall 44D is located below the overhanging portion 44C, and the upper end of the first side wall 44D is located below the upper end of the second side wall 44G. Note that at least a part of the first side wall 44D and the second side wall 44G are arranged to face each other in the arrow Y direction.

  In addition, an overhanging portion 44E is formed on the inner surface of the first side wall 44D above the overhanging portion 44C, and is overhanging in a plate shape in the direction of the arrow X (the left direction in the figure and the inside of the draining material 44). Has been. Further, a plate-shaped draining piece 44F is formed at the other end (the left end in the drawing) of the overhanging portion 44E so that the tip end is gradually lowered toward the second side wall 44G. The draining piece 44 </ b> F extends to a position covering the plurality of through holes 45 in a plan view of the draining material 44. The overhang portion 44E is located below the upper end of the first side wall 44D.

  On the other hand, at the upper end of the second side wall 44G, an overhanging portion 44H is formed that projects in a plate shape in the direction of the arrow X (the right direction in the figure). The overhanging portion 44H is located above the draining piece 44F, and is projected to a position covering the draining piece 44F in plan view of the draining material 44. Here, the bottom wall 44A, the lower side wall 44B, the overhanging portion 44C, the first side wall 44D, the overhanging portion 44E, the draining piece 44F, the second side wall 44G, and the overhanging portion 44H are integrally formed. Moreover, the draining material 44 is comprised with aluminum as an example.

  Further, in the draining material 44, an opening 47 is formed between the upper end of the first side wall 44D and the tip (right end in the figure) of the overhanging portion 44H. Thereby, in the draining material 44, the outside air that has flowed in from the through hole 45 flows around the tip end side of the draining piece 44F, flows in a substantially S shape, and flows upward from the opening 47. Further, the upward movement (inflow) of the water contained in the outside air is blocked by the drain piece 44F.

  A sealing rubber 49 as an example of a first elastic member having elasticity is attached to the outside (outer surface) of the second side wall 44G with an adhesive. The sealing rubber 49 is formed in a rectangular plate shape on the YZ plane, and the thickness of the sealing rubber 49 is the inner wall material 34 when the headboard member 42 is fixed with the headboard fastener 52 in FIG. And a thickness at which the gap between the second side wall 44G is closed.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the space between the head member 42, the inner wall member 34, the outer wall member 36, and the waist wall upper rail 38 is the first ventilation portion 46, and air (outside air) flows. It is possible. The draining material 44 is disposed in the first ventilation portion 46. Further, the through hole 38B of the waist wall upper bar 38 forms a second ventilation portion 48 by communicating the first ventilation portion 46 with the internal space 51 sandwiched between the inner wall material 34 and the outer wall material 36.

(Function)
Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

  First, the construction process of the ventilation unit 30 (the process of attaching the draining material 44 and the headboard member 42) will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, after the sealing rubber 49 is bonded to the outer surface of the second side wall 44G of the draining material 44 with an adhesive, the first side wall of the draining material 44 is along the guide rail 42D of the head member 42. 44D is inserted into the insertion part 43. Thereby, the draining material 44 is fixed to the head member 42. Further, one end of the sealing material 54 is fitted into the sealing material support portion 42 </ b> E of the head member 42. The cap member 42 is formed with engaged portions 42F and 42G in advance.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), mounting portions 52B and 52C of the cap end clasp 52 are placed on the flat portion 38A of the waist wall upper bar 38, and fastening means such as screws (not shown) are used. The Kasagi metal fitting 52 is fixed to the upper waist wall 38. Then, while pressing the sealing rubber 49 against the outer surface of the upper end portion of the inner wall member 34, the headboard member 42 is gradually lowered to engage the engaging portion 52F and the engaged portion 42F, and the engaging portion 52G and the engaged portion 42G. Engage each.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 4C, the headboard member 42 is attached to cover the upper ends of the inner wall member 34, the outer wall member 36, and the waist wall upper rail 38, and the first ventilation portion 46 and the second ventilation portion 48 are provided. As a result, the ventilation unit 30 is completed. The sealing rubber 49 seals the space between the inner wall material 34 and the second side wall 44G, and the sealing material 54 is bent in contact with the outer wall material 36 at one end. Is sealed.

  Thus, in the construction process of the ventilation unit 30, when the head member 42 is attached so as to cover the upper ends of the inner wall member 34, the outer wall member 36, and the waist wall upper rail 38, it is attached to the second side wall 44G of the draining member 44. The cap member 42 is attached by the sealing rubber 49 being pressed against the inner wall member 34. Then, the cap member 42 is fixed by the engagement with the cap member 42. In this mounting structure, since no adhesive or screws are required, the headboard member 42 and the draining material 44 can be easily mounted.

  Further, since no adhesive or screws are used to attach the head member 42, for example, the inclined wall 42C is bent by pushing the inner wall 42A and the outer wall 42B of the head member 42 to engage the engaging portion 52F. If the engagement of the mating portion 42F, the engaging portion 52G, and the engaged portion 42G is released, the headboard member 42 can be easily removed. Thereby, the 1st ventilation part 46, the 2nd ventilation part 48, and the draining material 44 can be cleaned easily, and these maintenance becomes easy.

  Furthermore, since the draining material 44 can be attached to the headboard member 42 simply by inserting the first side wall 44D of the draining material 44 into the insertion portion 43 of the headboard member 42, the draining material 44 can be easily attached. And since it is not necessary to attach the head member 42 and the draining material 44 to the waist wall upper crosspiece 38 and the inner wall material 34 separately, the man-hour as the ventilation part 30 whole can be reduced. Further, when comparing the dimensional accuracy of the inner surface (insertion portion 43) of the head member 42 and the dimensional accuracy of the outer surface of the inner wall member 34, the inner surface of the head member 42 made of aluminum has better dimensional accuracy. For this reason, compared with the construction method which fixes the draining material 44 to the inner wall material 34, the attachment precision of the draining material 44 can be improved.

  In addition, in the construction of the ventilation section 30, in the mounting of the headboard clasp 52 to the waist wall upper rail 38, the upper surface (flat portion 38A) of the waist wall upper rail 38 compared to the upper end surfaces of the inner wall material 34 and the outer wall material 36. ) Has a larger area, the fixing area of the cap member 42 can be stabilized by increasing the mounting area of the cap member 52.

  Next, the effect | action of the ventilation part 30 is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the ventilation unit 30, the gap is sealed with the sealing rubber 49 and the sealing material 54, and further, water is drained (drops downward) by the draining piece 44 </ b> F of the draining material 44. Thus, water cannot enter the first ventilation part 46, that is, the entry of water into the first ventilation part 46 and the second ventilation part 48 can be blocked (suppressed).

  On the other hand, as shown by an arrow A, outside air flows into the draining material 44 from the through hole 45, flows through the distal end side of the draining piece 44 </ b> F, and flows into the first ventilation portion 46 from the opening 47. The outside air that has flowed into the first ventilation portion 46 flows through the second ventilation portion 48 (through hole 38B) formed in the upper waist wall 38 and is sandwiched between the inner wall material 34 and the outer wall material 36. Flow into.

  Thus, in the ventilation part 30, the structure which has the ventilation path which detours the outer side of the waist wall upper crosspiece 38, and goes to the internal space 51, or the structure which makes the inner wall material 34 and the outer wall material 36 a double structure (for example, the above-mentioned) Compared to the configuration described in Patent Document 1), the ventilation path through which the outside air flows has a simple structure and the length of the ventilation path is shortened, so that the ventilation amount of the ventilation unit 30 is increased and the ventilation performance is improved. be able to. Moreover, in the unit building 10 (refer FIG. 1), the ventilation performance by the side of the veranda 20 (ceiling side) improves, and it is between the other inner wall materials and outer wall materials which are connected with the ventilation part 30 of the veranda 20. Since ventilation can also be performed, the ventilation performance of the whole unit building 10 can be improved.

  Next, other first and second examples of the ventilation unit 30 of the first embodiment will be described. In addition, about the member same as the ventilation part 30, the same code | symbol is provided and description is abbreviate | omitted, About the member and site | part which are the structure similar to the ventilation part 30, description may be abbreviate | omitted using the same name. .

  In FIG. 6A, as another first embodiment of the ventilation section 30, the headboard member 42, the draining material 44, and the headboard clasp 52 of the ventilation section 30 are replaced with the headboard member 60, the draining material 64, and the headboard clip. A configuration in which a draining material 64 is arranged on the waist wall upper bar 38 instead of the metal fitting 62 is shown.

  The head member 60 is formed in a U-shaped cross section including an inner wall 60A, an outer wall 60B, a seal material support 60C, and an inclined wall 60D. On the lower surface of the inclined wall 60D, an engaged portion 60E, 60F and the insertion part 60G are provided. One end of the sealing material 54 is attached to the sealing material support portion 60C. A draining material 64 is provided between the inclined wall 60 </ b> D of the head member 60 and the waist wall upper bar 38.

  The draining material 64 includes a first side wall 64A, a draining piece 64B, a through hole 64C, and an opening 64D. And when the 1st side wall 64A is inserted in the insertion part 60G of the head member 60, the through-hole 64C and the opening part 64D are arrange | positioned in the state opened in the horizontal direction. Note that the through hole 64C is disposed on the upstream side in the inflow direction (arrow A direction) of the outside air, and the opening 64D is disposed on the downstream side (side close to the through hole 38B). Further, a sealing rubber 49 is provided between the waist wall upper bar 38 and the draining material 64.

  The cap metal clasp 62 includes a convex portion 62A, mounting portions 62B and 62C, and engaging portions 62D and 62E. The attachment portions 62B and 62C are attached to the flat portion 38A of the upper waist wall 38 by screws or the like (not shown), and the engagement portions 62D and 62E and the engaged portions 60E and 60F of the headboard member 60 are connected. The cap member 60 is fixed by engaging. In addition, a space between the head member 60, the inner wall member 34, the outer wall member 36, and the waist wall upper bar 38 is a first ventilation portion 66.

  Here, in the other first embodiment, although water enters the upstream side of the draining material 64 in the first ventilation portion 66, the infiltration of water is blocked by the draining material 64. Infiltration of water into the downstream side and the second ventilation portion 48 can be suppressed. Thus, the draining material 64 may be disposed above the waist wall upper bar 38.

  On the other hand, in FIG. 6B, as another second embodiment of the ventilation unit 30, the cap member 42 of the ventilation unit 30 is changed to the cap member 70, and the draining material 44 is arranged on the outer wall member 36 side. It is shown.

  The head member 70 is formed in a U-shaped cross section including an inner wall 70A, a seal material support portion 70B, an outer wall 70C, an insertion portion 70D, and an inclined wall 70E. Engaging portions 70F and 70G are provided. Further, one end of the sealing material 54 is attached to the sealing material support portion 70B. A draining material 44 is provided between the outer wall 70 </ b> C of the head member 70 and the outer wall material 36.

  The draining material 44 is disposed in the opposite direction so as to be bilaterally symmetric with respect to the draining material 44 of the ventilation unit 30 (see FIG. 2) of the first embodiment, and the first side wall 44D is the insertion portion of the head member 70. By being inserted into 70 </ b> D, the through hole 45 and the opening 47 are arranged in a state of opening in the vertical direction. The through hole 45 is located below the opening 47. A sealing rubber 49 is provided between the outer wall material 36 and the draining material 44. Furthermore, the cap member 70 is fixed by engaging the engaging portions 52F and 52G with the engaged portions 70F and 70G of the cap member 70. A space between the head member 70, the inner wall member 34, the outer wall member 36, and the waist wall upper bar 38 is a first ventilation portion 72.

  Here, in the other second embodiment, since the draining material 44 is arranged on the most upstream side of the first ventilation portion 72, the intrusion of water into the first ventilation portion 72 and the second ventilation portion 48 is suppressed. be able to. Thus, the draining material 44 may be disposed on the outer wall material 36 side.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the ventilation structure and building which concern on 2nd Embodiment of this invention are demonstrated. Note that the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment are given to the members that are basically the same as those in the first embodiment described above, and the description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 7 shows a ventilation unit 80 as an example of the ventilation structure of the second embodiment. The ventilation unit 80 is provided in place of the ventilation unit 30 (see FIG. 2) of the unit building 10 of the first embodiment, and the other configuration except the ventilation unit 80 is the same as that of the unit building 10.

  In the configuration of the ventilation unit 30 (see FIG. 2), the ventilation unit 80 adds a sealing rubber 84 having elasticity as an example of a second elastic member on the flat portion 38A of the waist wall upper crosspiece 38. Further, a filter member 82 as an example of a blocking member is added. Further, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the ventilation unit 80 is provided with an opening / closing unit 86 in the middle of the inclined wall 42 </ b> C in the arrow Z direction (longitudinal direction) in the headboard member 42.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the filter member 82 is provided closer to the second ventilation portion 48 than the draining material 44 in the first ventilation portion 46. Further, as an example, the filter member 82 is configured by a sponge filter having a trapezoidal cross section when the ventilation unit 80 is viewed in the Z direction, and performs ventilation and blocks water from entering the second ventilation unit 48. ing. The upper surface 82A of the filter member 82 is an inclined surface along the inclined wall 42C of the head member 42. When the head member 42 is fixed by the head member 52, the pressing force more than necessary is applied to the filter member 82. This prevents the airflow performance (ventilation performance) from deteriorating.

  Further, the filter member 82 has an inclined upper surface 82A attached to the lower surface of the inclined wall 42C of the head member 42 with an adhesive, and a plate-like sealing rubber 84 attached to the lower surface 82B of the filter member 82 with an adhesive. It has been. That is, the head member 42, the filter member 82, and the sealing rubber 84 are integrated. When the head member 42 is fixed by the head member 52, the sealing rubber 84 is provided in a pressure contact state between the filter member 82 and the flat portion 38A of the upper waist wall 38.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8A, an opening / closing portion 86 is provided in a part of the head member 42 in the arrow Z direction. The opening / closing part 86 is configured to include a rectangular opening 87 in a plan view penetrating the inclined wall 42 </ b> C in the arrow Y direction, and a shutter member 88 provided in the opening 87 so as to be openable and closable.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, the opening 87 is formed in a portion of the inclined wall 42C where the filter member 82 is exposed when the shutter member 88 is opened (a portion accessible to the filter member 82). . Here, as an example, the width of the opening 87 in the direction of the arrow X is a width at which the upper ends of the inner wall member 34 and the outer wall member 36 are exposed, but may be a width at which only the filter member 82 is exposed. Good.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, as an example, the shutter member 88 includes four rectangular plate members 88A, 88B, 88C, and 88D in which the arrow Z direction is the longitudinal direction and the arrow X direction is the short direction. It is the structure which arranged and connected in the arrow X direction. In addition, although the hinge member is used for the connection, illustration is abbreviate | omitted. Between the four plate members 88A, 88B, 88C, and 88D, linear bent portions L1, L2, and L3 extending in the arrow Z direction with an interval in the arrow X direction are formed. When the shutter member 88 is opened, the bent portions L1 and L3 are mountain-folded and the bent portion L2 is valley-folded.

  A rail member (not shown) is attached to each set of edges in the arrow Z direction forming the opening 87. Further, shafts (not shown) having an axial direction in the direction of the arrow Z are provided from both ends in the direction of the arrow Z in the bent portion L2 and the edge L4 on the near side of the plate member 88D, respectively. The shaft is guided in the arrow X direction (actually in the arrow S direction) by the rail member.

  Thus, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the shutter member 88 has four plate members 88A, 88B, 88C, and 88D on one side of the opening 87 (the back side in the direction of the arrow X in the drawing). The opening 87 is opened by being folded, or the opening 87 is closed by covering the opening 87 with four plate members 88A, 88B, 88C, 88D arranged side by side. The plate member 88D is provided with an operation grip (not shown) so that the shutter member 88 can be manually opened and closed.

(Function)
Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the construction process of the ventilation unit 80, first, the first side wall 44 </ b> D of the draining material 44 is inserted into the insertion portion 43, and the draining material 44 is fixed to the head member 42. And the filter member 82 with the sealing rubber 84 is adhere | attached on the preset site | part of the lower surface of 42 C of inclination walls. Further, one end of the sealing material 54 is fitted into the sealing material support portion 42E.

  Subsequently, the cap body fastener 52 is fixed to the upper waist wall 38 by fastening means (not shown) such as screws. Then, the cap member 42 is attached by engaging the engaging portion 52F with the engaged portion 42F and the engaging portion 52G with the engaged portion 42G. Thereby, the ventilation part 80 is completed.

  In the ventilation section 80, the gap is sealed with the sealing rubber 49 and the sealing material 54, and further, the water is drained (drops downward) by the draining piece 44F of the draining material 44, so that the first ventilation section 46 from the outside. Water cannot enter, that is, water can be blocked (suppressed) from entering the first ventilation part 46 and the second ventilation part 48.

  Even if a small amount of water enters the first ventilation part 46, the ventilation part 80 is provided with the filter member 82 and the sealing rubber 84 between the draining material 44 and the second ventilation part 48. Water that cannot be blocked by the material 44 can be blocked, and entry of water into the second ventilation portion 48 can be suppressed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, the outside air flows into the draining material 44 from the through hole 45, flows through the distal end side of the draining piece 44 </ b> F, and flows into the first ventilation portion 46 from the opening 47. The outside air that has flowed into the first ventilation portion 46 passes through the filter member 82, then flows through the second ventilation portion 48, and flows into the internal space 51 sandwiched between the inner wall material 34 and the outer wall material 36.

  Thus, in the ventilation part 80, the structure which has the ventilation path which detours the outer side of the waist wall upper crosspiece 38, and goes to the internal space 51, or the structure which makes the inner wall material 34 and the outer wall material 36 a double structure (for example, the above-mentioned) Compared to the configuration described in Patent Document 1), the ventilation path through which the outside air flows has a simple structure and the length of the ventilation path is shortened, so that the ventilation amount of the ventilation unit 30 is increased and the ventilation performance is improved. be able to.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, in the ventilation portion 80, the shutter member 88 is folded in the direction of the arrow S in the opening / closing portion 86 even after the head member 42 is attached. Since the filter member 82 is exposed by opening 87, the filter member 82 can be easily replaced. In addition, after the replacement of the filter member 82, the opening 87 is closed by expanding the shutter member 88, so that the intrusion of water from the opening 87 can be suppressed.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment.

  The draining material 44 may be made of SUS in addition to aluminum. Further, the through hole 38B of the waist wall upper bar 38 may be formed close to either side in the arrow X direction. In FIGS. 5 and 9, in the ventilation units 30 and 80, the inflow direction of the outside air is indicated only by the arrow A, but ventilation in the direction opposite to the arrow A direction is performed in the same manner.

  The filter member 82 and the sealing rubber 84 may be disposed not only above the waist wall upper bar 38 but also on the inner wall member 34 side and the outer wall member 36 side. The shutter member 88 may be slid in the arrow S direction, or may be configured to be openable and closable by providing a hinge member at one end of the plate-like lid member. Further, the shutter member 88 may be configured by an elastic body that allows air to pass through and blocks water, and the shutter member 88 may be elastically deformed to open the opening 87.

10 unit building (example of building)
14 Floor beams (an example of a frame)
16 Ceiling beam (an example of a frame)
22 Flat roof 30 Ventilation part (example of ventilation structure)
34 Inner wall material (example of first wall material)
36 Exterior wall material (example of second wall material)
38 Waist wall upper beam (an example of upper beam)
42 Head member 44 Drainage material 44D First side wall 44G Second side wall 46 First ventilation part 48 Second ventilation part 49 Sealing rubber (an example of a first elastic member)
52 Kasagi fastener (an example of a fixing bracket)
60 Coping member 62 Coping clasp (an example of fixing bracket)
64 Draining material 66 1st ventilation part 70 Coping member 72 1st ventilation part 80 Ventilation part (an example of ventilation structure)
82 Filter member (an example of a blocking member)
84 Sealing rubber (example of second elastic member)
86 Opening and closing part

Claims (8)

A first wall material erected on the flat roof of the building ;
A second wall member erected on the flat roof with a gap from the first wall member;
An upper rail that covers between the upper end of the first wall member and the upper end of the second wall member;
An insertion portion surrounded by a wall facing the first wall member or the second wall member and a guide rail provided on the wall; the first wall member; the second wall member; A headboard member covering the upper end of the pier,
A first ventilation part formed between the headboard member and the first wall member, the second wall member, and the upper rail, through which air flows;
A bottom wall in which a through hole is formed; a projecting part that projects from the end of the bottom wall to the inside or outside of the building and is inserted into the insertion part; and is integrated with the projecting part in a plan view. A draining piece that extends to a position covering the through-hole and cuts water, and is disposed in the first ventilation portion, ventilates through the through-hole, and blocks water from entering the first ventilation portion. Draining material,
A second ventilation part formed on the upper rail and communicating the first ventilation part and an internal space sandwiched between the first wall material and the second wall material;
With ventilation structure. The draining member includes a first side wall as part of the protruding portion and a second side wall facing the first side wall is erected on the bottom wall,
A first elastic member having elasticity is attached to the outside of the second side wall,
The ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the first elastic member is sandwiched between the first wall material and the second side wall.   The ventilation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a fixing bracket for fixing the headboard member is provided on the upper rail.   The blocking member for blocking the intrusion of water into the second ventilation part is provided at the second ventilation part side of the draining material in the first ventilation part. Item 4. The ventilation structure according to any one of item 3.   The second elastic member having elasticity is provided by pressure contact between the blocking member and at least one of the first wall member, the second wall member, and the upper crosspiece. Ventilation structure.   The ventilation structure according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the cap member is provided with an opening / closing portion that exposes the blocking member when opened and covers the blocking member when closed. A lower side wall is erected at the end of the bottom wall,
From the upper end of the lower side wall, the first overhanging portion as the other part of the overhanging portion is projected to the inside or outside of the building,
The first side wall is erected on the first overhang portion,
From the first side wall, a second projecting portion is projected to the outside or inside of the building,
The draining piece extends from an end of the second overhanging portion,
From the upper end of the second side wall, a third projecting portion is projected to the inside or outside of the building,
The bottom wall, the lower side wall, the first overhang portion, the first side wall, the second overhang portion, the draining piece, the second side wall, and the third overhang portion are integrally formed. The ventilation structure according to any one of claims 3 to 6, which refers to claim 2 or claim 2. The ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A housing supporting the flat roof;
Having a building.

Images