JP5674193B2 - Air conditioning environment monitoring system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention displays the current air-conditioning environment such as airflow and temperature distribution in the room in real time, and displays the current air conditioning status of the air-conditioning equipment to support appropriate operation and control of the air-conditioning equipment. It is related with the air-conditioning environment monitoring system for doing.

  As a technology to control a region where people are present in a large space to a comfortable temperature range, when air-conditioning a continuous air-conditioned space with a plurality of air-conditioning equipment, the air-conditioned space is divided into a plurality of air-conditioning areas, In the air conditioning control method for controlling to a predetermined air conditioning environment for each area, a thermal environment simulation is performed for the air conditioned space in advance, a plurality of temperature detection positions are set in the air conditioned space, and based on the thermal environment simulation, the above Each air conditioning equipment unit calculates the contribution rate to the plurality of temperature detection positions, and extracts the target temperature at each temperature detection position when the optimum temperature is obtained in each air conditioning area. The air conditioning control temperature is set to a temperature of two or more of the plurality of temperature detection positions, with the contribution rate of the air conditioning equipment to each temperature detection position as a weight. An air conditioning control method is known in which the air conditioning control temperature of each air conditioning equipment is adjusted by changing the blowout temperature of each air conditioning equipment based on the difference between each target temperature at the detection position and the actual temperature detected by the temperature sensor ( Patent Document 1).

This air conditioning control method is premised on the contribution rate of the air conditioning equipment to the temperature detection position when the thermal environment simulation is performed in advance.
On the other hand, for example, by changing the air conditioning control settings, the air volume of the air conditioning outlet increases from the expected air volume, or the actual air conditioning duct friction loss is larger than expected and the actual air volume of the air conditioning outlet is less than the expected air volume. If the situation occurs and the actual airflow distribution differs from the airflow distribution when the simulation is performed, the contribution rate is likely to change.
For this reason, when the contribution rate calculated in advance and the actual contribution rate deviate, it is expected that it is difficult to control to an appropriate temperature using the contribution rate calculated in advance.

  As a technique for avoiding this, in an air conditioning control system including at least an air conditioning room, a processing device, and a terminal, the processing device obtains a temperature distribution in the air conditioning room by simulation based on simulation model data and measurement data of the detector. When the temperature at a predetermined position in the air conditioning room deviates from the predetermined temperature range, a simulation is performed by sequentially adding a plurality of countermeasure parameters, and the countermeasure parameters are set until the temperature obtained from the simulation results falls within the temperature range. Has been proposed (Patent Document 2).

  According to this air conditioning control system, the temperature distribution in the air conditioning target area is obtained by simulation using sensor measurement data and simulation model data, and if there is an area that deviates from the predetermined recommended temperature range, measures are taken for that area. Appropriate control is performed by adding a parameter, performing simulation, determining whether the simulation result is within the recommended temperature range, and repeating the simulation with additional countermeasure parameters until the result is within the recommended temperature range. It is said that you can do that.

Since the determination as to whether or not to deviate from the predetermined recommended temperature range of this system is made based on the simulated temperature at a limited position in the air-conditioning target area, It can be said that it is suitable when a large control temperature range is allowed as in air conditioning control.
However, when precise temperature control is required, such as in large spaces such as audience seats and spaces where people live, such as offices and conference rooms, air conditioning control based on the simulated temperature at a limited position is the so-called temperature. The occurrence of unevenness cannot be prevented, and the above system is not suitable for precise air conditioning control.

  In addition, when there is an area that deviates from the predetermined recommended temperature range, the range of countermeasure parameters to be added for the area is set in advance, so if a problem occurs, take measures other than notifying the terminal I can't. For this reason, in the case of environmental control in a room that has many environmental fluctuation factors, such as changes in the layout of indoor furniture and air conditioning equipment, the movement of people, and the influence of sunlight, all countermeasure parameters must be set in advance. Therefore, it is expected that the frequency of problems will increase.

JP 2000-171071 A JP 2010-139119 A

  The present invention was created to solve the various problems described above, and it is difficult to measure the indoor space of a building by periodically performing environmental simulation using measured data that is regularly observed as input data. Visually grasp in real time the three-dimensional spatial distribution of environmental physical elements such as temperature and airflow in a space that contains an extremely large area, and provide information useful for precise and wasteful temperature control to contribute to energy saving It aims at providing the air-conditioning environment monitoring system which can be performed.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a sensor group for measuring an indoor wind speed and an indoor temperature arranged at an appropriate position in a room of a building that is an air-conditioning target space, and a recording process for acquiring and recording measurement data of each sensor. In an air conditioning environment monitoring system configured to execute indoor air flow simulation processing and output and display the indoor space distribution of air temperature on a monitor, a spatial lattice obtained by dividing the fluid in the analysis target region at appropriate intervals in advance Based on the estimated simulation model data and the measurement data acquired from each of the sensors, a simulation unit that obtains the temperature distribution in the room by simulation, and a graphic display that performs processing for displaying the simulated spatial lattice in a three-dimensional manner A processing unit, an input unit, and the three-dimensional group. A terminal device having a display unit for three-dimensional graphics display by a command from Fick display processing unit, it was decided having a.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the graphic display processing section can change its viewpoint.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the graphic display processing unit cuts and displays a two-dimensional section along the plane or the same coordinate plane from which the spatial grid is selected, and performs temperature distribution by isoline / color coding on the section. The wind speed distribution is simply displayed in a three-dimensional graphic form using a vector.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the graphic display processing unit cuts and displays a two-dimensional cross section along the same plane or the same coordinate plane selected from the space grid, and performs temperature distribution by isoline / color coding on the cross section. The wind speed distribution is simply displayed in a three-dimensional graphic form using a vector.

  The invention according to claim 5 is a simulation model in which the terminal device inputs new shape data / boundary condition data from the input unit when a factor that fluctuates the thermal environment cannot be grasped by the measured value of the sensor. It is characterized by updating data.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the terminal device registers the boundary condition / indoor shape data in which data change is indispensable in accordance with the change in indoor shape data in a hierarchical manner.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the computer stores a calibration conversion table for each sensor in which environmental physical quantities corresponding to the measured voltage values of the respective sensors are stored in a table, and the measured voltage values of the respective sensors are converted into temperature, wind speed, etc. When converting to the environmental physical quantity, the conversion is made with reference to the calibration conversion table.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind speed / wind direction conversion table in which the computer makes a table of differences between two wind speed scalar quantities and corresponding wind directions, which are created by actual measurement at two positions near an air outlet of an air conditioning facility. When calculating the wind direction, calculate the difference in the wind speed scalar quantity at multiple positions near the air outlet, and refer to the wind speed / wind direction conversion table to determine the difference in the obtained wind speed scalar quantity. It is characterized by having a wind direction estimating means for estimating the wind direction from

  In the invention according to claim 9, the computer waits after the output is displayed on the display unit, and the detection voltage value of each sensor is automatically or forcibly input by the input unit after a predetermined time has elapsed. It is characterized by acquiring and storing, and simulating the indoor air-conditioning environment at that time.

  The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that the computer includes a forcible termination processing means for forcibly terminating the three-dimensional graphic display by an input from the input unit.

  The invention according to claim 11 is an air conditioning control system including the air conditioning environment monitoring system according to claim 1, and when the simulation result of the indoor three-dimensional airflow / air temperature distribution is out of an appropriate control range, In order to examine a suitable countermeasure, an air-conditioning control system that optimizes air-conditioning control by performing a simulation to obtain the temperature distribution in the room.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the temperature of a space that includes an extremely large area in which it is difficult to measure the indoor space of a building by periodically performing environmental simulation using actually measured data that is regularly observed as input data.・ Providing an air conditioning environment monitoring system that can visually grasp the three-dimensional spatial distribution of environmental physical elements such as air currents in real time, and provide information useful for precise and lean temperature control to contribute to energy saving. can do.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the distribution of the indoor airflow, the indoor temperature, and the sensible temperature can be displayed in real time from any point / angle by changing the viewpoint of the three-dimensional graphic display without fixing it. Therefore, it is possible to accurately grasp the indoor air-conditioning status by air-conditioning control in the air conditioner, which can contribute to appropriate air-conditioning control of the target indoor space and secure a comfortable air-conditioned space.
Moreover, since the space which is excessively air-conditioned can also be grasped conversely, the air-conditioning can be optimized to contribute to energy saving.

  According to the invention of claim 3, for example, the indoor space is divided into upper and lower parts and only the lower area is subject to air conditioning (target), while the upper area is not subject to air conditioning and only the target is cut out and displayed only for the lattice. Therefore, the simulation load of the computer can be reduced, the simulation can be performed quickly, and the accuracy of the air conditioning control is not reduced.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the required information for air conditioning control is obtained by cutting out a two-dimensional cross section along the plane selected from the space grid or the same coordinate plane and executing the minimum information processing. It can acquire more effectively compared with the invention which concerns on Claim 3.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 5, following the fluctuation | variation of the thermal environment which does not appear in the change of the measured value of each sensor, the precision of air-conditioning control can be improved greatly.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 6, a simulation model can be changed rapidly according to the change of a condition.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 7, the measured voltage value of each sensor can be converted into environmental physical quantities, such as temperature and a wind speed, simply and rapidly.

  According to the eighth aspect of the invention, the wind direction can be estimated with a simple configuration.

  According to the ninth aspect of the invention, not only can the measurement values of each sensor be automatically and periodically acquired, but also can be acquired as needed.

  According to the invention of claim 10, monitoring can be easily ended.

  According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, when a new air conditioning measure item is introduced in the air conditioning control system, the relationship between the operation amount of the new measure item and the temperature distribution change amount can be examined while visually observing.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an example of an embodiment of an air conditioning environment monitoring system of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic process flow diagram of an example of an embodiment of the air conditioning environment monitoring system of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the wind speed distribution in the room is displayed together with the three-dimensional shape of the space. FIG. 4 is an example in which the indoor air temperature distribution is displayed together with the three-dimensional shape of the space. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing that the temperature distribution on the left side of the room is high and the temperature distribution on the right side of the room is low due to the influence of solar radiation from the window on the left side of the drawing. FIG. 6 displays the temperature distribution when natural ventilation is performed. FIG. 7 is an example in which the temperature and wind speed are measured at the five points in the left figure, and the air temperature in the cross section along the left line AA is displayed in the lower right figure. FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional display of the air flow from the air outlet of the air conditioning facility with a viewpoint on the wall surface of one room and a view of the room.

<< System configuration >>
The configuration of the air conditioning environment monitoring system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The air-conditioning environment monitoring system according to this embodiment includes various sensors installed in air-conditioning spaces such as public buildings, large spaces with many spectator seats, hotels, offices, hospitals, and product sales floors, and measurements detected by the various sensors. A data logger for acquiring and recording values, an analysis server for executing indoor airflow simulation, a drawing server for generating a graphic display signal by processing a simulation result received from the analysis server in three dimensions, and a terminal device It is composed of a measurement / drawing PC, which are connected by a communication network such as a LAN or a WAN.

  In the present embodiment, the hardware is configured by individual systems of the analysis server and the drawing server, but it goes without saying that these may be configured by a single piece of hardware.

≪Overview of system processing flow≫
With reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the example of this embodiment of an air-conditioning environment monitoring system is demonstrated.
The sensor measures the air-conditioning wind speed, temperature, amount of solar radiation, and the presence / absence of humans using a temperature sensor, wind speed sensor, solar radiation sensor, and human sensor. Measurements are performed mainly for locations that cause airflow in and out, heat flow in and out, indoor heat generation, etc., and the detection results determine the boundary conditions for the indoor air flow simulation described later. It becomes an important factor.

  The data logger acquires and records the voltage value detected by each sensor in accordance with a periodic command from a measurement / drawing PC as a terminal device or a command from time to time from the input unit of the terminal device (step 1). The recorded detection value is transmitted to the terminal device.

  The terminal device is a personal computer, and basically includes an input unit for inputting data and commands such as parameters for a simulation model, and a display unit for displaying a simulation result three-dimensionally.

  The terminal device accesses the analysis server via the LAN in advance, creates the basic model by inputting the room shape data, boundary conditions, etc. from the input unit, and then causes the analysis server to execute the indoor airflow simulation to simulate the simulation model. Data, that is, simulation boundary condition data is created, and the simulation boundary condition data is stored in the simulation data storage unit of the analysis server.

The terminal device determines whether or not the current voltage value is different from the previous voltage value for all sensors (step 2). If there is no difference, the terminal device waits without processing anything.
The terminal device normally converts each voltage value detected by the sensor into an environmental physical quantity such as temperature and wind speed. At this time, the detected value of the sensor obtained from the voltage is stored in the terminal device in advance. The calibration conversion table for converting the voltage value of each sensor into the corresponding environmental physical quantity is looked up and converted into a physical quantity such as temperature, wind speed, radiant heat, and calorific value (step 3).

  The terminal device considers the actual arrangement position of each sensor, calculates a measurement simulation parameter as a simulation boundary condition from the converted environmental physical quantity, and stores the calculation result in the storage device of the terminal device. Thereby, data conversion from environmental physical quantities such as temperature and wind speed obtained by converting the voltage value of each sensor into simulation boundary conditions is performed (step 4), and pre-processing is performed to obtain measurement simulation parameters.

The measurement simulation parameter is sent to the analysis server.
The analysis server generates simulation boundary condition data for the current simulation based on the measurement simulation parameters received from the terminal device and the simulation boundary condition data (step 5) read from the simulation data storage unit to generate the simulation boundary conditions. The data is stored again in the data storage unit (step 7), and handed over to a general-purpose numerical fluid analysis program to execute an indoor air flow simulation.

The indoor airflow simulation program first acquires boundary condition data such as the airflow in and out of the room, the amount of heat entering and exiting the room, and the amount of heat generated indoors, and then divides the room shape data and the fluid in the analysis target area at appropriate intervals. The indoor space is divided into meshes based on the lattice data (step 8.9).
A simulation is executed from the acquired boundary condition data, and the indoor temperature distribution and air velocity distribution in units of meshes are calculated (step 10).

The analysis server outputs the calculation result to the drawing server, and the drawing server executes a general-purpose indoor three-dimensional air flow / air temperature distribution display program (step 11), and the wind speed / air arranged on the spatial grid data. The simulation result of the temperature and the sensory temperature and the shape data of the space used for the simulation input conditions are arranged on the three-dimensional coordinates and graphic processing is performed.
The sensory temperature is basically obtained by multiplying the room temperature and the wind speed, but the amount of clothes, the amount of heat generated by exercise, and the like are also affected.

  By simulating and displaying the simulation results and shape data in this way, the flow and temperature distribution of the air flow and temperature distribution can be three-dimensionally moved, rotated, enlarged and reduced by operating the terminal within the range of the analysis space where the indoor airflow simulation was performed. It can be expressed by particle movement, isolines, and color coding. The analysis area can be rotated and resized by operating the terminal. Furthermore, the display of the object shape in the analysis area can be selected to be displayed or not displayed for each object. By this selection, it is possible to easily display the airflow / temperature distribution which is hidden by the shadow of the object and is difficult to display.

  In the case of a large space such as an entrance hall or a dome-shaped building where only the lower part of the space needs to be air-conditioned, the graphic display processing unit creates a space for displaying a three-dimensional graphic in the simulated space grid. Display processing for selectively cutting out the lattice within the lattice and displaying the cut lattice is executed, and the display processing result is displayed in a three-dimensional graphic on the display unit of the terminal device.

It is also possible to display a two-dimensional cross section along a plane or the same coordinate plane in the space, and simply express the temperature distribution by isolines and color coding on the cross section and the wind speed distribution by vectors.
By this graphic processing, two-dimensional display control is performed as an arbitrary vertical cross-sectional view or a horizontal cross-sectional view omitted from illustration as shown in the lower right of FIG.

  In addition, if there are factors that change the thermal environment, such as changing the layout of indoor furniture and air conditioning equipment, increasing or decreasing the number of people in the room, and the intensity of solar radiation, and if these factors cannot be grasped from the measured values of the sensor, The simulation model data can be updated by constructing new shape data / boundary condition data by input from the input unit.

As described above, basic room shape data is created and stored in advance. When the indoor shape data is changed and reconstructed, the saved shape data is called, picked with the mouse, and placed in the three-dimensional space so that the position can be determined.
In addition, the enlargement / reduction of the shape data can be performed by operating the mouse. By this operation, for example, the area of the air conditioning outlet can be easily changed.

In the present embodiment, boundary conditions in which data change is indispensable with the change in room shape data are also registered in a hierarchical manner.
For example, “air-conditioning outlet: shape” and “wind speed / temperature of airflow to be blown: boundary condition” have a relationship in which setting of the boundary condition is essential when a shape is newly set.
Therefore, to facilitate this setting, by registering both layers in a hierarchical manner, when the upper setting items are read, the lower setting items are automatically displayed, preventing setting omissions and essential items. Selection can be speeded up, and the setting operation can be facilitated.
As the boundary condition, a default value (a value prepared in advance on the program side to be used when there is no input for a value that the user should input) is registered in advance.

Further, in the present embodiment, the room shape data that must be changed with the change of the room shape data is also registered in a hierarchical manner.
For example, a combination of two or more shapes that are expected to be registered at the same time, such as a blowout port and a suction port of an air conditioning facility, can be set quickly by hierarchically registering the combinations.

  Furthermore, when the air-conditioning environment monitoring system of the present invention is incorporated into air-conditioning control, it is possible to add and change countermeasure parameters when inputting from the input unit of the terminal device. If the simulation result of the temperature distribution is out of the appropriate control range, it is possible to carry out a simulation to examine a new countermeasure plan.

  The result data subjected to the graphic processing in step 11 is output to the terminal device and displayed in a three-dimensional drive manner by general-purpose three-dimensional display software stored in the terminal device.

When the predetermined time has elapsed (step 12), the terminal device causes the data logger to acquire and record the detected voltage value of each sensor, repeatedly execute the series of processes described above, display the air-conditioning environment at that time, and the contents It is intended to be reflected in the change and review of the operation and control contents of the air conditioning equipment.
In the present embodiment, the simulation is executed at predetermined time intervals. However, it is preferable to add a function of restarting the simulation by a simulation start command from the input unit of the terminal device.

Below, the example of a display in the display part of a terminal device is outlined.
FIG. 3 is an example in which the wind speed distribution in a room where a heating element such as a computer server is arranged is displayed by integrating the airflow simulation grid data and the three-dimensional shape of the room space by three-dimensional graphic processing. Similarly, FIG. 4 is an example in which the distribution of the indoor air temperature is displayed together with the three-dimensional shape of the indoor space.

FIG. 5 shows that the temperature distribution on the left side of the room is high and the temperature distribution on the right side of the room is low due to the influence of solar radiation, which is a disturbance from the window on the left side of the drawing. I can do it.
According to the prior art of Patent Document 2, even if there is analysis grid data for all grids in the flow, the prescribed predetermined positions are set to a very limited number by the indoor airflow simulation. For example, when the predetermined position is set between two seats, it is controlled in a direction to suppress the cooling, but the vicinity of the left seat becomes increasingly short of cooling. In this case, even if complaints rush to the air conditioner manager, the cause cannot be grasped at all.

  The present invention accurately monitors the indoor temperature condition by monitoring FIG. 5 and precisely adjusts the air temperature, air flow direction, and air flow speed of the air conditioning outlet to minimize the temperature variation of the indoor air and to reduce the indoor space. It is possible to realize energy saving comfortably and allow rough temperature control except for the target.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 incorporates natural ventilation.
As shown in this embodiment, the present invention is not limited to using the simulation result for manual control, and the simulation result can be reflected in the automatic air-conditioning control operation.

  The display example shown in FIG. 7 is an example in which the temperature and wind speed are measured at the five points in the left figure, and the air temperature in the cross section on the left figure AA is displayed in the lower right figure.

The display example shown in FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional display of the air flow from the air outlet of the air conditioning equipment from the perspective of looking out from the outside of one room.
We are searching for the optimal airflow while finely adjusting the air flow rate and air direction from the air outlet of the air conditioning equipment.

Claims (1)

A group of sensors for measuring indoor wind speed and temperature arranged at appropriate positions in a building room to be air-conditioned,
A recording process for acquiring and recording measurement data of each sensor;
Run indoor airflow simulation process,
A computer that outputs and displays the indoor temperature distribution of the air temperature on the monitor;
In the air conditioning environment monitoring system composed of
The computer calculates a temperature distribution in the room by simulation based on simulation model data preliminarily estimated for a spatial grid obtained by dividing a fluid in an analysis target region at an appropriate interval and measurement data acquired from each sensor. And
A graphic display processing unit and an input unit for performing a process for displaying a three-dimensional graphic for the simulated spatial grid;
A terminal device having a display unit for displaying a three-dimensional graphic in response to a command from the three-dimensional graphic display processing unit;
Stores a wind speed / wind direction conversion table created by actually measuring at two positions near the air outlet of the air conditioning facility and using the difference between the two wind speed scalar quantities and the corresponding wind direction as a table.
When estimating the wind direction, calculate the difference in the wind speed scalar quantity at multiple positions near the air outlet, and refer to the wind speed / wind direction conversion table to estimate the wind direction from the obtained wind speed scalar quantity difference An air-conditioning environment monitoring system comprising an estimation means .