JP5673677B2 - concrete - Google Patents
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- JP5673677B2 JP5673677B2 JP2012514633A JP2012514633A JP5673677B2 JP 5673677 B2 JP5673677 B2 JP 5673677B2 JP 2012514633 A JP2012514633 A JP 2012514633A JP 2012514633 A JP2012514633 A JP 2012514633A JP 5673677 B2 JP5673677 B2 JP 5673677B2
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
- C04B28/082—Steelmaking slags; Converter slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は、コンクリートに関する。 The present invention relates to concrete.
一般にコンクリートは、水、セメント、細骨材や粗骨材の骨材、混和材料などを混練して製造されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この中でセメントはコンクリート製造時における二酸化炭素（ＣＯ２）排出量が多い材料であり、環境の観点からすると、環境負荷低減に配慮したとは言いがたい材料である。Generally, concrete is manufactured by kneading water, cement, fine aggregate or coarse aggregate, an admixture, and the like (for example, see Patent Document 1). Among them, cement is a material that emits a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) during the production of concrete. From the viewpoint of the environment, it is difficult to say that the environmental load is reduced.
セメントの使用量を減らし、その代替として高炉スラグやフライアッシュなどの混和材の量を多くすると、コンクリート製造時のＣＯ２の排出量を下げることができる。しかしながら、この場合、セメントの使用量を減らすことにより、コンクリートの強度が低下するおそれがある。If the amount of cement used is reduced and the amount of admixtures such as blast furnace slag and fly ash is increased as an alternative, the amount of CO 2 emitted during concrete production can be reduced. However, in this case, the strength of the concrete may be reduced by reducing the amount of cement used.
本発明は、上記のような課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、ＣＯ２の排出量の低減と強度発現との両立を図ることのできるコンクリートを提供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, its object is to provide a concrete that can achieve both emission reduction and strength development of CO 2.
かかる目的を達成するため、本発明のコンクリートは、１０〜３０重量部のセメントと、０〜５重量部のシリカフュームと、０〜３０重量部のフライアッシュと、５０〜７０重量部の高炉スラグと、を有し、前記セメントと前記シリカフュームと前記フライアッシュと前記高炉スラグの合計が１００重量部となる結合材（Ｂ）と、アルカリ成分、石膏、トリイソプロパノールアミン、石灰石微粉のうちの少なくとも１種以上の添加材と、水（Ｗ）と、細骨材（Ｓ）と粗骨材（Ｇ）を含む骨材（Ａ）と、化学混和剤（ＡＤ）と、を有し、単位セメント量が２９〜８９ｋｇ／ｍ 3 であることを特徴とする。
このようなコンクリートによれば、ＣＯ2の排出量の低減と強度発現との両立を図ることが可能である。
To achieve this object, the concrete of the present invention comprises 10 to 30 parts by weight of cement, 0 to 5 parts by weight of silica fume, 0 to 30 parts by weight of fly ash, and 50 to 70 parts by weight of blast furnace slag. , have a, a binder total of the blast furnace slag the said cement silica fume and the fly ash is 100 parts by weight (B), the alkali component, gypsum, triisopropanolamine, at least one of limestone fines and more additives, and water (W), the aggregate comprising fine aggregate (S) and coarse aggregate (G) is the (a), a chemical admixture with (AD), have a, the amount of unit cement characterized in that it is a 29~89kg / m 3.
According to such concrete, it is possible to achieve both reduction in CO 2 emission and strength development.
かかるコンクリートであって、前記セメントを１０〜２０重量部とし、前記フライアッシュを１０〜３０重量部とすることが望ましい。
このようなコンクリートによれば、ＣＯ２の排出量の低減と強度発現とのバランスをさらに良くすることができる。In this concrete, it is desirable that the cement is 10 to 20 parts by weight and the fly ash is 10 to 30 parts by weight.
According to such concrete, it is possible to further improve the balance between the reduction of CO 2 emission and the development of strength.
かかるコンクリートであって、前記水（Ｗ）と前記結合材（Ｂ）との重量比である水結合材比（Ｗ／Ｂ）が３７．３％以上４０．７％以下であることが望ましい。 In such concrete, it is desirable that a water binder ratio (W / B), which is a weight ratio of the water (W) and the binder (B), is 37.3% to 40.7%.
また、標準養生２８日圧縮強度が３０〜７０Ｎ／ｍｍ２であることが望ましい。The standard curing 28-day compression strength is desirably 30 to 70 N / mm 2 .
かかるコンクリートであって、前記アルカリ成分は、水酸化カルシウムであることが望ましい。また、前記結合材（Ｂ）に対する前記水酸化カルシウムの重量比が０．１％未満であることが望ましい。 In such concrete, the alkali component is preferably calcium hydroxide. Moreover, it is desirable that the weight ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the binder (B) is less than 0.1%.
かかるコンクリートであって、前記石膏は、天然の無水石膏であることが望ましい。また、前記結合材（Ｂ）に対する前記石膏の重量比が１．４％以上６．０％以下であることが望ましい。 In such concrete, the gypsum is preferably natural anhydrous gypsum. Moreover, it is desirable that the weight ratio of the gypsum to the binder (B) is 1.4% or more and 6.0% or less.
また、前記結合材（Ｂ）に対する前記石灰石微粉の重量比が１９．０％以上３２．０％以下であることが望ましい。また、前記結合材（Ｂ）に対する前記トリイソプロパノールアミンの重量比が１．０％未満であることが望ましい。 The weight ratio of the limestone fine powder to the binder (B) is preferably 19.0% or more and 32.0% or less. Moreover, it is desirable that the weight ratio of the triisopropanolamine to the binder (B) is less than 1.0%.
本発明によれば、ＣＯ２の排出量の低減と強度発現との両立を図ることが可能である。According to the present invention, it is possible to achieve both reduction in CO 2 emission and strength development.
本発明の実施形態について以下にさらに詳しく説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
コンクリートは、水、セメント、細骨材、粗骨材等を含んで構成されている。本実施形態では、ＣＯ２排出量の多いセメントの使用量を減らし、セメントの代替材料としてＣＯ２排出量が少ない混和材（結合材）を使用するようにした。このように、セメントの使用量を極力減らすことで、コンクリート製造時のＣＯ２の排出量を削減することが可能となる。しかしながら、セメントの使用量が少なくなることによってコンクリートの強度が低下するおそれが有る。Concrete includes water, cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and the like. In this embodiment, the amount of cement used with a large amount of CO 2 emission is reduced, and an admixture (binding material) with a small amount of CO 2 emission is used as an alternative material for cement. In this way, by reducing the amount of cement used as much as possible, it becomes possible to reduce the amount of CO 2 emitted during concrete production. However, there is a possibility that the strength of the concrete may be reduced by reducing the amount of cement used.
そこで、本実施形態では以下に示すような検討により、ＣＯ２の低減とフレッシュ性状及び強度発現のバランスを考慮した材料構成のコンクリートの開発を行った。Therefore, in the present embodiment, a concrete having a material structure that takes into consideration the balance between CO 2 reduction, fresh properties, and strength development has been developed by the following studies.
（１）結合材の使用割合の検討：
前述したようにＣＯ２排出量の多いセメントの使用量を極力少なくし、ＣＯ２排出量の少ない結合材を増やすようにした。本実施形態では、高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、シリカフュームを結合材として用いた。但し、結合材は、ＣＯ２排出の他に強度発現やフレッシュ性状に影響するため、セメント、高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、シリカフュームの使用割合のバランスを検討した。(1) Examination of the proportion of binder used:
As described above, the amount of cement with a large amount of CO 2 emission was reduced as much as possible, and the binder with a small amount of CO 2 emission was increased. In this embodiment, blast furnace slag, fly ash, and silica fume are used as the binder. However, since the binder affects strength development and fresh properties in addition to CO 2 emissions, the balance of the use ratio of cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash, and silica fume was examined.
（２）添加材料の検討：
強度の向上を図るため、水酸化カルシウム（アルカリ成分に相当する）、石膏、強度増進剤、石灰石微粉末の配合について検討を行った。(2) Examination of additive materials:
In order to improve the strength, studies were made on the combination of calcium hydroxide (corresponding to an alkali component), gypsum, a strength enhancer, and fine limestone powder.
水酸化カルシウムは、アルカリの刺激によりスラグ、フライアッシュなどの硬化を促進させるものである。本実施形態ではスラッジ水を模擬した水酸化カルシウム溶液を使用した。 Calcium hydroxide promotes hardening of slag, fly ash, etc. by alkali stimulation. In this embodiment, a calcium hydroxide solution simulating sludge water is used.
また、石膏には、二水石膏、半水石膏、無水石膏があるが、本実施形態では無水石膏を使用した。さらに、無水石膏には、フッ素製造時に副生する（産業副産物の）無水石膏や、天然に産出する無水石膏等があるが、本実施形態では天然の無水石膏を使用した。なお、石膏は、前述した高炉スラグの一部とする。 The gypsum includes dihydrate gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum, and anhydrous gypsum. In this embodiment, anhydrous gypsum was used. Further, anhydrous gypsum includes anhydrous gypsum (by-product by-product) that is produced as a by-product during fluorine production, and anhydrous gypsum that is naturally produced. In this embodiment, natural anhydrous gypsum was used. The gypsum is part of the blast furnace slag described above.
また、本実施形態では、トリイソプロパノールアミンを主成分とする強度増進剤を使用した。 In this embodiment, a strength enhancer mainly composed of triisopropanolamine is used.
さらに、化学混和剤（ＡＤ）の配合について検討を行った。化学混和剤（ＡＤ）としては、例えば、減水剤、高性能ＡＥ減水剤、ＡＥ減水剤、高性能減水剤がある。 Furthermore, the compounding of the chemical admixture (AD) was examined. Examples of the chemical admixture (AD) include a water reducing agent, a high performance AE water reducing agent, an AE water reducing agent, and a high performance water reducing agent.
（３）水量の検討：
ＣＯ２を低減するにはセメントを含む結合材の量を低減することが有効である。一方、強度は水結合材比(結合材量と水量の割合)に依存する。従って、結合材の量を低減させる場合、水量も併せて低減させるようにした。(3) Examination of water volume:
In order to reduce CO 2 , it is effective to reduce the amount of the binder containing cement. On the other hand, the strength depends on the water binder ratio (ratio between the amount of binder and the amount of water). Therefore, when the amount of the binder is reduced, the amount of water is also reduced.
以下、実施例をあげて本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, this invention is not limited to this.
＜使用材料＞
表１は本実施例で使用した原料の詳細である。<Materials used>
Table 1 shows the details of the raw materials used in this example.
なお、表１のうちセメント（ＯＰＣ）、シリカフューム（ＳＦ）、フライアッシュ（ＦＡ）、高炉スラグ微粉末（ＧＧＢＳ）は結合材（Ｂ）に相当する。また、水酸化カルシウム溶液(Ｗ２)中の水酸化カルシウム（Ｃａ(ＯＨ)２）、無水石膏（ＣａＳＯ４）、石灰石微粉末（ＬＳＰ）、強度増進剤（ＳＩ）は添加材に相当する。なお、無水石膏は、高炉スラグ微粉末の一部とする。In Table 1, cement (OPC), silica fume (SF), fly ash (FA), and blast furnace slag fine powder (GGBS) correspond to the binder (B). In addition, calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ), anhydrous gypsum (CaSO 4 ), limestone fine powder (LSP), and strength enhancer (SI) in the calcium hydroxide solution (W2) correspond to the additive. The anhydrous gypsum is a part of the blast furnace slag fine powder.
本実施例における各原料の配合量を表２に示す。また、各原料の主な配合の割合を表３に示す。上記原料を表２、表３のように混合した。なお、表２、表３のＮｏの欄の％は、結合材（ＯＰＣ＋ＳＦ＋ＦＡ＋ＧＧＢＳ）に対するセメント（ＯＰＣ）の割合を示している。 Table 2 shows the blending amount of each raw material in this example. In addition, Table 3 shows the proportions of main ingredients of each raw material. The raw materials were mixed as shown in Tables 2 and 3. In Tables 2 and 3, “No” column indicates the ratio of cement (OPC) to the binder (OPC + SF + FA + GGBS).
また、セメントの割合が４０％のコンクリートを比較例とした。この比較例のセメントの割合（４０％）は、高炉セメントＢ種（JIS R 5211）におけるセメントの使用割合の最小値に相当する。なお、高炉セメントＣ種では、セメントの割合の最小値は３０％（スラグの割合の最大値が７０％）である。本実施例では、セメントの割合をこの３０％以下にしている。すなわち、セメントの使用量を極力少なくしている。 Further, a concrete having a cement ratio of 40% was used as a comparative example. The proportion of cement in this comparative example (40%) corresponds to the minimum value of the proportion of cement used in blast furnace cement type B (JIS R 5211). In the blast furnace cement type C, the minimum value of the cement ratio is 30% (the maximum value of the slag ratio is 70%). In this embodiment, the cement ratio is set to 30% or less. That is, the amount of cement used is minimized.
表３において、水結合材比（Ｗ／Ｂ）は、水（Ｗ１＋Ｗ２＋Ｗ３）／結合材（ＯＰＣ＋ＳＦ＋ＦＡ＋ＧＧＢＳ）である。また、細骨材率(ｓ／ａ)は、細骨材（Ｓ）／骨材（Ｓ＋Ｇ１＋Ｇ２）である。なお、ＣａＳＯ４は、ＧＧＢＳの一部とする。In Table 3, the water binder ratio (W / B) is water (W1 + W2 + W3) / binder (OPC + SF + FA + GGBS). The fine aggregate rate (s / a) is fine aggregate (S) / aggregate (S + G1 + G2). CaSO 4 is part of GGBS.
＜コンクリートの製造条件＞
表４は、コンクリートの配調合条件を示す表である。また、表５は、コンクリートの製造条件（練混ぜ方法）を示す表である。<Concrete production conditions>
Table 4 is a table showing concrete mixing conditions. Table 5 is a table showing concrete production conditions (mixing method).
＜試験項目＞
（１）フレッシュ性状試験
フレッシュ性状試験として、練り上がりのスランプ、空気量、温度を測定した。なお、スランプ及び空気量の試験方法は、それぞれJIS A 1101(BS 1881 Part102)、JIS A 1128(BS 1881 Part106)に準拠した。また、コンクリートの温度は温度計によって測定した。
（２）圧縮強度試験
φ１００*２００ｍｍ(１５０*１５０*１５０ｍｍ)の供試体を作成して水中養生後、JIS A 1108(BS EN 206)に準じて２０℃(２３℃)および５０℃の圧縮強度を測定した。
（３）乾燥収縮試験
１００*１００*４００ｍｍ(７５*７５*２８５ｍｍ)の供試体を作成して材齢７日まで水中養生後、JIS A 1129(ASTM C 157)に準じて乾燥による収縮変化（長さ変化）を測定した。
[注]上記の（ ）内の規準及び寸法は、No.7の場合に適用した。<Test items>
(1) Fresh property test As a fresh property test, the slump, air amount, and temperature of kneading were measured. In addition, the test method of slump and air quantity was based on JIS A 1101 (BS 1881 Part102) and JIS A 1128 (BS 1881 Part106), respectively. The concrete temperature was measured with a thermometer.
(2) Compressive strength test After preparing specimens of φ100 * 200mm (150 * 150 * 150mm) and curing in water, compressive strength at 20 ° C (23 ° C) and 50 ° C according to JIS A 1108 (BS EN 206) Was measured.
(3) Drying shrinkage test 100 * 100 * 400mm (75 * 75 * 285mm) specimen was prepared and cured under water until the age of 7 days, then shrinkage change due to drying according to JIS A 1129 (ASTM C 157) ( Length change) was measured.
[Note] The criteria and dimensions in parentheses above apply to No.7.
＜試験結果＞
フレッシュ性状試験の試験結果を表６に示す。
Table 6 shows the test results of the fresh property test.
表６に示すように、比較例ではスランプの値が目標値（１５ｃｍ）よりも小さいのに対し、本実施例（Ｎｏ.１〜Ｎｏ.２０）では、ほとんど目標値を超えている。つまり、施工性に関して、比較例よりも本実施例の方が良好である。また、空気量、温度については比較例とほぼ同等である。 As shown in Table 6, while the slump value is smaller than the target value (15 cm) in the comparative example, the present example (No. 1 to No. 20) almost exceeds the target value. That is, this example is better than the comparative example with respect to workability. The air amount and temperature are almost the same as those in the comparative example.
次に、圧縮強度試験の試験結果を表７に示す。
表７に示すように、本実施例では、比較例よりもセメントの使用量が少なくなっているにもかかわらず、比較例に近い圧縮強度が得られた。特に、セメントの割合が１０〜２０％においても良好な圧縮強度が得られた。なお、本実施例（Ｎｏ.１〜Ｎｏ.２０）における材齢２８日の２０℃(２３℃)の圧縮強度は、３２．１〜６９．４Ｎ／ｍｍ２であった。
[注]上記の（ ）内の温度は、No.7の場合に適用した。As shown in Table 7, in this example, although the amount of cement used was smaller than that of the comparative example, a compressive strength close to that of the comparative example was obtained. In particular, good compressive strength was obtained even when the proportion of cement was 10 to 20%. In this example (No. 1 to No. 20), the compressive strength at 20 ° C. (23 ° C.) on the age of 28 days was 32.1 to 69.4 N / mm 2 .
[Note] The temperature in parentheses above was applied to the case of No.7.
次に、乾燥収縮試験の試験結果を表８に示す。
表８の長さ変化においてマイナスは、元の長さに対して収縮したことを示している。なお、逆に、この値がプラスになる場合は伸張したことになる。
表８に示すように、乾燥による長さ変化（収縮量）は、比較例よりも本実施例の方が小さくなっている。つまり、本実施例では、比較例よりもひび割れが生じにくいと言える。In the length change in Table 8, minus indicates that the original length contracted. On the contrary, if this value is positive, it means that it has been expanded.
As shown in Table 8, the length change (shrinkage amount) due to drying is smaller in the present example than in the comparative example. That is, in this example, it can be said that cracks are less likely to occur than in the comparative example.
以上、説明したように、本実施例ではＣＯ２排出量の多いセメントの使用量を極力少なくし、ＣＯ２排出量の少ない混和材（結合材）を増やすようにした。具体的には、結合材に対するセメントの割合を１０〜３０％とし、シリカフュームを０〜５％、フライアッシュを０〜３０％、高炉スラグを５０〜７０％とした。また、アルカリ成分の水酸化カルシウム（Ｃａ(ＯＨ)２）、石膏（ＣａＳＯ４）、強度増進剤（ＳＩ）、石灰石微粉（ＬＳＰ）のうちの少なくとも一つの添加材を配合するようにした。なお、石膏は、高炉スラグの一部とする。
さらに、細骨材及び粗骨材を含む骨材と、水と、高性能ＡＥ減水剤等の化学混和剤とによりコンクリートを構成した。
こうすることにより、ＣＯ２の排出量が低く、フレッシュ性状や強度発現の優れたコンクリートを得ることが可能である。As described above, in this embodiment, the amount of cement used with a large amount of CO 2 emission is reduced as much as possible, and the admixture (binding material) with a small amount of CO 2 emission is increased. Specifically, the ratio of cement to the binder was 10 to 30%, silica fume was 0 to 5%, fly ash was 0 to 30%, and blast furnace slag was 50 to 70%. In addition, at least one additive of calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ), gypsum (CaSO 4 ), strength enhancer (SI), and limestone fine powder (LSP), which is an alkaline component, is blended. Gypsum is part of the blast furnace slag.
Furthermore, concrete was composed of an aggregate including fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, water, and a chemical admixture such as a high-performance AE water reducing agent.
By doing so, it is possible to obtain concrete having low CO 2 emission and excellent fresh properties and strength.
上記実施形態は、本発明の理解を容易にするためのものであり、本発明を限定して解釈するためのものではない。本発明は、その趣旨を逸脱することなく、変更、改良され得ると共に、本発明にはその等価物が含まれることはいうまでもない。 The above embodiment is for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and it is needless to say that the present invention includes equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
アルカリ成分、石膏、トリイソプロパノールアミン、石灰石微粉のうちの少なくとも１種以上の添加材と、
水（Ｗ）と、
細骨材（Ｓ）と粗骨材（Ｇ）を含む骨材（Ａ）と、
化学混和剤（ＡＤ）と、
を有し、
単位セメント量が２９〜８９ｋｇ／ｍ 3 であることを特徴とするコンクリート。 10-30 and parts of the cement, and from 0 to 5 parts by weight silica fume, and fly ash from 0 to 30 parts by weight, have a, and blast furnace slag from 50 to 70 parts by weight, the said and the cement silica fume fly A binder (B) in which the total of ash and the blast furnace slag is 100 parts by weight ;
At least one additive selected from alkali components, gypsum, triisopropanolamine, and limestone fine powder;
Water (W),
An aggregate (A) including a fine aggregate (S) and a coarse aggregate (G);
A chemical admixture (AD),
I have a,
Concrete unit amount cement characterized in that it is a 29~89kg / m 3.
前記セメントを１０〜２０重量部とし、前記フライアッシュを１０〜３０重量部としたことを特徴とするコンクリート。 The concrete according to claim 1,
Concrete comprising 10 to 20 parts by weight of the cement and 10 to 30 parts by weight of the fly ash.
前記水（Ｗ）と前記結合材（Ｂ）との重量比である水結合材比（Ｗ／Ｂ）が３７．３％以上４０．７％以下であることを特徴とするコンクリート。 The concrete according to claim 1 or 2,
Concrete having a water binder ratio (W / B), which is a weight ratio of the water (W) and the binder (B), of 37.3% to 40.7%.
標準養生２８日圧縮強度が３０〜７０Ｎ／ｍｍ２であることを特徴とするコンクリート。 The concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Concrete having a standard curing 28-day compressive strength of 30 to 70 N / mm 2.
前記アルカリ成分は、水酸化カルシウムであることを特徴とするコンクリート。 The concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Concrete, wherein the alkali component is calcium hydroxide.
前記結合材（Ｂ）に対する前記水酸化カルシウムの重量比が０．１％未満であることを特徴とするコンクリート。 The concrete according to claim 5,
Concrete, wherein a weight ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the binder (B) is less than 0.1%.
前記石膏は、天然の無水石膏であることを特徴とするコンクリート。 The concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The concrete is characterized in that the gypsum is natural anhydrous gypsum.
前記結合材（Ｂ）に対する前記石膏の重量比が１．４％以上６．０％以下であることを特徴とするコンクリート。 The concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Concrete, wherein a weight ratio of the gypsum to the binder (B) is 1.4% or more and 6.0% or less.
前記結合材（Ｂ）に対する前記石灰石微粉の重量比が１９．０％以上３２．０％以下であることを特徴とするコンクリート。 The concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
Concrete having a weight ratio of the limestone fine powder to the binder (B) of 19.0% or more and 32.0% or less.
前記結合材（Ｂ）に対する前記トリイソプロパノールアミンの重量比が１．０％未満であることを特徴とするコンクリート。 The concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The concrete characterized in that the weight ratio of the triisopropanolamine to the binder (B) is less than 1.0%.
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