JP5664376B2 - Virtual machine assignment system and virtual machine assignment method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a virtual machine allocation system and a virtual machine allocation method, and more particularly to a system and method for determining an efficient allocation method of a virtual machine to a physical computer based on a history of resource usage.

  In a data center or the like, usually, a plurality of virtual machines (virtual machines) are allocated to a plurality of physical machines (physical machines) for operation. Each physical computer can be operated by assigning a plurality of virtual computers. This method enables operation with fewer physical computers than the number of virtual computers, and the location and cost for installing the physical computers. Can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to operate more efficiently if a larger number of virtual machines are assigned to one physical computer.

  However, since resources such as CPU, main memory, and auxiliary storage device in a physical computer are finite, a plurality of virtual machines are allocated to one physical computer so that the total amount of resources required for the virtual computer does not exceed the resource amount of the physical computer. It is necessary to assign a computer.

  Therefore, conventionally, when allocating a plurality of virtual machines to one physical computer, a method of allocating based on the experience and intuition of the operator from the resource usage such as CPU and main memory at the time of maximum load has been taken. However, it is difficult to examine all combinations, and it is impossible to find an optimal allocation method.

  Therefore, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of determining a required resource amount of a virtual computer by a load test such as the assumed number of users and determining assignment of the virtual computer to a physical computer based on the required resource amount. .

  Patent Document 2 discloses a method of changing resources allocated to each virtual machine in accordance with the load of each virtual machine that changes from moment to moment.

JP 2010-271863 A JP 2003-157177 A

  However, in the technique described in Patent Literature 1, for example, the assumed resource amount of each of the virtual machines A, B, and C is the virtual machine A (the resource amount 50 from 0:00 to 12:00, 12:00 to 24:00). Resource amount 0), virtual computer B (resource amount 50 from 0:00 to 12:00, resource amount 0 from 12:00 to 24:00), and virtual computer C (resource amount 0 from 0:00 to 12:00, 12:00 to 24) If the resource amount is 60), the total required resource amount of the virtual machines A, B, and C is 160%, which exceeds 100% of the resource amount of the physical computer. Despite being different, there is a problem that virtual machines A, B, and C cannot be assigned to one physical machine.

  In the technique described in Patent Document 2, the resource allocated to each virtual machine is changed according to the load of each virtual machine that changes from moment to moment, but the maximum number of virtual computers aggregated to the physical computer is maximized. Cannot be realized.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and aims to maximize the number of virtual computers aggregated to a physical computer and to efficiently allocate a plurality of virtual computers to one physical computer. An object is to provide a virtual machine allocation system and the like.

  A virtual machine allocation system according to the present invention is a virtual machine allocation system that allocates a plurality of virtual machines to at least one physical computer, and is a resource usage fee for measuring the resource usage of each virtual machine at predetermined time intervals. Measuring means, storage means for storing information on the resource amount of each physical computer, and the sum of the resource usage of each virtual computer for each time does not exceed the resource amount of the physical computer stored in the storage means And a virtual machine assignment determining means for allocating the plurality of virtual machines to the physical machine so that the number of the physical machines is minimized.

  The virtual machine allocation method according to the present invention is a virtual machine allocation method for allocating a plurality of virtual machines to at least one physical computer, and measuring the resource usage of each virtual machine at a predetermined time; Storing the information of the resource amount of each physical computer, and the sum of the resource usage of each virtual computer for each time does not exceed the resource amount of the physical computer stored in the storage unit; Determining allocation of the plurality of virtual machines to the physical computer such that the number of computers is minimized.

  According to the virtual machine allocation system and the like of the present invention configured as described above, a virtual machine with a high load and a virtual machine with a low load can be allocated to the same physical computer, so that each virtual machine has a smaller number of physical computers. Can be executed efficiently. In addition, since it is possible to perform allocation more efficiently than experienced persons infer and allocate with intuition and experience, it is possible to operate automatically and without human intervention, and to reduce costs such as labor costs Can do.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the virtual machine allocation system of this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of the virtual machine allocation method of this embodiment. In this embodiment, it is a figure which shows an example of the information memorize | stored in an auxiliary storage device. In this embodiment, it is a figure which shows an example of a physical computer resource amount list | wrist. In this embodiment, it is a figure which shows an example of a temporary allocation table. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of the virtual machine allocation method of this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of the virtual machine allocation method of this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of the virtual machine allocation method of this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of the virtual machine allocation method of this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of the virtual machine allocation method of this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of the virtual machine allocation method of this embodiment. In this embodiment, it is a figure which shows an example of the correspondence table of the physical computer after allocation, and a virtual computer.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a virtual machine allocation system (hereinafter simply referred to as “system”) 100 according to an embodiment of this invention.

  As illustrated in FIG. 1, the system 100 includes a plurality of physical computers 1, an auxiliary storage device 2, a data processing device 3, a storage device 4, and an output device 5.

  The physical computer 1 is a device that can execute the processing of the resource usage measurement program 11 that measures the resource usage of one or more virtual machines 101 operating on the physical computer 1.

  The resource usage measurement program (resource usage measurement means) 11 performs a process of recording the resource usage for each virtual machine 101 in the auxiliary storage device 2 for each date and time. The “resource usage amount” in the present embodiment is, for example, a CPU usage rate or a main memory usage amount.

  The auxiliary storage device 2 is a database in which the resource usage measurement program 11 records the resource usage for each virtual computer 101 described above for each date and time.

  The storage device 4 is a database (storage unit) that stores virtual computer list data 41 and resource amount list data 42 of the physical computer 1.

  The data processing device 3 is a device that can execute the processing of the virtual machine allocation determination program (virtual machine allocation determination means) 31.

  The virtual machine assignment determination program 31 acquires the virtual machine 101 that needs to be operated from the virtual machine list 41 and performs a process of assigning it to each physical machine 1. (1) Recorded in the auxiliary storage device 2 So that the sum of the resource usage of each virtual computer 101 at each time does not exceed the resource amount of the physical computer 1 and (2) the number of physical computers 1 to be used is minimized. Can be processed. Further, the virtual machine assignment determination program 31 can execute a process of outputting the obtained virtual machine assignment result to the output device 5 such as a screen or a file.

  The output device 5 is an output unit that can display a virtual computer assignment result to a user, and is, for example, a display device such as a display or a printing device.

  Hereinafter, with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, the operation process of the virtual machine assignment method (virtual machine assignment determination program 31) of this embodiment will be described. Note that the processes shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2 can be executed in any order or in parallel as long as the process contents do not contradict each other.

  As pre-processing of the operation process of the virtual machine allocation program 31, the resource usage measurement program 11 measures the resource usage of each virtual machine 101 and records it in the auxiliary storage device 2. This recording is performed for each virtual machine, each date, and each time. For example, when the number of virtual computers to be operated is M (M is a natural number) and the measurement interval is 1 minute, information as shown in FIG. 3 is recorded.

  The virtual machine allocation determination program 31 performs the following steps to determine how to allocate virtual machines in a range that does not exceed the resource amount of each physical computer 1 and that minimizes the number of necessary physical computers. decide. Assuming that the number of physical computers 1 is N, the CPU resource amount and main storage resource amount are recorded in the physical computer resource amount list 42 for each physical computer 1 as shown in FIG.

  First, a list of virtual machines is acquired from the virtual machine list 41 (step A1). Specifically, for example, a list of acquired virtual machines may be expressed as V (M) <V (M) = {virtual machine 101-1, virtual machine 101-2,..., Virtual machine 101-M}>. it can.

  Next, a list of physical computers and a resource amount of each physical computer are acquired from the physical computer resource amount list 42 (step A2).

  Next, a temporary allocation table representing allocation between physical computers and virtual computers is initialized (step A3). For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the temporary allocation table represents the correspondence (allocation) between a physical computer and a virtual computer. Immediately after initialization, information on the virtual computer to be allocated to each physical computer is reset. (The fact that all the columns shown in FIG. 5 are empty means that no virtual machine is assigned to any physical computer).

  Next, an allocation search subroutine is executed using the temporary allocation table and the virtual machine list V (M) as arguments (step A4). Here, the allocation search subroutine is the following (from the temporary allocation table of arguments, the virtual computer list 41, the physical computer resource amount list 42, and the past resource usage recorded in the auxiliary storage device 2. 1) A method of assigning virtual machines satisfying the condition of (2) is returned as a result (step A5).

  (1) The sum of the resource usage of each virtual machine 101 recorded in the auxiliary storage device 2 for each time does not exceed the resource quantity of the physical computer.

  (2) The number of physical computers 1 to be used is minimized.

  When the assignment satisfying the above conditions can be performed (step A5: Yes), the assignment method is output (step A6). On the other hand, when the above allocation cannot be performed (step A5: No), the allocation search subroutine returns a result indicating that there is no allocation (output that allocation is impossible) (step A7).

  Here, the allocation search subroutine will be described with reference to FIGS. The allocation search subroutine searches for a virtual machine allocation method using a recursive algorithm. When the allocation search subroutine is called, the arguments of (1) virtual machine list 41 and (2) temporary allocation table are received. Note that the processes shown in the flowcharts of FIGS. 6 to 10 can be executed in any order or in parallel within a range in which there is no contradiction in the process contents.

  First, as shown in FIG. 6, it is confirmed whether or not there is one or more virtual machines in the argument virtual machine list 41 (step B1). If there is no virtual machine (step B1: No), as shown in FIG. 10, a value indicating that an allocation method satisfying the condition in the process of step B99 and a value in the temporary allocation table of arguments are returned. To end the process.

  Next, one virtual machine is selected from the argument virtual machine list (step B2). It is assumed that the selected virtual machine is Vt, and V (i−1) is the one obtained by removing Vt from the virtual machine list.

  Next, the discovery flag (flag) F1 indicating that the assignment of the virtual machine satisfying the condition has been discovered is turned off (step B3).

  Next, one physical computer is selected from the first row of the argument temporary allocation table (step B4). Note that the selected physical computer is Pt.

  Next, the resource usage check subroutine is called with the argument temporary allocation table, virtual machine Vt, and physical machine Pt as arguments (step B5). In the resource usage check subroutine, the resource usage of each virtual machine and virtual machine Vt registered in the row of the physical computer Pt in the temporary allocation table is read from the auxiliary storage device 2, and the sum taken for each time is the physical computer. It is inspected that the physical resource amount in the resource amount list 42 is not exceeded (step B6). As a result of the inspection, if the resource amount is not exceeded, OK is returned, and if the resource amount is exceeded, NG is returned. The specific operation process of the resource usage amount inspection subroutine will be described later. If the inspection result is NG (step B6: NG), the process proceeds to step B13.

  On the other hand, if the inspection result is OK (step B6: OK), as shown in FIG. 7, the argument temporary allocation table is copied to the local variable temporary allocation table W (step B7).

  Next, the virtual machine Vt is added to the local variable temporary allocation table W (step B8). Here, the added row is the physical computer Pt, and the column is empty.

  Next, an allocation search subroutine is executed (step B9). This causes a recursive call to be executed. The local variable temporary allocation table W and the virtual machine list V (i-1) are designated and called as arguments. If an allocation method is found, the returned allocation table is T.

  Next, it is determined whether or not an allocation method has been found (step B10). If found (step B10: Yes), the process proceeds to step B11. If not found (step B10: No), the process proceeds to step B13. The process is executed for the next physical computer.

  Next, it is checked whether or not the flag F1 is ON (step B11). When the flag F1 is OFF (step B11: No), the table T is copied to the local variable X (step B12). The local variable X is a return value candidate of this subroutine. In the allocation table X, the number of rows in which the virtual computer name is set in the column is substituted into the local variable Np. The local variable Np is the number of physical computers in use at the time of the allocation table X.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8, it is inspected whether or not all physical computers have been executed (step B13). If execution has been completed for all physical computers (step B13: Yes), it is checked whether the flag F1 is ON (step B14). If the flag F1 is ON (step B14: Yes), the value of the local variable X is the allocation method of the target virtual machine, so the process ends with this value and that the allocation method is found as a return value (step B15). ). On the other hand, when the flag F1 is OFF (step B14: No), the return value is that no allocation method was found (step B17).

  If there is a physical computer that has not yet been executed in step B13 (step B13: No), the physical computer in the next row is set as Pt (step B16), and the process returns to step B5.

  Further, when the flag F1 is ON in the process of step B11 (step B11: No), as shown in FIG. 9, the number of physical computers used in the virtual machine allocation table T of the return value is local. It is checked whether or not it is smaller than the variable Np (step B18). When the number of used physical computers is smaller than the local variable Np (step B18: Yes), the table T is copied to the local variable X, and the row in the allocation table X in which the virtual computer name is set in the column The number is substituted into the local variable Np (step B19). Next, the process proceeds to step B12 in order to process all the physical computers.

  Next, the resource usage amount inspection subroutine will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the processes shown in the flowchart of FIG. 11 can be executed in any order or in parallel as long as the process contents do not contradict each other.

  By referring to the physical computer Pt passed by the argument and the temporary allocation table passed by the argument, the virtual machine assigned to the physical computer Pt passed by the argument is determined. The resource usage of the zero or more virtual machines and the virtual machine Vt passed as an argument is acquired from the auxiliary storage device 2 (step C1). At this time, it is assumed that the information of the oldest time is acquired, and the resource usage of the virtual machine with no information is “0”.

  Next, the sum of the resource usage acquired in the process of step C1 is obtained (step C2).

  Next, the physical computer resource amount passed as an argument is acquired from the physical computer resource amount list 42 (step C3).

  Next, it is checked whether or not the sum of the past resource usage obtained in the process of Step C1 is larger than each resource amount of the physical computer (Step C4). If even one is not less than the resource amount of the physical computer (step C4: No), the return value is set to NG (step C8), and the processing of this flow is terminated. On the other hand, if it is equal to or less than the resource amount of the physical computer (step C4: Yes), it is checked whether or not all past resource use amounts of the auxiliary storage device 2 have been inspected (step C5). If all the resource usages have been inspected (step C5: Yes), the return value is OK and the process ends (step C7).

  On the other hand, if not all resource usage has been inspected (step C5: No), the resource usage at the next time is acquired from the auxiliary storage device 2 (step C6), and the process proceeds to step C2. Note that the resource usage to be acquired is the same as the processing of step C1, the physical computer Pt passed by the argument, the virtual computer assigned to the physical computer Pt passed by the argument, and the virtual computer passed by the argument This is the resource usage of Vt. The virtual machine assigned to the physical computer Pt passed by the argument can be determined by the temporary assignment table passed by the argument.

  Through the above steps, the correspondence table between the physical computer and the virtual computer shown in FIG. 12 is obtained. From this table, the number of required physical computers and how to assign virtual computers to each physical computer can be understood. The person in charge of the operation compares the current virtual machine assignment method with the output assignment method, and decides whether or not to select a new output assignment method because the number of required physical computers is reduced. can do.

  In addition, it is possible to operate with an efficient number of physical computers by periodically executing the above steps every month or the like and reviewing the assignment of virtual computers to physical computers.

  As described above, according to the virtual machine assignment method of the present embodiment, the following effects are obtained.

  The first effect is that a virtual machine with a high load and a virtual machine with a low load can be assigned to the same physical computer. As a result, each virtual machine can be efficiently executed with a smaller number of physical computers than when the allocation method is determined based only on the resource usage at the maximum load of each virtual machine.

  The second effect is that an experienced person can perform allocation more efficiently than inferring and allocating with intuition and experience. As a result, it is possible to operate automatically and without manual operation, and it is possible to reduce costs such as labor costs.

<Modification>
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention should not be limited to the above embodiments, and does not depart from the spirit and scope expressed in the claims. Various modifications, additions, and omissions are possible by those skilled in the art.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the CPU usage rate and the main memory usage amount are used as resources. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other resource usage amounts such as a magnetic disk device and a network device are added. Thus, it is possible to realize an allocation more suitable for the system.

  A part or all of the above-described embodiment can be described as in the following supplementary notes, but is not limited thereto.

  (Appendix 1) A virtual machine allocation system that allocates a plurality of virtual machines to at least one physical machine, the resource usage fee measuring means for measuring the resource usage of each virtual machine every predetermined time, and Storage means for storing information on the resource amount of each physical computer, and the sum of the resource usage of each virtual computer for each time does not exceed the resource amount of the physical computer stored in the storage means, and the physical A virtual machine assignment system comprising: virtual machine assignment determination means for assigning the plurality of virtual machines to the physical machine so that the number of computers is minimized.

  (Supplementary note 2) The virtual machine assignment system according to supplementary note 1, further comprising output means for outputting a result of assigning the plurality of virtual machines to the physical computer.

  (Supplementary note 3) The virtual machine allocation system according to supplementary note 1 or supplementary note 2, wherein the resource usage of the virtual machine includes a usage rate of a CPU and a usage amount of a storage device.

  (Appendix 4) A virtual machine allocation method for allocating a plurality of virtual machines to at least one physical machine, the step of measuring the resource usage of each virtual machine every predetermined time; The step of storing resource amount information, and the sum of resource usage amounts of each virtual computer for each time does not exceed the resource amount of the physical computer stored in the storage means, and the number of the physical computers is the minimum And determining the allocation of the plurality of virtual machines to the physical computer.

  The present invention can be used, for example, in the field of managing and operating a system execution environment such as a service that provides a virtual machine and has a regular pattern and an increased workload.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Physical computer, 2 ... Auxiliary storage device, 3 ... Data processing device, 4 ... Storage device, 5 ... Output device 5, 11 ... Resource usage measurement program, 31 ... Virtual computer allocation determination program, 41 ... Virtual computer list, 42 ... Physical computer resource amount list, 100 ... Virtual computer allocation system, 101 ... Virtual computer.

Claims (4)

A virtual computer allocation system for allocating to a plurality of virtual machines of the plurality of physical computers,
Resource usage measuring means for measuring the resource usage of each virtual machine at a first predetermined time ;
Storage means for storing resource amount information of each physical computer;
The sum of the resource usage of each virtual machine for each first predetermined time in a second predetermined time longer than the first predetermined time does not exceed the resource amount of the physical computer stored in the storage means. A virtual machine allocation determining means for allocating the plurality of virtual machines to the physical computer so as to satisfy the first condition and the second condition that the number of the physical computers is minimized;
Equipped with a,
The determining means includes
Selecting the first physical computer,
Selecting the first virtual machine;
Determining whether the selected virtual machine can be assigned to the selected physical computer so as to satisfy the first condition;
If it is assigned, the selected virtual machine is assigned to the selected virtual machine, and the next virtual machine is selected and controlled to recurse to the determination operation. If not assigned, the next physical machine is selected. And an operation for controlling to recursively determine the operation to be determined.
Virtual machine allocation system.   The virtual machine assignment system according to claim 1, further comprising an output unit that outputs a result of assigning the plurality of virtual machines to the physical computer.   The virtual machine allocation system according to claim 1, wherein the virtual machine resource usage includes a CPU usage rate and a storage usage. Is executed by the data processing apparatus, a virtual machine allocation method of allocating to a plurality of physical computers of the plurality of virtual machines,
Obtaining the resource usage of each virtual machine measured at each first predetermined time ;
Obtaining information on the amount of resources of each physical computer;
A first condition that the sum of each of the said first predetermined time resource usage for each virtual machine does not exceed the amount of resources pre-Symbol physical computer in the long second predetermined time than the first predetermined time, Assigning the plurality of virtual machines to the physical computer so as to satisfy the second condition that the number of the physical computers is minimized;
Equipped with a,
The assigning step comprises:
Selecting the first physical computer;
Selecting the first virtual machine;
Determining whether the selected virtual machine can be assigned to the selected physical machine so as to satisfy the first condition;
If it is assigned, the selected virtual machine is assigned to the selected virtual machine, and the next virtual machine is selected and controlled to recurse to the determination operation. If not assigned, the next physical machine is selected. And recursively controlling the determining operation.
Virtual machine allocation method.

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