JP5654542B2 - Sediment outflow detection device and detection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sediment discharge detection device and a detection device for detecting sediment discharge and water leakage in a river revetment, a river levee, a river bed or a coastal revetment.

  As a method of detecting high water scouring in rivers caused by flooding, optical fiber is buried in the high water sill, a weight is fixed to the optical fiber, the high sill is scoured, and the weight bends the optical fiber to reflect inside the optical fiber. A method of measuring a change in light with a measuring instrument is known (Patent Document 1).

  In addition, as a detection method for riverbed scouring, a wireless device is buried in the riverbed, and when the riverbed is scoured, the wireless device emerges. Methods for detecting scouring are known.

JP 2007-292530 A

  However, in the high water scour scour detection method using an optical fiber, it is necessary to lay the optical fiber from the measuring device in the high water base for a long distance and fix the weight. Further, in this method, if the optical fiber in the vicinity of the measuring instrument is cut, it becomes impossible to detect the future. Furthermore, not only is the optical fiber measuring instrument itself generally expensive, but the embedment of the optical fiber may be expensive, and there have been examples of trial use, but it has not been used particularly from the viewpoint of economy.

  On the other hand, the riverbed scour detection method using a wireless device uses a wireless device such as a low-power wireless device. However, since this wireless device is generally relatively large, it is accommodated according to the size. The plastic case to be used is also growing, and it is currently necessary to carry out extensive construction work such as damming river water when burying it in the riverbed. For this reason, a large amount of money is required for laying, and since the power consumption of the wireless device is large, the life span is shortened in a short period such as several years after the riverbed is buried.

  Furthermore, it is difficult to simultaneously receive signals from a plurality of wireless devices due to restrictions on the bandwidth of the wireless frequency that can be used by the wireless devices. For this reason, when trying to detect riverbed scouring over a wide area, the number of wireless devices that can be embedded is limited, and the detection accuracy is reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to reduce the installation cost, and even if a large number of devices issue a report at the same time, and a landslide detection device that can distinguish and receive the reports of individual devices and One of the purposes is to provide a detection device.

The present invention for solving the problems of the above-described conventional example is a detection device, which includes a first housing, a weight arranged on one side inside the first housing, and the first housing. A signal transmitter that transmits a signal via an antenna disposed on the opposite side of the weight inside the body, and a hollow second casing that surrounds the first casing; The second housing is filled with a material having water permeability, the first housing is supported in the second housing by the material, and the entire first housing includes the weight and the signal transmission unit. The specific gravity of water is greater than the specific gravity of water and smaller than the specific gravity of the material having water permeability, and the signal transmission unit is caused by the water that the first housing enters the second housing. Transmitting a predetermined signal when the water-permeable material in the second casing is sent out and the signal transmitter moves in the second casing. One in which the.

One aspect of the present invention is an earth and sand outflow detection device arranged in the earth and sand near a water channel in an installed state, and includes a housing, a weight disposed on one side of the housing, and an inside of the housing. A signal transmission unit that transmits a signal via an antenna disposed on the opposite side of the weight, and the entire housing including the weight and the signal transmission unit has a specific gravity smaller than the specific gravity of water, The signal transmission unit is configured to change a signal to be transmitted between the installation state and the outflow state, or to transmit the signal when in the outflow state.

  According to the present invention, the installation cost can be reduced, and even when a large number of devices issue a notification simultaneously, the notifications of the individual devices can be received separately.

It is a schematic diagram showing the example of the earth and sand outflow detection apparatus concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a block diagram showing the structural example of the earth-and-sand outflow detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing showing the example of the sensor in the sediment outflow detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing showing the installation of the earth and sand outflow detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and an operation example. It is explanatory drawing explaining operation | movement of the sediment outflow detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram showing another example of the earth and sand outflow detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram showing another structural example of the earth-and-sand outflow detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram concerning another example of the earth and sand outflow detection device concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a schematic diagram showing the example of the detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the earth and sand outflow detection device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a housing 10, a weight 11 disposed in the housing 10, and a circuit unit 12. Here, the weight 11 and the circuit unit 12 are separately arranged on the inner wall of one end side and the other end side of a virtual axis passing through the inside of the housing 10. Further, in the present embodiment, the weight 11 is a metal block having a weight larger than that of the circuit unit 12. Further, the housing 10 is formed in a watertight manner, air is included therein, the weight of the weight 11 is adjusted, and the like. The specific gravity of the whole of the outflow detection device 1 is set to be smaller than the specific gravity of water (river water when distributed on a river bed or the like, seawater when distributed on the sea floor or the like).

  Furthermore, the shape of the housing 10 may be a rotationally symmetric shape with an axis passing through the center of gravity of the housing 10 and the center of gravity of the weight 11 as an axis of symmetry. In this case, an asymmetric shape may be formed in the axial direction. That is, the casing 10 may be spherical as a whole or may be oval (asymmetric in the axial direction). Further, the housing 10 may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape as illustrated in FIG.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, the circuit unit 12 includes an IC tag 21, a sensor 22, a power supply unit 23, and a control unit 24. Here, the IC tag 21 includes an antenna ANT. The IC tag 21 receives power supply from the power supply unit 23 via the control unit 24 and radiates a signal wirelessly via the antenna in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 24. In an example of the present embodiment, the signal radiated from the IC tag 21 is a signal having a frequency in a frequency band (such as a 300 MHz band) that is easily transmitted through water, depending on information input from the control unit 24. Is modulated by the method.

  The sensor 22 functions as a vibration detection unit or detection means that detects vibration of the housing 10. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the sensor 22 rotates at least within a predetermined angle range around the support portion 31 that is fixed to the housing 10 via the substrate of the circuit portion 12. The arm 32 and the detection unit 33 that detects the rotation of the arm 32 may be included. According to the sensor 22 in the example of FIG. 3, when the housing 10 vibrates, the arm 32 rotates around the support portion 31 as a rotation center, and the detection unit 33 outputs a detection signal by the rotation of the arm 32. . The detection unit 33 may be, for example, a rotary encoder or a motor that generates electric power by rotation. Further, the sensor 22 is not limited to the one shown in the example of FIG. 3 and may be any sensor that can detect the vibration of the housing 10 such as an acceleration sensor.

  The power supply unit 23 supplies power to each unit. The power supply unit 23 includes, for example, a button battery and a DC-DC converter that controls a supply voltage from the button battery. In an example of the present embodiment, the power supply unit 23 supplies power to the IC tag 21 via the control unit 24.

  The control unit 24 is a microcomputer or the like and operates according to a preset program. In an example of the present embodiment, the control unit 24 supplies power to the IC tag 21 and controls the IC tag 21 to emit a predetermined signal. In the present embodiment, the control unit 24 changes the signal emission mode depending on whether or not the sensor 22 detects vibration.

  Specifically, while the control unit 24 does not output a signal indicating that the sensor 22 has detected vibrations, the control unit 24 outputs a signal representing the value of the identification information set in advance for each earth and sand outflow detection device 1 for the first time. The IC tag 21 is controlled so as to emit repeatedly at intervals Δt1. Further, while the control unit 24 outputs a signal indicating that the sensor 22 has detected vibration, the IC tag is configured to repeatedly emit a signal representing the value of the identification information at every second time interval Δt2. 21 is controlled. Here, for example, Δt2 <Δt1 may be satisfied. In an example of the present embodiment, Δt1 = 7 seconds and Δt2 = 1 second. Further, here, the identification information is, for example, a group code for specifying a group to which the earth and sand spillage detection device 1 belongs when dealing with a plurality of earth and sand spillage detection devices 1 as a group, and at least specific to the earth and sand spill detection device 1 in the group It may include a sensor code.

  According to this, when the sensor 22 does not detect vibration, the IC tag 21 emits a signal representing the value of identification information every 7 seconds, and when the sensor 22 detects vibration, the IC tag 21 A signal representing the value is emitted. When the sensor 22 detects vibration, the control unit 24 repeats every second time interval Δt2 and continuously emits a signal indicating the value of the identification information and a signal indicating that there is vibration. The IC tag 21 may be controlled.

  Next, operation | movement of the earth and sand outflow detection apparatus 1 of this Embodiment is described. As illustrated in FIG. 4 (a), the earth and sand runoff detection device 1 is arranged in the riverbed or the coastal revetment, etc. in the installed state, or in the earth and sand near the water channel (within the possibility of water coming from the water channel). Is done. At this time, the user embeds the earth and sand outflow detection device 1 in the earth and sand with the weight 11 facing upward.

  In the state of being placed in the earth and sand, the inside of the housing 10 is stable, for example, in the state illustrated in FIG. 1A, and the sensor 22 does not detect vibration. A signal representing an information value is repeatedly emitted every first time interval Δt1. However, the position of the initial weight 11 is not limited to the vertically upward direction.

  On the other hand, when earth and sand movement such as scouring occurs and the case 10 is exposed from the earth and sand, the specific gravity of the whole case 10 including the weight 11 and the circuit unit 12 as a signal transmission unit is water (being embedded in the river bed). The case 10 floats on the surface of the river water or the sea water because it has a specific gravity smaller than that of the river water (if there is a coast, sea water if there is a coast, etc.) (FIG. 4B). Further, since the weight 11 is heavier than the circuit portion 12, the entire housing 10 rotates so that the weight 11 is vertically downward. At this time, the inside of the housing 10 is in the state illustrated in FIG. That is, the circuit unit 12 side including the IC tag 21 (including the antenna ANT) is oriented so as to come out of the water surface. At this time, since the sensor 22 detects vibration, the IC tag 21 receives a signal indicating that vibration has been detected from the sensor 22 and repeats every second time interval Δt2 to generate a signal representing the value of the identification information. A signal indicating that there has been vibration continues to be emitted.

  The user of the earth and sand outflow detection device 1 of the present embodiment records the identification information set for each earth and sand outflow detection device 1 and the installation location (position on the map, etc.) of the earth and sand outflow detection device 1. deep. When scouring or the like occurs and some of the installed sediment discharge detectors 1 flow out, the IC tag 21 of the discharged sediment discharge detector 1 repeats the identification information every second time interval Δt2. Radiates a signal to represent. On the other hand, the IC tag 21 of the earth and sand outflow detection device 1 that has not flowed out emits a signal representing the identification information repeatedly at each first time interval Δt1. Therefore, the user examines the identification information represented by the signal received every second time interval Δt2 and the identification information represented by the signal received every first time interval Δt1, and where It is possible to know whether the installed earth and sand outflow detection device 1 has flowed out.

In this embodiment, in the example of detecting the outflow due to scouring, the specific gravity of the entire housing 10 including the weight 11 and the circuit unit 12 as the signal transmission unit is smaller than water (approximately 1 to 1.2). Since the volume of the casing 10, the weight of the weight 11, and the like are adjusted so as to have a specific gravity, the casing 10 is naturally more than the average specific gravity of soil (1.5 to 2.5 depending on the moisture content). The overall specific gravity is decreasing. Thereby, when water enters the earth and sand, the housing 10 rises on the earth and sand surface and further on the water surface.
In the present embodiment, when used on a coastal revetment or in an example of detecting water leakage, the specific gravity of the entire housing 10 including the weight 11 and the circuit unit 12 as a signal transmission unit is the average specific gravity of the earth and sand (moisture content) The volume of the housing 10 and the weight of the weight 11 are adjusted so that the specific gravity is smaller than 1.5 to 2.5) depending on the content of the water and larger than that of water (approximately 1 to 1.2). Is done. Since the casing 10 is heavier than water, the casing 10 is submerged by water leakage or the like and comes into contact with earth or sand. As a result, the rotation of the housing 10 is hindered by friction with earth and sand, and the operation of the tilt sensor and the like in the housing 10 is not hindered.

  As described above, not only for riverbed scouring but also when embedding in places not covered with water such as coastal revetments, for example, leaked water may enter the lower layer of earth or sand, or coastal revetments may be caused by waves. In the case where the bottom sand is sucked out to form a cavity and seawater flows into it, this sediment outflow detection device 1 rises to the surface of the sediment or floats in the flowing seawater (but floats on the water surface). Never go up). And this earth and sand outflow detection apparatus 1 detects the vibration, inclination, etc. which occur in that case, and starts emission of the signal showing the identification information at the first time interval Δt1, or repeatedly at every second time interval Δt2. A signal representing the identification information is emitted.

  Moreover, although the example which detects a vibration and changes the transmission timing of a signal and the content of the signal to transmit here was described here, this Embodiment is not restricted only to this. For example, the control unit 24 may perform control so that power is not supplied to the IC tag 21 while the sensor 22 does not output a signal indicating that vibration has been detected. In this case, the control unit 24 supplies power to the IC tag 21 and outputs a signal representing the value of the identification information for the second time while the sensor 22 outputs a signal indicating that vibration has been detected. The IC tag 21 is controlled to emit repeatedly at intervals of Δt2. According to this example, since the power supply to the IC tag 21 is interrupted while no outflow occurs, the power consumption of the button battery of the power supply unit 23 is suppressed.

  Furthermore, although the sensor 22 is assumed to be a vibration sensor here, an inclination sensor may be used instead of the vibration sensor. When an inclination sensor is used as the sensor 22, this inclination sensor detects whether or not the inclination angle of the housing 10 from a predetermined reference axis exceeds a predetermined threshold value. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the center of gravity of the sediment outflow detection device 1 as a whole and the center of gravity of the weight 11 inside the housing 10 are defined with respect to the reference axis, which is a vertically upward axis. When the angle θ formed by the connecting axes exceeds a predetermined threshold, the sensor 22 as the inclination sensor outputs a signal (inclination signal) indicating that the inclination angle exceeds the predetermined threshold.

  In this example, while the sensor 22 is not outputting the inclination signal, the control unit 24 outputs a signal representing the value of the identification information set for each earth and sand outflow detection device 1 in advance for each first time interval Δt1. The IC tag 21 is controlled to emit repeatedly. Further, the control unit 24 controls the IC tag 21 so that a signal representing the value of the identification information is repeatedly emitted at every second time interval Δt2 while the sensor 22 outputs the tilt signal.

  The control unit 24 controls the IC tag 21 not to supply power while the sensor 22 is not outputting the tilt signal, and to the IC tag 21 while the sensor 22 is outputting the tilt signal. The IC tag 21 may be controlled so as to supply power and emit a signal representing the value of the identification information repeatedly every second time interval Δt2.

  Also in this example, the sensor 22 does not output an inclination signal when the weight 11 is buried in the earth with the weight 11 facing upward, so that the IC tag 21 outputs a signal indicating the value of the identification information for the first time. It emits repeatedly at intervals Δt1 or does not emit a signal. However, when scouring or the like occurs and the installed earth and sand outflow detection device 1 flows out, the casing 10 of the outflow of earth and sand outflow detection device 1 floats on the surface of the river water or seawater, and rotates so that the weight 11 is downward. . As a result, the sensor 22 which is a tilt sensor outputs a tilt signal, and the IC tag 21 repeatedly emits a signal representing the identification information every second time interval Δt2.

  Further, in order to prevent unintentional lifting during installation, as shown in FIG. 6, an installation weight using a water-soluble tape (for example, Sumitomo 3M, water-soluble single-sided tape 902) 41 outside the housing 10. 42 may be fixed and placed in the riverbed or seabed sediment in this state. In this case, until the scouring or the like occurs and the periphery of the water-soluble tape 41 is submerged, the installation state is better maintained by the weight of the installation weight 42 bonded with the water-soluble tape 41. On the other hand, when scouring or the like occurs and the periphery of the water-soluble tape 41 is submerged, the water-soluble tape 41 dissolves and loses adhesive force, and the installation weight 42 is detached from the housing 10. Smaller than or equal to), but floats while rotating so that its internal weight 11 is directed downward.

  Furthermore, in another aspect of the present embodiment, the circuit unit 12 includes an IC tag 21, a sensor 22 ', a power supply unit 23, and a control unit 24, as illustrated in FIG. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 46 is bonded to the sensor 22 ′ outside the housing 10 using the water-soluble tape 45. Components having the same configurations as those already described here are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated.

  The sensor 22 'is, for example, a reed switch or a hall sensor, and detects the presence or absence of a nearby magnetic field. When the magnetic field cannot be detected, the sensor 22 'outputs a signal indicating that the magnetic field cannot be detected (magnetic field loss signal). In this example, while the sensor 22 ′ is not outputting the magnetic field loss signal, the control unit 24 outputs a signal representing the value of the identification information set for each earth and sand outflow detection device 1 in advance to the first time interval Δt1. The IC tag 21 is controlled so that it repeatedly emits every time. Further, the control unit 24 controls the IC tag 21 so as to repeatedly emit a signal representing the value of the identification information every second time interval Δt2 while the sensor 22 ′ outputs the magnetic field loss signal. To do.

  In the aspect of the present embodiment, the sensor 22 ′ and the permanent magnet 46 are placed facing each other across the wall of the housing 10 until scouring or the like occurs and the periphery of the water-soluble tape 45 is submerged. FIG. 8 (a)). Since the sensor 22 'detects the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 46, no magnetic field loss signal is output. On the other hand, when scouring or the like occurs and the periphery of the water-soluble tape 45 is submerged, the water-soluble tape 45 dissolves and loses its adhesive strength, and the housing 10 (its specific gravity is smaller than or equal to that of water). Floats while rotating so that the weight 11 inside is downward (FIG. 8B). At this time, if the permanent magnet 46 and the sensor 22 'are separated from each other, the sensor 22' cannot detect the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 46, and the sensor 22 'outputs a magnetic field loss signal even if the sensor 22' flows out or tilts from the installed state. Become.

  Further, in the detection device 1 ′ according to another aspect of the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 9, this casing 10 is a first casing, and a hollow second that is a case surrounding the casing 10. It is good also as storing in the housing | casing 50 and installing. The second casing 50 has a cylindrical shape with an opening at the bottom and a lid at the top. A hole H is formed in the vicinity of the lid above the second casing 50.

  In this example, the second casing 50 is filled with a water-permeable material 51, and the casing 10 is supported in the second casing 50 by the water-permeable material 51. An example of the material having water permeability is sand.

  In the detection apparatus 1 ′ of this example, the specific gravity of the casing 10 (including the weight 11 and the circuit unit 12) is larger than the specific gravity of water and smaller than the average specific gravity of sand or the like. . As described above, the specific gravity of water is, for example, about 1 to 1.2 in the case of seawater, and the average specific gravity of earth and sand is about 1.5 to 2.0. The weight is adjusted to be greater than 1.0 and less than 1.5.

  In addition, the detection device 1 ′ according to this example is embedded in the slope of the dike surface (inside the dike with respect to the river), the top of the dike and the back of the dike (outside of the dike with respect to the river), and from the bottom of the dike This can be used to detect water leaks and deformations caused by overtopping water. Here, leakage from the bottom of the levee means that when the river water level rises and the water pressure rises, the river water leaks to the back side of the levee through the levee ground.

  When the river water due to water leaks from the bottom of the dike ground, that is, from below, to the detection device 1 ′ embedded in the earth behind the dike, generally in the second casing 50 rather than the earth behind the dike. Since the water filled in the sand has high water permeability, the leaked river water passes through the sand in the second housing 50 from the opening in the lower portion of the second housing 50 and in the vicinity of the upper cover of the second housing 50. It drains outside from the hole H provided in the.

  At this time, the sand in the second housing 50 is sent to the outside through the opening in the lower portion of the second housing 50 or the hole H in the upper portion, and the sand of the first housing 10 in the second housing 50. The holding force is weakened, and the housing 10 moves or tilts in the second housing 50 and vibrates. Thereby, the sensor 22 in the housing 10 detects the vibration or inclination, and the IC tag 21 emits a signal representing the identification information repeatedly at the second time interval Δt2. The user can know the leakage of water to the back of the bank by receiving this signal.

  As already described, the specific gravity of the casing 10 including the weight 11 and the circuit unit 12 is larger than the specific gravity of water, and the specific gravity of the water-permeable material 51 such as sand having been filled in the second casing 50. Since the weight and the like of the weight 11 are adjusted so as to be smaller, even if the casing 10 moves in the second casing 50, the casing 10 is immersed in the second casing 50 by the submerged water. It will not rise up. That is, the case where the housing 10 is pressed and fixed to the back surface of the upper lid of the second housing 50 and does not vibrate and no signal is emitted is avoided. Further, the housing 10 does not sink below the water-permeable material 51 and come out of the second housing 50.

  In addition, the detection device 1 ′ of this example can be reused by once again filling the water-permeable material 51 and holding the housing 10 even after detecting water leakage.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the entire size can be reduced by using an IC tag, and the work for embedding in the sediment in the vicinity of the riverbed, the seabed, or the waterway can be simplified, and the installation cost can be reduced. Can be. Furthermore, since it is easy to transmit identification information that can be distinguished from each other to the IC tags included in the individual devices, the individual devices can be identified even when a large number of devices issue the information simultaneously.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sediment outflow detection apparatus, 1 'detection apparatus, 10 housing | casing, 11 weight, 12 circuit part, 21 IC tag, 22, 22' sensor, 23 power supply part, 24 control part, 31 support part, 32 arm, 33 detection part , 41, 45 Water-soluble tape, 42 Installation weight, 46 Permanent magnet, 50 Second housing, 51 Water-permeable material.

Claims (4)

A first housing;
A weight disposed on one side of the first housing;
A signal transmission unit configured to transmit a signal through an antenna disposed on the opposite side of the weight inside the first housing;
A hollow second housing surrounding the first housing;
Including
The second casing is filled with a material having water permeability, and the first casing is supported in the second casing by the material,
The specific gravity of the entire first housing including the weight and the signal transmission unit is greater than the specific gravity of water and smaller than the specific gravity of the material having water permeability,
When the signal transmitting unit moves in the second casing, the water-permeable material in the second casing is sent out by the water that the first casing enters the second casing. A detection device that transmits a predetermined signal. The detection device according to claim 1,
The first housing has a vibration detection unit that detects vibration of the housing,
A detection device in which the signal transmission unit transmits a predetermined signal when vibration is detected by the vibration detection unit. The detection device according to claim 1,
And further comprising detection means for detecting the inclination of the first housing,
A detection device in which the signal transmission unit transmits a predetermined signal by supplying power to the signal transmission unit and transmitting a signal when the detection unit detects an inclination of the first casing. The detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A sediment outflow detection device in which the first casing has an asymmetric shape.

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