JP5650292B2 - 冷凍機油および冷凍機用作動流体組成物 - Google Patents
冷凍機油および冷凍機用作動流体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
炭素数3〜5の炭化水素冷媒が、プロパン、ノルマルブタン、イソブタン、2−メチルブタンおよびノルマルペンタンから選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが、それぞれ好ましい。
実施例1〜4、比較例1〜3および参考例1〜8においては、それぞれ以下に示す基油1〜15を用いて冷凍機油を調製した。得られた冷凍機油の各種性状を表1〜3に示す。
基油1:2−エチルヘキサン酸とネオペンチルグリコールとのエステル
基油2:2−エチルヘキサン酸とトリメチロールプロパンとのエステル
基油3:2−エチルヘキサン酸とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル
基油4:2−エチルヘキサン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合脂肪酸(混合比(モル比):50/50)とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル
基油5:2−エチルヘキサン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合脂肪酸(混合比(モル比):50/50)とジペンタエリスリトールとのエステル
基油6:基油1と基油3の混合物(混合比(質量比):基油1/基油3=35/65)
基油7:基油1と基油4の混合物(混合比(質量比):基油1/基油4=25/75)
基油8:基油4と基油5の混合物(混合比(質量比):基油4/基油5=75/25)
基油9:n−ヘプタン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合脂肪酸(混合比(モル比):15/85)とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル
基油10:n−ヘプタン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合脂肪酸(混合比(モル比):55/45)とペンタエリスリトール/ジペンタエリスリトール=50/50モル比とのエステル
基油11:n−ペンタン酸、n−ヘプタン酸、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合脂肪酸(混合比(モル比):10/40/50)とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル
基油12:n−ヘプタン酸とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル
基油13:n−ペンタン酸、n−ヘプタン酸、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合脂肪酸(混合比(モル比):45/10/45)とペンタエリスリトールとのエステル
基油14:ナフテン系鉱油
基油15:ポリプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル。
JIS−K−2211「冷凍機油」の「冷媒との相溶性試験方法」に準拠して、2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと3フッ化ヨウ化メタンの混合冷媒(混合比(質量比):2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン/3フッ化ヨウ化メタン=70/30)18gに対して冷凍機油を2g配合し、冷媒と冷凍機油とが0℃において相互に溶解しているかを観察した。得られた結果を表1〜3に示す。表1〜3中、「相溶」は冷媒と冷凍機油とが相互に溶解したことを意味し、「分離」は冷媒と冷凍機油とが2層に分離したことを意味する。
JIS−K−2211「冷凍機油」の「冷媒との相溶性試験方法」に準拠して、2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン18gに対して冷凍機油を2g配合し、冷媒と冷凍機油とが0℃において相互に溶解しているかを観察した。得られた結果を表1〜3に示す。表1〜3中、「相溶」は冷媒と冷凍機油とが相互に溶解したことを意味し、「分離」は冷媒と冷凍機油とが2層に分離したことを意味する。
JIS−K−2211に準拠し、水分を10ppm以下に調整した冷凍機油(初期色相L0.5)1gと、2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンと3フッ化ヨウ化メタンの混合冷媒(混合比(質量比):2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン/3フッ化ヨウ化メタン=70/30)1gと、触媒(鉄、銅、アルミの各線)とをガラス管に封入した後、150℃に加熱して1週間保持し試験した。試験後は冷凍機油の色相および触媒の色変化を評価した。色相は、ASTM D156に準拠して評価した。また、触媒の色変化は、外観を目視で観察し、変化なし、光沢なし、黒化のいずれに該当するかを評価した。得られた結果を表1〜表3に示す。
JIS−K−2211に準拠し、水分を10ppm以下に調整した冷凍機油(初期色相L0.5)1gと、2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン1gと、触媒(鉄、銅、アルミの各線)とをガラス管に封入した後、150℃に加熱して1週間保持し試験した。試験後は冷凍機油組成物の色相および触媒の色変化を評価した。色相は、ASTM D156に準拠して評価した。また、触媒の色変化は、外観を目視で観察し、変化なし、光沢なし、黒化のいずれに該当するかを評価した。得られた結果を表1〜表3に示す。
Claims (4)
- 炭素数5〜9の脂肪酸の割合が50〜100モル%であり、n−ヘプタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸との混合脂肪酸、または、n−ペンタン酸とn−ヘプタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸との混合脂肪酸である脂肪酸と、ペンタエリスリトールまたはペンタエリスリトールとジ−(ペンタエリスリトール)との混合物である多価アルコールと、のエステルを冷凍機油全量基準で80質量%以上含有する冷凍機油と、
フルオロプロペン、または、フルオロプロペンと、飽和ハイドロフルオロカーボン、炭素数3〜5の炭化水素、ジメチルエーテル、二酸化炭素およびビス(トリフルオロメチル)サルファイドから選ばれる少なくとも1種との混合物からなる冷媒と、
を含有することを特徴とする冷凍機用作動流体組成物。 - 前記フルオロプロペンが、1,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンおよび2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンから選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記フルオロプロペンが、1,2,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロペン、1,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン、2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン、1,2,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペンおよび3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペンから選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、
前記飽和ハイドロフルオロカーボンが、ジフルオロメタン、ペンタフルオロエタン、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエタン、1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン、1,1−ジフルオロエタン、フルオロエタン、1,1,1,2,3,3,3−ヘプタフルオロプロパン、1,1,1,2,3,3−ヘキサフルオロプロパン、1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロプロパン、1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロプロパンおよび1,1,1,3,3−ペンタフルオロブタンから選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、
前記炭素数3〜5の炭化水素が、プロパン、ノルマルブタン、イソブタン、2−メチルブタンおよびノルマルペンタンから選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。 - 炭素数5〜9の脂肪酸の割合が50〜100モル%であり、n−ヘプタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸との混合脂肪酸、または、n−ペンタン酸とn−ヘプタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸との混合脂肪酸である脂肪酸と、ペンタエリスリトールまたはペンタエリスリトールとジ−(ペンタエリスリトール)との混合物である多価アルコールと、のエステルを冷凍機油全量基準で80質量%以上含有し、
フルオロプロペン、または、フルオロプロペンと、飽和ハイドロフルオロカーボン、炭素数3〜5の炭化水素、ジメチルエーテル、二酸化炭素およびビス(トリフルオロメチル)サルファイドから選ばれる少なくとも1種との混合物からなる冷媒と共に用いられることを特徴とする冷凍機油。
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