JP5638640B2 - Hammer of wood crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hammer of a wood crushing device that crushes wood such as wood chips.

Conventionally, as an apparatus for pulverizing and crushing wood such as wood chips, for example, an apparatus shown in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. This device comprises a cylindrical screen with numerous sorting holes, and a crushing blade that is rotatably provided in the screen and has a cutter fixed to the tip thereof. Grind with a rotating grinding blade cutter. Further, as a device for crushing wood, a hammer having a crushing blade formed and swingably attached to the outer peripheral end of a rotating body, and a rooster and a liner (clamping member) provided so as to surround the rotating body The ones provided are proposed. In this wood crushing apparatus, the wood supplied into the apparatus is crushed by clashing and crushing between the crushing blade of the hammer that rotates with the rotation of the rotating body and the pinching member (pinching gap).
By the way, since the hammer which comprises the above-mentioned timber crushing device crushes wood in the one direction side part used as the rotation direction side of a rotary body, the crushing blade was formed only in the one direction side part. For this reason, when the crushing blade formed in one direction side was worn out, it had to be replaced with a new hammer each time. Moreover, in the hammer of the conventional structure, since the crushing blade was formed in the front-end | tip part, the pinching clearance gap between the front-end | tip of a crushing blade and a pinching member was formed in one point. Therefore, when the tip of the crushing blade is worn, the pinching gap is widened accordingly, resulting in a problem that the crushing efficiency is extremely lowered.

JP 2007-167822 A

  The subject of this invention is providing the hammer of the wood crushing apparatus which can suppress the fall of the crushing efficiency by wear of a hammer while suppressing the replacement frequency of a hammer.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the hammer of the wood crushing apparatus of the present invention is
A casing interior space is formed as a crushing chamber of the timber, such as wood chips, a rotating body that is rotated by the driving force of the provided driving mechanism to said crushing chamber, attach swingably outer peripheral edge of the rotary body And a pinch member for crushing wood fed into the crushing chamber in a pinch gap formed between the hammer and the hammer, and is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the rotating body. In
The hammer includes a mounting base having a shaft support hole, a crushing portion formed at a tip portion on the opposite side of the shaft support hole, and a crushing operation for crushing wood formed at both right and left ends of the crushing portion. A blade,
The hammer pivotally supported to the shaft supporting hole as the center of rotation, as well as forms a universal and pivotably detachable from said rotary member, said hammer also allow attachment of inverting the front and back,
The outer peripheral portion on the tip side of the crushing portion of the hammer is formed in an arc shape with the shaft support hole as a rotation center , and is also formed in an arc-shaped curved surface in the plate thickness cross section, to form the said pincer gap between,
The hammer shaft supporting hole is formed in a symmetrical shape with pairs axis passing through the centers of said rotary body of the pivot shaft to be fitted,
Protrude respectively from right and left ends that put the crushing part of the hammer, the crushing blade for crushing a wood formed,
The crushing blades, forms a gradually tapered Taber shape closer to right and left ends of the crushing part, said remaining planar portion in the left and right ends of the crushing blades, the cross-sectional shape is characterized Rukoto formed in a trapezoidal .

As described above, the crushing blades are formed at both the left and right ends of the hammer axis, and the shaft support holes for detachably attaching the hammer to the rotating body enable the hammer to be reversed and attached. For this reason, when the crushing blade arranged on the rotating direction side of the rotating body is worn due to the crushing of the wood, it is arranged on the opposite side to the rotating direction of the rotating body by reversing and attaching the front and back of the hammer. A crushing blade with little wear due to crushing of wood can be arranged on the rotating direction side of the rotating body. That is, by using the hammer upside down, the usage period of the hammer can be doubled, and as a result, the replacement frequency of the hammer can be suppressed.
Further, the outer peripheral portion on the tip side of the hammer that forms a pinching gap with the pinching member is formed in a curved surface formed in an arc shape with the shaft support hole as a rotation center. For this reason, the gap between the curved surface and the pinching member can be kept constant in any swinging state of the hammer centered on the shaft support hole. It can be set as the area | region which forms a pinching gap. As a result, compared with the conventional hammer, the area for forming the pinching gap of the hammer can be greatly increased, so that a reduction in crushing efficiency due to wear of the hammer can be suppressed.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the wood crushing apparatus in one Embodiment of this invention. The front view which shows the rotary body which comprises a wood crushing apparatus, and the hammer attached to this rotary body. The front view which shows a hammer. The side view which shows a hammer. The top view which shows a hammer. The elements on larger scale which show the pinching clearance gap formed between a hammer, a rooster, and a liner.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a wood crushing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a wood crushing apparatus 1 for crushing wood such as wood chips is provided in a crushing chamber 3 with a casing 2 having an internal space formed as a wood crushing chamber 3 and a drive mechanism (not shown). A rotating body 4 that is rotated by the driving force of the rotating body, a rooster 5 as a pinching member provided so as to surround a lower portion of the rotating body 4, and a hammer 20 that is pivotally supported on the outer peripheral end of the rotating body 4. And.

  The casing 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is provided with a wood inlet 6 extending in the tangential direction at the outer peripheral upper portion, and is formed in a cylindrical shape with a gradually increasing radius toward the inlet 6. Yes. A rotating shaft 7 is rotatably attached to the cylindrical crushing chamber 3 serving as an internal space of the casing 2 along the central axis. The rotating shaft 7 is provided so as to protrude outside from the back surface of the casing 2, and a portion protruding outside is connected to a drive mechanism including a motor or the like.

  A plurality (10 in this embodiment) of rotating bodies 4 are fixed in parallel to the rotating shaft 7 in the crushing chamber 3 along the axial direction. The rotating body 4 has a disk shape along the inner surface of the cylindrical crushing chamber 3, and four hammers 20 are individually pivotally supported on the outer peripheral end of the rotating body 4 as shown in FIG. A swing shaft 4a is projected. The projecting portions of the swing shaft 4 a, in other words, the mounting locations of the hammer 20 are four locations that are four equal positions in the circumferential direction of the rotating body 4, and four hammers per one rotating body 4. 20 are attached at equal intervals.

  That is, in the wood crushing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, a total of 40 (= 4 × 10) hammers 20 are attached in the apparatus 1 by providing ten rotating bodies 4 in the crushing chamber 3. Then, by rotating the rotary shaft 7 in the direction A shown in FIG. 1 by the drive mechanism, ten rotary bodies 4 arranged in parallel, in other words, a total of 40 hammers 20 attached to the respective rotary bodies 4 are crushing chambers. 3 rotates at high speed in the A direction.

  A rooster 5 is provided below the rotating body 4 so as to be close to the rotating body 4 and surround the lower part thereof. The rooster 5 is formed in an arc shape along the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 4. A lot of discharge holes 5 a are formed in the rooster 5 for discharging downward the crushed wood (crushed chips) crushed in the crushing chamber 3. The rooster 5 crushes the wood supplied into the crushing chamber 3 from the charging port 6 with a pinching gap 30 (see FIG. 6) formed between the inner wall surface 5 b and the hammer 20.

  On the inner surface of the crushing chamber 3, a liner 8 is provided as a pinching member that crushes wood with the hammer 20 in the same manner as the rooster 5. The liner 8 is provided in a boundary portion with the outer peripheral side portion of the charging port 6 in the crushing chamber 3, and before the wood supplied from the charging port 6 falls below the crushing chamber 3 (on the rooster 5 side), that is, Immediately after the wood is supplied from the insertion port 6, the wood is impacted and crushed by a pinching gap 40 (see FIG. 6) formed between the inner wall surface 8 a and the hammer 20.

  Next, the hammer 20 constituting the main part of the present invention will be described. The hammer 20 is made of high manganese steel having excellent strength and wear resistance. However, the material of the hammer 20 is not limited to this, and any material may be used as long as the material is excellent in strength and wear resistance. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the hammer 20 includes an attachment base 21 provided with a shaft support hole 22 for swingably attaching the hammer 20 to the swing shaft 4 a of the rotating body 4, and the hammer 20. A crushing portion 23 which is a tip side portion and is formed in a substantially fan shape with the shaft support hole 22 as a rotation center is formed in a shape symmetrical to the axis S.

  The shaft support hole 22 of the mounting base 21 attaches the hammer 20 to the swing shaft 4a of the rotating body 4 in a detachable manner, and reverses the front and back of the symmetrical hammer 20 to attach it to the swing shaft 4a. It is also a hole that makes it possible.

  The crushing portion 23 has an outer peripheral portion on the tip side formed as a curved surface 24. The curved surface 24 is formed in an arc shape with the shaft support hole 22 as a rotation center, and is also formed in an arc shape in the plate thickness cross section of the hammer 20. Crushing blades 25 for crushing wood are formed at the left and right ends of the crushing section 23 with respect to the axis S of the hammer 20. The crushing blade 25 is formed in a tapered shape that gradually tapers toward the left and right ends of the hammer 20. On the outer wall surface of the crushing portion 23 located between the left and right crushing blades 25, a weight reduction recess 26 for reducing the weight of the hammer 20 is formed.

  Here, the technical idea of the present invention will be described by limiting the set dimensions related to the hammer 20 numerically. As shown in FIG. 3, the diameter L1 from the center point P of the shaft support hole 22 that determines the arc shape of the curved surface 24 to the outer peripheral end of the curved surface 24 is set to 178 mm. The diameter L1 that determines the arc shape of the curved surface 24 is not limited to 178 mm. However, this diameter dimension L1 is most effective for the hammer 20 to crush the wood in consideration of the diameter dimensions R1, R2 of the rooster 5 and liner 8 described later and the width dimensions H1, H2 of the pinching gaps 30, 40. Considering the wood crushing effect, the diameter L1 is preferably set within a range of 150 to 200 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the plate thickness dimension W of the hammer 20 is set to 40 mm. On the other hand, the diameter L2 that determines the arc shape in the thickness cross section of the curved surface 24 is set to 30 mm. The diameter L2 is not limited to 30 mm. However, by making the plate thickness cross section of the curved surface 24 into an arc shape, even when wood is pinched by the pinching gaps 30 and 40, the wood 20 does not stay in the pinching gaps 30 and 40 in the plate thickness direction of the hammer 20. It is desirable to set the radial dimension L2 within a range of 20 to 40 mm in view of the effect of promptly popping out and considering such an effect and the plate thickness dimension W of the hammer 20 necessary for crushing wood. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the taper angle θ of the crushing blade 25 constituting the hammer 20 is set to 24 °. However, the taper angle θ is not limited to 24 ° as well.

  Next, the setting dimension of the pinching gap 30 formed between the hammer 20 and the rooster 5 and the setting dimension of the pinching gap 40 formed between the hammer 20 and the liner 8 will be described with reference to FIG. . As shown in FIG. 6, the diameter R1 from the center point Q of the rotating body 4 (rotating shaft 7) to the inner wall surface 5b of the rooster 5 is set to 628 mm. The diameter R2 from the center point Q to the inner wall surface 8a of the liner 8 is set to 650 mm. On the other hand, the radial dimension R3 from the center point Q to the center point of the swing shaft 4a to which the hammer 20 is attached, that is, the center point P of the shaft support hole 22 is set to 440 mm. The diameter 4 of the rotating body 4 to which the hammer 20 is swingably attached is 1000 mm (see FIG. 2).

  Based on the set dimensions of the hammer 20 described above, the width dimension H1 of the pinching gap 30 formed between the curved surface 24 of the hammer 20 and the inner wall surface 5b of the rooster 5 is set to 10 mm. The width dimension H2 of the pinching gap 40 formed between the curved surface 24 of the hammer 20 and the inner wall surface 8a of the liner 8 is set to 32 mm. However, the width dimension H1 of the pinching gap 30 and the width dimension H2 of the pinching gap 40 are not limited to 10 mm and 32 mm, respectively. The width dimension H1 of the pinching gap 30 is set within a range of 5 to 30 mm, and the width dimension H2 of the pinching gap 40 is set within a range of 10 to 50 mm. Crushing can be performed.

  Summarizing the set dimensions related to the hammer 20, assuming that the width dimension H1 of the pinching gap 30 formed between the hammer 20 and the rooster 5 is set within a range of 5 to 30 mm, the diameter dimension relative to the diameter dimension R1. The ratio of L1, that is, the radius ratio of the curved surface 24 to the rooster 5 is set within a range of 24 to 32%. Further, on the assumption that the width dimension H2 of the pinching gap 40 formed between the hammer 20 and the liner 8 is set within a range of 10 to 50 mm, the ratio of the diameter dimension L1 to the diameter dimension R2, that is, with respect to the liner 8 The radius ratio of the curved surface 24 is set within a range of 23 to 31%. As a result, the curved surface 24 of the hammer 20 that forms the pinching gaps 30 and 40 with the pinching members (rooster 5 and liner 8), which is the technical idea of the present invention, is a shaft support that determines the arc shape of the curved surface 24. In setting the diameter L1 from the center point P of the hole 22 to the outer peripheral end of the curved surface 24, the radius ratio of the curved surface 24 to the pinching member is set within a range of 23 to 32%.

  Thus, according to the wood crushing device 1 described above, the wood supplied into the device 1 from the insertion port 6 is rotated between the hammer 20 and the rooster 5 and the liner 8 (the pinching gap). Crush by pinching with 30, 40). Specifically, when wood is supplied into the crushing chamber 3, the hammer 20 rotating at a high speed together with the rotating body 4, strictly, a tapered crushing disposed on the rotating direction (A direction) side of the rotating body 4. The blade 25 collides with the wood and tears the wood, and the wood is pinched by the pinching gaps 30 and 40 between the curved surface 24 of the hammer 20 and the liner 8 and the rooster 5, and the wood is crushed by the impact. The crushed wood (crushed chips) falls downward through the discharge hole 5a of the rooster 5 and is collected as a product.

  As described above, in the hammer 20 of the present embodiment, the shaft support hole 22 which is the swing center of the hammer 20 pivotally supports the hammer 20 with respect to the rotating body 4 and is mounted with the front and back reversed. The hammer 20 is detachably attached to the rotating body 4, and the outer peripheral portion on the tip side of the hammer 20 is formed in an arc shape with the shaft support hole 22 as the rotation center, and between the rooster 5 and the liner 8. A crushing blade 25 that crushes wood is formed on both the left and right ends of the hammer 20 with respect to the axis S of the curved surface 24 that forms the pinching gaps 30 and 40.

  As described above, the crushing blades 25 are formed at both the left and right ends of the hammer 20 with respect to the axis S, and the shaft support holes 22 for detachably attaching the hammer 20 to the rotating body 4 are mounted by reversing the front and back of the hammer 20. It is possible. For this reason, when the crushing blade 25 arranged on the rotation direction (A direction) side of the rotating body 4 is worn due to the crushing of the wood, the rotating direction of the rotating body 4 is reversed by attaching the front and back of the hammer 20 to each other. It is possible to arrange the crushing blade 25 arranged on the opposite side of the rotating body 4 so that there is almost no wear due to crushing of the wood on the rotating direction side of the rotating body 4. That is, by using the hammer 20 upside down, the usage period of the hammer 20 can be doubled, and as a result, the replacement frequency of the hammer 20 can be suppressed.

  Further, the outer peripheral portion on the tip side of the hammer 20 that forms the pinching gaps 30 and 40 between the rooster 5 and the liner 8 is formed on a curved surface 24 formed in an arc shape with the shaft support hole 22 as a rotation center. ing. For this reason, the gap between the curved surface 24 and the rooster 5 and the liner 8 can be kept constant in any swinging state of the hammer 20 with the shaft support hole 22 as the center. Can be defined as a region where the pinching gaps 30 and 40 are formed between the rooster 5 and the liner 8. As a result, compared to the conventional hammer 20, the pinching gap forming region of the hammer 20 can be greatly increased, so that a reduction in crushing efficiency due to wear of the hammer 20 can be suppressed.

  Further, the curved surface 24 is also formed in an arc shape in the thickness cross section of the hammer 20. For this reason, even when wood is pinched by the pinching gaps 30 and 40, the wood can be immediately ejected in the plate thickness direction of the hammer 20 without staying in the pinching gaps 30 and 40. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid a problem that the hammer 20 is partially worn by rubbing against the hammer 20 due to the stagnation of the wood in the pinching gaps 30 and 40.

  The hammer 20 is formed in a shape that is symmetrical with respect to the axis S thereof. For this reason, even when the front and back of the hammer 20 are reversed, the crushing blade 25 similar to that before reversing the hammer 20 can be disposed on the rotating direction (A direction) side of the rotating body 4. The wood crushing effect by the hammer 20 can be set to be the same before and after reversing.

  Further, the crushing blade 25 is formed in a tapered shape that gradually tapers toward the left and right ends of the hammer 20. For this reason, when the crushing blade 25 crushes wood, not only the tip part of the crushing blade 25 collides with the wood but also the effect of cutting the wood can be added, and the crushing effect of the wood can be enhanced.

  Further, a weight reduction recess 26 for reducing the weight of the hammer 20 is formed on the outer wall surface of the hammer 20. For this reason, since the weight as the whole rotary body 4 which attached the some hammer 20 so that rocking | fluctuation was possible can be reduced, the energy consumption of the drive mechanism which rotationally drives the rotary body 4 can be suppressed.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, this is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the claims. . In the embodiment, a configuration in which four hammers are attached at regular intervals to one rotating body is illustrated, but the configuration is not limited to this. For example, one to three hammers may be attached to a single rotating body, or conversely, a large number of hammers of five or more may be attached.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wood crusher 2 Casing 3 Crushing chamber 4 Rotating body 5 Rooster (cinch member)
8 Liner
20 Hammer 22 Shaft support hole 24 Curved surface 25 Crushing blade 26 Weight reduction recess 30, 40 Pinch gap P Center point S Axis line

Claims (6)

A casing interior space is formed as a crushing chamber of the timber, such as wood chips, a rotating body that is rotated by the driving force of the provided driving mechanism to said crushing chamber, attach swingably outer peripheral edge of the rotary body And a pinch member for crushing wood fed into the crushing chamber in a pinch gap formed between the hammer and the hammer, and is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the rotating body. In
The hammer includes a mounting base having a shaft support hole, a crushing portion formed at a tip portion on the opposite side of the shaft support hole, and a crushing operation for crushing wood formed at both right and left ends of the crushing portion. A blade,
The hammer pivotally supported to the shaft supporting hole as the center of rotation, as well as forms a universal and pivotably detachable from said rotary member, said hammer also allow attachment of inverting the front and back,
The outer peripheral portion on the tip side of the crushing portion of the hammer is formed in an arc shape with the shaft support hole as a rotation center , and is also formed in an arc-shaped curved surface in the plate thickness cross section, to form the said pincer gap between,
The hammer is formed in a symmetrical shape with respect to an axis passing through the center of the swinging shaft into which the shaft support hole is fitted and the center of the rotating body,
Protrude respectively from right and left ends that put the crushing part of the hammer, the crushing blade for crushing a wood formed,
The crushing blades, forms a gradually tapered Taber shape closer to right and left ends of the crushing part, said remaining planar portion in the left and right ends of the crushing blades, the cross-sectional shape is characterized Rukoto formed in a trapezoidal Wood crusher hammer. The hammer of the wood crushing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a weight-reducing recess for reducing the weight of the hammer is formed on an outer wall surface of the hammer. The hammer of the wood crushing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a diameter from a center point of the shaft support hole that determines an arc shape of the curved surface to an outer peripheral end of the curved surface is 150 to 200 mm. The hammer of the wood crushing apparatus of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 with which the radial dimension which determines the circular arc shape in the said board thickness cross section of the said curved surface is 20-40 mm. The pinching member includes a liner that impacts and crushes wood supplied from an input port with the hammer, and a rooster that crushes wood with the hammer in the crushing chamber,
The width dimension of the pinching gap formed between the hammer and the rooster is set within a range of 5 to 30 mm, and the width dimension of the pinching gap formed between the hammer and the liner is 10 to 50 mm. The hammer of the wood crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is set within a range. The curved surface, the diameter of the setting of the diameter from the center point of the shaft supporting hole that determines the arc shape of the curved surface to the outer peripheral end of the curved surface, up to the pincer member from a center point of the rotary body The hammer of the wood crushing apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein a radius ratio of a radial dimension from a center point of the shaft support hole to the curved surface is set in a range of 23 to 32%.

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