JP5624268B2 - Lighting device, lighting fixture - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an illumination device that charges a battery when a commercial power source is energized and discharges the battery when a commercial power source fails to emit light.

  Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-50938) discloses a lighting device having a plurality of charging circuits, a plurality of batteries, and a plurality of light sources. When the commercial power supply is energized, the commercial power supply is stepped down by a transformer, rectified by a rectifier, and the battery is charged by a charging circuit such as a current limiting resistor. Moreover, at the time of a power failure, the battery is used as a power source to supply power to the light source. It has multiple configurations as described above.

  In this conventional example, when the commercial power supply is energized, the plurality of batteries are charged simultaneously, and when the commercial power supply is interrupted, the plurality of batteries are simultaneously discharged.

The battery used in the conventional example usually uses a chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery, and a nickel cadmium battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, or the like is mainly used. These secondary batteries are charged and discharged to shorten the battery life. The life of the battery is affected by the deterioration and deterioration of the electrode active material and the electrode due to repeated charge and discharge. In addition, when nickel cadmium batteries and nickel metal hydride batteries are charged and discharged for a short time, the battery voltage at the time of discharge becomes low, and there is a phenomenon of a memory effect in which a necessary amount of electricity cannot be obtained. It becomes.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-50938

  Emergency lighting fixtures such as emergency lights and guide lights must be lit to indicate the floor illumination, evacuation direction, and evacuation exit necessary when a power failure occurs due to natural disasters or accidents such as earthquakes and lightning strikes. Don't be. However, in a device like the conventional example, when the battery reaches the end of its life, it becomes impossible to supply necessary power to the light source.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is a longer-life illuminating apparatus and illumination that charges a battery when a commercial power source is energized and discharges the battery when the commercial power source is interrupted to emit a light source. It is an object to provide an instrument.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention of claim 1 is a DC power supply unit 11 for converting commercial power supply Vs to DC, a plurality of rechargeable batteries B1 and B2, and the battery as shown in FIG. A charging unit 12 for charging B1 and B2, a control unit 13 for controlling charging and discharging of the batteries B1 and B2, and a light source 14 capable of emitting light by the batteries B1 and B2, and when the commercial power source Vs is energized, In an illuminating device that charges the batteries B1 and B2 and discharges the batteries B1 and B2 when the commercial power source Vs is blacked out so that the light source 14 emits light, the plurality of batteries B1 and B2 are discharged in each blackout. and are determined at the time of power failure of the commercial power source Vs, and is characterized in Rukoto discharges the battery corresponding to the order of the next discharge whatever the volume of the cells discharged in the previous blackout.

  According to the invention of claim 2, in the invention of claim 1, as shown in FIG. 2, after the battery B1 corresponding to the order of discharge is discharged at the time of a power failure of the commercial power supply Vs, the discharge is performed when the commercial power supply Vs is restored. The battery B1 on the same side is charged.

  According to the invention of claim 3, in the invention of claim 1, as shown in FIG. 4, after the plurality of batteries B1, B2 are discharged in sequence for every power failure of the commercial power source Vs, and all the batteries B1, B2 are discharged. The plurality of batteries B1 and B2 are charged when the commercial power source Vs is restored.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the invention of claim 4 charges the DC power source 11 that converts the commercial power source Vs into DC, a plurality of rechargeable batteries B 1 and B 2, and the batteries B 1 and B 2. A charging unit 12, a control unit 13 for controlling charging and discharging of the batteries B1 and B2, a battery charging unit 15 for charging between the plurality of batteries B1 and B2, and a light source capable of emitting light by the batteries B1 and B2. 14 and the plurality of batteries B1 and B2 have a predetermined order of discharge for each power failure. When the commercial power source Vs is powered down, the next discharge is performed regardless of the capacity of the battery discharged at the previous power failure. In the lighting device that charges the plurality of batteries B1 and B2 when the commercial power supply Vs is restored after the batteries corresponding to the discharge order are discharged, the batteries that correspond to the discharge order when the commercial power supply Vs fails B1 is discharged and its When the capacity of the battery B1 remains when the commercial power source Vs recovers, the other battery B2 is charged by the battery charging unit 15 that charges between the plurality of batteries B1 and B2. Is.

  In the invention of claim 5, in the inventions of claims 1-4, as shown in FIG. 5, when the capacity of the battery B1 corresponding to the order of discharge at the time of power failure is lost (3 at the time of power failure), another battery B2 And the light source 14 emits light.

The invention of claim 6 is characterized in that, in the inventions of claims 1 to 5, an LED is used as the light source 14.
A seventh aspect of the present invention is a lighting fixture such as a guide light or an emergency light, and includes the lighting device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects.

According to the invention of claim 1, a long-life lighting device can be provided.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prolong the life of the instrument by increasing the discharge cycle interval of one battery by alternately discharging a plurality of batteries. In addition, by charging the discharged battery at the time of power recovery, it is possible to immediately prepare for discharge, and the safety of the instrument is increased.

According to the invention of claim 3, a long-life lighting device can be provided.
According to the invention of claim 4, by charging the second battery with the electric capacity remaining after the discharge of the first battery, the second battery can be supplementarily charged and the memory effect of the first battery is generated. This makes it difficult to extend the tool life.

  According to the invention of claim 5, finite energy can be utilized to the maximum by using all the batteries even if the electric capacity of each battery decreases due to short-time power outages or the like that cause charging and discharging to occur for a short time. It is possible to light as long as possible as a guide light or emergency light, and a highly reliable lighting device can be provided.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The commercial power supply Vs is converted into a DC voltage by the DC power supply unit 11 to supply power for charging the secondary batteries B1 and B2 and lighting the LED 14.

  The DC power supply unit 11 includes a rectifier and a DC-DC converter, converts a commercial AC voltage into a DC voltage, supplies power for lighting to the LED 14 via the diode D1, and also supplies the charging unit 12 via the diode D2. In addition, power for charging the secondary batteries B1 and B2 is supplied. Further, a control power supply voltage is supplied to the control unit 13.

  The charging unit 12 is composed of electronic components such as a resistor and a saddle transistor, and determines the charging current to the secondary batteries B1 and B2.

  The control unit 13 has a power failure detection means for detecting the presence or absence of the commercial power source Vs, and controls the switches SW1 to SW4 according to the power failure and energization of the commercial power source Vs.

  The switches SW1 and SW2 control charging / discharging of the battery B1, and the switches SW3 and SW4 control charging / discharging of the battery B2.

  The lighting part is composed of one or a plurality of LEDs 14, and when there are a plurality of LEDs, they are connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed connection.

  FIG. 2 shows the operation of this embodiment. This embodiment is an example of a guide light that is controlled to discharge a plurality of batteries B1 and B2 in order each time a power failure occurs and to charge the batteries B1 and B2 when power is restored.

During AC energization 1, the switches SW1 and SW3 are turned on and the switches SW2 and SW4 are turned off to charge the battery B1 and the battery B2.
At the time of power failure 1, the switch SW1 is turned off and the switch SW2 is turned on to discharge the battery B1 and turn on the LED. The switches SW3 and SW4 are turned off, and the battery B2 is opened.

During AC energization 2, the switch SW1 is turned on and the switch SW2 is turned off to charge the battery B1. At this time, the switches SW3 and SW4 are OFF, and the battery B2 is in an open state.
At the time of power failure 2, the switches SW1 and SW2 are turned OFF and the battery B1 is opened. At this time, the switch SW3 is turned off and the switch SW4 is turned on to discharge the battery B2 and light the LED.

During AC energization 3, the switch SW3 is turned on and the switch SW4 is turned off to charge the battery B2 so that the batteries B1 and B2 are fully charged.
At the time of a power failure 3, the switch SW2 is turned on, the battery B1 is discharged, and the LED is turned on. At this time, the electric capacity of the battery B1 is 0%.

At the time of AC energization 4, the switch SW1 is turned on and the battery B1 is charged, but the electric capacity of the battery B1 hardly increases because of a very short time.
At the time of a power failure 4, the switch SW4 is turned ON, the battery B2 is discharged, and the LED is turned on.

  During AC energization 5, switches SW1 and SW3 are turned on to charge battery B1 and battery B2.

  Thus, in this embodiment, as charge / discharge control of a plurality of batteries, the target battery is alternately discharged every time a power failure occurs. If power is restored, the discharged battery is charged. In the case where the next discharge becomes a short time after a short power recovery, the control is performed such that a plurality of batteries are charged simultaneously.

  The charging method for charging is not particularly limited as long as the battery is fully charged, such as a constant current charging method and a constant voltage charging method. In the case of a guide light, JIL5502 is a standard for full charge within 24 hours, so it may be charged at a rate commensurate with it.

  In addition, since an emergency light is a standard for full charge within 48 hours in JIL5501, it may be charged at a rate commensurate with it.

  The lighting time is 25 minutes or more for guide lights and 37 minutes or more for emergency lights. What is necessary is just to set the capacity | capacitance of a battery to the capacity | capacitance suitable for lighting time.

  The standard of whether or not to charge the discharged battery when it is restored shall not be charged if it is less than the lighting time, and charged if it is longer than the lighting time.

  Conventionally, fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps are used as the light source. However, since the LED has better luminous flux and efficiency, it has a power saving effect, and the current value of charging / discharging of the battery is also suppressed. The burden is lightened.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, switches SW5 and SW6 and a battery charger 15 are added. The battery charging unit 15 has a function of charging the battery B1 and the battery B2 with each other. Specifically, it has functions of a DC-DC converter “from battery B1 to battery B2” and a DC-DC converter “from battery B2 to battery B1”. The power conversion direction of the converter is switched according to the DC-DC conversion direction. The charging unit 12 performs charging for a predetermined time, and performs an operation of stopping charging after full charging. Other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 4 shows the operation of this embodiment. In the present embodiment, the AC battery is energized in the state where the electric capacity of the first battery B1 remains, but the guide lamp is controlled to charge the remaining capacity of the first battery B1 to the second battery B2. It is an example.

  The switches SW1 and SW2 control charging / discharging of the battery B1, and the switches SW3 and SW4 control charging / discharging of the battery B2. The switches SW5 and SW6 control charging between the batteries B1 and B2.

  At the first energization, that is, at the time of AC energization 1a, the switches SW1 and SW3 are turned on to charge the batteries B1 and B2.

  During the subsequent AC energization 1b, the switches SW1 and SW3 are turned off, and the batteries B1 and B2 are open. This is a state where charging is stopped because the batteries B1 and B2 are in a fully charged state. However, since the battery self-discharges even in this state, the electric capacity slightly decreases with time.

  At the time of power failure 1, the switch SW2 is turned on, the battery B1 is discharged, and the LED is turned on. At this time, the switches SW3 and SW4 are OFF, and the battery B2 is in an open state. Assume that power is restored when the electric capacity of the battery B1 is 40%.

  During AC energization 2, the switch SW2 is turned off and the switches SW5 and SW6 are turned on to charge the remaining capacity of the battery B1 to the battery B2. Battery B2 can compensate for the decrease in electric capacity due to self-discharge by this charging, and the electric capacity will increase.

  At the time of a power failure 2, the switch SW3 is turned off and the switch SW4 is turned on to discharge the battery B2 and turn on the LED. At this time, the switches SW1 and SW2 are OFF, and the battery B1 is in an open state.

During AC energization 3, the switch SW1 is turned on and the switch SW3 is turned on to charge the batteries B1 and B2.
At the time of power failure 3, the switch SW1 is turned off and the switch SW2 is turned on to discharge the battery B1 and turn on the LED.

  At the time of AC energization 4, the switch SW1 is turned on to charge the battery B1.

As described above, in this embodiment, discharge is performed alternately as in the first embodiment. If the battery capacity remains when power is restored from the time of discharge, charging is not performed and other batteries are charged until the battery capacity runs out. As a result, supplementary charging of other batteries can be performed, and the memory effect of the batteries is hardly generated, so that the tool life can be extended.
The lighting time and the light source are the same as those in the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 3)
The operation of the third embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. This embodiment is an example of a guide light that secures lighting time in both batteries B1 and B2 when a power failure occurs in a state where the electric capacity of the battery B1 is not sufficient. As the circuit configuration, the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is used.
Assume that the batteries B1 and B2 are charged to 100% as the initial capacity setting of the batteries.

At the time of power failure 1, the switch SW2 is turned on, the battery B1 is discharged, and the LED is turned on. The power failure time here is a time when the electric capacity of the battery B1 is about 30%.
During AC energization 1, the switch SW1 is turned on to charge the battery B1, but this is a very short time, and there is no change in the battery capacity of each battery.

At the time of a power failure 2, the switch SW4 is turned on, the battery B2 is discharged, and the LED is turned on. The power failure time here is a time when the electric capacity of the battery B2 is about 90%.
During AC energization 2, the switch SW3 is turned on to charge the battery B2, but this is a very short time and there is no change in the electric capacity of the battery.

At the time of a power failure 3, the switch SW2 is turned on, the battery B1 is discharged, and the LED is turned on.
However, the necessary lighting time cannot be maintained and the battery B1 is completely discharged. However, the switch SW4 is turned on and the battery B2 is used as a power source to light the LED.

During AC energization 3, the switches SW1 and SW3 are turned on to charge the batteries B1 and B2.
At the time of a power failure 4, the switch SW2 is turned on, the battery B1 is discharged, and the LED is turned on.

  In this embodiment, when the battery discharged at the time of a power failure cannot maintain the lighting for a predetermined time (25 minutes or more for an induction lamp and 37 minutes or more for an emergency light), the LED is turned on by switching to a different battery.

  The charging method, lighting time, and light source are the same as in the first embodiment.

It is a circuit diagram which shows the structure of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structure of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

Vs Commercial power supply 11 DC power supply part 12 Charging part 13 Control part 14 LED
B1 first battery B2 second battery

Claims (7)

A power supply circuit that converts commercial power into direct current, a plurality of rechargeable batteries, a charging circuit that charges the batteries, a control unit that controls charging and discharging of the batteries, and a light source that can emit light from the batteries. In the lighting device that charges the battery when the commercial power source is energized and discharges the battery when the commercial power source fails to emit light, the discharge order of the plurality of batteries to be discharged at each power failure is determined. in which, at the time of power failure of the commercial power supply, the lighting device according to claim Rukoto discharges the battery corresponding to the order of regardless subsequent discharge capacity of the cells discharged in the previous blackout. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein after the batteries corresponding to the order of discharge are discharged at the time of a power failure of the commercial power source, the discharged battery is charged when the commercial power source is restored. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of batteries are sequentially discharged for every power failure of the commercial power source, and after all the batteries are discharged, the plurality of batteries are charged when the commercial power source is restored. A power supply circuit that converts commercial power into direct current, a plurality of rechargeable batteries, a charging circuit that charges the batteries, a control unit that controls charging and discharging of the batteries, and charging between the plurality of batteries A battery charging unit and a light source capable of emitting light by the battery are provided, and the plurality of batteries have an order of discharge to be discharged every power failure. Regardless of the capacity of the battery, after discharging the batteries corresponding to the next discharge order, when the commercial power supply is restored, the lighting device that charges the plurality of batteries corresponds to the discharge order when the commercial power supply is interrupted When the battery is discharged and then the capacity of the battery remains when the commercial power supply is restored, the other battery is charged by the battery charging unit that charges between the plurality of batteries. Lighting device. 5. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein when the capacity of the battery corresponding to the discharge order is lost during a power failure, the light source is caused to emit light by switching to another battery. 6. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein an LED is used as a light source. A lighting apparatus comprising the lighting device according to claim 1.

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