JP5620832B2 - Fire alarm - Google Patents

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JP5620832B2
JP5620832B2 JP2011011596A JP2011011596A JP5620832B2 JP 5620832 B2 JP5620832 B2 JP 5620832B2 JP 2011011596 A JP2011011596 A JP 2011011596A JP 2011011596 A JP2011011596 A JP 2011011596A JP 5620832 B2 JP5620832 B2 JP 5620832B2
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temperature
fire
light
light emitting
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JP2012155379A (en
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越山 伸一
伸一 越山
小松 幹生
幹生 小松
吉鶴 智博
智博 吉鶴
阪本 浩司
浩司 阪本
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Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Panasonic Corp
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means

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  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Description

本発明は、火災警報器に関し、特に火災に伴って発生する煙を検出することで火災を感知する火災警報器に関する。   The present invention relates to a fire alarm device, and more particularly to a fire alarm device that detects a fire by detecting smoke generated by the fire.

従来の火災警報器として、火災に伴って発生する煙を検出することで火災を感知する、いわゆる煙式の火災警報器がある。かかる煙式の火災警報器は、発光素子が発する光を監視空間に照射し、当該監視空間に存在する煙(微粒子)で散乱した光を受光素子で受光し、その受光レベルがしきい値を超えたときにスピーカから警報音を鳴動する。   As a conventional fire alarm, there is a so-called smoke type fire alarm that senses a fire by detecting smoke generated by the fire. Such smoke-type fire alarms irradiate light emitted from a light emitting element to a monitoring space, receive light scattered by smoke (fine particles) in the monitoring space by a light receiving element, and the light receiving level reaches a threshold value. When it exceeds, a warning sound is emitted from the speaker.

ここで、発光素子としては一般に発光ダイオードが用いられる。発光ダイオードは、駆動電流が一定であるとすると温度が高くなるにつれて光出力が減少するという温度特性を有している(図5参照)。そのために従来は、温度変動による発光素子(発光ダイオード)の光出力変動を抑制するため、温度変動に併せて駆動電流を調整する温度補償回路が設けられている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   Here, a light emitting diode is generally used as the light emitting element. The light-emitting diode has a temperature characteristic that the light output decreases as the temperature increases if the driving current is constant (see FIG. 5). Therefore, conventionally, a temperature compensation circuit that adjusts the drive current in accordance with the temperature variation is provided in order to suppress the light output variation of the light emitting element (light emitting diode) due to the temperature variation (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

また、近年では住宅用火災警報器の設置が義務化されたことに伴い、従来よりも小型且つ安価な火災警報器の提供が望まれている。小型化及びコストダウンを図った火災警報器として、特許文献2に記載されているように、機能が異なる複数種類の回路が1つの集積回路で構成された火災警報器も提供されている。   In recent years, with the installation of residential fire alarms becoming mandatory, provision of fire alarms that are smaller and less expensive than before is desired. As described in Patent Document 2, a fire alarm device in which a plurality of types of circuits having different functions are configured by a single integrated circuit is also provided as a fire alarm device that achieves downsizing and cost reduction.

特開平9−223281号公報JP-A-9-223281 特開2002−358582号公報JP 2002-358582 A

ところで、一旦火災が感知されてスピーカから警報音が鳴動されると、スピーカへの出力信号(警報音を鳴動させるための音響信号)を増幅する増幅器から熱が放出される。そして、小型化された火災警報器内では、温度補償回路の温度検出素子と増幅器が近くに配置される可能性が高いので、増幅器から放出される熱の影響によって温度検出素子の検出温度が発光素子の周囲温度よりも高い温度を検出してしまうことがある。そうすると、温度補償回路の温度補償作用によって発光素子の駆動電流が過剰に増加されてしまう虞があった。   By the way, once a fire is detected and an alarm sound is generated from the speaker, heat is released from an amplifier that amplifies an output signal to the speaker (an acoustic signal for generating the alarm sound). In a miniaturized fire alarm device, the temperature detection element of the temperature compensation circuit and the amplifier are likely to be placed close to each other. Therefore, the detection temperature of the temperature detection element emits light due to the heat emitted from the amplifier. A temperature higher than the ambient temperature of the element may be detected. As a result, the driving current of the light emitting element may be excessively increased by the temperature compensation action of the temperature compensation circuit.

本発明は、上記課題に鑑みて為されたものであり、警報音の鳴動の前後における発光素子の光出力変動を抑制することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to suppress fluctuations in light output of a light-emitting element before and after an alarm sound.

本発明の火災警報器は、発光素子から照射される光の反射光を受光素子で受光して火災を感知する火災感知部と、当該火災感知部の火災感知時に警報用の音響信号を出力する音響信号部と、前記音響信号を増幅してスピーカに出力する増幅部と、周囲温度に応じて前記発光素子の駆動電流を補正する補正部とを備え、当該補正部は、前記スピーカから警報音が鳴動されていない場合、常温における前記駆動電流に、前記周囲温度と常温との差分に比例した電流を加算して補正し、前記スピーカから警報音が鳴動されている場合、常温における前記駆動電流に、前記周囲温度と常温との差分に比例した電流を加算し、且つ0より大きく1未満の補正係数を乗算して補正することを特徴とする。 The fire alarm device of the present invention receives a reflected light of light emitted from a light emitting element by a light receiving element and detects a fire, and outputs an acoustic signal for alarm when a fire is detected by the fire detecting unit. It provided acoustic signal unit, an amplifying unit for outputting to the speaker to amplify the audio signal, and a correcting unit for correcting the driving current of the light emitting device according to the ambient temperature, the correction unit, an alarm sound from the speaker If the alarm is sounded from the speaker, the drive current at room temperature is corrected by adding a current proportional to the difference between the ambient temperature and room temperature to the drive current at room temperature. Further, the correction is performed by adding a current proportional to the difference between the ambient temperature and normal temperature and multiplying by a correction coefficient greater than 0 and less than 1 .

この火災警報器において、少なくとも前記補正部と前記増幅部が一つの集積回路として構成されることが好ましい。   In this fire alarm, at least the correction unit and the amplification unit are preferably configured as one integrated circuit.

本発明の火災警報器は、警報音の鳴動の前後における発光素子の光出力変動を抑制することができるという効果がある。   The fire alarm device of the present invention has an effect that the light output fluctuation of the light emitting element before and after the alarm sound can be suppressed.

本発明の実施形態を示す回路ブロック図である。It is a circuit block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 同上を示し、(a)は側面図、(b)は分解斜視図である。The same as above, (a) is a side view, (b) is an exploded perspective view. 同上における感知ブロックの一部省略した分解斜視図である。It is the disassembled perspective view which a part of sensing block in the same as above was omitted. 同上における感知ブロックのプリント配線板を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the printed wiring board of the sensing block in the same as the above. 発光素子である発光ダイオードの光出力の温度特性を説明するための説明図である。It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the temperature characteristic of the optical output of the light emitting diode which is a light emitting element.

以下、図面を参照して本実施形態の火災警報器を詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the fire alarm device of the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

本実施形態の火災警報器は、図1に示すように発光素子1、受光素子2、集積回路部3、スピーカ4、フィルタ回路5、電源回路6などを備えている。発光素子1は、図3に示すように樹脂モールド型の赤外発光ダイオードからなり、後述する検出空間に光(赤外光)を照射する。受光素子2は、図3に示すようにホトダイオードなどの光電変換素子からなり、検出空間に存在する煙粒子で反射(散乱)された光(散乱孔)を受光して電気信号に変換する。ただし、発光素子1と受光素子2は、互いの光軸が検出空間の中心付近で交差するように配置されている(図3参照)。電源回路6は、電池を電源として発光素子1や集積回路部3などに動作電源Vccを供給している。   As shown in FIG. 1, the fire alarm device of the present embodiment includes a light emitting element 1, a light receiving element 2, an integrated circuit unit 3, a speaker 4, a filter circuit 5, a power circuit 6, and the like. The light emitting element 1 is formed of a resin mold type infrared light emitting diode as shown in FIG. 3, and irradiates light (infrared light) to a detection space described later. As shown in FIG. 3, the light receiving element 2 includes a photoelectric conversion element such as a photodiode, and receives light (scattering holes) reflected (scattered) by smoke particles existing in the detection space and converts it into an electrical signal. However, the light emitting element 1 and the light receiving element 2 are arranged so that their optical axes intersect each other in the vicinity of the center of the detection space (see FIG. 3). The power supply circuit 6 supplies an operating power supply Vcc to the light emitting element 1 and the integrated circuit unit 3 using a battery as a power supply.

集積回路部3は、前処理部30、信号処理部31、音響生成部32、音響変換部33、増幅部34、駆動部35、補正部36などの電子回路が一つの集積回路に集積されて構成されている。前処理部30は、受光素子2の出力信号(受光量に比例した電流信号)を電圧信号に変換し且つ増幅する処理を行う。信号処理部31は、前処理部30で前処理された電圧信号(検出信号)の電圧(信号レベル)を所定のしきい値と比較し、検出信号の信号レベルがしきい値を超えたときに火災が発生したと判定して音響生成部32に火災感知信号を出力する。すなわち、本実施形態では前処理部30と信号処理部31が火災感知部に相当する。   The integrated circuit unit 3 includes electronic circuits such as a preprocessing unit 30, a signal processing unit 31, an acoustic generation unit 32, an acoustic conversion unit 33, an amplification unit 34, a driving unit 35, and a correction unit 36 integrated in one integrated circuit. It is configured. The preprocessing unit 30 performs a process of converting and amplifying the output signal (current signal proportional to the amount of received light) of the light receiving element 2 into a voltage signal. The signal processing unit 31 compares the voltage (signal level) of the voltage signal (detection signal) preprocessed by the preprocessing unit 30 with a predetermined threshold, and when the signal level of the detection signal exceeds the threshold It is determined that a fire has occurred, and a fire detection signal is output to the sound generation unit 32. That is, in the present embodiment, the preprocessing unit 30 and the signal processing unit 31 correspond to a fire detection unit.

音響生成部32は、信号処理部31から火災感知信号を受け取ると、内蔵メモリに格納されている警報音(ブザー音又は音声メッセージあるいはブザー音と音声メッセージの両方)の音響データを読み出して音響変換部33へ出力する。音響変換部33は、音響生成部32から受け取った音響データをアナログの音響信号に変換し、集積回路部3に外付けされているフィルタ回路5に出力する。フィルタ回路5は、集積回路部3の音響変換部33から出力される音響信号の周波数特性を調整し、調整後の音響信号を集積回路部3の増幅部34へ出力する。すなわち、本実施形態では音響生成部32と音響変換部33とフィルタ回路5が音響信号部に相当する。   When the sound generation unit 32 receives the fire detection signal from the signal processing unit 31, the sound generation unit 32 reads the sound data of the alarm sound (buzzer sound or voice message or both the buzzer sound and voice message) stored in the built-in memory and converts the sound. Output to unit 33. The acoustic conversion unit 33 converts the acoustic data received from the acoustic generation unit 32 into an analog acoustic signal and outputs the analog acoustic signal to the filter circuit 5 externally attached to the integrated circuit unit 3. The filter circuit 5 adjusts the frequency characteristic of the acoustic signal output from the acoustic conversion unit 33 of the integrated circuit unit 3, and outputs the adjusted acoustic signal to the amplification unit 34 of the integrated circuit unit 3. That is, in this embodiment, the sound generation unit 32, the sound conversion unit 33, and the filter circuit 5 correspond to the sound signal unit.

増幅部34はフィルタ回路5から出力される音響信号を増幅し、増幅した音響信号をスピーカ4に出力することによってスピーカ4から警報音を鳴動させる。   The amplifying unit 34 amplifies the acoustic signal output from the filter circuit 5, and outputs the amplified acoustic signal to the speaker 4, thereby sounding an alarm sound from the speaker 4.

駆動部35は、図示しないスイッチング素子(例えば、バイポーラトランジスタ)と、当該スイッチング素子をオン・オフ駆動する駆動回路(図示せず)とを具備している。スイッチング素子と発光素子1の直列回路に電源回路6の動作電源Vccが印加されており、駆動回路がスイッチング素子をオンしている間だけ発光素子1に電流(駆動電流)が流れる。ここで、駆動回路がスイッチング素子をオンする期間(オンデューティ比)を調整することにより、発光素子1の駆動電流(単位時間当たりの電流量。以下同じ。)を増減することができる。ただし、駆動回路が発光素子1の印加電圧を変化させることで駆動電流を調整しても構わない。   The drive unit 35 includes a switching element (not shown) (not shown) and a drive circuit (not shown) that drives the switching element on and off. The operating power supply Vcc of the power supply circuit 6 is applied to the series circuit of the switching element and the light emitting element 1, and a current (drive current) flows through the light emitting element 1 only while the drive circuit is turning on the switching element. Here, by adjusting the period during which the drive circuit turns on the switching element (on-duty ratio), the drive current of the light-emitting element 1 (the amount of current per unit time; the same applies hereinafter) can be increased or decreased. However, the drive circuit may adjust the drive current by changing the voltage applied to the light emitting element 1.

補正部36は、図示しない温度検出素子(例えば、サーミスタ)と、温度検出素子の検出温度に応じて駆動部35を制御する制御回路(図示せず)とを具備している。サーミスタからなる温度検出素子は周囲温度(検出温度)に比例して抵抗値が変化する。そして、制御回路は温度検出素子の両端電圧(検出電圧)を一定のサンプリング周期で計測し、計測した検出電圧(検出温度)に対応した駆動電流(単位時間当たりの電流量)を流すように駆動部35の駆動回路を制御(オンデューティ制御)する。なお、駆動回路の具体的な制御方法については後述する。   The correction unit 36 includes a temperature detection element (not shown) (eg, a thermistor) and a control circuit (not shown) that controls the drive unit 35 in accordance with the temperature detected by the temperature detection element. The resistance value of the temperature detection element composed of a thermistor changes in proportion to the ambient temperature (detection temperature). The control circuit measures the voltage across the temperature detection element (detection voltage) at a fixed sampling period, and drives the drive current (current amount per unit time) corresponding to the measured detection voltage (detection temperature). The drive circuit of the unit 35 is controlled (on-duty control). A specific method for controlling the drive circuit will be described later.

次に、本実施形態の火災警報器の構造を説明する。本実施形態の火災警報器は、図2に示すように感知ブロック7、ボディ8、カバー9、取付ベース10、操作部材12、引き紐13などで構成されている。   Next, the structure of the fire alarm device of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the fire alarm device of this embodiment includes a sensing block 7, a body 8, a cover 9, a mounting base 10, an operation member 12, a pull string 13, and the like.

感知ブロック7は、プリント配線板70、光学基台71、防虫カバー72、保護カバー73などで構成されている。プリント配線板70は、発光素子1、受光素子2、押釦スイッチ14、コネクタ15などが表面(図2(b)における上面)に実装され、裏面(図2(b)における下面)に集積回路部3、フィルタ回路5、電源回路6などが実装されている(図4参照)。光学基台71は合成樹脂成形体からなり、円形の底板710にラビリンス壁711、収容部712,713、遮光壁714などが立設され、一方の収容部712に発光素子1を収容し、他方の収容部713に受光素子2を収容する。なお、ラビリンス壁711並びに遮光壁714に囲まれた空間が検出空間となる。   The sensing block 7 includes a printed wiring board 70, an optical base 71, an insect cover 72, a protective cover 73, and the like. The printed wiring board 70 has a light emitting element 1, a light receiving element 2, a push button switch 14, a connector 15 and the like mounted on the front surface (upper surface in FIG. 2B) and an integrated circuit portion on the rear surface (lower surface in FIG. 2B). 3, a filter circuit 5, a power supply circuit 6 and the like are mounted (see FIG. 4). The optical base 71 is made of a synthetic resin molded body, and a labyrinth wall 711, accommodating portions 712 and 713, a light shielding wall 714 and the like are erected on a circular bottom plate 710, the light emitting element 1 is accommodated in one accommodating portion 712, and the other The light receiving element 2 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 713. Note that a space surrounded by the labyrinth wall 711 and the light shielding wall 714 is a detection space.

光学基台71におけるラビリンス壁711並びに遮光壁714の周囲が防虫カバー72で覆われる。この防虫カバー72は有底円筒形の合成樹脂成形体からなり、その周壁には煙粒子の粒子径よりも大きく且つ蚊やハエなどの虫や埃よりも小さい寸法の網目を有した網部720が形成されている。すなわち、防虫カバー72の網部720は、煙粒子が検出空間に進入することを邪魔せずに虫や埃などの異物が検出空間に進入することを阻止している。保護カバー73は有底円筒形の合成樹脂成形体からなり、その内側に光学基台71の底板710以外の部分と防虫カバー72とスピーカ4を収納するようにして光学基台71に被着される。保護カバー73の底面にはスピーカ4から鳴動される音を通すために多数の通孔74が同心円上に並設されている。また保護カバー73の側面には複数のスリット75が設けられ、これらのスリット75を通して感知ブロック7の検出空間に外気が導入される。   The periphery of the labyrinth wall 711 and the light shielding wall 714 in the optical base 71 is covered with an insect repellent cover 72. The insect-proof cover 72 is made of a bottomed cylindrical synthetic resin molding, and has a mesh part 720 having a mesh size larger than the particle diameter of smoke particles and smaller than insects and dust such as mosquitoes and flies on its peripheral wall. Is formed. That is, the net portion 720 of the insect-proof cover 72 prevents foreign matters such as insects and dust from entering the detection space without disturbing the smoke particles from entering the detection space. The protective cover 73 is made of a bottomed cylindrical synthetic resin molded body, and is attached to the optical base 71 so as to house the part other than the bottom plate 710 of the optical base 71, the insect-proof cover 72 and the speaker 4 inside. The On the bottom surface of the protective cover 73, a large number of through holes 74 are arranged in parallel on the concentric circles so as to pass the sound generated from the speaker 4. A plurality of slits 75 are provided on the side surface of the protective cover 73, and outside air is introduced into the detection space of the sensing block 7 through these slits 75.

ボディ8は略円板状の合成樹脂成形体からなり、電池が収納される略半円筒形の電池収納部80が表面(図2(b)における上面)側に突設され、取付ベース10に取り付けるための取付部81が裏面(図2(b)における下面)側に突設されている。   The body 8 is formed of a substantially disc-shaped synthetic resin molding, and a substantially semi-cylindrical battery housing portion 80 in which a battery is housed projects from the surface (upper surface in FIG. 2B) and is attached to the mounting base 10. A mounting portion 81 for mounting projects from the rear surface (the lower surface in FIG. 2B).

カバー9は、円筒形の周壁90と、周壁90の一端側(図2(b)における上側)に設けられた略半球面状の主部91とが合成樹脂成形体として一体に形成されてなる。主部91は、その中央に円形の挿通孔92が形成されるとともに、挿通孔92の近傍には挿通孔92よりも小径の丸孔93が形成されている。そして、ボディ8とカバー9とが感知ブロック7を内部に収納した状態で組立ねじ11によって結合されることにより、火災警報器の筐体が組み立てられる。なお、感知ブロック7の保護カバー73はカバー9の挿通孔92に挿通されて外部に露出する。   The cover 9 is formed by integrally forming a cylindrical peripheral wall 90 and a substantially hemispherical main portion 91 provided on one end side (the upper side in FIG. 2B) of the peripheral wall 90 as a synthetic resin molding. . The main portion 91 has a circular insertion hole 92 formed in the center thereof, and a circular hole 93 having a smaller diameter than the insertion hole 92 is formed in the vicinity of the insertion hole 92. And the housing | casing of a fire alarm is assembled by couple | bonding the body 8 and the cover 9 with the assembly screw 11 in the state which accommodated the detection block 7 in the inside. The protective cover 73 of the sensing block 7 is inserted through the insertion hole 92 of the cover 9 and exposed to the outside.

また、カバー9には操作部材12が取り付けられる。操作部材12は、プリント配線板70の表面に実装されている押釦スイッチ14を押操作するためのものである。そして、この押釦スイッチ14が押操作されることにより、警報音を停止させるための操作入力が信号処理部31に入力される。操作部材12は、図2(b)に示すように矩形平板状の主片120と、主片120の表面側に突設された略円柱形状の押釦部121と、主片120の一端部から下方に突出する連結片122と、連結片122の根元部分から両側に突設された一対の軸部123とを有する合成樹脂成形体からなる。   An operation member 12 is attached to the cover 9. The operation member 12 is for pressing the push button switch 14 mounted on the surface of the printed wiring board 70. When the push button switch 14 is pressed, an operation input for stopping the alarm sound is input to the signal processing unit 31. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the operation member 12 includes a rectangular flat plate-shaped main piece 120, a substantially cylindrical push button portion 121 protruding from the surface side of the main piece 120, and one end portion of the main piece 120. It consists of a synthetic resin molded body having a connecting piece 122 projecting downward and a pair of shaft parts 123 projecting on both sides from the root portion of the connecting piece 122.

カバー9の主部91における丸孔93の背面側には、操作部材12の軸部123を回動自在に軸支する軸受け(図示せず)が設けられている。そして、操作部材12は、押釦部121が丸孔93内に収まるように軸部123が軸受けに軸支されてカバー9に取り付けられる。また、連結片122の先端に引き紐13が連結されている。而して、押釦部121が前方から押操作されるか、あるいは引き紐13が側方に引かれると、操作部材12が軸部123を支点に回動され、プリント配線板70に実装されている押釦スイッチ14が押釦部121で押操作される。   On the back side of the round hole 93 in the main portion 91 of the cover 9, a bearing (not shown) that rotatably supports the shaft portion 123 of the operation member 12 is provided. The operation member 12 is attached to the cover 9 with the shaft portion 123 being pivotally supported by the bearing so that the push button portion 121 is accommodated in the round hole 93. Further, the drawstring 13 is connected to the tip of the connecting piece 122. Thus, when the push button portion 121 is pushed from the front or the pull string 13 is pulled sideways, the operation member 12 is rotated around the shaft portion 123 and mounted on the printed wiring board 70. The push button switch 14 is pressed by the push button unit 121.

取付ベース10は、円板状の合成樹脂成形体からなる。取付ベース10の周縁部には、ボディ8の複数の取付部81と係脱自在に係合する複数(図示例では4つ)の係合部100が設けられている。また、取付ベース10には、天井又は壁に取り付けるための取付ねじ(木ねじ)が挿通される2つの取付孔101,102が形成されている。そして、これらの取付孔101,102に各別に挿通された取付ねじ(図示せず)により、取付ベース10が天井又は壁にねじ止めされる。   The mounting base 10 is made of a disc-shaped synthetic resin molded body. A plurality of (four in the illustrated example) engaging portions 100 that are detachably engaged with the plurality of mounting portions 81 of the body 8 are provided at the peripheral portion of the mounting base 10. The mounting base 10 is formed with two mounting holes 101 and 102 through which mounting screws (wood screws) for mounting on the ceiling or wall are inserted. Then, the mounting base 10 is screwed to the ceiling or wall by mounting screws (not shown) inserted into the mounting holes 101 and 102 respectively.

而して、壁(あるいは天井)に取り付けられた取付ベース10の前面側に筐体が被せられ、この筐体が時計回りに回動されると、取付ベース10の係合部100にボディ8の取付部81が係合し、取付ベース10と筐体が結合されて火災警報器が壁(あるいは天井)に設置される。   Thus, the housing is put on the front side of the mounting base 10 attached to the wall (or ceiling), and when the housing is rotated clockwise, the body 8 is placed on the engaging portion 100 of the mounting base 10. The mounting portion 81 is engaged, the mounting base 10 and the housing are coupled, and the fire alarm is installed on the wall (or ceiling).

最後に、本発明の要旨である補正部36の補正処理(温度補償処理)について説明する。既に説明したように発光素子1である発光ダイオードは、温度(周囲温度)が上昇するにつれて光出力が減少するという温度特性を有している。つまり、火災警報器が設置されている場所(室内)の雰囲気温度(室温)が常温よりも高く又は低くなると発光素子1の周囲温度も上昇又は下降して光出力が増減する。図5に示した温度特性によれば、例えば、常温(25℃)における発光ダイオードの光出力に対して、常温よりも高い温度(例えば、40℃)における光出力が約10%程度減少する。   Finally, correction processing (temperature compensation processing) of the correction unit 36 that is the gist of the present invention will be described. As already described, the light-emitting diode that is the light-emitting element 1 has a temperature characteristic that the light output decreases as the temperature (ambient temperature) increases. That is, when the ambient temperature (room temperature) in the place (room) where the fire alarm is installed becomes higher or lower than the normal temperature, the ambient temperature of the light emitting element 1 also increases or decreases, and the light output increases or decreases. According to the temperature characteristics shown in FIG. 5, for example, the light output at a temperature higher than room temperature (for example, 40 ° C.) is reduced by about 10% with respect to the light output of the light emitting diode at room temperature (25 ° C.).

そこで補正部36では、周囲温度(温度検出素子の検出温度)が常温よりも高くなれば駆動電流を増加し、周囲温度が常温よりも低くなれば駆動電流を減少させるように駆動部35を制御して発光素子1の光出力を常温時の光出力に略一致させている。すなわち、補正部36の制御回路は、下記の式1により周囲温度T〔℃〕において光出力を常温時の光出力に一致させるために必要な駆動電流I1を求め、当該駆動電流I1を流すように駆動部35(駆動回路)のオンデューティ比を調整する。   Therefore, the correction unit 36 controls the drive unit 35 to increase the drive current if the ambient temperature (detection temperature of the temperature detection element) is higher than normal temperature, and to decrease the drive current if the ambient temperature is lower than normal temperature. Thus, the light output of the light-emitting element 1 is substantially matched with the light output at normal temperature. That is, the control circuit of the correction unit 36 obtains the driving current I1 necessary for matching the optical output with the optical output at the normal temperature at the ambient temperature T [° C.] according to the following equation 1, and causes the driving current I1 to flow. In addition, the on-duty ratio of the drive unit 35 (drive circuit) is adjusted.

I1=I0+k×(T-25) …(式1)
ただし、I0は常温における駆動電流、Tは周囲温度(温度検出素子の検出温度)、kは補正係数、I1は周囲温度Tにおける駆動電流である。
I1 = I0 + k × (T-25) (Formula 1)
However, I0 is the drive current at normal temperature, T is the ambient temperature (detection temperature of the temperature detection element), k is the correction coefficient, and I1 is the drive current at the ambient temperature T.

上述のように補正部36が温度検出素子の検出温度に応じて駆動電流を補正することにより、発光素子1の光出力をほぼ一定に保つことができる。   As described above, the correction unit 36 corrects the drive current in accordance with the temperature detected by the temperature detection element, whereby the light output of the light emitting element 1 can be kept substantially constant.

ところで、図4に示すように発光素子1と温度検出素子(集積回路部3)とはプリント配線板70上で離れた位置に実装されている。したがって、集積回路部3の発熱量が相対的に少ないとき、具体的には、スピーカ4から警報音が鳴動されていない(増幅部34が増幅動作を行っていない)ときには、発光素子1の周囲温度と温度検出素子の検出温度が一致していると考えて差し支えない。しかしながら、集積回路部3の発熱量が相対的に多いとき、具体的には、スピーカ4から警報音が鳴動されている(増幅部34が増幅動作を行っている)ときには、発光素子1の周囲温度と温度検出素子の検出温度の誤差が大きくなる。故に、スピーカ4から警報音が鳴動されているときは温度検出素子の検出温度が発光素子1の実際の周囲温度よりも高い値となるので、上記式1から求められる駆動電流I1に補正されると駆動電流I1が大きくなりすぎて光出力を一定に保つことができない。   Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 4, the light emitting element 1 and the temperature detecting element (integrated circuit unit 3) are mounted at positions separated from each other on the printed wiring board 70. Therefore, when the heat generation amount of the integrated circuit unit 3 is relatively small, specifically, when the alarm sound is not sounded from the speaker 4 (the amplification unit 34 is not performing the amplification operation), the surroundings of the light emitting element 1 It can be considered that the temperature and the detection temperature of the temperature detection element coincide with each other. However, when the heat generation amount of the integrated circuit unit 3 is relatively large, specifically, when an alarm sound is sounded from the speaker 4 (the amplification unit 34 is performing an amplification operation), the surroundings of the light emitting element 1 The error between the temperature and the temperature detected by the temperature detection element increases. Therefore, when an alarm sound is sounded from the speaker 4, the detected temperature of the temperature detecting element is higher than the actual ambient temperature of the light emitting element 1, so that it is corrected to the driving current I 1 obtained from the above equation 1. The drive current I1 becomes too large to keep the light output constant.

そこで本実施形態における補正部36(の制御回路)は、スピーカ4から警報音が鳴動されているとき、式1ではなく、式1に補正係数α(0<α<1)を掛けた下記の式2によって周囲温度Tにおける駆動電流I1を求めている。   Therefore, the correction unit 36 (the control circuit thereof) in the present embodiment, when the alarm sound is sounded from the speaker 4, is obtained by multiplying the correction coefficient α (0 <α <1) by the expression 1 instead of the expression 1. The driving current I1 at the ambient temperature T is obtained from Equation 2.

I1={I0+k×(T-25)}×α …(式2)
そして、補正部36(の制御回路)は、スピーカ4から警報音が鳴動されているとき、上記式2により周囲温度T〔℃〕において光出力を常温時の光出力に一致させるために必要な駆動電流I1を求め、当該駆動電流I1を流すように駆動部35(駆動回路)のオンデューティ比を調整する。その結果、スピーカ4から警報音が鳴動される前後においても、発光素子1の光出力をほぼ一定に保つことができる。
I1 = {I0 + k × (T-25)} × α (Expression 2)
Then, the correction unit 36 (the control circuit thereof) is necessary to make the light output coincide with the light output at the normal temperature at the ambient temperature T [° C.] according to the above equation 2 when the alarm sound is sounded from the speaker 4. The drive current I1 is obtained, and the on-duty ratio of the drive unit 35 (drive circuit) is adjusted so that the drive current I1 flows. As a result, the light output of the light emitting element 1 can be kept substantially constant before and after the alarm sound is emitted from the speaker 4.

上述のように本実施形態では、スピーカ4から警報音が鳴動される前後で補正部36が相互に異なる補正(式1から駆動電流I1を求める補正と式2から駆動電流I1を求める補正)を選択して行うので、警報音鳴動前後の発光素子1の光出力変動を抑制することができる。特に、本実施形態のように温度検出素子を具備する補正部36と、発熱量の大きい増幅部34とが一つの集積回路(集積回路部3)として構成される場合に光出力変動の抑制効果が高くなる。ただし、必ずしも補正部36と増幅部34が一つの集積回路として構成されている必要は無く、補正部36が発光素子1よりも増幅部34に近い位置に配置されていれば、スピーカ4から警報音が鳴動される前後で光出力変動の抑制効果が期待できる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the correction unit 36 performs different corrections (correction for obtaining the drive current I1 from Equation 1 and correction for obtaining the drive current I1 from Equation 2) before and after the alarm sound from the speaker 4 is sounded. Since it selects and performs, the light output fluctuation | variation of the light emitting element 1 before and behind alarm sounding can be suppressed. In particular, when the correction unit 36 including the temperature detection element and the amplification unit 34 having a large amount of heat generation are configured as one integrated circuit (integrated circuit unit 3) as in the present embodiment, the light output fluctuation suppressing effect is reduced. Becomes higher. However, the correction unit 36 and the amplification unit 34 do not necessarily have to be configured as a single integrated circuit. If the correction unit 36 is disposed closer to the amplification unit 34 than the light emitting element 1, an alarm is output from the speaker 4. It can be expected to suppress the fluctuation of light output before and after the sound is sounded.

1 発光素子
2 受光素子
4 スピーカ
5 フィルタ回路(音響信号部)
30 前処理部(火災感知部)
31 信号処理部(火災感知部)
32 音響生成部(音響信号部)
33 音響変換部(音響信号部)
34 増幅部
35 駆動部
36 補正部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light emitting element 2 Light receiving element 4 Speaker 5 Filter circuit (acoustic signal part)
30 Pre-processing part (fire detection part)
31 Signal processor (fire detector)
32 Sound generator (acoustic signal part)
33 Acoustic conversion part (acoustic signal part)
34 Amplifier
35 Drive unit
36 Correction section

Claims (2)

発光素子から照射される光の反射光を受光素子で受光して火災を感知する火災感知部と、当該火災感知部の火災感知時に警報用の音響信号を出力する音響信号部と、前記音響信号を増幅してスピーカに出力する増幅部と、周囲温度に応じて前記発光素子の駆動電流を補正する補正部とを備え、当該補正部は、前記スピーカから警報音が鳴動されていない場合、常温における前記駆動電流に、前記周囲温度と常温との差分に比例した電流を加算して補正し、前記スピーカから警報音が鳴動されている場合、常温における前記駆動電流に、前記周囲温度と常温との差分に比例した電流を加算し、且つ0より大きく1未満の補正係数を乗算して補正することを特徴とする火災警報器。 A fire detection unit that detects a fire by receiving reflected light of light emitted from a light emitting element by a light receiving element, an acoustic signal unit that outputs an acoustic signal for alarm when a fire is detected by the fire detection unit, and the acoustic signal And a correction unit that corrects the drive current of the light emitting element according to the ambient temperature, and when the alarm sound is not sounded from the speaker , the correction unit And correcting the current by adding a current proportional to the difference between the ambient temperature and normal temperature to the drive current in the case where an alarm sound is sounded from the speaker. A fire alarm device that corrects by adding a current proportional to the difference between the two and multiplying by a correction coefficient greater than 0 and less than 1 . 少なくとも前記補正部と前記増幅部が一つの集積回路として構成されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の火災警報器。   2. The fire alarm according to claim 1, wherein at least the correction unit and the amplification unit are configured as one integrated circuit.
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