JP5620758B2 - Copying device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a copying apparatus that is used when, for example, a welding torch is moved along a groove formed between welded parts in butt welding between welded parts facing each other.

Conventionally, as a copying apparatus as described above, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1.
This copying apparatus is used by being attached to a semi-automatic welding cart in which a welding torch is mounted so as to be swingable and vertically movable. This copying apparatus includes a roller that is inserted into a groove between welded plates and moves along a groove line, and sensors that detect the movement of the roller in the left-right direction and the up-down direction. In this copying apparatus, the movement of the roller moving along the groove is detected by various sensors, and the torch drive mechanism on the welding carriage is operated by the detection signal obtained thereby, so that the welding torch is always on the groove line. It controls to face.

In such a copying apparatus, since adjustment work of various sensors is time consuming, a flexible and simple copying method is required and adopted at the welding site.
In this copying method, a copying roller is directly attached to a welding torch mounted on a welding carriage so as to be able to swing and move up and down. In this copying method, a welding plate forming a groove is formed. The welding torch is always directed to the groove line by moving the inclined outer peripheral surfaces formed on the front and back surfaces of the copying roller to the respective ends together with the welding torch.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 08-323476

  However, when trying to copy the groove using the copying roller, if the groove width changes, the inclined outer peripheral surface of the copying roller is in contact with each end of the plate to be welded. Although the torch can always be directed toward the groove line, there is a problem that the welding torch moves up and down together with the copying roller due to the size of the groove width and approaches and separates the welded portion.

  Further, when the copying roller is used, there is a problem that the welding torch tilts together with the copying roller when there is a mistake between the welded plates forming the groove. It was an issue.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described conventional problems, and of course, for example, the welding torch can always be directed toward the groove center without using sensors that need to be adjusted. To provide a copying apparatus capable of maintaining the position of a welding torch even if there is a change in groove width or a difference in the welded plate, and as a result, stable construction can be realized. It is an object.

The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a copying apparatus that directs a welding tool on a carriage moving along the welded parts facing each other toward a center line between the welded parts, and is coupled to the carriage. A tool holder for holding the welding tool, a pair of contact bodies that come into contact with the opposing ends of the welded parts facing each other, and the tool holder attached to the tool holder. The pair of contact bodies are supported so as to be able to approach and separate from each other in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, and the vertical positional relationship of the tool holder with respect to the pair of contact bodies is maintained when the pair of contact bodies approach and separate from each other. to copying mechanism and, by applying a force away from each other with respect to the pair of contact members, and spacing force applying means for maintaining the contact state of the pair of contacting members and the respective opposite ends of the welded portion The above Located between the car and the implement holder comprises a movement permitting mechanism for permitting the movement in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the carriage of the scanning mechanism, the movement permitting mechanism includes a traveling direction thereof to the carriage A cylindrical body fixed along the orthogonal direction, and a threaded portion is formed on the other end side which is slidably inserted into the cylindrical body and is connected to the tool holder and protrudes from the cylindrical body. A slide shaft, an adjustment knob screwed into the threaded portion of the slide shaft, and a compression coil spring fitted on the other end side of the slide shaft and between the cylinder and the adjustment knob. The copying apparatus having this configuration is used as a means for solving the above-described conventional problems.

  In the copying apparatus of the present invention, the welding tool mounted on the carriage includes a welding torch for semi-automatic welding, a laser welding torch, and a plasma welding torch, as well as thermal cutting processing, chamfering processing, or groove surface of the groove portion. It also includes tools such as cutting torches and grinders that perform this grinding process.

  When the welding tool is a welding torch for semi-automatic welding, a laser welding torch or a plasma welding torch, a welding tool holder is used in which the welding torch is positioned at the center of a pair of contact bodies, and the welding tool is used for the groove portion. In the case of a tool such as a cutting torch or a grinder for performing a heat cutting process, a chamfering process, or a grinding process of a groove surface, the tool is attached to a pair of contact bodies and a groove formed on a welded portion is formed. A processing tool holder such as cutting or grinding that is held in accordance with an angle is used.

  Further, in the copying apparatus according to the present invention, the pair of contact bodies that come into contact with the opposing ends of the welded portions facing each other are in sliding contact with the opposing ends of the welded portion. In order to achieve this, it is desirable to coat each tip of the pair of contact bodies with a solid lubricant such as graphite, or to round them.

  Furthermore, as the separation force applying means for applying a force in a direction away from each other to the pair of contact bodies, a material such as a coil spring, elastic rubber, or magnet can be used, but the ambient temperature rises. In consideration of the fact that the surrounding material is magnetized, it is desirable to employ a metal coil spring.

Here, when a magnet is employed as the separation force applying means, a pair of magnets are used to bring the pair of contact bodies into contact with the opposing ends of the welded portion by the mutual repulsive force of both magnets.
In addition, by forming the pair of contact bodies with magnets, the pair of contact bodies may also serve as a separating force applying means. When the welded portion is made of a magnetic material such as iron, the pair of contact bodies These contact bodies are brought into contact with the respective opposite ends of the welded part by the attractive force of the body. On the other hand, when the welded part is made of a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel, the mutual repulsive force of the pair of contact bodies The contact body is brought into contact with each facing end of the welded part.

In the copying apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention, for example, when butt welding is performed by being attached to a semi-automatic welding carriage, first, a direction in which the separation force is applied (or a separation direction) while resisting the force in the separation direction applied from the separation force applying means. A pair of contact bodies are brought into contact with the respective opposite ends of the welded part forming the groove.
Next, when welding is started by running the welding carriage, the welding torch held by the welding tool holder is already in the center of the groove because the pair of contact bodies are in contact with the opposing ends of the welded parts. Since it faces the line, a good butt weld will be made.

  Here, when the groove width changes in the middle of welding or when there is a difference between the welded parts forming the groove, the pair of contact bodies is centered on the welding tool holder. Although the approaching mechanism is separated from each other in the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction, the positional relationship of the welding tool holder holding the welding torch with respect to the pair of contact bodies is maintained by the copying mechanism that supports the pair of contact bodies. Since the attitude of the welding torch is maintained, good butt welding is continuously performed.

  Further, in the copying apparatus according to the present invention, for example, two cutting torches or grinders are attached to a tool holder for processing such as cutting and grinding, and these cutting torches or grinders are both to be cut and ground facing each other. Even if there is a change in the distance between the parts to be cut and ground when the carriage is set to go to the center between the parts, the posture of the two cutting torches or grinders to be cut and ground by the copying mechanism Therefore, good groove formation is achieved.

  Then, if a cart equipped with a grinder and a semi-automatic welding cart equipped with a welding torch are sequentially run along the welded parts facing each other, narrow groove formation and butt welding can be performed at once. It will be.

Further, in the copying apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention, a movement allowing mechanism that is located between the carriage and the tool holder and allows the copying mechanism to move in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the carriage. The movement-allowing mechanism includes a cylindrical body fixed to the carriage along a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction thereof, and is slidably inserted into the cylindrical body and has one end connected to the tool holder. A slide shaft having a threaded portion formed on the other end protruding from the cylindrical body, an adjustment knob screwed into the threaded portion of the slide shaft, the other end side of the slide shaft and the cylindrical body and the adjustment since a structure that includes a compression coil spring which is fitted between knob, the movement permitting mechanism, the copying mechanism, Ri Do to having flexibility in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the carriage, For example When doing welding while advancing the carriage, as the distance between the groove center and the carriage has changed, moving acceptable mechanism becomes possible to absorb the change in this distance, it may continue without hindrance welding It will be.

Here, for example, in the case of welding where the carriage travels on the rail installed along the groove, such as upward welding, it is originally necessary to accurately install the rail in parallel along the groove, Even if the rail is installed somewhat rough with respect to the groove, the welding torch surely faces the groove center by the movement allowance mechanism.
That is, when the rail is installed, high positional accuracy with respect to the groove is not required, so that the setup efficiency is improved accordingly.

In the copying apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention, the copying mechanism is a pantograph mechanism having two long links and two short links, and one end portions of the long links are connected to each other so as to be rotatable. In addition, one end portions of the short links are rotatably connected to the tool holder, and the pair of contact bodies are rotatably connected to the other end portions of the long links. The other ends of the short links are pivotally connected to each other between the ends of the long links, the connection points between the one ends of the short links and the tool holder, and the long links The connection point of each other end part and a pair of said contact body is set as the structure always located on the same line.

  Here, when the pantograph mechanism is employed as the copying mechanism, the pantograph mechanism having the same structure may be arranged at two positions in the axial direction of the welding torch in order to smoothly perform the approaching and separating operation of the pair of contact bodies. Although desirable, for example, this is not the case when a guide for guiding the approaching and separating operation of the pair of contact bodies is provided.

  Since the copying apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention has the above-described configuration, for example, the welding torch can always be directed toward the groove center without using sensors that need adjustment, Even if there is a change in the groove width or a difference in the welded plate, it is possible to maintain the position of the welding torch, and therefore, it is possible to achieve a very good effect of enabling stable construction. It is.

Further, in the copying apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention, if example embodiment, as the upward welding, the upper rails installed along the groove when the welding carriage travels, the setup operation of such rail installation work Since the copying apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention has the above-described configuration, for example, while maintaining the posture of the welding torch with respect to the welded portion, the configuration is relatively simple. The welding torch can always be directed to the groove center.

It is front explanatory drawing in the copying operation condition of the copying apparatus which concerns on one reference example of this invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory side view of the operation state of the copying apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2A is an enlarged operation explanatory diagram when the groove width is large and FIG. 2B is an enlarged operation explanatory diagram when the groove width is small, showing a state corresponding to a change in the groove width of the copying apparatus in FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial front explanatory view in an operation state when the copying apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is applied to copying a groove groove. Is a front view showing the copying operation status of the copying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is front explanatory drawing in the copying operation condition of the copying apparatus which concerns on the other reference example of this invention. FIG. 7 is an explanatory side view of the operation state of the copying apparatus shown in FIG. 6.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3 shows one reference example of the copying apparatus according to the present invention, this reference example will be described as an example a case of adopting a downward butt welding mimic have device.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the copying apparatus 10 is an apparatus that is attached to a welding torch (welding tool) 2 mounted on a semi-automatic welding carriage 1. This welding torch 2 is held swingably and vertically movable on a semi-automatic welding cart 1 via an adapter 3, and as the semi-automatic welding cart 1 travels, a welded plate (welded portion) W, It moves along the groove Wb between W.

  The copying apparatus 10 is an apparatus that always directs the welding torch 2 toward the center line L of the groove Wb, and is in contact with the opposing ends Wa and Wa of the welded plates W and W forming the groove Wb. A pair of moving contact bodies 11 and 11 and a block (welding tool holder) which is connected to the adapter 3 and holds the welding torch 2 in such a manner that the tip of the welding torch 2 is located behind the semi-automatic welding carriage 1 in the traveling direction. 13, a copying mechanism 20 attached to the block 13, and a metal coil spring 14 serving as a separation force applying unit that applies a force in a direction away from the pair of contact bodies 11, 11. .

  The pair of contact bodies 11 and 11 are both supported by plates 12 and 12 along the vertical direction. In addition, in order to make this sliding contact smooth in the part which contacts each opposing edge Wa of Wa of the to-be-welded plates W and W in a pair of contact bodies 11 and 11, coating of solid lubricants, such as a graphite. It is desirable to apply a rounding process.

The copying mechanism 20 is a pantograph mechanism having two long links 21 and 21 and two short links 22 and 22, and one end portions of the long links 21 and 21 are rotatable with respect to each other via a pin 23. The one ends of the short links 22 and 22 are connected to each other via a pin 24 so as to be rotatable.
Further, plates 12 and 12 supporting the pair of contact bodies 11 and 11 are rotatably connected to the other end portions of the long links 21 and 21 via pins 25 and 25, respectively. The other ends of the short links 22 and 22 are rotatably connected to each other through pins 26 and 26 at the centers between the parts.

  In this case, the pin 24 for connecting one end portions of the short links 22 and 22 also serves as an attachment pin fixed to the welding torch 2 side via the block 13, and as shown in FIG. The pins 24 fixed to the second side and the other ends of the long links 21 and 21 and the pins 25 and 25 connecting the plates 12 and 12 are always located on the same line T.

  That is, the copying mechanism 20 is configured so that the pair of contact bodies 11 and 11 can approach and separate in a direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1) perpendicular to the traveling direction of the semi-automatic welding cart 1 with the block 13 as the center. 11 is supported. The copying mechanism 20 maintains the axial positional relationship (the vertical positional relationship in FIG. 1) of the welding torch 2 with respect to the pair of contact bodies 11, 11 when the pair of contact bodies 11, 11 approach and separate from each other. That is, the posture of the welding torch 2 is maintained.

In this reference example, the above-described copying mechanism 20 is disposed at two locations on the upper and lower ends of the plates 12 and 12 that support the pair of contact bodies 11 and 11, and between the fixing pins 24 and 24 of both the copying mechanisms 20. Is provided with a connecting plate 27. Note that one of the copying mechanisms 20 arranged at two locations may be replaced with, for example, a linear guide that guides the approach and separation of the pair of contact bodies 11 and 11.

  The metal coil springs 14 that apply forces in a direction away from each other to the pair of contact bodies 11, 11 are respectively disposed between the plates 12, 12 that support the pair of contact bodies 11, 11 and the connection plate 27. It is installed.

  In the copying apparatus 10 having such a configuration, when performing the downward butt welding of the welded plates W, W, first, the copying mechanism 20 is connected to the welding torch 2 side mounted on the semi-automatic welding carriage 1 via the block 13. Then, the pair of contact bodies 11, 11 are brought into contact with the opposing ends Wa, Wa of the welded plates W, W while resisting the force in the separating direction applied from the coil springs 14, 14, respectively.

  Subsequently, when the butt welding is started by running the semi-automatic welding carriage 1, the welding torch 2 is caused by the pair of contact bodies 11 and 11 being in contact with the opposing ends Wa and Wa of the welded plates W and W, respectively. Since it is already directed to the center line L of the groove Wb, good butt welding is performed.

  Here, in the middle of welding, the width of the groove Wb changes to the wide groove width Gw shown in FIG. 3A or the narrow groove width Gn shown in FIG. 3B. If there is a difference between the welded plates W and W forming the groove Wb, the pantograph mechanism which is the copying mechanism 20 is slidably brought into contact with the opposite ends Wa and Wa of the welded plates W and W. A pair of contact bodies 11, 11 are separated from or approaching each other in a direction (left-right direction) perpendicular to the traveling direction of the semi-automatic welding cart 1 with the block 13 as the center (centering on the surface including the welding torch 2). To do. Therefore, the attitude of the welding torch 2 facing the center line L of the groove Wb does not change.

  Further, in such a case, the axial positional relationship (vertical position in the vertical direction) of the welding torch 2 with respect to the pair of contact bodies 11, 11 that approach and separate from each other by the pantograph mechanism that is the copying mechanism 20 that supports the pair of contact bodies 11, 11. Relationship) is also maintained, that is, the distance to the welding portion of the welding torch 2 is also maintained, so that good butt welding is continuously performed, and as a result, stable construction is always achieved. It becomes.

In the reference example described above, mimic have devices to be welded plate W, although the case of adopting a downward butt welding for the groove Wb between W is described as an example, but the invention is not limited thereto, for example, As shown in FIG. 4, it is also possible to employ butt welding with respect to the groove groove Wb ′ between the facing ends Wa ′ and Wa ′ of the welded portions W ′ and W ′ or upward butt welding using a back plate. It is.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the copying apparatus according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a case where the copying apparatus according to the present invention is employed for upward butt welding will be described as an example.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a semi-automatic welding cart 1A to which the copying apparatus 10A is attached is a cart that travels on a rail R installed on a plate to be welded (welded portion) W via a spacer S. The roller unit 1a which embraces the thick strips Ra formed on both side portions from above and below is provided on the left and right.

The copying apparatus 10A of this embodiment attached to the semi-automatic welding carriage 1A via an adapter 3 is different from the copying apparatus 10 in the previous reference example in that it is a block as a semi-automatic welding carriage 1A and a welding tool holder. Between the adapter 13 on the 13th side, there is a movement allowance mechanism 30 that allows the copying mechanism 20 to move in a direction (left-right direction in the figure) orthogonal to the traveling direction of the semi-automatic welding carriage 1A. Is the same as the copying apparatus 10 in the previous reference example.

  The movement allowance mechanism 30 includes a cylindrical body 31 that is fixed to the semi-automatic welding carriage 1A along a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction thereof, and a slide shaft 32 that is slidably inserted into the cylindrical body 31. The adapter 3 is connected to one end of the slide shaft 32 on the groove Wb side, and a threaded portion 33 is formed on the other end of the slide shaft 32 protruding from the cylindrical body 31.

  An adjustment knob 34 is screwed into the thread portion 33, and a compression coil spring 35 is fitted on the other end side of the slide shaft 32 and between the cylindrical body 31 and the adjustment knob 34. That is, the repulsive force of the compression coil spring 35 always acts on the slide shaft 32 as a force in the direction opposite to the groove Wb, and this force is greatly increased by moving the adjustment knob 34 toward the cylindrical body 31 side. On the other hand, the adjustment knob 34 is reduced by moving it away from the cylindrical body 31.

  In this movement allowance mechanism 30, when the adjustment knob 34 is operated to apply a force in the direction opposite to the groove Wb having an appropriate size to the slide shaft 32, the pair of contact bodies 11, 11 together with the copying mechanism 20 is moved to the rail R. The contact body 11 on the rail R side of the pair of contact bodies 11 and 11 always comes into contact with the opposing end Wa that forms the groove Wb. Therefore, even if the distance between the groove Wb and the rail R is changed during welding while the semi-automatic welding carriage 1A is being advanced, the welding can be continued without any trouble.

  As described above, in the copying apparatus 10A according to this embodiment, even if the rail R, which is originally required to be accurately installed in parallel along the groove Wb, is installed to some extent rough with respect to the groove Wb, it is moved. By the allowance mechanism 30, the welding torch 2 can be reliably directed toward the center of the groove Wb. As a result, when the rail R is installed, the setup efficiency is improved as much as high positional accuracy with respect to the groove Wb is not required.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the copying apparatus according to the present invention is used for upward butt welding with respect to the groove Wb between the welded plates W and W has been described as an example. However, the invention is not limited thereto. It is also possible to employ butt welding with respect to the groove groove Wb ′ and downward butt welding.

6 and 7 shows another reference example of the copying apparatus according to the present invention, this reference example will be described as an example a case of adopting a groove forming processing mimic have device.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the copying apparatus 50 includes a processing holder 53 as a tool holder for holding two cutting torches (or grinders) 42, 42, and the other configuration is the first. This is the same as the copying apparatus 10 in the reference example. The processing holder 53 is connected to the carriage 41, and the two cutting torches 42, 42 are matched to the angle of the groove Wb that forms between the opposed ends Wa, Wa of the welded plates W, W, and All hold | maintain so that it may go to the center between the to-be-welded plates W and W. FIG.

  In this case, the copying mechanism 20 fixes the pin 24 that connects one ends of the short links 22 and 22 to the center of the processing holder 53 (the center in the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the carriage 41). It is attached to the holder 53 for use.

  In the copying apparatus 50, when forming the groove Wb between the welded plates W, W, first, two cutting torches 42, 42 are mounted on the processing holder 53 mounted on the carriage 41, and these The cutting torches 42 and 42 are both set so as to go to the center between the welded plates W and W facing each other, and the copying mechanism 20 is attached to the processing holder 53.

  Next, the pair of contact bodies 11, 11 of the copying mechanism 20 are brought into contact with the opposing ends Wa, Wa of the welded plates W, W while resisting the force in the separating direction applied from the coil springs 14, 14. After that, when the carriage 41 is run, even if there is a change in width or a slight difference between the opposed ends Wa, Wa of the welded plates W, W, the copying mechanism 20 causes the two cutting torches 42, Since the distance between each of the opposing ends Wa and Wa of 42 is maintained, the chamfering of the groove portion and the grinding of the groove surface are favorably performed.

  For example, if the cutting torch or grinder-equipped carriage 41 and the semi-automatic welding carriage 1 are sequentially run, formation of the narrow groove Wb and butt welding can be performed at once.

In the real施例described above has exemplified the case of using a metallic coil spring 14 as a separating force applying means is not limited thereto, it can be used a material such as elastic rubber or magnetic is there.

For example, instead of the coil spring 14, when a magnet is used as the separation force applying means, the pair of contact bodies 11, 11 are opposed to each other on the opposite ends Wa, W of the welded plates W, W by the mutual repulsive force of the pair of magnets. Contact with Wa.
Further, the pair of contact bodies 11 and 11 may be formed of magnets, and the pair of contact bodies 11 and 11 may have a function of a separation force applying means. When made of a material, the pair of contact bodies 11, 11 are brought into contact with the respective opposite ends Wa, Wa of the welded plate W by attractive force, while the welded plate W is made of a nonmagnetic material such as stainless steel. In this case, the pair of contact bodies 11 are brought into contact with the opposite ends Wa of the welded plate W by mutual repulsion.
The configuration of the copying apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment.

1,1A Semi-automatic welding cart (cart)
2 Welding torch (welding tool)
10, 10A, 50 Copying device 11 Pair of contact bodies 13 Block (tool holder)
14 Metal coil spring (separation force applying means)
20 Copying mechanism 21 Long link 22 Short link 30 Movement permissible mechanism
31 cylinder (movement allowance mechanism)
32 Slide shaft (Moveable mechanism)
33 Threaded part (Moveable mechanism)
34 Adjustment knob (movement allowance mechanism)
35 Compression coil spring (Moveable mechanism)
41 bogie 42 cutting torch (welding tool)
53 Processing Holder (Tool Holder)
L Groove center line T Same line W Welded plate (Welded part)
W 'welded portion Wa opposite end of welded plate Wa' opposite end of welded portion Wb groove Wb 'groove groove

Claims (2)

A copying apparatus for directing a welding tool on a carriage moving between welded parts facing each other toward a center line between the welded parts,
A tool holder connected to the carriage for holding the welding tool;
A pair of contact bodies in contact with the opposing ends of the welded parts facing each other;
The pair of contact bodies are attached to the tool holder and support the pair of contact bodies in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the carriage with the tool holder as a center, and the pair of contact bodies approach and separate from each other. A copying mechanism that maintains a vertical positional relationship of the tool holder with respect to the pair of contact bodies at a time point;
Separation force applying means for applying a force in a direction away from each other to the pair of contact bodies, and maintaining a contact state between the pair of contact bodies and each facing end of the welded portion ;
A movement allowing mechanism that is located between the carriage and the tool holder and allows the copying mechanism to move in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the carriage ;
The movement allowing mechanism includes a cylindrical body fixed to the carriage along a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction thereof, and a sliding body that is slidably inserted into the cylindrical body and having one end connected to the tool holder and the cylinder. A slide shaft having a thread portion formed on the other end protruding from the body, an adjustment knob screwed into the screw portion of the slide shaft, and the cylinder body and the adjustment knob on the other end side of the slide shaft. A copying apparatus comprising a compression coil spring fitted between the two . The copying mechanism is a pantograph mechanism having two long links and two short links, and one end portions of the long links are rotatably connected to each other, and one end portions of the short links are connected to each other. The tool holders are pivotally connected to each other, the pair of contact bodies are pivotally connected to the other end portions of the long links, and the centers between the end portions of the long links are The other end portions of the short links are rotatably connected to each other, the connection point between the one end portions of the short links and the tool holder, and the other end portions of the long links and the pair of contact bodies The copying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the connection points are always located on the same line.

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