JP5619704B2 - Friction stir welding equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction stir welding apparatus that performs friction stir welding on a workpiece.

  Friction stir welding is known as one method for joining workpieces made of two members. Friction stir welding is a method in which frictional heat is generated on the surface of a workpiece by rotating the tool at a position called a shoulder surface of the tool with a predetermined pressure while rotating the tool at a workpiece joint. The work is softened and joined.

  In such friction stir welding, it is necessary to arrange the tool at an appropriate position in the height direction with respect to the workpiece. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a friction stir welding apparatus including a sensor that projects a light beam onto an upper surface of a member (member to be joined) and optically detects the height position of the member. In such a friction stir welding apparatus of Patent Document 1, a tool can be arranged at an appropriate position where a burr of a member can be removed by detecting the height position of the member with a sensor.

  By the way, in friction stir welding, a step is formed on the upper surface of the abutting portion between the members to be joined, which are workpieces, due to deformation of the workpiece during molding or thermal deformation during friction stir welding. Sometimes. When friction stir welding is performed in a state in which such a mistake occurs, there is a possibility that poor bonding such as a tunnel-like cavity or a groove may occur in the joint. Since such a joint failure causes a decrease in strength of the joint portion, it is necessary to perform the joining while suppressing the misunderstanding. In order to reliably suppress the misunderstanding, first, the amount of misunderstanding is detected accurately. It is necessary to press the member to be bonded according to the detection result to prevent the occurrence of bonding failure.

JP 2000-343244 A

  However, in the friction stir welding apparatus as in Patent Document 1, although the height of the member can be detected, it is not possible to detect a mistake. For this reason, it was not possible to prevent a bonding failure caused by a mistake.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a friction stir welding apparatus capable of preventing the occurrence of poor bonding even if the members to be joined are misplaced. .

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the friction stir welding apparatus according to the present invention is a friction stir welding apparatus that joins the members to be joined constituting the workpiece, the tool holding unit holding a tool for joining the members to be joined, Between the pressing means provided in front of the joining direction of the tool held by the tool holding part and pressing the surface of the joining portion of the member to be joined, and the pressing means and the tool held by the tool holding part A press for controlling the pressing force of the pressing means according to the amount of misalignment between the members to be joined detected by the misdetection means. And further comprising a control means, wherein the misdetection means does not change the pressing force of the pressing means without performing output to the pressing control means when the misalignment amount is smaller than an upper limit value. Before value If tongue and groove volume is large, characterized by having a tongue and groove determination unit for imparting the pressing force performing output to the pressing control unit to the bonded members.

  In such a friction stir welding apparatus, when joining members to each other, a misalignment at the joining location between the members to be joined is detected by the misdiagnosis detecting means in front of the tools held in the tool holding portion in the joining direction. The For this reason, based on the detected misunderstanding, it is possible to press with an appropriate pressing force by the pressing means, thereby eliminating the detected misunderstanding and between the members to be joined by the tool in a state where there is no misunderstanding. Friction stir welding can be performed.

In addition, with such a pressing control means, the pressing force of the pressing means can be automatically adjusted to an appropriate magnitude according to the detected misalignment amount, with an appropriate pressing force that can eliminate the misunderstanding. The members to be joined can be joined while being pressed. In this way, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of bonding failure in the bonded portion and improve the strength of the bonded portion.

  Further, the misdetection means includes a light emitting unit that irradiates detection light on the surface of the joint portion, a light receiving unit that receives the detection light reflected on the surface of the joint portion, and the detection target from the received detection light. You may have a mistake detection part which detects the mistake of joining members.

  In such a misdetection means, the light emitting part and the light receiving part are arranged above the member to be joined, and the light receiving part receives the detection light reflected by the surface of the joint after being irradiated by the light emitting part. At this time, the condensing position of the reflected detection light differs depending on the position in the height direction of the member to be joined, so the position in the height direction of each member to be joined can be detected according to the difference in the condensing position. The difference between the members to be joined can be detected from the difference in displacement in the height direction.

  Further, the misdetection means includes a pair of contact terminal portions disposed corresponding to each of the joining members above the surface of the joining portion, and a power supply portion that supplies electricity to the contact terminal portion, You may have a misdetection part which detects electricity supply when each of the said contact terminal part contacts the said to-be-joined member, and detects the misunderstanding of the said to-be-joined members.

  In such a misdetection means, when each member to be joined rises in the height direction, the contact terminal portion and the member to be joined come into contact with each other. At this time, the contact terminal portion and the member to be joined are energized by electricity from the power source portion. By detecting this energized state by the misdetection unit, it can be confirmed that the member to be joined has been displaced in the height direction, and it is possible to detect the misunderstanding from the difference in displacement in the height direction.

  Further, the mis-detection means may include an imaging unit that captures the joint location, and a mis-detection unit that detects a misunderstanding between the members to be joined from an image captured by the imaging unit. Good.

  In such a mis-detection means, the mis-detection unit visually discriminates the difference in the position in the height direction between the members to be joined from the photographed image, and this difference is determined as a misunderstanding. Thus, it is possible to detect a misunderstanding.

  Moreover, you may further provide the height detection means which detects the height of the said to-be-joined member between the said press means and the tool hold | maintained at the said tool holding part.

  Even if the position in the height direction of the member to be joined rises as a whole without causing any misunderstanding by such height detection means, this height is detected and used as the pressing force of the pressing means. Reflecting, it becomes possible to join the members to be joined while pressing with an optimal pressing force. In this way, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of bonding failure in the bonded portion and improve the strength of the bonded portion.

  According to the friction stir welding apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to perform joining between members to be joined while applying an optimum pressing force by acquiring misinformation and reflecting it in the pressing force of the pressing means. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of poor bonding.

It is a side view showing the whole friction stir welding apparatus composition concerning a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the press means of the friction stir welding apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention from upper direction, Comprising: The arrow A of FIG. 1 is shown. It is the figure which looked at the auxiliary | assistant pressing means of the friction stir welding apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention from the joining direction, Comprising: The arrow B of FIG. 1 is shown. It is a perspective view which shows the detection light irradiation state of the misdetection means of the friction stir welding apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of a mistake detection means and a press control means of the friction stir welding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the installation state of a contact terminal part in the misdetection means of the friction stir welding apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the mis-detection means and the press control means of the friction stir welding apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the installation state of a camera and a light in the misdetection means of the friction stir welding apparatus which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state of a mistake taken by a camera in a mistake detection unit of the friction stir welding apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and shows a main part A of FIG. 8. It is a block diagram of a mistake detection means and a press control means of a friction stir welding apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the friction stir welding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The friction stir welding apparatus 1 is an apparatus that joins the workpiece W by friction stir welding. In the following, in a workpiece W composed of a pair of members to be joined W1 having a plate shape, the joining end surfaces of the members to be joined W1 are butted together, and the pair of members to be joined W1 are placed on the backing 19, and friction is applied from above. An example of joining by the stir welding apparatus 1 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the friction stir welding apparatus 1 includes a tool holding unit 12 that holds a tool 11 for performing bonding, a pressing unit 13 that presses a member W <b> 1, an auxiliary pressing unit 14, and a pressing unit 13. A first cooling means 15 for cooling and a second cooling means 16 for cooling the joint portion are provided.
Further, the friction stir welding apparatus 1 includes a mis-detection unit 17 that detects misunderstandings between the members W1 to be joined, and a press control unit 18 that controls the pressing force of the pressing unit 13 based on the detection result of the mis-detection unit 17. And.

  In the following, the direction in which the joining proceeds is referred to as a joining direction, the direction along the surface of the workpiece W orthogonal to the joining direction is referred to as an orthogonal direction, and the direction in which the tool 11 is inserted is referred to as a height direction.

The tool 11 includes a shoulder portion 20 and a pin 21 that are formed around the axis P and are integrated with each other.
The shoulder portion 20 has a columnar shape centered on the axis P, and the lower end surface of the shoulder portion 20 is a shoulder surface 20a that is disposed on the surface side of the workpiece W and presses the surface.
The pin 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape whose outer shape is smaller than the shoulder and protrudes downward in the height direction from the center of the shoulder surface 20a, and is inserted into the workpiece W during friction stir welding.

  The tool holding portion 12 has a columnar shape centered on the axis P, and holds the tool 11 so that the shoulder portion 20 is sandwiched from the radially outer side of the axis P at the upper end portion of the tool 11.

  Further, the upper end portion of the tool holding portion 12 is fixed to the lower end portion of the processing machine body 10, and the tool holding portion 12 and the tool 11 are moved in the height direction, the joining direction, and the movement direction of the processing machine body 10. It is possible to move in the orthogonal direction. Further, the tool holder 12 and the tool 11 are rotatable about the axis P as the main spindle (not shown) in the processing machine body 10 rotates.

The pressing means 13 is provided in front of the tool 11 held in the tool holding unit 12 in the joining direction, and presses a joining location where the members to be joined W1 are joined.
The pressing unit 13 includes a pressing unit main body 29 attached to the processing machine main body 10, a load applying unit 30 disposed in the pressing unit main body 29, and a support unit 32 connected to the lower end of the load applying unit 30. And a first roller 33 and a second roller 34 provided at the ends of the support portion 32 before and after the joining direction.

  The pressing means main body 29 is a member connected to the front side in the joining direction of the processing machine main body 10, and a load applying portion 30 for applying a load to the bonded member W1 is disposed therein. Further, a part of the load applying portion 30 protrudes from the lower side of the pressing means main body 29 in the height direction.

  The load applying unit 30 is disposed in the pressing unit main body 29, a spring member 35 accommodated in the pressing unit main body 29, a motor 36 that can adjust the amount of pressing of the spring member 35, and a lower end of the spring member 35. And a connecting portion 31 connected to the.

  The connecting portion 31 is a member extending in the height direction, and the upper end portion is connected to the spring member 35 and is movable in the height direction by the motor 36. Further, the connecting portion 31 protrudes downward in the height direction from the pressing means main body 29, and a support portion rotating shaft 37 having an extending direction in the orthogonal direction is provided at the lower end portion. It is connected to the support portion 32 via the via.

  The support portion 32 is a member having a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is provided to extend symmetrically in the front-rear direction of the joining direction with the connecting portion 31 of the load applying portion 30 interposed therebetween. The support portion 32 is connected to the connecting portion 31 by the support portion rotation shaft 37 at the center portion in the joining direction, and is rotatable about the support portion rotation shaft 37.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first roller 33 is provided at a position adjacent to the tool 11 at the end on the rear side in the joining direction of the support portion 32, and the first roller rotating shaft 38 having the orthogonal direction as the extending direction. And a roller member that is rotatable about the first roller rotation shaft 38 by a bearing (not shown). The first roller 33 protrudes outward in the radial direction of the first roller rotating shaft 38 along the extending direction of the first roller rotating shaft 38 which is the orthogonal direction, and is most at the center in the extending direction. The crown roll has a larger outer diameter.

  The second roller 34 is provided at the end on the front side in the joining direction of the support portion 32, which is the end on the opposite side of the joining direction with respect to the first roller 33, with the load applying portion 30 interposed therebetween. The shaft 39 and a bearing (not shown) are rotatable about the second roller rotation shaft 39, and like the first roller 33, the crown roll has the largest outer diameter at the center in the extending direction.

  Further, the first roller 33 and the second roller 34 are disposed so as to contact the surface of the member W1 to be joined, and the connecting portion 31 and the support portion 32 by the motor 36 and the spring member 35 of the load applying portion 30. It is possible to change the pressing force to the member W1 to be joined.

Next, the auxiliary pressing means 14 is provided behind the tool 11 in the joining direction, and presses the joining location.
The auxiliary pressing means 14 includes an auxiliary pressing means main body 40 connected to the processing machine main body 10, a support portion 41 that protrudes downward in the height direction from the auxiliary pressing means main body 40, and a lower end portion of the support portion 41. And an auxiliary roller 42.

  The auxiliary pressing means main body 40 is a member connected to the rear side in the joining direction in the processing machine main body 10.

  The support portion 41 is a member that protrudes downward in the height direction of the auxiliary pressing means main body 40 and extends in the height direction, and an auxiliary roller rotating shaft that extends in the orthogonal direction at the lower end portion thereof. 43 is provided, and is connected to the auxiliary roller 42 via the auxiliary roller rotating shaft 43.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the auxiliary roller 42 is a roller member that is rotatably connected to the lower end portion of the support portion 41 around the auxiliary roller rotation shaft 43 by an auxiliary roller rotation shaft 43 and a bearing (not shown). The contact member W1 is disposed so as to contact the surface. The auxiliary roller 42 has a cut indented from the radially outer side to the inner side along the extending direction of the auxiliary roller rotating shaft 43 in the vicinity of the central portion in the extending direction of the auxiliary roller rotating shaft 43 that is orthogonal. The notch portion 44 is provided, that is, has a cross-sectional H shape so as not to step on the joining portion.

  The first cooling means 15 has a spout 45 provided between the tool holding portion 12 and the pressing means main body 29 and protruding from the lower surface of the processing machine main body 10. The tip of the jet outlet 45 is directed to the first roller rotating shaft 38 and the second roller rotating shaft 39 and the respective bearings, and the cooling air WA fed from the cooling means main body (not shown) The rotary shaft 38, the second roller rotary shaft 39, and each of the bearings are disposed so as to be ejected.

  Similarly, the second cooling means 16 has a spout 46 disposed between the tool holding portion 12 and the auxiliary pressing means main body 40 so as to protrude from the lower surface of the processing machine main body 10. And the front-end | tip of this jet nozzle 46 is arrange | positioned so that the cooling air WA sent from the cooling means main body which is not shown in figure to the joining location of the surface of the to-be-joined member W1 in the joining direction back with respect to the tool 11 can be ejected. ing.

Next, the misdetection means 17 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
The misdetection means 17 is disposed on the lower surface of the processing machine main body 10 at a position sandwiched between the first cooling means 15 and the tool holding part 12 along the joining direction, and the light emitting part 50, the light receiving part 51, It has a difference detection unit 52.

  The light emitting unit 50 irradiates the surface of the member W1 to be joined at a position between the tool 11 and the first roller 33 with the detection light WL. And this detection light WL is irradiated to the surface of each to-be-joined member W1 on both sides of a joining location.

  The light receiving unit 51 receives the reflected detection light WL after the detection light WL from the light emitting unit 50 is reflected by the surface of the bonded member W1.

The misdetection unit 52 is a device that performs data processing on the detection light WL received by the light receiving unit 51 and outputs this data to the pressing control means 18.
In addition, the misdetection unit 52 includes a displacement amount measurement processing unit 60, a misunderstanding determination unit 62, and a reference value input unit 61.

  The displacement amount measurement processing unit 60 measures the position in the height direction of the surface of each member W1 to be joined by recognizing the condensing position of the detection light WL received by the light receiving unit 51. Then, the difference in the height direction position of the surfaces of the members to be joined W1 is output to the misjudgment determination unit 62 as miscellaneous amount data. The position in the height direction of the surface is defined as the height from the time when the member to be joined W1 is in contact with the backing 19, and thereby, each of the members to be joined W1 is changed from the reference by deformation. Represents the amount lifted.

  The reference value input unit 61 is for inputting an upper limit value of the difference amount. This upper limit value is a value that can avoid a decrease in strength due to poor bonding when the members to be bonded W1 are bonded to each other, and is generally about 0.5 mm. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is 0.5 mm.

  The misinterpretation determination unit 62 receives the data of the misalignment amount output from the displacement amount measurement processing unit 60, compares this data with the upper limit value of the misinterpretation amount input in the reference value input unit 61, and Judgment of the value of. Then, after the determination is made, the difference amount data is output to the press control means 18.

  Next, the pressing control means 18 is a control device that operates in conjunction with a motor 36 that pushes in a spring member 35 provided in the pressing means main body 29, and includes a pressing force determination unit 65 and a reference value storage unit 66. ing.

  The reference value storage unit 66 stores the data of the pressing force by the pressing means 13 in the normal state (a state in which there is no difference) that becomes the reference value, and the pressing force and the bonded member that are data corresponding to the material characteristics of the bonded member W1. Function data representing the relationship with the displacement amount of W1 is stored. That is, data capable of calculating the pressing force necessary to set the misalignment amount to 0 mm is stored.

  The pressing force determining unit 65 confirms the output data of the misalignment amount from the misdetection detecting unit 17, and determines the necessary pressing force by the pressing unit 13 from the output data of the misalignment amount based on the data of the reference value storage unit 66. The data is determined and data is output to the pressing means 13.

  In such a friction stir welding apparatus 1, the tool 11 is pressed against the joining location between the members to be joined W1 and moves forward in the joining direction while rotating. At this time, the members W1 to be joined are joined together while the joining portion surfaces in the joining direction are pressed by the pressing means 13. Therefore, it is possible to perform bonding while suppressing misunderstandings between the members to be bonded W1.

  Further, when joining, the misalignment amount of the member W1 to be joined is detected by the misdetection detecting means 17, and the detection result is input to the pressing control means 18, whereby the motor 36 inside the pressing means main body 29 is driven. Then, the spring member 35 is pushed or pulled. As a result, the pressing force of the first roller 33 and the second roller 34 is adjusted via the connecting portion 31 and the support portion 32, and the bonded member W1 is excessively moved by the pressing force according to the misalignment amount of the bonded member W1. It can join in the state pressed so that to-be-joined member W1 might be pressed against backing 19, without pressing. Therefore, it is possible to perform the bonding while avoiding the occurrence of defective bonding, leading to an improvement in strength.

  Here, the misdetection means 17 first irradiates the surface of each member W1 to be joined at a position sandwiched between the tool 11 and the first roller 33 in the upper front in the joining direction, and detects the reflected light. The light receiving unit 51 receives the light WL. The detection light WL received in this way has a condensing position that varies depending on the position in the height direction of the surface of each of the bonded members W1. Accordingly, the displacement measurement processing unit 60 can calculate the amount of lifting from the backing 19 of each member W1 to be joined using the principle of the triangulation method from this condensing position. Can be determined.

  Then, the misinterpretation amount between the to-be-joined members W1 determined in this way is output to the misinterpretation determination unit 62. The difference determination unit 62 compares the difference amount with the upper limit value (0.5 mm in the present embodiment) input to the reference value input unit 61, and the displacement amount measurement processing unit 60 makes a comparison with the upper limit value. When the input value is small, output to the pressing control means 18 is not performed, and the pressing force of the pressing means 13 is not changed.

  On the other hand, when the input value from the displacement amount measurement processing unit 60 is larger than the upper limit value of the misalignment amount of the reference value input unit 61, the output to the pressing control means 18 is performed and determined by the pressing force determination unit 65. The pressing means 13 is instructed to apply the pressing force to the surface of the bonded member W1. And it can join to-be-welded members, making the amount of misunderstandings below an upper limit.

  Furthermore, since the support part 32 is connected to the connecting part 31 so as to be rotatable by a support part rotating shaft 37, it is possible to follow the unevenness of the surface of the member W1 to be joined, and the surface of the member W1 to be joined more reliably. Can be pressed.

  Further, since the first roller 33 and the second roller 34 of the pressing means 13 are crown rolls, even when the surface of the member W1 is inclined in the orthogonal direction, the shoulder contacts the surface of the member W1. Therefore, the surface of the member to be joined W1 can be pressed without damaging it and can be reliably joined.

  In addition, since the auxiliary roller 42 of the auxiliary pressing means 14 has an H-shaped cross section, the member to be bonded W1 is pressed without stepping on the already joined portion, and the member to be bonded W1 is lifted even in the rear in the bonding direction. Can be prevented, leading to further quality improvement of the joint.

  The first cooling means 15 can prevent the bearings of the first roller 33 and the second roller 34 from being damaged by heat at the time of joining, and the press means 13 can be more reliably suppressed by further improving the durability. It is possible to perform the joining while.

  Furthermore, the second cooling means 16 can quickly cool the joined portion after joining.

  In the friction stir welding apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the difference between the members W1 to be bonded can be reflected in the pressing force of the pressing means 13 by the difference detection means 17 and the pressure control means 18, and the difference is suppressed. It becomes possible to perform joining. In this way, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of defective bonding and achieve improved bonding strength.

  Further, the support portion 32 is rotatably supported by the support portion rotating shaft 37 with respect to the connecting portion 31, the first roller 33 and the second roller 34 are crown rolls, and the auxiliary pressing means 14. By adopting, the pressed member W1 can be more reliably pressed, and the bonding strength can be further improved.

  Further, the first cooling means 15 and the second cooling means 16 can remove heat from the pressing means 13 and the joining portion, and the joining portion can be quickly cooled after joining while reliably pressing the member W1. Thus, it is possible to further improve the bonding strength.

  In addition, the misdetection means 17 of this embodiment can measure the lift amount from the backing 19 about each to-be-joined member W1. Therefore, not only the amount of misalignment between the members to be joined W1 but also the information on the amount of lift can be obtained not only when the members to be joined W1 are lifted up without causing any misunderstandings. Then, the pressing force of the pressing means 13 is increased through the pressing control means 18, and the bonding can be reliably performed in a state where the lifting is suppressed, and the strength can be improved by preventing the occurrence of defective bonding.

  In this embodiment, the misdetection means 17 using the triangulation method is employed. However, for example, another type of optical displacement meter may be used. Examples of such an optical displacement meter include a confocal type and a spectral interference type.

  Further, the misdetection means 17 is not necessarily provided at the installation position in the present embodiment, and may be a position where the detection light WL can be irradiated and received.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a difference in position between the tool 11 and the first roller 33 is detected, and the pressing force required by the pressing unit 13 is determined based on the detection result. However, for example, the misunderstanding may be detected at a position further forward in the joining direction than the second roller 34, and when the joining proceeds and the pressing means 13 reaches the position where the misunderstanding is detected, You may control to change the pressing force of the press means 13 based on a detection result.

Next, with reference to FIG.6 and FIG.7, the friction stir welding apparatus 1 which concerns on 2nd embodiment is demonstrated.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the mistake detection means 17 is a mistake detection means 70.

  The misdetection means 70 is disposed at a position sandwiched between the first cooling means 15 and the tool holding portion 12 on the lower surface of the processing machine body 10, and includes a contact terminal portion 71, a power supply portion 72, and a misdetection detection portion 73. And have.

  The contact terminal portion 71 is a metal terminal that is disposed at the upper part in the height direction of each of the members to be bonded W1 at the bonding portion. In this embodiment, the contacted member W1 is in contact with the backing 19 as a reference. It is installed so that the lower end is arranged 0.5 mm above the surface of the member W1 to be joined.

  The power supply unit 72 is connected to the contact terminal unit 71 and supplies power to the contact terminal unit 71.

  The misdetection unit 73 outputs to the pressing control means 18 when the contact terminal portion 71 and the member to be joined W1 are in contact with each other and energized.

  According to the friction stir welding apparatus 1 as described above, when each of the members to be joined W1 is lifted upward when the pressing means 13 presses the member to be joined W1 (in this embodiment, from the state in contact with the backing 19). When the lift amount is 0.5 mm), the contact terminal portion 71 and the member to be joined W1 come into contact with each other and are energized.

  The energization detection unit 73 detects this energization. The misdetection unit 73 has, for example, a switching element that can be switched ON / OFF, and is turned on when energized to output to the press control unit 18 and when not energized. It is set so that it is turned OFF and no output to the press control means 18 is performed.

  In addition, when the contact terminal portion 71 and the member to be joined W1 are energized, the pressing means 13 so as to add a pressing force stored in advance in the reference value storage unit 66 of the pressing control means 18 to the member to be joined W1. The motor 36 is driven. The preset pressing force refers to a pressing force that presses the member W1 to be joined from the installation position of the contact terminal portion 71, that is, a position in the height direction of 0.5 mm to 0 mm (position that contacts the backing 19). Pressure.

  In this way, the members to be joined W1 are joined together while the front surface of the joining portion in the joining direction is pressed by the pressing means 13. Therefore, it is possible to perform the joining while suppressing the misunderstanding between the members to be joined W1.

  In the friction stir welding apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the difference between the members W1 to be joined can be reflected in the pressing force of the pressing means 13 by the difference detection means 70 and the pressing control means 18, and the difference is suppressed. It becomes possible to perform joining. In this way, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of defective bonding and achieve improved bonding strength.

  Further, not only the amount of misconnection between the members to be joined W1 but also the state in which the member to be joined W1 comes into contact with the contact terminal portion 71, that is, the height, even when the member to be joined W1 is lifted up without causing any misunderstanding. If lifted up to 0.5 mm in the direction, the pressing force of the pressing means 13 can be increased through the pressing control means 18, and the bonding can be reliably performed in a state where the lifting is suppressed, and further strength improvement is achieved by preventing the occurrence of defective bonding. It becomes possible to plan.

  In this embodiment, the mis-detection and lifting are detected using the mis-detection means 70, but these may be detected using other electrical sensors. For example, a differential transformer type contact displacement meter can be used.

Next, the friction stir welding apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment and the second embodiment in that a mistake detection unit 80 is used instead of the mistake detection unit 17 or the mistake detection unit 70.

The misinterpretation means 80 includes a camera (imaging unit) 81 that captures the joint location, a light 82 that irradiates the capture location, and a misdetection portion 83 that detects misunderstanding between the members W1 to be joined from the captured image. have.
The camera 81 captures a joint portion between the members W1 to be joined, and is separated from the joint portion in a direction other than directly above the height direction with respect to the joint portion so that a misplaced portion can be photographed. In the position.

  The light 82 is provided so that the shadow of the misplaced portion becomes clear when the joint portion is photographed by the camera 81.

Next, the misdetection unit 83 will be described.
The difference detection unit 83 includes an image acquisition unit 90, a binarization processing unit 91, a difference extraction unit 92, a difference determination unit 93, and a reference value input unit 94.

  The image acquisition unit 90 takes in the image of the joint portion taken by the camera 81 and outputs this image data to the binarization processing unit 91.

  The binarization processing unit 91 performs binarization processing on the image data from the image acquisition unit 90. Here, since the surface of the member W1 to be joined and the end face exposed due to the difference in direction are different in the reflection state, there is a difference in brightness in the image data. Therefore, by performing binarization processing, it becomes possible to discriminate between the wrong part and the other part from the image data based on the contrast. The binarization processing unit 91 outputs the binarized image to the misinterpretation extraction unit 92.

  The misinterpretation extraction unit 92 extracts a region corresponding to the misinterpretation portion displayed in the binarized image input from the binarization processing unit 91 as the misinterpretation portion, and calculates the misinterpretation portion from the number of pixels of the region. Find the size. Then, the mistake extraction unit 92 outputs the obtained difference magnitude to the mistake determination unit 93.

  The reference value input unit 94 is for inputting an upper limit value of the difference amount. This upper limit value is a value that can avoid a decrease in strength due to poor bonding when the members to be bonded W1 are bonded to each other, and is set to 0.5 mm in the present embodiment.

  The difference determination unit 93 receives the input value from the difference extraction unit 92, compares it with the upper limit value of the reference value input unit 94, and determines the magnitude of these values. Then, after the determination is made, the difference amount data is output to the pressing control means 18.

  According to such a friction stir welding apparatus 1, the camera 81 takes a picture of the joining portion between the members to be joined W <b> 1. Then, an output is made to the misdetection detection unit 83.

  In the misdetection unit 83, the image acquisition unit 90 acquires an image from the camera 81 as shown in FIG. 9 as image data and outputs it to the binarization processing unit 91. Then, this image data is separated in the binarization processing unit 91 so as to be discriminated into a misplaced portion and other portions. Specifically, when there is a difference between the members W1 to be joined, the portion of the difference is displayed dark (black) on the image, and the portion other than the difference is displayed bright (white). The Therefore, binarization is performed on this light and dark, and for example, by setting the dark part to “0” and the bright part to “1”, it is possible to completely separate the misplaced part from other parts. Become.

  Thereafter, the image data binarized by the binarization processing unit 91 is output to the misinterpretation extraction unit 92. The misinterpretation extraction unit 92 extracts the misinterpretation amount from the portion that is darkly displayed as “0” as described above.

  Further, the data of the amount of mistake extracted by the mistake extraction unit 92 is output to the mistake determination unit 93, and the difference determination unit 93 outputs an upper limit value of the difference amount input to the reference value input unit 94 ( In this embodiment, if the input value from the misinterpretation extracting unit 92 is smaller than the upper limit value, the output to the pressing control means 18 is not performed, and the pressing of the pressing means 13 is not performed. Do not change the pressure.

  On the other hand, when the input value from the mistake extraction unit 92 is larger than the upper limit value of the difference amount of the reference value input unit 94, the output to the pressing control unit 18 is performed and the pressing force of the pressing unit 13 is increased. The members to be welded are joined to each other while making the difference amount equal to or less than the upper limit value. In this way, the pressing means 13 can suppress the misunderstanding of the members to be joined W1 and perform the joining.

  In the friction stir welding apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the difference between the members W1 to be bonded can be reflected in the pressing force of the pressing means 13 by the difference detection means 80 and the pressing control means 18. Therefore, it is possible to perform bonding while suppressing misunderstandings, and it is possible to achieve an increase in bonding strength by suppressing the occurrence of defective bonding.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, but some design changes can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.
For example, the first roller 33 and the second roller 34 may not be crown rolls.

  The spring member 35 provided in the pressing means main body 29 may be an actuator or the like that is operated by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure. When a pneumatic actuator is employed, the compressed air that is the working fluid can be used, for example, factory air that is regularly used in factory equipment, leading to cost reduction.

  Further, the first cooling means 15 and the second cooling means 16 are not necessarily installed, and the first roller rotating shaft 38, the second roller rotating shaft 39, the auxiliary roller rotating shaft 43, and their bearings can be cooled. For example, the installation position is not limited. The refrigerant is not limited to the cooling air WA. And the 1st cooling means 15 does not necessarily need to cool both the 1st roller rotating shaft 38 and the 2nd roller rotating shaft 39, but only the 1st roller rotating shaft 38 which is more susceptible to the heat from a joining location. You may arrange | position so that it may cool.

  Moreover, it is not necessary to install about the auxiliary | assistant press means 14, and it leads to a cost reduction in this case.

  Furthermore, in the pressing means 13, the to-be-joined member W1 was pressed by the two contact portions of the first roller 33 and the second roller 34, but may be pressed by, for example, one contact portion.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the control of the pressing force in the press means 13 is performed according to the difference amount and lifting amount of the to-be-joined member W1, for example, pressing means according to the raising amount of the to-be-joined member W1 When the position in the height direction of 13 is displaced, the pressing force in the pressing means 13 may be adjusted according to the amount of displacement.

  In addition to the above-mentioned misdetection detection means 17, 70, 80, various other methods can be used as misdetection and lifting detection means. For example, the ultrasonic sensor etc. which detect the height direction position of the to-be-joined member W1 by receiving a reflected wave after transmitting an ultrasonic wave, and measuring the time from transmission to reception are mentioned.

  Furthermore, the present invention may be applied when performing bonding using a bobbin tool, and can also be applied to a spot FSW that uses friction stir welding for spot welding.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Friction stir welding apparatus, 10 ... Processing machine main body, 11 ... Tool, 12 ... Tool holding part, 13 ... Pressing means, 14 ... Auxiliary pressing means, 15 ... First cooling means, 16 ... Second cooling means, 17 ... Mistake detection means 18 ... Pressing control means 19 ... Backing 20 ... Shoulder portion 20a ... Shoulder surface 21 ... Pin 29 ... Pressing means body 30 ... Load applying portion 31 ... Connecting portion 32 ... Support , 33 ... first roller, 34 ... second roller, 35 ... spring member, 36 ... motor, 37 ... support portion rotating shaft, 38 ... first roller rotating shaft, 39 ... second roller rotating shaft, 40 ... auxiliary pressing Means body 41 ... support part 42 ... auxiliary roller 43 ... auxiliary roller rotating shaft 44 ... notch part 45 ... jet outlet 46 ... jet outlet 50 ... light emitting part 51 ... light receiving part 52 ... misplaced Detection unit, 60 ... displacement amount measurement processing unit, 61 ... reference value input , 62 ... Eye misjudgment determination unit, 65 ... Pressing force determination part, 66 ... Reference value storage part, 70 ... Eye mistaking detection means, 71 ... Contact terminal part, 72 ... Power supply part, 73 ... Eye mistaking detection part, 80 ... Eye Difference detection means, 81 ... camera (photographing unit), 82 ... light, 83 ... difference detection unit, 90 ... image acquisition unit, 91 ... binarization processing unit, 92 ... difference extraction unit, 93 ... difference determination unit 94, reference value input section, W, workpiece, W1, member to be joined, P, axis, WA, cooling air, WL, detection light.

Claims (5)

A friction stir welding apparatus for joining workpieces constituting a workpiece,
A tool holding unit for holding a tool for joining the members to be joined;
A pressing means that is provided in front of the joining direction by the tool held by the tool holding unit and presses the surface of the joining portion of the joined members;
A mis-detection means for detecting a misunderstanding of the members to be joined between the pressing means and the tool held by the tool holding portion ;
Further comprising a pressing control means for controlling the pressing force of the pressing means in accordance with the amount of misalignment between the joined members detected by the misdetection means;
The misdetection means does not change the pressing force of the pressing means without performing output to the pressing control means when the misalignment amount is smaller than the upper limit value, and the misunderstanding is larger than the upper limit value. A friction stir welding apparatus comprising: a misjudgment determining unit that outputs to the pressing control means and applies the pressing force to the bonded members when the amount is large . The misinterpretation means includes a light emitting unit that irradiates detection light onto the surface of the joint portion;
A light receiving portion for receiving the detection light reflected by the surface of the joint portion;
The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a misdetection unit configured to detect misunderstandings between the members to be joined from the received detection light. The misinterpretation means includes a pair of contact terminal portions arranged in correspondence with each of the members to be joined, above the surface of the joining portion,
A power supply unit for supplying electricity to the contact terminal unit;
The contact detection unit according to claim 1 , further comprising: a misdetection unit configured to detect energization when each of the contact terminal portions comes into contact with the members to be joined and detect a misunderstanding of the members to be joined. Friction stir welding device. The misinterpretation means includes a photographing unit that photographs the joint portion;
The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising: a misdetection unit that detects misunderstandings between the members to be joined from an image photographed by the photographing unit. To any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that further comprising a height detecting means for detecting the height of the workpieces between the tool held in the tool holder and the pressing means The friction stir welding apparatus described.

Images