JP5614045B2 - Electronic wind instrument - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic wind instrument that takes a form similar to a horizontal flute including a flute.

  Conventionally, an electronic wind instrument having a form similar to a saxophone or a clarinet has been proposed. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a musical instrument that can be used as an ordinary wind instrument or an electronic wind instrument. In the electronic wind instrument disclosed in Patent Document 1, an optical tongue sensor, a lip sensor that is a pressure-sensitive sensor, and a wind sensor (brace sensor) that detects a breath pressure are provided on a mouthpiece. The tongue sensor detects that the player's tongue is approaching. The lip sensor detects the pressure when the player's lips press the lead portion. The wind sensor detects the pressure of the breath (breath pressure) blown into the mouthpiece by the performer.

JP 2008-15551 A JP 2007-171477 A JP 2007-193100 A JP 2009-3077 A JP 2009-3112 A

  In a wind instrument having a horizontal flute shape, it is possible to emit musical tones with different pitches even if the patterns of the keys are the same. Several proposals have been made for the generation of musical tones with different pitches in electronic wind instruments. Patent Documents 2 and 3 propose an electronic wind instrument in which a mouthpiece is provided with a sensor on a lip plate having a member that comes into contact with the lower lip of the performer, and the contact pressure of the lower lip is detected by the sensor to change the pitch. Has been. Patent Documents 4 and 5 propose an electronic wind instrument that detects the movement of the player's lower jaw and changes the pitch.

  As described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, the contact pressure of the lower lip is detected by the sensor of the lip plate, and the player strongly presses the lower lip against a wind instrument such as a flute, This is an attempt to detect that one octave up of the pitch is performed by blowing on the upper side of the (inlet). However, the shape of the lips varies from person to person, and it is necessary to adjust the sensitivity of the sensor for each player. In actual performance, there is a problem that the player's body shakes and the hand with the instrument shakes, and it may be difficult to detect the contact pressure. Similarly, for the detection of the lower jaw motion proposed in Patent Documents 4 and 5, it is necessary to adjust the apparatus so as to match the shape of the lower jaw for each performer.

  The present invention has a form similar to a flute such as a flute, and can generate a musical tone with an appropriate pitch according to the specific performance form of the flute regardless of individual differences such as the lower lip of the performer. An object is to provide an electronic wind instrument.

The purpose of the present invention is to
A body extending in the longitudinal direction;
A mouthpiece provided at one end of the main body that is hollow, and a mouthpiece provided with a hole communicating with the hollow interior;
A plurality of performance operators provided on the main body and taking either an on state or an off state;
Sound signal acquisition means for acquiring a sound signal due to the breath blown from the hole, disposed inside the hollow of the main body,
A musical tone generating means for generating a musical tone having a predetermined pitch is specified with reference to the reference pitch of the musical tone to be generated based on the operation state of the plurality of performance operators, and the specified reference pitch is determined. Control means for giving instructions to sound a musical tone;
A frequency characteristic acquisition means for acquiring a frequency characteristic of the sound signal acquired by the sound signal acquisition means;
In the frequency characteristic, the control means has a first signal level in a predetermined first frequency band and a second signal level in a predetermined second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. When the ratio is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, an instruction is given to the musical tone generating means so as to generate a musical tone having a pitch higher than the reference pitch by a predetermined amount.

  In a preferred embodiment, the control means controls the volume of the musical sound according to the signal level of the sound signal acquired by the sound signal means.

  In a more preferred embodiment, the control means generates a third signal level based on the first signal level and the second signal level, and adjusts the volume according to the third signal level. Control.

  In another preferred embodiment, the control means determines a pitch based on the frequency characteristic when a reference pitch based on an operation state of the plurality of performance operators is within a predetermined range.

  According to the present invention, it has a form similar to a flute such as a flute, and can generate a musical tone with an appropriate pitch according to the specific performance form of the flute regardless of individual differences in the body such as the lower lip of the performer. It is possible to provide a possible electronic wind instrument.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an external appearance of an electronic wind instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the electronic wind instrument according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the head joint of the electronic wind instrument according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the electronic wind instrument according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of processing executed in the electronic wind instrument according to the present embodiment. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the switch processing according to the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating fingering of the flute and the piccolo. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating fingering of the flute and the piccolo. FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams showing the frequency characteristics of the sound signal due to the breath blown into the flute tube. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the frequency characteristic acquisition unit according to the present embodiment. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of sound generation processing according to the present embodiment. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the sound generation process according to the present embodiment. . FIG. 13A is a block diagram illustrating an example of a frequency characteristic acquisition unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13B is a diagram illustrating an example of a bandpass filter. FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a head joint of an electronic wind instrument according to the third embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an external appearance of an electronic wind instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic wind instrument 10 according to the present embodiment has a form similar to a flute, and includes a hollow head joint 11, a middle joint 12, and a foot joint 13. A lip plate or mouthpiece (singer) 14 is provided at the center of the head joint 11. In the present specification, this is referred to as a “mouthpiece”. The mouthpiece 14 is provided with a hole 16 penetrating through a hollow interior. A microphone 34 (not shown in FIG. 1) is disposed inside the head joint 11 communicating with the hole 16.

  The performer can bring the lips into contact with the mouthpiece 14 and blow into the inside through the hole 16. The middle joint 12 and the foot joint 13 are provided with a plurality of key switch sections 24, and the performer uses the right hand and the left hand to configure the key switches constituting the key switch section 24 (see, for example, reference numerals 31 and 32). Each can be turned on and off.

  The flute of an acoustic musical instrument actually adjusts the pitch of the musical sound generated by closing or opening a hole provided in the middle joint or foot joint by turning the key on and off. In the electronic wind instrument 10 according to the present embodiment, a key switch pattern that is an on / off state pattern of a key switch is detected, and a pitch is determined by the CPU 21 based on the key switch pattern. Musical tone data is generated in the sound source unit 27. Therefore, the key switch only needs to be able to detect on / off.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the electronic wind instrument according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the electronic wind instrument 10 according to the present embodiment includes a CPU 21, a ROM 22, a RAM 23, a key switch unit 24, a frequency characteristic acquisition unit 25, and a sound system 26.

  The key switch unit 24 includes a key switch of the electronic wind instrument 10 (see, for example, reference numerals 31 and 32). The electronic wind instrument 10 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of key switches constituting the key switch unit 24, It also has other switches for timbre designation. As will be described later, based on the sound signal obtained by the microphone 34 and generated by breathing into the tube of the electronic wind instrument 10, the frequency characteristic of the sound signal is acquired.

  The CPU 21 controls the entire electronic wind instrument 10, detects the operation of key switches (see, for example, reference numerals 31 and 32) constituting the key switch unit 24 and other switches, and follows the acquired frequency characteristics and key switch operations. Various processes such as instructions for generating musical sound data are executed.

  The ROM 22 stores processing programs such as detection of operation of key switches and other switches constituting the key switch section 24, frequency characteristics, and instructions for generating musical sound data in accordance with key switch operations. The ROM 22 also has a waveform data area for storing waveform data for generating musical tone data of various timbres such as flute, piccolo, saxophone, clarinet. In the present embodiment, the waveform data area of the ROM 22 mainly stores the waveform data of timbres of wind instruments such as flutes, but is not limited to this, keyboard instruments such as piano, stringed instruments such as guitar, percussion instruments, etc. May be stored.

  The RAM 23 stores a program read from the ROM 22 and data generated in the course of processing. The data generated in the process includes the operation state (key switch pattern) of the key switch constituting the switch unit 34, the frequency characteristic data acquired by the frequency characteristic acquisition unit 25, and the sound generation indicating the sound generation state of the electronic wind instrument. Status etc. are included.

  The sound system 26 includes a sound source unit 27, an audio circuit 28, and a speaker 29. The sound source unit 27 reads out waveform data from the waveform data area of the ROM 22 in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 21, and generates and outputs musical sound data. The audio circuit 28 converts the musical sound data output from the sound source unit 27 into an analog signal, amplifies the converted analog signal, and outputs the amplified analog signal to the speaker 29. As a result, an acoustic signal is output from the speaker 29.

  The key switch unit 24 includes key switches (see, for example, reference numerals 31 and 32) disposed at the middle joint 12 and the foot joint 13 of the electronic wind instrument 10. Although not shown, the electronic wind instrument 10 according to the present embodiment includes other switches such as a tone color designation switch. A key switch pattern can be obtained according to each operation state (ON / OFF) of the key switch (for example, B ♭ key: ON, B key: OFF, C key: ON, etc.). In the sound generation process described later, the CPU 21 specifies a pitch to be sounded based on the key switch pattern and the frequency characteristic data, and instructs the sound source unit 27 of the sound system 26 to sound.

  The frequency characteristic acquisition unit includes an A / D (analog / digital) conversion unit 35 and a frequency analysis unit 36. A microphone 34 is connected to the A / D converter 35, and a sound signal from the microphone 34 is digitally converted and output to the frequency analyzer 36 as sound data. As will be described later, the frequency analysis unit 36 acquires a frequency signal in a predetermined range of sound data and extracts data indicating a time-series change in the signal level.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the head joint of the electronic wind instrument according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, a microphone 34 is disposed in a predetermined position on the middle joint side in the longitudinal direction of the electronic wind instrument 10 through the hole 16 in the tube interior 37 communicating with the hole 16 of the head joint 11. . The microphone 34 can acquire a sound signal generated by the player's breath blown into the pipe interior 37 through the hole 16.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the electronic wind instrument according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the electronic wind instrument 10 includes a frequency characteristic determination unit 43, a key switch state detection unit 44, and a sound source processing unit 45. The frequency characteristic determination unit 43 receives the frequency characteristic data from the frequency characteristic acquisition unit 25 and calculates an index value for pitch determination based on the frequency data. The operation state (ON / OFF) of each key switch constituting the key switch unit 24 is detected, and a key switch pattern is generated.

  The sound source processing unit 45 generates musical tone data of a predetermined pitch based on the index value calculated by the frequency characteristic determination unit 43 and the key switch pattern obtained by the key switch state detection unit 44. 26 sound source units 27 are instructed. The frequency characteristic data obtained by the frequency characteristic acquisition unit 25, the index value obtained by the frequency characteristic determination unit 43, the key switch pattern, and the data indicating the filter characteristic are stored in the RAM 23, respectively.

  In the present embodiment, the frequency characteristic determination unit 43 and the key switch state detection unit 44 are mainly realized by the CPU 21. The sound source processing unit 45 is realized by the CPU 21 and the sound system 26.

  Processing executed in the thus configured electronic wind instrument 10 will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of processing executed in the electronic wind instrument according to the present embodiment. The CPU 21 of the electronic wind instrument 10 executes initialization processing including clearing of various parameters, index values, key switch patterns and the like temporarily stored in the RAM 23 (step 501).

  Next, the CPU 21 (key switch state detection unit 44) executes a switch process (step 502). FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the switch processing according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the CPU 21 scans the key switches constituting the key switch unit 24, and detects the operation state (ON state or OFF state) of each key switch (step 601). The CPU 21 specifies the key switch pattern and stores it in the RAM 23 (step 602). Thereafter, the CPU 21 compares the key switch pattern specified in the previous process and stored in the RAM 23 to determine whether the key switch pattern has changed (step 603).

  If it is determined Yes in step 603, the CPU 21 specifies the musical tone basic pitch information KeyP based on the key switch pattern (step 604). For example, a pitch table in which the pitches of musical sounds to be generated for each key switch pattern are associated is stored in the ROM 22, and the CPU 21 refers to the pitch table in the ROM 22 and is associated with the key switch pattern. What is necessary is just to specify a pitch.

  7 and 8 are views showing fingering of the flute and the piccolo. FIGS. 7 and 8 show patterns (key patterns) obtained by fingering of flutes and piccolo keys, and pitches associated with the key patterns. Piccolo starts at D4 (see arrow A in FIG. 7). Also, the key patterns E4 to C # 5 (D ♭ 5) (see the range indicated by the arrow B in FIG. 7) and the key patterns E5 to C # 6 (D ♭ 6) (the range indicated by the arrow C in FIG. 8). (Refer to each other). That is, a musical tone having a pitch one octave higher can be played with the same key pattern. In the key switch pattern according to the present embodiment, E4 to C # 5 (D ♭ 5) is basically used for the fingering pattern of E4 to C # 5 (D ♭ 5) (see arrow B in FIG. 7). A value is stored so as to be given as pitch information. In the case of the key pattern, a musical tone having a pitch one octave higher than the basic pitch information can be generated based on frequency characteristic data described later.

  The CPU 21 generates a key event related to the basic pitch information KeyP and stores the key event in the RAM 23 (step 605). In the present embodiment, MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) note numbers are used as the pitch KeyP.

  When it is determined No in step 603 or after step 605 is executed, the CPU 21 executes another switch process (for example, a process in response to the operation of the timbre designation switch) (step 606), and the switch End the process.

After the switch processing, the CPU 21 (frequency characteristic determination unit 32) obtains frequency characteristic data from the frequency characteristic acquisition unit 25 and generates a predetermined index value based on the frequency characteristic data (step 503). Hereinafter, the sound signal due to the breath blown into the flute will be described. When playing the flute, the performer generates a musical tone by placing the lower lip on the lower side of the mouthpiece 14 and blowing in the hole (inlet). Further, as described above, a musical tone having a pitch one octave higher can be generated with the same fingering. In order to raise the pitch by one octave, the performer generally operates as follows.
(1) Blow your breath above the air inlet.
(2) Breathe in a state where the opening of the lips is narrowed.
(3) Increase the speed of breathing out.

  In the present embodiment, attention is paid to a phenomenon that occurs inside the flute pipe when (2) and (3) are performed. FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams showing the frequency characteristics of the sound signal due to the breath blown into the flute tube. FIG. 9 (a) shows a case where the player breathes in with the above (2) and (3) conscious in order to raise the pitch by one octave. FIG. 9 (b) shows a state where the performer has blown in order to produce a normal musical tone. Compared with FIG. 9 (b), in FIG. 9 (a), the ratio of high-frequency components on the high frequency side, particularly 10 KHz or higher, is clearly large. This is thought to be due to the air moving quickly through a small gap by narrowing the opening of the lips. On the other hand, the frequency components in the low band side, particularly in the band smaller than 1 KHz, are not so different between FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first signal level indicating the time-series change of the frequency components in the first predetermined band (for example, 12 KHz to 13 KHz) of 10 KHz or more based on the sound signal acquired by the microphone 34. Value and a second signal level value indicating a time-series change of frequency components in a second predetermined band (for example, 700 Hz to 800 Hz) of 1 KHz or less, and based on these ratios, Determine the pitch.

  FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the frequency characteristic acquisition unit according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the frequency characteristic acquisition unit 25 according to the present embodiment includes a first predetermined band extraction unit 51 that extracts a frequency component of the first predetermined band, and a frequency component of the first predetermined band. The first signal level extraction unit generating unit 52 that outputs the first signal level value En1 that is the value of the time series signal, the second predetermined band extracting unit 53 that extracts the frequency component of the second predetermined band, and the second A second signal level extraction unit 54 that outputs a second signal level value En2 that is the value of the time series signal, and the first signal level value En1 and the second signal level value An addition operation unit 55 that adds En2 and outputs a third signal level value En3 is included.

  Each of the first predetermined band extracting unit 51 and the second predetermined band extracting unit 53 can be realized by a digital band pass filter. For example, the first signal level extraction unit 52 calculates the maximum value of the filter value output from the first predetermined band extraction unit 51, and calculates the first signal level value En1 (t ) Is output. Further, for example, the second signal level extraction unit 54 calculates the maximum value of the filter value output from the second predetermined band extraction unit 51, and the second signal level value En2 at time t when the maximum value is calculated. Output as (t). Hereinafter, since the first signal level value and the second signal level value at the same time are referred to, the time t is omitted, and is simply expressed as the first signal level value En1 and the second signal level value En2.

  The first signal level extraction unit 52 and the second signal level extraction unit 54 obtain envelopes of the output filter values, respectively, and set values on the envelopes as the first signal level value En1 and the second signal level value En1, respectively. The signal level value En2 may be output. Alternatively, the first signal level extraction unit 52 and the second signal level extraction unit 54 calculate the integrated value at Δt of the absolute value of the frequency component for each predetermined time interval Δt, and use the obtained integrated value. These may be output as the first signal level value En1 and the second signal level value En2, respectively.

  The signal levels of the first signal level value En1 and the second signal level value En2 change in a time-series manner as the performer changes the lip opening and breathing speed. In the present embodiment, when the ratio “En1 / En2” of the first signal level value En1 to the second signal level value En2 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (for example, “2”), the basic pitch is increased. A musical tone having a pitch one octave higher than the information KeyP is generated.

  In the frequency characteristic acquisition / determination process 503, the CPU 21 acquires the first to third signal level values En1 to En3, which are frequency characteristic data, from the frequency characteristic acquisition unit 25, and uses the first signal level value En1 as an index value. Is obtained with respect to the second signal level value En2. The first signal level value En1 to the third signal level value En3 and the index value En1 / En2 are stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 23.

  When the frequency characteristic acquisition / determination process (step 503) ends, the CPU 21 executes a sound generation process (step 504). 11 and 12 are flowcharts showing an example of the sound generation process according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11, the CPU 21 (the sound generation processing unit 45) refers to the RAM 23 and determines whether there is a key event (step 1101). If it is determined Yes in step 1101, the CPU 21 refers to the third signal level value En3 stored in the RAM 23 and determines whether the third signal level value En3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value Eth. Judgment is made (step 1102). If NO in step 1102, the sound generation process is terminated.

  If it is determined Yes in step 1102, the CPU 21 determines whether the basic pitch information KeyP is in the range of E4 to C # 5 (E4 ≦ KeyP ≦ C # 5) (step 1103). When it is determined Yes in step 1103, the CPU 21 (frequency characteristic determination unit 43) further determines whether or not the index value En1 / En2 stored in the RAM 23 is “2” or more (step 1104). ).

  If NO in step 1103 or NO in step 1104, the CPU 21 causes the sound system 26 to sound a musical tone having a pitch KeyP at a volume level based on the third signal level value En3. The sound source unit 27 is instructed (step 1105). The sound source unit 27 reads out waveform data from the ROM 22 according to the pitch KeyP according to the instruction, multiplies the volume level based on the third signal level value En3, generates musical sound data, and outputs it to the audio circuit 28. . Thereafter, the CPU 21 resets the octave flag Oct in the RAM 23 to “0” (step 1106).

  On the other hand, if it is determined Yes in step 1104, the CPU 21 has a pitch (KeyP + 12) tone, that is, a tone having a pitch one octave higher than the basic pitch information KeyP specified based on the key switch pattern. Is sounded to the sound source unit 27 of the sound system 26 to sound at a volume level based on the third signal level value En3 (step 1107). In accordance with the instruction, the tone generator 27 reads waveform data from the ROM 22 according to the pitch (KeyP + 12), multiplies the volume level based on the third signal level value En3, generates musical sound data, and outputs it to the audio circuit. . Thereafter, the CPU 21 sets the octave flag Oct in the RAM 23 to “1” (step 1108).

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the first signal level value En1 based on the frequency component of the first predetermined band on the high frequency side is based on the frequency component of the second predetermined band on the low frequency side. When the ratio to the second signal level value En2 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, a musical tone having a pitch one octave higher than the pitch specified by the key switch pattern by the fingering of the performer is generated. As a result, it is possible for the performer to appropriately determine the situation in which the player blows in a state where the opening of the lips is narrowed and increases the speed of the breath to be blown out, and can generate a musical tone having a desired pitch. .

  After step 1106 or 1108 is executed, the CPU 21 sets the sound generation status to “sounding” and stores it in the RAM 23 (step 1109) and also stores the third signal level value En3 as volume data in the RAM 23. (Step 1110). Thereafter, the CPU 21 clears the key event in the RAM 23 (step 1111).

  When it is determined No in step 1101, the CPU 21 determines whether the sound generation status in the RAM 23 is “sounding” (step 1201). When it is determined No in step 1201, the CPU 21 determines whether the third signal level value En3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value Eth (step 1202).

  When the performer stops breathing into the hole 16 of the mouthpiece 14 in a state where any key switch is turned on by the performer and a musical tone is being generated, the sound is silenced through steps 1201 and 1204. Step 1205) is executed, and the sound generation status becomes “mute”.

  In step 1202, “Yes” is determined when the player breathes into the hole 16 of the mouthpiece 14 while the sound generation status is muted and the player keeps the key switch on. It corresponds to. In this case, the CPU 21 acquires the pitch KeyP stored in the RAM 23 again (step 1203), and proceeds to step 1103.

  If it is determined Yes in step 1201, the CPU 21 determines whether the third signal level value En3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold Eth (step 1204). If NO in step 1204, that is, if the third signal level value En3 is smaller than the threshold value Eth, the CPU 21 instructs the sound source unit 27 to mute the musical sound (step 1205). The sound source unit 27 multiplies the musical sound data being generated by a predetermined release envelope to mute the musical sound. In step 1205, the CPU 21 sets the sound generation status in the RAM 23 to “mute”.

  If it is determined Yes in step 1204, the CPU 21 determines whether or not the basic pitch information KeyP is in the range of E4 to C # 5 (E4 ≦ KeyP ≦ C # 5) (step 1206). When it is determined Yes in step 1206, the CPU 21 determines whether or not the index value En1 / En2 stored in the RAM 23 is “2” or more (step 1207).

  If it is determined Yes in step 1207, the CPU 21 determines whether or not the octave flag Oct stored in the RAM 23 is “0” (step 1208). If it is determined Yes in step 1208, the CPU 21 converts the musical tone having the pitch (KeyP + 12), that is, the musical tone having a pitch one octave higher than the pitch of the musical tone currently being generated, to the third signal level value En3. The sound source unit 27 of the sound system 26 is instructed to generate a sound at a volume level based on (step 1209). In accordance with the instruction, the sound source unit 27 mutes the musical tone of the pitch KeyP that is currently sounding at a high speed, reads out waveform data from the ROM 22 according to the pitch (KeyP + 12), and based on the third signal level value En3. Musical sound data is generated by multiplying the volume level and output to the audio circuit 28.

  Thereafter, the CPU 21 sets the octave flag Oct in the RAM 23 to “1” (step 1210). Next, the CPU 21 stores the third signal level value En3 as volume data in the RAM 23 (step 1211).

  If “Yes” is determined in steps 1207 and 1208, it corresponds to the case where the performer blows in with the speed of the breath to be blown out while the lip opening is narrowed while the musical tone having the pitch KeyP is being generated. To do. In this case, the pitch of the tone to be generated is changed to one octave above the basic pitch information KeyP.

  If it is determined No in step 1207, it is determined whether the octave flag Oct is “1” (step 1213). If it is determined Yes in step 1213, the CPU 21 outputs a musical tone having a pitch (KeyP), that is, a musical tone having a pitch one octave lower than the pitch of the musical tone being currently generated (KeyP + 12). The sound source unit 27 of the sound system 26 is instructed to sound at a volume level based on the level value En3 (step 1214). In accordance with the instruction, the sound source unit 27 silences the musical tone having the pitch (KeyP + 12) that is currently sounding at a high speed, reads out waveform data from the ROM 22 according to the pitch (KeyP), and outputs the third signal level value En3. The musical sound data is generated by multiplying the volume level based on the above and output to the audio circuit 28.

  Thereafter, the CPU 21 sets the octave flag Oct in the RAM 23 to “0” (step 1215). Next, the CPU 21 stores the third signal level value En3 in the RAM 23 as volume data (step 1211).

  If No in Step 1207 and Yes in 1213, while the musical tone of the pitch (KeyP + 12) is being sounded, the performer reduces the speed of the breath to be blown out with a wide lip opening. This is equivalent to blowing in. In this case, the pitch of the tone to be generated is changed to one octave below the basic pitch information (KeyP), that is, (KeyP + 12).

  If it is determined No in step 1206, if it is determined No in step 1208, or if it is determined No in step 1213, the CPU 21 sets the volume of the tone currently being sounded to the third volume. Is instructed to the signal level value En3 (step 1212). In accordance with the instruction, the tone generator 27 does not change the pitch of the currently sounding tone, generates tone data in which only the volume level is based on the third signal level value En3, and outputs the tone data to the digital filter 28. . Thereafter, the CPU 21 stores the third signal level value En3 as volume data in the RAM 23 (step 1211).

  After the sound generation process (step 504), the CPU 21 executes another process (step 505) and returns to step 502.

  In the present embodiment, the CPU 21 specifies the basic pitch information KeyP of the musical tone to be generated based on the key switch pattern indicating the operation state of each key switch. The frequency characteristic acquisition unit 25 acquires the frequency characteristic of the sound signal acquired by the microphone 34 disposed inside the hollow main body of the electronic wind instrument 10. Based on the frequency characteristic acquired by the frequency characteristic acquisition unit 25, the CPU 21 controls the sound source unit 27 to generate a musical tone having a pitch higher than the basic pitch information based on the key switch pattern by a predetermined amount (for example, one octave). To do. Thus, the performer can change the pitch of the musical tone by changing the opening degree and the speed at which the breath is blown into the lips when blowing into the mouthpiece 14 of the electronic wind instrument 10. In particular, in this embodiment, since a contact type sensor is not used, it is not necessary to adjust the contact portion for each player.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the CPU 21 determines that the first signal level En1 in a predetermined first frequency band (10 KHz or higher band, for example, 12 KHz to 13 KHz) is lower than the first frequency band. Basic pitch information when a predetermined ratio is larger than a second signal level En1 in a predetermined second frequency band (band of 1 KHz or less, for example, 700 Hz to 800 Hz) (for example, En1 / En2 ≧ 2). The sound source unit 27 is controlled to generate a musical tone having a pitch higher by a predetermined amount. In the so-called octave-up flute method, the performer blows with the lip opening narrowed, and increases the speed of the blow-out breath. In this case, in the sound signal due to the breath blown into the tube, the signal level of the frequency component of the predetermined band on the low band side does not change from that in the normal performance, but the predetermined band on the high band side. The signal level of the frequency component is increased by a considerable amount compared to the normal performance style. Therefore, in the present embodiment, by detecting an increase in the frequency level of the predetermined band on the high frequency side, the player's action to change the pitch is appropriately detected.

  In the present embodiment, the CPU 21 controls the volume of the musical sound to be generated according to the signal level of the acquired sound signal. Therefore, a musical sound can be generated at a volume according to the amount of breath that is blown into the performer's tube without separately providing a breath pressure sensor.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the CPU 21 generates the third signal level En3 based on the first signal level En1 and the second signal level En2, and controls the volume according to the third signal level En3. To do. As a result, it is possible to generate a musical sound with a desired volume while eliminating the influence of noise.

  In the embodiment, the CPU 21 determines the pitch based on the frequency characteristics when the basic pitch information based on the key switch pattern is within a predetermined range. In the flute, the key patterns (fingering) of the pitches E4 to C # 5 are the same as those of E5 to C # 6, respectively. Therefore, for example, when the basic pitch information based on the key switch pattern is E4 to C # 5, the CPU 21 determines the necessity of pitch change based on the frequency characteristics. Thus, the performer can perform with a fingering similar to that of a wind instrument such as a flute and a musical tone having a desired pitch with the same breathing condition.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say.

  For example, in the first embodiment, the sound signal acquired by the microphone 34 is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 35, and the frequency component of the first predetermined band is converted from the converted digital data, And the frequency component of the 2nd predetermined band is extracted. However, the present invention is not limited to this. FIG. 13A is a block diagram illustrating an example of a frequency characteristic acquisition unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13A, the frequency characteristic acquisition unit 125 according to the second embodiment includes a frequency analysis unit 136 and an A having a first predetermined bandpass filter 151 and a second predetermined bandpass filter 153. A / D conversion unit 135 is included. The first predetermined band is, for example, 12 KHz to 13 KHz, and the second predetermined band is, for example, 700 Hz to 800 Hz, and may be the same as in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 13B is a diagram illustrating an example of a band pass filter. As shown in FIG. 13B, the band pass filter includes a low-frequency cut-off filter 100 including a first capacitor 101 and a first coil 102, a second capacitor 111, and a second coil 112. A high-frequency cutoff filter 110 configured and a rectifier 121 are included. In the low-frequency cutoff filter 100, the constants of the first capacitor 101 and the first coil 112 are appropriately adjusted to obtain a desired low-frequency cutoff frequency. In the high-frequency cutoff filter 110, By adjusting the second capacitor 111 and the second coil 112, a desired high frequency cutoff frequency can be obtained. The rectifier 121 outputs a signal corresponding to the absolute value of the frequency component in the predetermined band.

  In the second embodiment, the CPU 21 generates the first signal level value En1 and the second signal level value En2 based on the data from the A / D converter 135, and adds them. Thus, the third signal level value En3 is generated. In the second embodiment, the frequency component of the first predetermined band and the frequency component of the second predetermined band can be obtained using a simple analog filter.

  In the first embodiment, a musical tone is generated using the third signal level value En3 obtained by adding the first signal level value En1 and the second signal level value En2 as volume information. However, it is not limited to this. For example, in FIG. 2, a signal level value (for example, a maximum value) of sound data output from the A / D conversion unit 35 may be acquired and used as the third signal level value.

  Further, the third signal level value may be acquired based on a signal other than the sound data output from the A / D converter 35. FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a head joint of an electronic wind instrument according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 14, a breath sensor 141 is arranged in the radial direction on one end face in the longitudinal direction of the hole 16. The end surface of the hole 16 is a surface facing the performer's lips (indicated by symbol L in FIG. 14) so that the breath (see arrow) blown from the lips hits the surface of the breath sensor 141. The breath sensor 141 is attached along the radial direction of the ring member 140 on the end surface of the mouthpiece 14 attached to the upper side of the ring member 140 forming the main body of the head joint 11 and on the end surface of the ring member 140. In the third embodiment, the breath sensor 141 detects the breath pressure of the player's breath and uses the sensor value BS based on the breath pressure as the third signal level value.

  In the above embodiment, a musical tone that is one octave higher is generated as a pitch higher by a predetermined amount based on the frequency characteristic data. However, the predetermined amount is not limited to one octave.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a band of 10 KHz or more, particularly 12 KHz to 13 KHz is adopted as the first frequency band on the high band side, and a band of 1 KHz or less as the second frequency band on the low band side, In particular, frequency components of 700 Hz to 800 Hz are acquired. However, the frequency band described above is desirable, but is not limited thereto. Further, when the ratio “En1 / En2” of the first signal level value En1 to the second signal level value En2 is larger than “2”, a musical tone having a pitch one octave higher than the basic pitch information is generated. However, the ratio value for determining the change in pitch is not limited to that described above.

10 Electronic Wind Instrument 11 Head Joint 12 Middle Joint 13 Foot Joint 14 Mouthpiece 21 CPU
22 ROM
23 RAM
24 switch unit 25 frequency characteristic acquisition unit 26 sound system 27 sound source unit 28 audio circuit 30 speaker 31, 32 key switch 34 microphone 35 A / D conversion unit 36 frequency analysis unit

Claims (4)

A body extending in the longitudinal direction;
A mouthpiece provided at one end of the main body that is hollow, and a mouthpiece provided with a hole communicating with the hollow interior;
A plurality of performance operators provided on the main body and taking either an on state or an off state;
Sound signal acquisition means for acquiring a sound signal due to the breath blown from the hole, disposed inside the hollow of the main body,
A musical tone generating means for generating a musical tone having a predetermined pitch is specified with reference to the reference pitch of the musical tone to be generated based on the operation state of the plurality of performance operators, and the specified reference pitch is determined. Control means for giving instructions to sound a musical tone;
A frequency characteristic acquisition means for acquiring a frequency characteristic of the sound signal acquired by the sound signal acquisition means;
In the frequency characteristic, the control means has a first signal level in a predetermined first frequency band and a second signal level in a predetermined second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. An electronic wind instrument characterized by instructing the musical tone generating means to generate a musical tone having a pitch higher than the reference pitch by a predetermined amount when the ratio is greater than a predetermined value.   The electronic wind instrument according to claim 1, wherein the control means controls the volume of the musical sound in accordance with a signal level of the acquired sound signal. The control means generates a third signal level based on the first signal level and the second signal level, and controls the volume according to the third signal level. The electronic wind instrument according to claim 2 .   2. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein when the reference pitch based on the operation state of the plurality of performance operators is within a predetermined range, the control unit determines the pitch based on the frequency characteristic. 4. The electronic wind instrument according to any one of 3 above.

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