JP5605626B2 - Vehicle lighting - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicular lamp, and more particularly to a vehicular lamp that can form a clear cut-off line.

  Conventionally, in the field of vehicular lamps, semiconductor light emitting devices in which a wavelength conversion layer having a uniform thickness is laminated on the surface of an LED element are used (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). 19 and 20 are examples of a semiconductor light emitting device in which the wavelength conversion layer Ly is laminated on the surface of the LED element Cp with a substantially uniform thickness. In the semiconductor light emitting device described in Patent Document 1 or the like, the thickness of the wavelength conversion layer is uniform, so that the luminance distribution gradually decreases as it goes to the periphery with the chip center at the maximum (see FIG. 4). This is the same principle as the surface emission Lambertian light distribution. If the in-plane luminance distribution is uniform, this can be explained as a phenomenon according to the COS function indicating the maximum value at the center.

JP 2005-322923 A JP 2008-507850 A

  However, in the field of vehicle headlamps, in order to form a clear cut-off line, it is required to distribute the maximum luminance distribution to the cut-off line. To meet this requirement, shades are used. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, about half of the luminance distribution must be cut, and there is a problem that the light utilization efficiency is lowered.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to distribute the maximum part of the luminance distribution to the cut-off line without cutting part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicular lamp using a simple light source.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 includes an LED element and a wavelength conversion layer arranged to cover a light emitting surface of the LED element, and the wavelength conversion of light from the LED element. A light source configured to emit white light including light transmitted through the layer and light from the wavelength conversion layer that is excited by light from the LED element, and a light source image of the light source in front of the vehicle A projection optical system configured to form a light distribution pattern for a headlamp on a virtual vertical screen directly facing the front end of the vehicle by projecting, wherein the LED element is rectangular A support substrate, a back electrode formed on one side of the support substrate, a p-electrode as a reflective electrode formed on the opposite side of the support substrate, and a p-electrode formed on the p-electrode Type semiconductor layer; An active layer formed on the p-type semiconductor layer, an n-type semiconductor layer formed on the active layer, and a length formed in a narrow region including one long side of the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer A vertical LED element including an n-electrode extending in a side direction, and the projection optical system is configured to display a plurality of light source images of the white light source so that an image portion corresponding to the n-electrode is positioned above. Light distribution pattern for headlamps including a cut-off line formed by image portions corresponding to the n electrodes of each of the plurality of light source images of the white light source on a virtual vertical screen that projects forward and faces the front end of the vehicle is configured to form a said n-electrode, includes an additional electrode extending to the n electrode in the same direction, the additional electrode, the one of said n-type semiconductor layer surface long side and the other It is formed in the middle of the long side And wherein the door.

According to the invention described in claim 1 (the same applies to claims 2 to 5) , since the specific electrode structure is adopted, the light emitting surface of the light source has a peak on the n electrode side in the longitudinal section (on the n electrode side). Suitable for formation of light distribution patterns for headlamps, where a luminance distribution that gradually decreases from the n electrode in the vertical direction is formed and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. It is possible to construct a light source with a high luminance distribution.

According to the invention described in claim 1 (the same applies to claims 2 to 5 ), it corresponds to the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) of each of the plurality of light source images of the light source by the action of the projection optical system. A plurality of image portions can be densely arranged in a horizontal direction and an oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution pattern for the passing beam with excellent gradation visibility in the distance with the gradation shape in which the area near the cut-off line (horizontal cut-off line and oblique cut-off line) is brightest and the illuminance decreases from the cut-off line to the lower side. It becomes possible to form.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 1 (the same applies to claims 2 to 5) , the LED element has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode side (the maximum luminance portion is on the n-electrode side). As described above, it is possible to form a light distribution pattern for a passing beam by using the light emission shape of the LED element as it is without cutting a part of the light from the LED element (see FIG. 6). In other words, the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting off a part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art. In addition, the luminance gradation portion can be matched to the light distribution. For this reason, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the light utilization efficiency is improved.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 1 (the same applies to claims 2 to 5) , the luminance distribution (in the longitudinal section of the LED element (light source)) is adjusted by adjusting the area of each electrode, the distance between both electrodes, and the like. It is possible to adjust the peak position, peak width, etc.) to the target luminance distribution.

In addition, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the specific electrode structure is adopted, the light emitting surface of the light source has a peak on the n electrode side in the longitudinal section (the maximum luminance portion is on the n electrode side). A light source with a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light distribution pattern for headlamps is formed, in which a luminance distribution that gradually decreases from the n electrode in the vertical direction is formed, and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. It becomes possible to do.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by the action of the projection optical system, the plurality of image portions corresponding to the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) of each of the plurality of light source images of the light source are It becomes possible to arrange densely in an oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution pattern for the passing beam with excellent gradation visibility in the distance with the gradation shape in which the area near the cut-off line (horizontal cut-off line and oblique cut-off line) is brightest and the illuminance decreases from the cut-off line to the lower side. It becomes possible to form.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the LED element has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode side (there is a maximum luminance part on the n-electrode side). Without cutting a part (see FIG. 6), it is possible to form a light distribution pattern for a passing beam by using the light emission shape of the LED element as it is. In other words, the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting off a part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art. In addition, the luminance gradation portion can be matched to the light distribution. For this reason, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the light utilization efficiency is improved.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the brightness distribution (peak position) in the longitudinal section of the LED element (light source) is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the n electrode and the additional electrode, the area of the additional electrode, the number of the additional electrodes, and the like. , Peak width, etc.) can be adjusted to the desired luminance distribution.

Invention of Claim 2 contains the light which permeate | transmitted the said wavelength conversion layer among the light from the said LED element including the LED element and the wavelength conversion layer arrange | positioned so that the light emission surface of the said LED element may be covered, and the said A light source configured to emit white light including light from the wavelength conversion layer that is excited by light from the LED element and emits light, and a light source image of the light source is projected to the front of the vehicle, thereby A projection optical system configured to form a light distribution pattern for a headlamp on a virtual vertical screen directly facing the unit, wherein the LED element includes a rectangular support substrate and the support A back electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a p-electrode as a reflective electrode formed on the surface opposite to the one side of the support substrate, a p-type semiconductor layer formed on the p-electrode, and the p-type Formed on the type semiconductor layer An active layer formed thereon, an n-type semiconductor layer formed on the active layer, an n-electrode extending in the long-side direction formed in a narrow region including one long side of the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer, The projection optical system projects a plurality of light source images of the white light source forward of the vehicle so that an image portion corresponding to the n electrode is positioned above, and a front end portion of the vehicle A light distribution pattern for headlamps including a cut-off line formed by an image portion corresponding to each of the n electrodes of each of the plurality of light source images of the white light source is formed on a virtual vertical screen directly facing The surface of the n-type semiconductor layer includes a plurality of structures composed of concave portions or / and convex portions, and the plurality of structures are long in the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer farther from the n-electrode. From the side toward the n-electrode Characterized in that it is formed to be dense.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of structures are employed, the vertical section of the light emitting surface of the light source has a peak on the n electrode side (the maximum luminance portion is on the n electrode side), and n A light source with a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light distribution pattern for headlamps is formed, in which a luminance distribution that gradually decreases from the electrode in the vertical direction is formed, and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. Is possible.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, due to the action of the projection optical system, the plurality of image portions corresponding to the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) of each of the plurality of light source images of the light source are It becomes possible to arrange densely in an oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution pattern for the passing beam with excellent gradation visibility in the distance with the gradation shape in which the area near the cut-off line (horizontal cut-off line and oblique cut-off line) is brightest and the illuminance decreases from the cut-off line to the lower side. It becomes possible to form.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the LED element has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode side (the maximum luminance part is on the n-electrode side), the light from the LED element as in the conventional case. Without cutting a part (see FIG. 6), it is possible to form a light distribution pattern for a passing beam by using the light emission shape of the LED element as it is. In other words, the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting off a part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art. In addition, the luminance gradation portion can be matched to the light distribution. For this reason, according to the invention described in claim 2 , the light utilization efficiency is improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the luminance distribution (peak position, peak width, etc.) in the longitudinal section of the LED element (light source) is adjusted by adjusting the density, size, etc. of the plurality of structures. It becomes possible to adjust to a target luminance distribution.

Invention of Claim 3 contains the light which permeate | transmitted the said wavelength conversion layer among the light from the said LED element, and the wavelength conversion layer arrange | positioned so that the light emission surface of the said LED element might be covered, and the said A light source configured to emit white light including light from the wavelength conversion layer that is excited by light from the LED element and emits light, and a light source image of the light source is projected to the front of the vehicle, thereby A projection optical system configured to form a light distribution pattern for a headlamp on a virtual vertical screen directly facing the unit, wherein the LED element includes a rectangular support substrate and the support A back electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a p-electrode as a reflective electrode formed on the surface opposite to the one side of the support substrate, a p-type semiconductor layer formed on the p-electrode, and the p-type Formed on the type semiconductor layer An active layer formed thereon, an n-type semiconductor layer formed on the active layer, an n-electrode extending in the long-side direction formed in a narrow region including one long side of the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer, The projection optical system projects a plurality of light source images of the white light source forward of the vehicle so that an image portion corresponding to the n electrode is positioned above, and a front end portion of the vehicle A light distribution pattern for headlamps including a cut-off line formed by an image portion corresponding to each of the n electrodes of each of the plurality of light source images of the white light source is formed on a virtual vertical screen directly facing The n-electrode includes a plurality of additional electrodes extending in the same direction as the n-electrode, and the plurality of additional electrodes from the long side farther from the n-electrode on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer, As you go to the n-electrode There, characterized in that it is formed to be dense.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the specific electrode structure is adopted, the vertical section of the light emitting surface of the light source has a peak on the n electrode side (the maximum luminance portion is on the n electrode side), and n A light source with a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light distribution pattern for headlamps is formed, in which a luminance distribution that gradually decreases from the electrode in the vertical direction is formed, and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. Is possible.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, due to the action of the projection optical system, the plurality of image portions corresponding to the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) of each of the plurality of light source images of the light source are It becomes possible to arrange densely in an oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution pattern for the passing beam with excellent gradation visibility in the distance with the gradation shape in which the area near the cut-off line (horizontal cut-off line and oblique cut-off line) is brightest and the illuminance decreases from the cut-off line to the lower side. It becomes possible to form.

According to the invention of claim 3 , since the LED element has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n electrode side (there is a maximum luminance part on the n electrode side), the light from the LED element as in the conventional case. Without cutting a part (see FIG. 6), it is possible to form a light distribution pattern for a passing beam by using the light emission shape of the LED element as it is. In other words, the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting off a part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art. In addition, the luminance gradation portion can be matched to the light distribution. For this reason, according to the invention described in claim 3 , the light utilization efficiency is improved.

According to the invention described in claim 3 , the brightness distribution (peak position, peak) in the longitudinal section of the LED element (light source) is adjusted by adjusting the interval between the additional electrodes, the area of the additional electrodes, the number of the additional electrodes, and the like. Can be adjusted to the target luminance distribution.

Invention of Claim 4 contains the light which permeate | transmitted the said wavelength conversion layer among the light from the said LED element including the LED element and the wavelength conversion layer arrange | positioned so that the light emission surface of the said LED element may be covered, and the said A light source configured to emit white light including light from the wavelength conversion layer that is excited by light from the LED element and emits light, and a light source image of the light source is projected to the front of the vehicle, thereby A projection optical system configured to form a light distribution pattern for a headlamp on a virtual vertical screen directly facing the unit, wherein the LED element includes a rectangular support substrate and the support A back electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a p-electrode as a reflective electrode formed on the surface opposite to the one side of the support substrate, a p-type semiconductor layer formed on the p-electrode, and the p-type Formed on the type semiconductor layer An active layer formed thereon, an n-type semiconductor layer formed on the active layer, an n-electrode extending in the long-side direction formed in a narrow region including one long side of the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer, The projection optical system projects a plurality of light source images of the white light source forward of the vehicle so that an image portion corresponding to the n electrode is positioned above, and a front end portion of the vehicle A light distribution pattern for headlamps including a cut-off line formed by an image portion corresponding to each of the n electrodes of each of the plurality of light source images of the white light source is formed on a virtual vertical screen directly facing The n electrode includes a plurality of additional electrodes extending in the same direction as the n electrode, and the p electrode includes a plurality of first reflectance electrodes extending in the same direction as the n electrode, the n electrode, The first reaction extending in the same direction A plurality of second reflectivity electrodes having a lower reflectivity than the reflectivity electrode, wherein the first reflectivity electrodes and the second reflectivity electrodes are alternately formed, and the plurality of second reflectivity electrodes electrodes from the n-electrode, characterized in that the distance as the toward the long side facing away from the n-electrode is formed so as to be dense.

According to the invention described in claim 4 , since the specific electrode structure is adopted, the vertical cross section of the light emitting surface of the light source has a peak on the n electrode side (the maximum luminance portion is on the n electrode side), and n A light source with a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light distribution pattern for headlamps is formed, in which a luminance distribution that gradually decreases from the electrode in the vertical direction is formed, and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. Is possible.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, by the action of the projection optical system, the plurality of image portions corresponding to the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) of each of the plurality of light source images of the light source are It becomes possible to arrange densely in an oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution pattern for the passing beam with excellent gradation visibility in the distance with the gradation shape in which the area near the cut-off line (horizontal cut-off line and oblique cut-off line) is brightest and the illuminance decreases from the cut-off line to the lower side. It becomes possible to form.

According to the invention of claim 4 , since the LED element has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode side (the maximum luminance part is on the n-electrode side), the light from the LED element as in the conventional case. Without cutting a part (see FIG. 6), it is possible to form a light distribution pattern for a passing beam by using the light emission shape of the LED element as it is. In other words, the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting off a part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art. In addition, the luminance gradation portion can be matched to the light distribution. For this reason, according to the invention of claim 4 , the light utilization efficiency is improved.

According to the invention of claim 4 , the luminance distribution (peak position, peak width, etc.) in the longitudinal section of the LED element (light source) is adjusted by adjusting the vertical dimension of each reflectance electrode. It becomes possible to adjust to a target luminance distribution.

Invention of Claim 5 contains the light which permeate | transmitted the said wavelength conversion layer among the light from the said LED element, and the wavelength conversion layer arrange | positioned so that the light emission surface of the said LED element might be covered, and the said A light source configured to emit white light including light from the wavelength conversion layer that is excited by light from the LED element and emits light, and a light source image of the light source is projected to the front of the vehicle, thereby A projection optical system configured to form a light distribution pattern for a headlamp on a virtual vertical screen directly facing the unit, wherein the LED element includes a rectangular support substrate and the support A back electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a p-electrode as a reflective electrode formed on the surface opposite to the one side of the support substrate, a p-type semiconductor layer formed on the p-electrode, and the p-type Formed on the type semiconductor layer An active layer formed thereon, an n-type semiconductor layer formed on the active layer, an n-electrode extending in the long-side direction formed in a narrow region including one long side of the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer, The projection optical system projects a plurality of light source images of the white light source forward of the vehicle so that an image portion corresponding to the n electrode is positioned above, and a front end portion of the vehicle A light distribution pattern for headlamps including a cut-off line formed by an image portion corresponding to each of the n electrodes of each of the plurality of light source images of the white light source is formed on a virtual vertical screen directly facing A plurality of first transparent conductive films formed on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer and extending in the same direction as the n-electrode, and the plurality of first transparent conductive films and the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer therebetween are covered. Lower bending than the first transparent conductive film A portion of the n-type semiconductor layer surface that is farther from the n-electrode. The portion where the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film overlap each other from the long sides, wherein the longitudinal dimension as the toward the n electrode is formed to be larger.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the specific electrode structure is adopted, the vertical section of the light emitting surface of the light source has a peak on the n electrode side (the maximum luminance portion is on the n electrode side), and n A light source with a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light distribution pattern for headlamps is formed, in which a luminance distribution that gradually decreases from the electrode in the vertical direction is formed, and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. Is possible.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, due to the action of the projection optical system, the plurality of image portions corresponding to the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) of each of the plurality of light source images of the light source are It becomes possible to arrange densely in an oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution pattern for the passing beam with excellent gradation visibility in the distance with the gradation shape in which the area near the cut-off line (horizontal cut-off line and oblique cut-off line) is brightest and the illuminance decreases from the cut-off line to the lower side. It becomes possible to form.

According to the invention of claim 5 , since the LED element has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode side (the maximum luminance portion is on the n-electrode side), the light from the LED element as in the conventional case. Without cutting a part (see FIG. 6), it is possible to form a light distribution pattern for a passing beam by using the light emission shape of the LED element as it is. In other words, the n-electrode side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting off a part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art. In addition, the luminance gradation portion can be matched to the light distribution. For this reason, according to the invention described in claim 5 , the light utilization efficiency is improved.

According to the invention described in claim 5 , the luminance distribution in the longitudinal section of the LED element (light source) is adjusted by adjusting the longitudinal dimension of the portion where the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film overlap. (Peak position, peak width, etc.) can be adjusted to the target luminance distribution.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a vehicular lamp using a light source capable of distributing the maximum part of the luminance distribution to the cut-off line without cutting part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art. It becomes possible.

(A) It is an external view of the vehicle lamp 10 which is one Embodiment of this invention, (b) It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. 2 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a light source 20. FIG. (A) Front view (top view) of the LED element 21, (b) Cross-sectional view (side view) of the LED element 21, (c) LED element 21 (light emitting surface) in the AA cross section in FIG. It is an example of luminance distribution. It is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element (light emission surface) of the conventional electrode structure. It is an example of the light distribution pattern for headlamps. It is a figure for demonstrating that a part of light from the said LED element was cut in the LED element of the conventional electrode structure. FIG. 11 is a front view (top view) of a modification of LED element 21. It is an example of the light distribution pattern for headlamps. (A) It is an external view of the vehicle lamp 10 (modification 1-1) which is one Embodiment of this invention, (b) It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. (A) It is an external view of the vehicle lamp 10 (modification 1-2) which is one Embodiment of this invention, (b) It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vehicle lamp 10 (modification 1-3) which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vehicle lamp 10 (modification 1-4) which is one Embodiment of this invention. (A) Front view (top view) of LED element 21 (Modification 2-1), (b) Cross-sectional view (side view) of LED element 21 (Modification 2-1), (c) FIG. 13 (a) It is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (modification 2-1) in the middle BB cross section. (A) Front view (top view) of LED element 21 (Modification 2-2), (b) Side view of LED element 21 (Modification 2-2), (c) CC in FIG. It is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (modification 2-2) in a cross section. (A) Front view (top view) of LED element 21 (Modification 2-3), (b) Cross-sectional view (side view) of LED element 21 (Modification 2-3), (c) FIG. 15 (a) It is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (modification 2-3) in a middle DD section. (A) Front view (top view) of LED element 21 (Modification 2-4), (b) Front view of P electrode 21d, (c) Cross-sectional view (side view) of LED element 21 (Modification 2-4) ), (D) are examples of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (Modification 2-4) on the EE cross section in FIG. (A) Front view (top view) of LED element 21 (Modification 2-5), (b) Cross-sectional view (side view) of LED element 21 (Modification 2-5), (c) FIG. 17 (a) It is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (modification 2-5) in the middle FF cross section. It is a figure for demonstrating that the vertical stripe is permitted rather than the horizontal stripe when the stripe is generated in the luminance distribution of the LED element. It is a side view of the conventional semiconductor light-emitting device. It is a side view of the conventional semiconductor light-emitting device.

  Hereinafter, a vehicular lamp that is an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The vehicular lamp 10 of this embodiment is, for example, a vehicular headlamp, and is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the front portion of the vehicle.

  Fig.1 (a) is an external view of the vehicle lamp 10 which is one Embodiment of this invention, FIG.1 (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. FIG. 2 is a simplified cross-sectional view of the light source 20.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, and FIG. 2, the vehicular lamp 10 includes an LED element 21 and a wavelength conversion layer 22 (both phosphor) disposed so as to cover the light emitting surface of the LED element 21. White light including light transmitted through the wavelength conversion layer 22 among light from the LED element 21 and light from the wavelength conversion layer 22 emitted by being excited by the light from the LED element 21. The light source 20 configured to emit light, and the light source image of the light source 20 are projected in front of the vehicle to form a headlamp light distribution pattern on a virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle. A projection optical system 30 and the like are provided.

[Structure of LED element 21]
First, the structure of the LED element 21 will be described. 3 (a) is a front view (top view) of the LED element 21, FIG. 3 (b) is a cross-sectional view (side view) of the LED element 21, and FIG. 3 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3 (a). It is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (light emitting surface).

  The LED element 21 is a vertical LED element (also referred to as a TF type or a bonded type) in which a current flows in the vertical direction in FIG. 3B, and has a light emitting surface that is substantially rectangular in a front view. (See FIG. 3 (a)). While a general LED element (light emitting surface) has a size of about 300 μm in length × 500 μm in width, the LED element 21 (light emitting surface) in this embodiment has a length of H = 500 to 1200 μm and a width of about W = 4 to 5 mm. (See FIG. 3A).

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the LED element 21 includes a rectangular support substrate 21e, a back electrode 21g formed on one side of the support substrate 21e, and a reflection formed on the opposite surface of the support substrate 21e. A p-electrode 21d as an electrode, a p-type semiconductor layer 21c formed on the p-electrode 21d, an active layer 21b formed on the p-type semiconductor layer 21c, an n-type semiconductor layer 21a formed on the active layer 21b, n The n-type electrode 21f etc. extended in the long-side direction formed in the narrow region 21a1 including one long side of the surface of the type semiconductor layer 21a.

  The n-type semiconductor layer 21a is, for example, a nitride semiconductor layer such as an n-GaN layer. The active layer 21b is a light emitting layer such as an InGan layer, for example. The p-type semiconductor layer 21c is, for example, a nitride semiconductor layer such as a p-GaN layer. The p electrode 21d is, for example, an electrode having high reflectivity with respect to blue light (also referred to as a reflective electrode). According to the LED element 21 of the present embodiment, the output can be increased by the reflection action of the p-electrode 21d as compared with a face-up type LED element using a transparent electrode. Moreover, in the LED element 21 of this embodiment, since it is possible to use the large-sized p electrode 21d with a high heat dissipation effect, a large current is supplied compared to the face-up type LED element using a transparent electrode. It is possible to prevent or alleviate the influence (decrease in light emission luminance, etc.) due to the heat generation of the LED element 21 due to the above. The support substrate 21e is, for example, a semiconductor substrate that is opaque to blue light. The n electrode 21f is an electrode including, for example, a pad 21f1. The number of pads 21f1 can be increased or decreased according to the amount of power supply.

In the application of the headlamp, a circuit (for example, a constant current) for supplying a constant current (forward current: 1 to 5 A, current density: 35 A / cm ² or more) controlled by a DC-DC converter or the like to the LED element 21. Circuit (not shown) is connected. For example, this circuit supplies the LED element 21 with a current having a current density such that the following current distribution is formed. When the current from this circuit flows to the n-electrode 21f through the back electrode 21g, the p-electrode 21d, the p-type semiconductor layer 21c, the active layer 21b, and the n-type semiconductor layer 21a, the active layer 21b emits blue light. The blue light is emitted directly from the n-type semiconductor layer 21a in FIG. 3B or directly reflected by the p-electrode 21d).

  The current supplied to the p-electrode 21d is uniformly diffused in the p-electrode 21d because the p-electrode 21d is formed over almost the entire area of the p-type semiconductor layer 21c, but the current easily passes through the shortest distance. A current distribution (distributed substantially the same as FIG. 3C) is formed which concentrates on the electrode 21f side (has a peak on the n-electrode 21f side) and gradually decreases as it moves away from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction. On the other hand, the current supplied to the p-electrode 21d forms a constant current distribution because the n-electrode 21f and the p-electrode 21d are arranged in parallel to each other in the cross section (see FIG. 3B). .

  The active layer 21b emits light due to the current distributed in this manner, so that the LED element 21 (the light emitting surface) has the same luminance distribution as the current distribution, that is, the light emitting surface (longitudinal section) of the LED element 21. , A luminance distribution (see FIG. 3C) having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side (there is a maximum luminance portion on the n-electrode 21f side) and gradually decreasing as the distance from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction is formed. On the light emitting surface (transverse section) of the element 21, a constant luminance distribution is formed. The luminance distribution of the light emitting surface of the LED element 21 has a peak indicating the maximum luminance on one long side from the center of the element, and one luminance peak exists from one long side to the other long side.

  The luminance distribution (peak position, peak width, etc.) in the longitudinal section of the LED element 21 (light source 20) is adjusted by adjusting the area of each electrode 21d, 21f, the interval between the electrodes 21d, 21f, and the like. It is possible to adjust the luminance distribution.

[Method for Manufacturing LED Element 21]
Next, the manufacturing method (Example) of the LED element 21 is demonstrated.

A sapphire substrate (not shown) is prepared as a growth substrate. Thereafter, thermal cleaning of the sapphire substrate is performed. Subsequently, a semiconductor layer (n-type semiconductor layer 21a, active layer 21b, p-type semiconductor layer 21c) is grown on the sapphire substrate by MOVPE (metal organic chemical vapor deposition) or the like. Specifically, TMG (trimethylgallium) and NH ₃ are supplied to form a buffer layer (not shown) made of a GaN layer. Subsequently, TMG, NH ₃ and SiH ₄ as a dopant gas are supplied to form an n-type semiconductor layer 21a made of an n-type GaN layer. Subsequently, an active layer 21b is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer 21a. In this example, a multiple quantum well structure made of InGaN / GaN was applied to the active layer 21b. That is, five cycles of growth are performed with InGaN / GaN as one cycle. Specifically, TMG, TMI (trimethylindium), and NH ₃ are supplied to form an InGaN well layer, and then TMG and NH ₃ are supplied to form a GaN barrier layer. The light emitting layer 21b is formed by repeating this process for five cycles. Next, TMG, TMA (trimethylaluminum), NH ₃ and CP ₂ Mg (bis-cyclopentadienyl Mg) as a dopant are supplied to form a p-type AlGaN cladding layer (not shown). Subsequently, TMG, NH ₃ and CP ₂ Mg are supplied as dopants to form a p-type semiconductor layer 21c made of a p-type GaN layer.

  When the formation of the semiconductor layer is completed, the semiconductor layer and the support substrate 21e are joined.

  Here, as the support substrate 21e, a semiconductor substrate that is opaque with respect to the emission wavelength, such as a Si substrate or a Ge substrate, is used. The semiconductor layer and the support substrate 21e are bonded together by bonding them together via a p-electrode 21d (metal layer) configured by laminating a plurality of metal films including, for example, AuSn solder. The p-electrode 21d (metal layer) functions not only as a bonding layer between the semiconductor layer and the support substrate 21e but also as a light reflection layer. The p-electrode 21d (metal layer) is appropriately provided on the semiconductor layer side and / or the support substrate 21e side.

  Instead of bonding a Si substrate, a Ge substrate, or the like as the support substrate 21e, a plating film such as Cu may be formed on the p-electrode 21d (metal layer).

  Next, the sapphire substrate is peeled from the semiconductor layer. For peeling off the sapphire substrate, a known method such as LLO (laser lift-off) method can be used. In the LLO method, the irradiated laser decomposes the GaN layer formed on the sapphire substrate into metallic Ga and N. After the sapphire substrate is peeled off, the n-type semiconductor layer 21a is exposed (see FIG. 3B).

  Next, an n-electrode 21f (electrode pad) is formed on the upper surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a exposed by peeling the sapphire substrate. The n-electrode 21f is formed by depositing a metal such as Au, Ag, or Al on the n-type semiconductor layer 21a by a sputtering method or the like and then patterning it by a photolithography technique.

  On the other hand, the back electrode 21g is formed by vapor-depositing a metal such as Pt on the back surface of the support substrate 21e.

  Thus, the LED element 21 is manufactured.

[Wavelength conversion layer 22]
The wavelength conversion layer 22 is disposed so as to cover the light emitting surface of the LED element 21. FIG. 2 is an example of the LED element 21 mounted on the mounting substrate C such as a ceramic substrate or a silicon substrate, and the wavelength conversion layer 22 disposed so as to cover the light emitting surface of the LED element 21. The LED element 21 and the pattern electrode on the mounting substrate C are electrically connected by a wire W and a back electrode 21g.

  Thereby, white light including the blue light component transmitted through the wavelength conversion layer 22 in the blue light from the LED element 21 and the yellow light component emitted from the wavelength conversion layer 22 excited and emitted by the blue light from the LED element 21. The light source 20 (white light source) that emits (pseudo white light) can be configured. As the wavelength conversion layer 22, for example, a phosphor that emits yellow light when excited by blue light from the LED element 21 (for example, a resin layer in which phosphor particles such as YAG phosphor particles are dispersed) is used. Is possible.

  Since the luminance distribution as described above (see FIG. 3C) is formed on the LED element 21 (its light emitting surface), the light source 20 (its light emitting surface) has a luminance distribution similar to the above luminance distribution, that is, On the light emitting surface (longitudinal section) of the light source 20, the luminance distribution (having a peak on the n electrode 21f side (there is a maximum luminance portion on the n electrode 21f side)) and gradually decreases as the distance from the n electrode 21g increases in the vertical direction ( 3 (c)) is formed, and a constant luminance distribution is formed on the light emitting surface (transverse section) of the light source 20.

  FIG.3 (c) is an example of the luminance distribution in the longitudinal cross-section of the LED element 21 (light emitting surface). In the LED element having the conventional electrode structure, the luminance distribution gradually decreases as the chip center reaches the maximum (see FIG. 4), whereas the LED element 21 has a peak on the n electrode 21f side. It can be seen that it has a luminance distribution (the maximum luminance portion is on the n-electrode 21f side) (see FIG. 3C).

  FIG. 5 is an example of a light distribution pattern for headlamps. The middle horizontal line in FIG. 5 indicates a light / dark boundary, with the dark portion at the top representing the oncoming vehicle side and the light portion at the bottom representing the road surface and sidewalk side. As shown in FIG. 5, the maximum portion of the illuminance (brightness) is preferably located immediately below the light / dark boundary portion, and the gradation shape in which the illuminance decreases as it goes down has a far visibility and road surface. The optimal light distribution for illuminance. In the LED element of the conventional electrode structure, as shown in FIG. 6, since the luminance peak is at the center of the chip, in order to satisfy the light distribution condition, it is necessary to cut and use a half area, Was wasting light.

  On the other hand, the LED element 21 of the present embodiment has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side (there is a maximum luminance part on the n-electrode 21f side) (see FIG. 3C). In addition, it is possible to form the light distribution pattern P suitable for the passing beam by using the light emission shape of the LED element 21 as it is without cutting a part of the light from the LED element. That is, without cutting part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art, the n-electrode 21f side (the part where the luminance is peak) is arranged in the maximum illuminance part of the light distribution, and the luminance gradation part is also distributed. Can be matched. For this reason, light utilization efficiency improves.

  As described above, according to the LED element 21 of the present embodiment, by devising the electrode structure, the vertical light emitting surface of the rectangular light emitting surface has a peak on the n electrode 21f side (on the n electrode 21f side). A maximum luminance portion), a luminance distribution (see FIG. 3 (c)) that gradually decreases with increasing distance from the n-electrode 21f is formed, and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. It is possible to configure the light source 20 having a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light distribution pattern.

  Further, since the LED element 21 is a horizontally long single LED element, a more uniform light emitting surface is formed as compared with a conventional case in which a plurality of LED elements are arranged in a row and are horizontally long (see FIG. 18). It becomes possible. As shown in FIG. 7, instead of a single LED element 21, a plurality of LED elements 21 may be arranged in a line.

  In addition, since the wavelength conversion layer 22 is a horizontally long single wavelength conversion layer, a plurality of LED elements arranged in a row as in the past are covered with a plurality of wavelength conversion layers corresponding to the LED elements (FIG. 18). Compared to the reference), the distribution of the phosphor particles is less likely to be biased, and color unevenness and brightness unevenness can be prevented.

[Vehicle lamp 10]
Next, the example which comprises the vehicle lamp 10 using the light source 20 of the said structure is demonstrated, referring drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a vehicular lamp 10 includes a light source 20 disposed on the front side of the vehicle, and a reflecting surface 31 serving as a projection optical system of the present invention disposed on the rear side of the vehicle. Etc.

  The light source 20 has an n electrode 21f side (a portion where the luminance is a peak) positioned on the vehicle front side, a long side 21a2 far from the n electrode 21f positioned on the vehicle rear side (that is, the reflecting surface 31 side), and It arrange | positions so that the irradiation direction (namely, the light emission surface of the said light source 20) of the said light source 20 may become downward (refer FIG.1 (b)).

  The reflecting surface 31 is a rotating paraboloid reflecting surface whose focal point is set in the vicinity of the light source 20 (for example, a so-called multi-reflector partitioned into a plurality of small reflecting regions) so that light from the light source 20 is incident thereon. The light source 20 is disposed so as to cover a range from the side to the front of the light source 20 (that is, in front of the light source 20) (see FIGS. 1A and 1B).

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the reflecting surface 31 includes a plurality of light sources of the light source 20 (the light emitting surface thereof) such that the image portion P1 ′ corresponding to the n electrode 21f (the portion where the luminance is peak) is positioned above. A plurality of light source images P1 of the light source 20 are projected on a virtual vertical screen (not shown) that projects an image P1 (one light source image P1 in FIG. 1B is illustrated) in front of the vehicle and faces the front end of the vehicle. A cut-off line (horizontal cut-off line) formed by densely arranging image portions P1 ′ corresponding to the respective n-electrodes 21f (peak portions of luminance) in a horizontal direction and an oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). The head lamp light distribution pattern P including CL1 and the oblique cut-off line CL2 (see FIG. 8) is formed.

  According to the vehicular lamp 10 of the present embodiment, since the light source 20 is disposed in the above positional relationship with respect to the reflecting surface 31 (see FIGS. 1A and 1B), a plurality of light sources of the light source 20 are used. A plurality of image portions P1 ′ corresponding to the n-electrodes 21f (portions where the luminance is a peak) of each image P1 can be densely arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution near the cut-off line (the horizontal cut-off line CL1 and the oblique cut-off line CL2) is brightest, and the illuminance decreases as it goes downward from the cut-off line. The pattern P can be formed (see FIG. 8).

  Further, according to the vehicle lamp 10 of the present embodiment, the LED element 21 has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n electrode 21f side (there is a maximum luminance portion on the n electrode 21f side) (see FIG. 3C). Therefore, it is possible to form the light distribution pattern P for the passing beam by using the light emission shape of the LED element 21 as it is without cutting a part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art (see FIG. 6). (See FIG. 8). That is, the n-electrode 21f side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged in the horizontal direction and in the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting part of the light from the LED element as in the past. Thus, the luminance gradation portion can be matched to the light distribution. For this reason, according to the vehicular lamp 10 of the present embodiment, the light utilization efficiency is improved.

[Modification 1-1]
Next, a modified example 1-1 of the vehicular lamp 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 9A is an external view of a vehicular lamp 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention (Modification 1-1), and FIG. 9B is a longitudinal sectional view.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modification is a light source 20 disposed on the front side of the vehicle and a projection optical system of the present invention disposed on the rear side of the vehicle. A reflection surface 32 and the like are provided.

  The light source 20 has a long side 21a2 far from the n-electrode 21f positioned on the front side of the vehicle, the n-electrode 21f side (part where the luminance is peak) positioned on the rear side of the vehicle (that is, the reflecting surface 31 side), and It arrange | positions so that the irradiation direction (namely, light emission surface of the said light source 20) of the said light source 20 may become upward (refer FIG.9 (b)).

  The reflecting surface 32 is a rotating paraboloid reflecting surface (for example, a so-called multi-reflector partitioned into a plurality of small reflecting regions) whose focal point is set in the vicinity of the light source 20 so that light from the light source 20 is incident thereon. The light source 20 is disposed so as to cover a range from the side to the front of the light source 20 (that is, in front of the light source 20) (see FIGS. 9A and 9B).

  As shown in FIG. 9B, the reflecting surface 32 is a plurality of light sources of the light source 20 (the light emitting surface thereof) such that the image portion P1 ′ corresponding to the n-electrode 21f (the portion where the luminance is peak) is positioned above. A plurality of light source images P1 of the light source 20 are projected on a virtual vertical screen (not shown) facing the front end of the vehicle by projecting an image P1 (one light source image P1 in FIG. 9B is illustrated) in front of the vehicle. A cut-off line (horizontal cut-off line) formed by densely arranging image portions P1 ′ corresponding to the respective n-electrodes 21f (peak portions of luminance) in a horizontal direction and an oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). The head lamp light distribution pattern P including CL1 and the oblique cut-off line CL2 (see FIG. 8) is formed.

  According to the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modified example, since the light source 20 is disposed in the above positional relationship with respect to the reflecting surface 32 (see FIGS. 9A and 9B), a plurality of light sources of the light source 20 are used. A plurality of image portions P1 ′ corresponding to the n-electrodes 21f (portions where the luminance is a peak) of each image P1 can be densely arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution near the cut-off line (the horizontal cut-off line CL1 and the oblique cut-off line CL2) is brightest, and the illuminance decreases as it goes downward from the cut-off line. The pattern P can be formed (see FIG. 8).

  Further, according to the vehicle lamp 10 of this modification, the LED element 21 has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side (there is a maximum luminance portion on the n-electrode 21f side) (see FIG. 3C). Therefore, it is possible to form the light distribution pattern P for the passing beam by using the light emission shape of the LED element 21 as it is without cutting a part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art (see FIG. 6). (See FIG. 8). That is, the n-electrode 21f side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged in the horizontal direction and in the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting part of the light from the LED element as in the past. Thus, the luminance gradation portion can be matched to the light distribution. For this reason, according to the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modification, the light use efficiency is improved.

[Modification 1-2]
Next, a modified example 1-2 of the vehicular lamp 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  Fig.10 (a) is an external view of the vehicle lamp 10 (modification 1-2) which is one Embodiment of this invention, FIG.10 (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b), the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modification is a light source 20 disposed on the front side of the vehicle and a projection optical system of the present invention disposed on the rear side of the vehicle. The reflecting surface 33 is provided.

  In the light source 20, the long side 21a2 far from the n-electrode 21f is positioned vertically upward, the n-electrode 21f side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is positioned vertically downward, and the irradiation direction of the light source 20 (that is, the The light emitting surface of the light source 20 is arranged so as to be substantially horizontal (see FIG. 10B).

  The reflecting surface 33 is a rotating paraboloid reflecting surface whose focal point is set in the vicinity of the light source 20 (for example, a so-called multi-reflector partitioned into a plurality of small reflecting regions) so that light from the light source 20 is incident thereon. The light source 20 is disposed in front of the light source 20 (see FIGS. 10A and 10B).

  As shown in FIG. 10B, the reflecting surface 33 is a plurality of light sources of the light source 20 (the light emitting surface thereof) such that the image portion P1 ′ corresponding to the n electrode 21f (the portion where the luminance is peak) is positioned above. A plurality of light source images P1 of the light source 20 are projected on a virtual vertical screen (not shown) facing the front end of the vehicle by projecting an image P1 (one light source image P1 in FIG. 10B is illustrated) in front of the vehicle. A cut-off line (horizontal cut-off line) formed by densely arranging image portions P1 ′ corresponding to the respective n-electrodes 21f (peak portions of luminance) in a horizontal direction and an oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). The head lamp light distribution pattern P including CL1 and the oblique cut-off line CL2 (see FIG. 8) is formed.

  According to the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modification, the light source 20 is arranged in the above positional relationship with respect to the reflecting surface 33 (see FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B). A plurality of image portions P1 ′ corresponding to the n-electrodes 21f (portions where the luminance is a peak) of each image P1 can be densely arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution near the cut-off line (the horizontal cut-off line CL1 and the oblique cut-off line CL2) is brightest, and the illuminance decreases as it goes downward from the cut-off line. The pattern P can be formed (see FIG. 8).

  Further, according to the vehicle lamp 10 of this modification, the LED element 21 has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side (there is a maximum luminance portion on the n-electrode 21f side) (see FIG. 3C). Therefore, it is possible to form the light distribution pattern P for the passing beam by using the light emission shape of the LED element 21 as it is without cutting a part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art (see FIG. 6). (See FIG. 8). That is, the n-electrode 21f side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged in the horizontal direction and in the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting part of the light from the LED element as in the past. Thus, the luminance gradation portion can be matched to the light distribution. For this reason, according to the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modification, the light use efficiency is improved.

[Modification 1-3]
Next, a modified example 1-3 of the vehicular lamp 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vehicular lamp 10 (modification 1-3) that is an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the vehicular lamp 10 according to the present modification includes a projection lens 34 a disposed on the front side of the vehicle, a light source 20 disposed on the rear side of the vehicle, and a light source so that light from the light source 20 is incident. 20 includes a reflecting surface 34b disposed so as to cover a range from the side 20 to the front (that is, in front of the light source 20), a shade 34c disposed between the projection lens 34a and the light source 20, and the like. The projection lens 34a, the reflecting surface 34b, and the shade 34c constitute the projection optical system of the present invention.

  The light source 20 has an n electrode 21f side (a portion where the luminance is a peak) positioned on the vehicle front side, a long side 21a2 far from the n electrode 21f positioned on the vehicle rear side (that is, the reflecting surface 31 side), and It arrange | positions so that the irradiation direction (namely, light emission surface of the said light source 20) of the said light source 20 may become upward (refer FIG.11 (b)).

  The reflecting surface 34b is a spheroid reflecting surface in which the first focal point is set in the vicinity of the light source 20 and the second focal point is set in the vicinity of the upper end edge of the shade 34c, so that the light from the light source 20 enters. It arrange | positions so that the range from the side of the light source 20 to the front may be covered (namely, in front of the light source 20) (refer FIG. 11).

  The reflecting surface 34b projects a plurality of light source images P1 of the light source 20 (the light emitting surface thereof) to the front of the vehicle so that the image portion P1 ′ corresponding to the n-electrode 21f (the portion where the luminance is a peak) is positioned above the vehicle. On a virtual vertical screen (not shown) facing the front end, an image portion P1 ′ corresponding to each of the n-electrodes 21f (the portion where the luminance is peak) of each of the plurality of light source images P1 of the light source 20 is displayed in a horizontal direction and an oblique direction. A light distribution pattern P for headlamps including a cut-off line (horizontal cut-off line CL1, oblique cut-off line CL2, see FIG. 8) formed by dense arrangement (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) is formed. It is configured.

  The shade 34c is a light shielding member for shielding a part of the reflected light from the reflective surface 34b to form a cut-off line, and the projection lens 34a and the light source with the upper end edge positioned near the focal point of the projection lens 34a. 20 is arranged.

  According to the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modified example, the light source 20 is arranged in the above positional relationship (see FIG. 11), so that the n-electrode 21f (a portion where the luminance is a peak) of each of the plurality of light source images P1 of the light source 20 A plurality of image portions P1 ′ corresponding to can be densely arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution near the cut-off line (the horizontal cut-off line CL1 and the oblique cut-off line CL2) is brightest, and the illuminance decreases as it goes downward from the cut-off line. The pattern P can be formed (see FIG. 8).

  Further, according to the vehicle lamp 10 of this modification, the LED element 21 has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side (there is a maximum luminance portion on the n-electrode 21f side) (see FIG. 3C). Therefore, without cutting a part of the light from the LED element as in the prior art (see FIG. 6), the LED element 21 can be cut only by cutting a small part of the light from the high-luminance side end of the LED element 21. It is possible to form the light distribution pattern P for the passing beam by using the light emission shape as it is (see FIG. 8). That is, the n-electrode 21f side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged horizontally and obliquely (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting up to about half of the light from the LED element as in the past. Thus, the luminance gradation portion can be matched with the light distribution. For this reason, according to the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modification, the light use efficiency is improved. In addition, according to the vehicle lamp 10 of the present modification, the energy received by the shade is reduced compared to the case where the conventional LED element is used (that is, the shade is very small from the high luminance side end of the LED element 21). Since only a part of the light hits), it is possible to reduce the amount by which the shade is heated.

[Modification 1-4]
Next, modified example 1-4 of the vehicular lamp 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vehicular lamp 10 (modification 1-4) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modification includes a projection lens 35a as the projection optical system of the present invention disposed on the front side of the vehicle, a light source 20 disposed on the rear side of the vehicle, and a projection lens 35a. A shade 35b disposed between the light source 20 and the like is provided. The projection lens 35a and the shade 35b constitute the projection optical system of the present invention.

  In the light source 20, the long side 21a2 far from the n-electrode 21f is positioned vertically upward, the n-electrode 21f side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is positioned vertically downward, and the irradiation direction of the light source 20 (that is, the The light emitting surface of the light source 20 is disposed so as to face the front side of the vehicle (see FIG. 12).

  The shade 35b is a light shielding member for shielding a part of the light from the light source 20 to form a cut-off line, and the projection lens 35a, the light source 20 and the light source 20 with the upper edge positioned near the focal point of the projection lens 35a. It is arranged between.

  According to the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modified example, the light source 20 is arranged in the above positional relationship (see FIG. 12), so that the n-electrode 21f (a portion where the luminance is a peak) of each of the plurality of light source images P1 of the light source 20 A plurality of image portions P1 ′ corresponding to can be arranged in the horizontal direction and the oblique direction (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal). As a result, the light distribution near the cut-off line (the horizontal cut-off line CL1 and the oblique cut-off line CL2) is brightest, and the illuminance decreases as it goes downward from the cut-off line. The pattern P can be formed (see FIG. 8).

  Further, according to the vehicle lamp 10 of this modification, the LED element 21 has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side (there is a maximum luminance portion on the n-electrode 21f side) (see FIG. 3C). Therefore, without cutting about half of the light from the LED element as in the prior art (see FIG. 6), only a small part of the light from the end portion on the high luminance side of the LED element 21 is cut. It is possible to form the light distribution pattern P for the passing beam by using the light emission shape as it is (see FIG. 8). That is, the n-electrode 21f side (the portion where the luminance is peak) is densely arranged horizontally and obliquely (for example, 15 ° with respect to the horizontal) without cutting up to about half of the light from the LED element as in the past. Thus, the luminance gradation portion can be matched with the light distribution. For this reason, according to the vehicular lamp 10 of the present modification, the light use efficiency is improved. In addition, according to the vehicle lamp 10 of the present modification, the energy received by the shade is reduced compared to the case where the conventional LED element is used (that is, the shade is very small from the high luminance side end of the LED element 21). Since only a part of the light hits), it is possible to reduce the amount by which the shade is heated.

[Modification 2-1]
Next, the structure (Modification 2-1) of the LED element 21 will be described with reference to the drawings. 13A is a front view (top view) of the LED element 21 (modification 2-1), FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view (side view) of the LED element 21 (modification 2-1), and FIG. (C) is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (modification 2-1) on the BB cross section in FIG.

  In the above-described embodiment and each modification, the n-electrode 21f is described as being formed in the narrow region 21a1 including one long side of the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a (see FIG. 3A). However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the n-electrode 21f may include an additional electrode 21f2 extending in the same direction as the n-electrode 21f. For example, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, an additional electrode 21f2 is formed in the middle of one long side 21a2 and the other long side 21a4 on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a. The electrode 21f2 and the n-electrode 21f are connected by an additional electrode 21f3 extending in the vertical direction. Also in this case, electrical connection such as a conductive wire for power supply from the outside is performed on the n-electrode 21f.

  According to this modification, the current supplied to the p-electrode 21d is uniformly diffused in the p-electrode 21d because the p-electrode 21d is formed over almost the entire area of the p-type semiconductor layer 21c, but the current is the shortest. Since the distance easily passes, the current distribution is concentrated on the n-electrode 21f (and the additional electrode 21f2) side (has a peak on the n-electrode 21f side) and gradually decreases as it moves away from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction (FIG. 13 (c )). On the other hand, the current supplied to the p-electrode 21d forms a constant current distribution because the n-electrode 21f and the p-electrode 21d are arranged in parallel to each other in the cross section (see FIG. 13B). .

  The active layer 21b emits light due to the current distributed in this manner, so that the LED element 21 (the light emitting surface) has the same luminance distribution as the current distribution, that is, the light emitting surface (longitudinal section) of the LED element 21. , A luminance distribution (see FIG. 13C) that has a peak on the n-electrode 21f side and gradually decreases as the distance from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction is formed. On the light-emitting surface (transverse section) of the LED element 21, A constant luminance distribution is formed.

  Therefore, by arranging the wavelength conversion layer 22 so as to cover the light emitting surface of the LED element 21 of this modification (see FIG. 2), the vertical section has a peak on the n electrode 21f side (maximum on the n electrode 21f side). There is a luminance portion), and a luminance distribution (see FIG. 13C) that gradually decreases as it moves away from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction is formed, and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. It is possible to configure the light source 20 having a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light pattern.

  Moreover, since the light source 20 including the LED element 21 of the present modification has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side similarly to the light source 20 of the above embodiment, the light source 20 including the LED element 21 of the present modification is used. Thus, the vehicular lamp 10 (see FIG. 1) and the vehicular lamp 10 (see FIGS. 9 to 12) of the modified examples 1-1 to 1-4 can be configured.

  Further, according to this modification, the LED element 21 (light source 20) is adjusted by adjusting the distance H1 (see FIG. 13A) between the n-electrode 21f and the additional electrode 21f2, the area, the number of the additional electrodes 21f2, and the like. It is possible to adjust the luminance distribution (peak position, peak width, etc.) in the vertical cross section to the target luminance distribution.

  Here, since the light distribution pattern for headlamps has a larger diffusion in the left-right direction than in the vertical direction of the light-emitting element (LED element) light source, horizontal stripes are generated in the luminance distribution of the light-emitting element (LED element). However, the occurrence of vertical stripes has less influence on light distribution unevenness (see FIG. 18). In addition, the horizontal stripe in this application is not a luminance distribution in which the luminance decreases from the upper end to the lower end, but a luminance distribution in which peaks (peaks), valleys, peaks (peaks). 18).

  Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the distance H1 (see FIG. 13A) between the n electrode 21f and the additional electrode 21f2, the area, the number, etc. of the additional electrode 21f2 to form a luminance distribution that does not cause horizontal stripes.

[Modification 2-2]
Next, the structure (Modification 2-2) of the LED element 21 will be described with reference to the drawings. 14A is a front view (top view) of the LED element 21 (Modification 2-2), FIG. 14B is a side view of the LED element 21 (Modification 2-2), and FIG. It is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (modification 2-2) in the CC cross section in Fig.14 (a).

  As shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, light from the active layer 21b (direct light from the active layer 21b or reflected light from the p-electrode 21d) is extracted from the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a. For this purpose, a plurality of structures 21a3 (referred to as micro cones) may be formed. The plurality of structures 21a3 may be convex or concave with respect to the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, an additional electrode 21f2 extending in the same direction as the n electrode 21f is formed along the long side 21a2 far from the n electrode 21f, and the n electrode 21f The additional electrode 21f2 is connected to the additional electrode 21f3 extending in the vertical direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 14A, a plurality of structures 21a3 are formed from the long side 21a2 far from the n-electrode 21f on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a so as to become denser toward the n-electrode 21f. Yes (number control). Further, since the light extraction efficiency varies depending on the size of the structure 21a3, the luminance distribution can be adjusted as appropriate by adjusting the size of the plurality of structures 21a3.

  For example, before forming the n electrode 21f, wet etching is performed by immersing the upper surface (C minus surface) of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a exposed by peeling the sapphire substrate in an alkaline solution such as KOH, A plurality of structures 21a3 can be formed. In this wet etching, for example, by using a mask whose aperture ratio is controlled so as to become dense from the long side 21a2 far from the n electrode 21f toward the n electrode 21f, the far side from the n electrode 21f is used. A plurality of structures 21a3 can be formed so as to become denser from the long side 21a2 toward the n-electrode 21f. Further, for example, by controlling the immersion time of the alkaline solution for each step, the plurality of structures 21a3 are formed so that the size increases from the long side 21a2 far from the n electrode 21f toward the n electrode 21f. Is possible.

  When forming the microcone, it is preferable to appropriately form an alkali-resistant solution protective film that prevents the KOH solution from reacting with the metal element contained in the p-type electrode layer and the adhesive layer, and the protective film is removed after wet etching. To do. A plurality of structures 21a3 can be formed also by dry etching.

  According to this modification, substantially the entire area of the active layer 21b emits light due to the current flowing from the p-electrode 21d to the n-electrode 21f (and the additional electrodes 21f2 and 21f3). More light from the active layer 21b is extracted from the n-electrode 21f side where the plurality of structures 21a3 are densely formed on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a. For this reason, on the light emitting surface (longitudinal section) of the LED element 21, a luminance distribution (see FIG. 14C) having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side and gradually decreasing as the distance from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction is formed. A constant luminance distribution is formed on the light emitting surface (cross section) of the LED element 21.

  Therefore, by arranging the wavelength conversion layer 22 so as to cover the light emitting surface of the LED element 21 of this modification (see FIG. 2), the vertical section has a peak on the n electrode 21f side (maximum on the n electrode 21f side). (There is a luminance portion), a luminance distribution (see FIG. 14 (c)) that gradually decreases with increasing distance from the n-electrode 21f is formed, and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. It is possible to configure the light source 20 having a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light pattern.

  Moreover, since the light source 20 including the LED element 21 of the present modification has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side similarly to the light source 20 of the above embodiment, the light source 20 including the LED element 21 of the present modification is used. Thus, the vehicular lamp 10 (see FIG. 1) and the vehicular lamp 10 (see FIGS. 9 to 12) of the modified examples 1-1 to 1-4 can be configured.

  In addition, according to this modification, the luminance distribution (peak position, peak width, etc.) in the longitudinal section of the LED element 21 (light source 20) is adjusted by adjusting the density, size, and the like of the plurality of structures 21a3. It is possible to adjust to the luminance distribution.

[Modification 2-3]
Next, the structure (Modification 2-3) of the LED element 21 will be described with reference to the drawings. 15A is a front view (top view) of the LED element 21 (Modification 2-3), FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view (side view) of the LED element 21 (Modification 2-3), and FIG. (C) is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (modification 2-3) in the DD section in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the n-electrode 21f may include a plurality of additional electrodes 21f2 extending in the same direction as the n-electrode 21f.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the distance from the long side 21a2 farther from the n-electrode 21f on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a becomes closer to the n-electrode 21f. A plurality of additional electrodes 21f2 are formed, and the plurality of additional electrodes 21f2 and the n-electrode 21f are connected by an additional electrode 21f3 extending in the vertical direction.

  According to this modification, the current supplied to the p-electrode 21d is uniformly diffused in the p-electrode 21d because the p-electrode 21d is formed over almost the entire area of the p-type semiconductor layer 21c, but the current is the shortest. Since it is easy to pass the distance, the n electrode 21f and the plurality of additional electrodes 21f2 are concentrated on the densely formed n electrode 21f side (having a peak on the n electrode 21f side), and gradually move away from the n electrode 21f in the vertical direction. A decreasing current distribution (substantially the same distribution as FIG. 15C) is formed. On the other hand, the current supplied to the p-electrode 21d forms a constant current distribution in the cross section.

  The active layer 21b emits light due to the current distributed in this manner, so that the LED element 21 (the light emitting surface) has the same luminance distribution as the current distribution, that is, the light emitting surface (longitudinal section) of the LED element 21. , A luminance distribution (see FIG. 15C) that has a peak on the n-electrode 21f side and gradually decreases as the distance from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction is formed. On the light-emitting surface (transverse section) of the LED element 21, A constant luminance distribution is formed.

  Therefore, by arranging the wavelength conversion layer 22 so as to cover the light emitting surface of the LED element 21 of this modification (see FIG. 2), the vertical section has a peak on the n electrode 21f side (maximum on the n electrode 21f side). A luminance distribution that gradually decreases as it moves away from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction (see FIG. 15C), and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. It is possible to configure the light source 20 having a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light pattern.

  Moreover, since the light source 20 including the LED element 21 of the present modification has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side similarly to the light source 20 of the above embodiment, the light source 20 including the LED element 21 of the present modification is used. Thus, the vehicular lamp 10 (see FIG. 1) and the vehicular lamp 10 (see FIGS. 9 to 12) of the modified examples 1-1 to 1-4 can be configured.

  Further, according to the present modification, the luminance distribution (peak position, peak) in the longitudinal section of the LED element 21 (light source 20) is adjusted by adjusting the interval between the plurality of additional electrodes 21f2, the area of the additional electrodes 21f2, the number of the additional electrodes 21f2, and the like. Can be adjusted to the target luminance distribution.

[Modification 2-4]
Next, the structure of the LED element 21 (Modification 2-4) will be described with reference to the drawings. 16A is a front view (top view) of the LED element 21 (Modification 2-4), FIG. 16B is a front view of the P electrode 21d, and FIG. 16C is a LED element 21 (Modification 2). -4) is a cross-sectional view (side view) and FIG. 16D is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (Modification 2-4) on the EE cross section in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 16 (a) and 16 (c), the n-electrode 21f includes a plurality of additional electrodes 21f2 extending in the same direction as the n-electrode 21f, and FIGS. 16 (b) and 16 (c). ), The p-electrodes 21d are alternately arranged in the same direction as the n-electrodes 21f and the high-reflectance electrodes 21d1 (corresponding to the first reflectivity electrode of the present invention) extending in the same direction as the n-electrodes 21f. An extended low reflectance electrode 21d2 (corresponding to the second reflectance electrode of the present invention) may be included. The high reflectivity electrode 21d1 is, for example, an electrode made of a metal material having a high reflectivity with respect to blue light (for example, Al is 100%). The low reflectivity electrode 21d2 is an electrode (for example, Al is 80%) made of a metal material having a reflectivity lower than that of the high reflectivity electrode 21d1.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 16 (a) and 16 (c), an n electrode 21f and a plurality of additional electrodes 21f2 are formed at substantially equal intervals, and the plurality of additional electrodes 21f2 and n electrodes 21f Are connected by an additional electrode 21f3 extending in the vertical direction. Then, as shown in FIGS. 16 (b) and 16 (c), the low reflectivity electrode 21d2 is formed so that the interval becomes denser from the n electrode 21f toward the long side 21a2 farther from the n electrode 21f. To do.

  According to this modification, substantially the entire area of the active layer 21b emits light by the current flowing from the p electrode 21d (high reflectivity electrode 21d1, low reflectivity electrode 21d2) to the n electrode 21f (and additional electrodes 21f2, 21f3). More light from the active layer 21b is extracted from the n electrode 21f side where the high reflectivity electrode 21d1 having a large vertical dimension is formed (that is, the n electrode 21f side where the low reflectivity electrode 21d2 is not densely formed). become. By controlling the reflected light in this way, the light emission surface (longitudinal section) of the LED element 21 has a peak on the n-electrode 21f side and gradually decreases as the distance from the n-electrode 21f increases in the vertical direction (see FIG. 16 (d)) is formed, and a constant luminance distribution is formed on the light emitting surface (cross section) of the LED element 21.

  Therefore, by arranging the wavelength conversion layer 22 so as to cover the light emitting surface of the LED element 21 of this modification (see FIG. 2), the vertical section has a peak on the n electrode 21f side (maximum on the n electrode 21f side). A luminance distribution that gradually decreases from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction (see FIG. 16D), and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. It is possible to configure the light source 20 having a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light pattern.

  Moreover, since the light source 20 including the LED element 21 of the present modification has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side similarly to the light source 20 of the above embodiment, the light source 20 including the LED element 21 of the present modification is used. Thus, the vehicular lamp 10 (see FIG. 1) and the vehicular lamp 10 (see FIGS. 9 to 12) of the modified examples 1-1 to 1-4 can be configured.

  Further, according to this modification, the luminance distribution (peak position, peak width, etc.) in the longitudinal section of the LED element 21 (light source 20) is adjusted by adjusting the vertical dimension of each of the reflectance electrodes 21d1, 21d2. Can be adjusted to a target luminance distribution.

  In addition, you may comprise the LED element 21 which combined this modification 2-4 and the other modification.

[Modification 2-5]
Next, the structure (Modification 2-5) of the LED element 21 will be described with reference to the drawings. 17A is a front view (top view) of the LED element 21 (Modification 2-5), FIG. 17B is a cross-sectional view (side view) of the LED element 21 (Modification 2-5), and FIG. (C) is an example of the luminance distribution of the LED element 21 (modification 2-5) on the FF cross section in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a has a plurality of high-refractive-index transparent conductive films 21B extending in the same direction as the n-electrode 21f (the first transparent film of the present invention). And a plurality of transparent conductive films 21B and a low refractive index transparent conductive film 21A (corresponding to the second transparent conductive film of the present invention) covering the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a therebetween. It may be.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 17B, the transparent conductive layer is formed so that the longitudinal dimension increases from the long side 21a2 far from the n-electrode 21f on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a toward the n-electrode 21f. A portion where the film 21A and the transparent conductive film 21B overlap is formed.

  The transparent conductive films 21A and 21B can be formed, for example, by performing the following process after the sapphire substrate peeling process. An ITO film is formed as a transparent conductive film 21B on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a exposed by peeling the sapphire substrate, by a partial sputtering method. A ZnO film is formed as a transparent conductive film 21A on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a and the ITO film. Depending on the film formation conditions, a ZnO film with a refractive index of 2.0 to 2.1 and an ITO film with a refractive index of 2.2 to 2.3 are obtained. Both the ITO film and the ZnO film are, for example, n-type made of GaN with a refractive index of about 2.7. An ohmic contact with the semiconductor layer 21a can be obtained. Next, an n-electrode 21f is formed on the surface of the transparent conductive film 21A (ZnO film surface).

  As described above, the transparent conductive films 21A and 21B can be formed on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a.

  According to this modification, substantially the entire area of the active layer 21b emits light due to the current flowing from the p-electrode 21d to the n-electrode 21f (and the transparent conductive films 21A and 21B). More light from the active layer 21b is extracted from the portion of the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer 21a where the transparent conductive film 21B and the transparent conductive film 21A overlap. The total reflection amount at the interface formed between the LED element 21 and the outside (resin, air, etc.) is formed by laminating the transparent conductive film 21B and the transparent conductive film 21A from the region covered only by the transparent conductive film 21A. It is because it becomes small in the area | region which is. For this reason, on the light emitting surface (longitudinal section) of the LED element 21, a luminance distribution (see FIG. 17C) having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side and gradually decreasing as the distance from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction is formed. A constant luminance distribution is formed on the light emitting surface (cross section) of the LED element 21. In the longitudinal section, the current distribution shown in FIG.

  Therefore, by arranging the wavelength conversion layer 22 so as to cover the light emitting surface of the LED element 21 of this modification (see FIG. 2), the vertical section has a peak on the n electrode 21f side (maximum on the n electrode 21f side). A luminance distribution (see FIG. 17C) that gradually decreases as it moves away from the n-electrode 21f in the vertical direction, and a constant luminance distribution is formed in the cross section. It is possible to configure the light source 20 having a luminance distribution suitable for forming a light pattern.

  Moreover, since the light source 20 including the LED element 21 of the present modification has a luminance distribution having a peak on the n-electrode 21f side similarly to the light source 20 of the above embodiment, the light source 20 including the LED element 21 of the present modification is used. Thus, the vehicular lamp 10 (see FIG. 1) and the vehicular lamp 10 (see FIGS. 9 to 12) of the modified examples 1-1 to 1-4 can be configured.

  Moreover, according to this modification, the luminance distribution (peak position) in the vertical cross section of the LED element 21 (light source 20) is adjusted by adjusting the vertical dimension of the portion where the transparent conductive film 21A and the transparent conductive film 21B overlap. , Peak width, etc.) can be adjusted to the desired luminance distribution.

  In the embodiment and each modification, the LED element 21 is an LED element that emits blue light, and the wavelength conversion layer 22 is a wavelength conversion layer that emits yellow light when excited by the blue light from the LED element 21. As described above, the present invention is not limited to this. As the LED element 21, an LED element that emits light of a wavelength other than blue light can be used, and as the wavelength conversion layer 22, a wavelength conversion layer that emits light of a wavelength other than yellow can be used. .

  The above embodiment is merely an example in all respects. The present invention is not construed as being limited to these descriptions. The present invention can be implemented in various other forms without departing from the spirit or main features thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Vehicle lamp, 20 ... Light source, 21 ... LED element, 21a ... n-type semiconductor layer, 21b ... Active layer, 21c ... p-type semiconductor layer, 21d ... p electrode (reflection electrode), 21d1 ... High reflectivity electrode, 21d2 ... Low reflectivity electrode, 21e ... Support substrate, 21f ... n electrode, 21g ... Back electrode, 30 ... Projection optical system

Claims (5)

An LED element and a wavelength conversion layer disposed so as to cover a light emitting surface of the LED element, and is excited by light transmitted through the wavelength conversion layer and light from the LED element among light from the LED element A light source configured to emit white light including emitted light from the wavelength conversion layer;
A projection optical system configured to form a light distribution pattern for headlamps on a virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle by projecting a light source image of the light source to the front of the vehicle;
In the vehicular lamp provided with
The LED element is
A rectangular support substrate;
A back electrode formed on one side of the support substrate;
A p-electrode as a reflective electrode formed on a surface opposite to the one surface of the support substrate;
A p-type semiconductor layer formed on the p-electrode;
An active layer formed on the p-type semiconductor layer;
An n-type semiconductor layer formed on the active layer;
An n-electrode extending in the long side direction formed in a narrow region including one long side of the n-type semiconductor layer surface;
Is a vertical LED element comprising
The projection optical system projects a plurality of light source images of the white light source to the front of the vehicle so that an image portion corresponding to the n electrode is positioned above, and on the virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle, It is configured to form a headlamp light distribution pattern including a cut-off line formed by an image portion corresponding to each of the n electrodes of a plurality of light source images of a white light source ,
The n-electrode includes an additional electrode extending in the same direction as the n-electrode,
The additional electrode is a vehicle lamp, wherein the one formed in the middle of the long side and the other long side of the n-type semiconductor layer surface. An LED element and a wavelength conversion layer disposed so as to cover a light emitting surface of the LED element, and is excited by light transmitted through the wavelength conversion layer and light from the LED element among light from the LED element A light source configured to emit white light including emitted light from the wavelength conversion layer;
A projection optical system configured to form a light distribution pattern for headlamps on a virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle by projecting a light source image of the light source to the front of the vehicle;
In the vehicular lamp provided with
The LED element is
A rectangular support substrate;
A back electrode formed on one side of the support substrate;
A p-electrode as a reflective electrode formed on a surface opposite to the one surface of the support substrate;
A p-type semiconductor layer formed on the p-electrode;
An active layer formed on the p-type semiconductor layer;
An n-type semiconductor layer formed on the active layer;
An n-electrode extending in the long side direction formed in a narrow region including one long side of the n-type semiconductor layer surface;
Is a vertical LED element comprising
The projection optical system projects a plurality of light source images of the white light source to the front of the vehicle so that an image portion corresponding to the n electrode is positioned above, and on the virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle, It is configured to form a headlamp light distribution pattern including a cut-off line formed by an image portion corresponding to each of the n electrodes of a plurality of light source images of a white light source ,
The surface of the n-type semiconductor layer includes a plurality of structures composed of concave portions or / and convex portions,
Wherein the plurality of structures, wherein the farther long side of the n-electrode, a vehicular lamp characterized in that it is formed to be dense as the toward the n electrode of the n-type semiconductor layer surface. An LED element and a wavelength conversion layer disposed so as to cover a light emitting surface of the LED element, and is excited by light transmitted through the wavelength conversion layer and light from the LED element among light from the LED element A light source configured to emit white light including emitted light from the wavelength conversion layer;
A projection optical system configured to form a light distribution pattern for headlamps on a virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle by projecting a light source image of the light source to the front of the vehicle;
In the vehicular lamp provided with
The LED element is
A rectangular support substrate;
A back electrode formed on one side of the support substrate;
A p-electrode as a reflective electrode formed on a surface opposite to the one surface of the support substrate;
A p-type semiconductor layer formed on the p-electrode;
An active layer formed on the p-type semiconductor layer;
An n-type semiconductor layer formed on the active layer;
An n-electrode extending in the long side direction formed in a narrow region including one long side of the n-type semiconductor layer surface;
Is a vertical LED element comprising
The projection optical system projects a plurality of light source images of the white light source to the front of the vehicle so that an image portion corresponding to the n electrode is positioned above, and on the virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle, It is configured to form a headlamp light distribution pattern including a cut-off line formed by an image portion corresponding to each of the n electrodes of a plurality of light source images of a white light source ,
The n electrode includes a plurality of additional electrodes extending in the same direction as the n electrode,
Wherein the plurality of additional electrodes, for vehicles, characterized in that the farther long side from the n-electrode of the n-type semiconductor layer surface, spacing as the toward the n electrode is formed so as to be dense Light fixture. An LED element and a wavelength conversion layer disposed so as to cover a light emitting surface of the LED element, and is excited by light transmitted through the wavelength conversion layer and light from the LED element among light from the LED element A light source configured to emit white light including emitted light from the wavelength conversion layer;
A projection optical system configured to form a light distribution pattern for headlamps on a virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle by projecting a light source image of the light source to the front of the vehicle;
In the vehicular lamp provided with
The LED element is
A rectangular support substrate;
A back electrode formed on one side of the support substrate;
A p-electrode as a reflective electrode formed on a surface opposite to the one surface of the support substrate;
A p-type semiconductor layer formed on the p-electrode;
An active layer formed on the p-type semiconductor layer;
An n-type semiconductor layer formed on the active layer;
An n-electrode extending in the long side direction formed in a narrow region including one long side of the n-type semiconductor layer surface;
Is a vertical LED element comprising
The projection optical system projects a plurality of light source images of the white light source to the front of the vehicle so that an image portion corresponding to the n electrode is positioned above, and on the virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle, It is configured to form a headlamp light distribution pattern including a cut-off line formed by an image portion corresponding to each of the n electrodes of a plurality of light source images of a white light source ,
The n electrode includes a plurality of additional electrodes extending in the same direction as the n electrode,
The p electrode includes a plurality of first reflectivity electrodes extending in the same direction as the n electrode, and a plurality of second reflectivity electrodes extending in the same direction as the n electrode and having a lower reflectivity than the first reflectivity electrode. And
The first reflectance electrode and the second reflectance electrode are alternately formed,
It said plurality of second reflection electrode, the n-electrode, the vehicle lamp, wherein a distance as the toward the farther long side of the n-electrode is formed so as to be dense. An LED element and a wavelength conversion layer disposed so as to cover a light emitting surface of the LED element, and is excited by light transmitted through the wavelength conversion layer and light from the LED element among light from the LED element A light source configured to emit white light including emitted light from the wavelength conversion layer;
A projection optical system configured to form a light distribution pattern for headlamps on a virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle by projecting a light source image of the light source to the front of the vehicle;
In the vehicular lamp provided with
The LED element is
A rectangular support substrate;
A back electrode formed on one side of the support substrate;
A p-electrode as a reflective electrode formed on a surface opposite to the one surface of the support substrate;
A p-type semiconductor layer formed on the p-electrode;
An active layer formed on the p-type semiconductor layer;
An n-type semiconductor layer formed on the active layer;
An n-electrode extending in the long side direction formed in a narrow region including one long side of the n-type semiconductor layer surface;
Is a vertical LED element comprising
The projection optical system projects a plurality of light source images of the white light source to the front of the vehicle so that an image portion corresponding to the n electrode is positioned above, and on the virtual vertical screen facing the front end of the vehicle, It is configured to form a headlamp light distribution pattern including a cut-off line formed by an image portion corresponding to each of the n electrodes of a plurality of light source images of a white light source ,
A plurality of first transparent conductive films formed on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer and extending in the same direction as the n-electrode;
A plurality of first transparent conductive films and a second transparent conductive film having a lower refractive index than the first transparent conductive film covering the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer therebetween,
The portion where the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film overlap has a longitudinal dimension that increases from the long side farther from the n electrode on the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer toward the n electrode. vehicle lamp, characterized in that it is formed such that.