JP5604819B2 - Method for producing resin-coated granular fertilizer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a resin-coated granular fertilizer.

  Conventionally, various fertilizer-adjustable coated fertilizers have been proposed in order to elaborate at a predetermined time in accordance with the growth of plants due to the aging of agricultural workers, the decrease in the number of workers, and the increase in part-time farmers. ing. In the past, granular fertilizers are known which are coated with resin, wax, or sulfur and encapsulated to control the elution rate of the fertilizer (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-202683

However, for resin-coated granular fertilizers, there is a known method of rolling the uncured thermosetting resin in order to coat the surface of the granular fertilizer with resin. Alternatively, since the granular fertilizer adheres to the rolling device and the like, it is not always satisfactory for efficient production of the homogeneous resin-coated granular fertilizer, and a new production method has been demanded.
An object of the present invention is to provide an excellent method for producing a resin-coated granular fertilizer.

The inventor of the present invention has found the present invention as a result of studies to find an excellent method for producing a resin-coated granular fertilizer.
That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1] A method for producing a resin-coated granular fertilizer, in which a resin coating layer containing a thermosetting resin is provided on the surface portion of the granular fertilizer,
An uncured thermosetting resin is added and mixed in a rolling state to a granular material in which liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S is held on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and uncured A production method comprising a step of curing a thermosetting resin to form a resin-coated granular material.
[2] The production method according to [1], further comprising a step of adding and mixing an uncured thermosetting resin to the resin-coated granular material in a rolling state to cure the uncured thermosetting resin.
[3] The production method according to [1] or [2], wherein the temperature in the rolling state is 60 to 80 ° C.
[4] The amount of liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S is 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the granular fertilizer [1] to [3 ] The manufacturing method as described in any one.
[5] The production method according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the addition amount of the uncured thermosetting resin is 4 to 18 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the granular fertilizer.
[6] The production method according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the uncured thermosetting resin is an uncured urethane resin or an uncured epoxy resin.
[7] The production method according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the uncured thermosetting resin is a polyester polyol and a polyisocyanate.
[8] The production method according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the granular fertilizer has an average particle diameter of 1 to 5 mm.
[9] The production method according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the resin coating layer has an average film thickness of 1 to 100 μm.
[10] The production method according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the granular fertilizer is granular urea.

  The resin-coated granular fertilizer production method of the present invention suppresses the occurrence of aggregation between particles during resin coating on the granular fertilizer and adhesion of particles to the rolling device, and provides a resin coating layer more uniformly for each particle. Therefore, the dispersion | variation in the elution pattern for every contained particle is suppressed, and a homogeneous resin-coated granular fertilizer can be provided.

The method for producing a resin-coated granular fertilizer of the present invention is a method for producing a resin-coated granular fertilizer in which a resin coating layer containing a thermosetting resin is provided on the surface portion of the granular fertilizer,
An uncured thermosetting resin is added and mixed in a rolling state to a granular material in which liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S is held on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and uncured It is a manufacturing method comprising a step of curing a thermosetting resin to form a resin-coated granular product.

  The granular fertilizer used in the present invention may be any conventional fertilizer granule, and specific examples thereof include urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, lime nitrogen, sodium nitrate, and acetaldehyde condensation. Nitrogenous fertilizers such as urea, calcined phosphate fertilizer, processed phosphate fertilizer, hydrated phosphate lime, phosphate phosphate fertilizer such as mixed phosphate fertilizer, weighted fertilizer such as potassium chloride, potassium sulfate sulfate, potassium carbonate, silicate potassium fertilizer Further, there may be mentioned a granular fertilizer obtained by granulating a mixture of these fertilizers by a method known per se, such as chemical fertilizers such as phosphoric acid potassium fertilizer, nitrate potassium fertilizer and nitrate potassium fertilizer, or organic fertilizers. Although there is no limitation in particular in the particle size of a granular fertilizer, it is the range of 0.1-15 mm normally, and it is a preferable range on manufacture that it is 1-5 mm. In addition, examples of the shape of the granular fertilizer include a spherical shape and a cylindrical shape. From the point of homogeneity of the coating layer formed on the surface of the granular fertilizer by curing an uncured thermosetting resin, the shape is spherical. Is preferred.

The liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S used in the present invention is a liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity determined by the measurement method defined in Japanese Industrial Standard JIS K2283 as described above. is there. As the liquid paraffin used in the present invention, for example, Moresco White P-350P (kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. 75.5 mm ² / S, Matsumura Oil Research Co., Ltd.), Moresco White P-260 (37. Dynamic viscosity at 78 ° C. 56.0 mm ² / S, Matsumura Oil Research Co., Ltd.).
The liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S is usually held at a ratio of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the granular fertilizer.

In the present invention, the granular fertilizer in which the liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity of 50 to 90 mm ² / S at 37.78 ° C. is held on the surface of the granular fertilizer refers to the granular fertilizer in a rolling state in advance. It can be produced by adding liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S and maintaining the rolling state so that the liquid paraffin is uniformly held on the surface of each particle of the granular fertilizer. . Moreover, after mixing a granular fertilizer and the liquid paraffin whose dynamic viscosity in 37.78 degreeC is 50-90 mm < ² > / S, it can manufacture also by attaching | subjecting this mixture to a rolling state. Since the granular material becomes a rolling state by any of the methods described above, the uncured thermosetting resin can be added and mixed next while maintaining the rolling state.
The temperature applied to the surface of the granular fertilizer by a method for producing a granular material in which liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S is maintained is 37.78 ° C. The kinematic viscosity can be set as appropriate depending on the degree of mixing with the liquid paraffin having a viscosity of 50 to 90 mm ² / S, but is usually about 40 to 100 ° C., preferably about 60 to 80 ° C.

  As a method for setting the rolling state, the apparatus is not particularly limited, and a known and conventional one can be used. For example, a rotating pan, a rotating drum, and the like can be exemplified. In addition, what installed the heating equipment in this apparatus is suitable for the precision improvement and adjustment of processing time in the manufacturing method of this invention.

  Examples of the thermosetting resin for forming the resin coating layer by curing the uncured thermosetting resin used in the present invention include an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a phenol resin, an alkyd resin, a xylene resin, Examples include melamine resin, furan resin, and silicone resin.

  The case where the thermosetting resin forming the resin coating layer is a urethane resin will be further described. The urethane resin is a general term for resins three-dimensionally cross-linked by reacting a polyisocyanate compound and a polyol compound. The uncured urethane resin used as a kind of uncured thermosetting resin in the invention is a mixture of the polyisocyanate compound and the polyol compound, and has not been allowed to react at all or has not been three-dimensionalized in advance. This is a product obtained by curing the part. It is also a useful technique to add a catalyst for promoting the curing reaction. The form of the uncured thermosetting resin may be any of a solventless type, a solution type, a water-based emulsion type, etc., but a solventless type and a liquid at the processing temperature are particularly suitable.

  Examples of polyisocyanate compounds include aromatic isocyanate compounds. Specific examples of the aromatic isocyanate compound include 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), tolidine diisocyanate (TODI), tetramethylene xylylene diisocyanate ( Examples thereof include compounds having two isocyanate groups and a benzene ring such as TMXDI), and compounds having two isocyanate groups and a naphthalene ring such as naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate (NDI).

  Examples of polyol compounds include polyhydric alcohols, amino alcohols, amines as initiators, polyether polyols obtained by polyaddition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; polymerization of tetrahydrofuran Polyethermethylene such as polytetramethylene ether obtained; polyesterpolyol obtained by a method such as reacting polyhydric alcohol, polyetherpolyol and carboxylic acid compound; It is done. In consideration of biodegradability, it is also possible to use natural products containing OH groups or modified products thereof.

Among the polyol compounds, examples of the polyester polyol include polycaprolactone polyol obtained by ring-opening polymerization of a low molecular polyol and ε-caprolactone.
The polycaprolactone polyol differs in the type of polycaprolactone obtained depending on the type of low molecular polyol used as a raw material and the polymerization degree of ε-caprolactone. A typical structure of a polycaprolactone polyol (polycaprolactone diol or polycaprolactone triol) having 2 or 3 hydroxyl groups in one molecule is shown below. The polycaprolactone polyol has one or more (1-oxohexa-1,6-diyl) oxy structures (—C (═O) —CH ₂ —CH ₂ —CH ₂ —CH ₂ —CH ₂ —O—) in the molecule. It has a polyol.

〔上記の式中、ｍは０以上の整数、ｎは１以上の整数、Ｒ¹は２価の有機残基（例えば、エチレン基等）を表す。〕

[In the above formula, m represents an integer of 0 or more, n represents an integer of 1 or more, and R ¹ represents a divalent organic residue (for example, ethylene group). ]

〔上記の式中、ｍおよびｐは０以上の整数、ｎは１以上の整数、Ｒ²は３価の有機残基（例えば、プロパン−１，２，３−トリイル基）を表す。〕

[In the above formula, m and p are integers of 0 or more, n is an integer of 1 or more, and R ² represents a trivalent organic residue (for example, propane-1,2,3-triyl group). ]

このポリカプロラクトンポリオールにおけるオキシカルボニル［−Ｏ−Ｃ（＝Ｏ）−］部分構造の重量割合は３５％である。
（４４×６）／（６２＋１１４×６）＝０．３５４
〔ε−カプロラクトン及びエチレングリコールの分子量はそれぞれ１１４及び６２であり、オキシカルボニル部分構造は分子量換算で４４であるとした。〕
また、このポリカプロラクトンポリオールにおける水酸基当量は３７３である。
（６２＋１１４×６）／２＝３７３
〔ポリカプロラクトンポリオールの分子量を水酸基の数の２で除した。〕 For example, the structure of polycaprolactone polyol obtained by ring-opening polymerization of 6 molecules of ε-caprolactone to 1 molecule of ethylene glycol is, for example, the following structure.

The weight ratio of the oxycarbonyl [—O—C (═O) —] partial structure in this polycaprolactone polyol is 35%.
(44 × 6) / (62 + 114 × 6) = 0.354
[The molecular weights of ε-caprolactone and ethylene glycol were 114 and 62, respectively, and the oxycarbonyl partial structure was 44 in terms of molecular weight. ]
Moreover, the hydroxyl equivalent in this polycaprolactone polyol is 373.
(62 + 114 × 6) / 2 = 373
[The molecular weight of polycaprolactone polyol was divided by 2 of the number of hydroxyl groups. ]

  Examples of the low molecular polyol used as a raw material in the production of polycaprolactone polyol include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, and 1,8-octane. Diol compounds such as diol, and 2-ethyl-2- (hydroxymethyl) -1,3-propanediol (trimethylolpropane), 2- (hydroxymethyl) -1,3-propanediol, glycerin and triethanolamine And triol compounds such as

  Among the polyol compounds, an OH group-containing natural product used in consideration of biodegradability, or a modified product thereof includes, for example, castor oil. As the polyol compound, polyester polyol and / or polyether polyol and castor are used. By using oil, it is possible to form a urethane resin coating layer excellent in elution suppression and biodegradability as a resin-coated granular fertilizer.

Further, the case where the thermosetting resin forming the resin coating layer is an epoxy resin will be further described. Examples of the epoxy resin include a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a bisphenol F type epoxy resin, a fatty acid-modified epoxy resin, and a phenol compound. Examples thereof include modified epoxy resins, mono- or polyfunctional glycidyl ethers of polyfunctional alcohols, mono- or polyfunctional glycidyl esters of polyfunctional carboxylic acids, and the like.
Examples of commercially available epoxy resins include jER (registered trademark) 815, 828, 834, 1001, 1004, 1007, and 1009 manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin; Epototo YD127 manufactured by Tobu Kasei Co., Ltd. 128, 134, 171, 172, 715, 715, 716, 011, 014, 017, 019, Epototo YDF170, 180, Epototo YDPN638; Denacol EX810, 211, 212, 721, 313, 321, 421, 512, and 611.

In the production method of the resin-coated granular fertilizer of the present invention, in the rolling state, the granular fertilizer has a liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S held on the surface of the granular fertilizer. An uncured thermosetting resin is added and mixed, and a rolling state is maintained to cure the uncured thermosetting resin to form a resin-coated granular material (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “step A”). .
The granular material in which the liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S used in the process is retained in the rolling state as it is produced in the rolling state by the method described above. Can be used while maintaining The process is such that, in the rolling state, the granular fertilizer surface is subjected to uncured thermosetting with respect to a granular material in which liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S is held. The temperature is set appropriately depending on the type of uncured thermosetting resin, the size of the granular material, etc. The temperature in the rotating tank in the rolling state is in the range of 40 to 100 ° C, preferably in the range of 60 to 80 ° C. In addition, the rolling state after the addition of the uncured thermosetting resin is maintained to such an extent that the uncured thermosetting resin is cured and the resin-coated granular material does not cause adhesion between particles. Is about 1 to 30 minutes, and about 1 to 10 minutes from the viewpoint of production efficiency.

In the method for producing a resin-coated granular fertilizer of the present invention, the resin-coated granular material obtained in the above-described step can be taken out and used as it is as a resin-coated granular fertilizer. By performing the step of curing the uncured thermosetting by maintaining the addition and mixing of the uncured thermosetting resin in the rolling state and the rolling state (hereinafter may be referred to as Step B), The film thickness of the resin coating layer can be adjusted.
In this step, the resin-coated granular material produced in the rolling state in the previous step can be used by maintaining the rolling state as it is. The uncured thermosetting resin used in this step may be the same as or different from the uncured thermosetting resin used in the previous step. Resin is used.
The temperature in this step is appropriately set according to the type of uncured thermosetting resin, the size of the resin-coated granular material, etc., but the temperature in the rotating tank that is normally in a rolling state is 40 to 40. It is in the range of 100 ° C, preferably in the range of 60 to 80 ° C. In addition, the rolling state after the addition of the uncured thermosetting resin is maintained to such an extent that the uncured thermosetting resin is cured and the resin-coated granular material does not cause adhesion between particles. Is about 1 to 30 minutes, and about 1 to 10 minutes from the viewpoint of production efficiency.

  The amount of the uncured thermosetting resin used in the method for producing the resin-coated granular fertilizer of the present invention is appropriately determined depending on the size and shape of the granular fertilizer used and the degree of elution control required for the resin-coated granular fertilizer to be produced. Although it is set, it is the total amount of uncured thermosetting resin used in Step A and Step B that is performed as necessary, and usually about 2 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of granular fertilizer. The average film thickness of the resin coating layer in the resin-coated granular fertilizer produced by the present invention is usually about 1 to 100 μm.

  In the present invention, when the uncured thermosetting resin is an uncured urethane resin, the reaction rate can be accelerated by further adding a catalyst to the mixture of the polyisocyanate compound and the polyol compound. . Such catalysts include, for example, potassium acetate, calcium acetate, stannous octoate, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dichloride, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutylthiotinic acid, octylic acid first tin, di-n-octyltin dilaurate, isopropyl Organic metals such as titanate, bismuth 2-ethylhexanoate, phosphine, Zn neodecanoate, triethylamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine, triethylenediamine, N-methylmorpholine, N, N-dimethyldidodecyl Amine, N-dodecylmorpholine, N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, N-ethylmorpholine, dimethylethanolamine, N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, tetrabutyl titanate, oxyisopropyl vana Over DOO, n- propyl zirconate, 2,4,6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) include amine catalysts such as phenol.

  EXAMPLES Next, although an Example, such as a manufacture example, demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited only to these examples.

Production Example 1
Polycaprolactone polyol having an average molecular weight of 1200 (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, trade name: Placcel 212) Castor oil (manufactured by Toyokuni Seisakusho, trade name: No. 1 for industry) Castor oil) 1308.5 g and 1,4-butanediol (BASF Idemitsu, trade name: 1,4-BDO) 279.5 g were mixed to obtain a polyol mixture.
On the other hand, after 50000 g of granular urea (large urea, particle size of about 3 mm, spherical shape, about 60 particles per gram) is placed in a rotating tank and brought into a rolling state, the granular urea is heated to about 66 ° C. with hot air. , Liquid paraffin (manufactured by Matsumura Oil Research Co., Ltd., trade name: Moresco White P-350P, kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C .: 76 mm ² / S) 500 g was added and the rolling state was continued for 10 minutes. A granular material having the liquid paraffin retained on the surface was prepared. While maintaining the rolling state, 689.4 g of the polyol mixture heated to 70 ° C., and 310.7 g of aromatic diisocyanate (made by Sumika Bayer Urethane, trade name: Sumidur 44S) heated to 70 ° C. The uncured polyurethane was rapidly stirred and mixed, and the rolling state was maintained under heating conditions for 8 minutes or longer. Furthermore, the addition of the uncured polyurethane and the maintenance of the rolling state under heating conditions were repeated until the total amount of uncured urethane resin reached 5000.5 g. Then, it cooled to room temperature vicinity and obtained the urethane resin coating granular fertilizer.
Throughout the manufacturing process, no significant aggregation of the granular materials and adhesion of the granular materials to the inner wall of the rotating tank were observed, and the rolling state of the granular materials in the rotating tank was good.

Production Example 2
As liquid paraffin, in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that Moresco White P-260 (manufactured by Matsumura Oil Research Laboratory, kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C .: 56 mm ² / S) was used instead of Moresco White P-350P. The urethane resin-coated granular fertilizer was obtained.
Throughout the manufacturing process, no significant aggregation of the granular materials and adhesion of the granular materials to the inner wall of the rotating tank were observed, and the rolling state of the granular materials in the rotating tank was good.

Comparative production example 1
As liquid paraffin, in place of Moresco White P-350P, Moresco White P-200 (manufactured by Matsumura Oil Research Laboratory, kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C .: 43 mm ² / S) was used, as in Production Example 1. The urethane resin-coated granular fertilizer was obtained.
Throughout the manufacturing process, the generation of aggregated aggregates of remarkable granular materials and the occurrence of remarkable granular materials adhering to the inner wall of the rotating tank were observed.

Claims (10)

A method for producing a resin-coated granular fertilizer in which a resin coating layer containing a thermosetting resin is provided on the surface portion of the granular fertilizer,
An uncured thermosetting resin is added and mixed in a rolling state to a granular material in which liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C. of 50 to 90 mm ² / S is held on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and uncured A production method comprising a step of curing a thermosetting resin to form a resin-coated granular material.   The production method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of adding and mixing an uncured thermosetting resin in a rolling state to the resin-coated granular material to cure the uncured thermosetting resin.   The manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature in the rolling state is 60 to 80 ° C. The amount of liquid paraffin having a kinematic viscosity at 37.78 ° C of 50 to 90 mm ² / S is 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the granular fertilizer. The manufacturing method as described.   The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the addition amount of the uncured thermosetting resin is 4 to 18 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the granular fertilizer.   The production method according to claim 1, wherein the uncured thermosetting resin is an uncured urethane resin or an uncured epoxy resin.   The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the uncured thermosetting resin is a polyester polyol and a polyisocyanate.   The average particle diameter of granular fertilizer is 1-5 mm, The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-7.   The average film thickness of a resin coating layer is 1-100 micrometers, The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-8.   The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the granular fertilizer is granular urea.