JP5600995B2 - Tapered roller bearing - Google Patents

Tapered roller bearing Download PDF

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JP5600995B2
JP5600995B2 JP2010076969A JP2010076969A JP5600995B2 JP 5600995 B2 JP5600995 B2 JP 5600995B2 JP 2010076969 A JP2010076969 A JP 2010076969A JP 2010076969 A JP2010076969 A JP 2010076969A JP 5600995 B2 JP5600995 B2 JP 5600995B2
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small
diameter side
tapered roller
diameter
tapered
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JP2011208725A (en
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章之 鈴木
了介 中堂
雅敏 伊藤
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JTEKT Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/467—Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or roller retaining means
    • F16C33/4682—Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or roller retaining means of the end walls, e.g. interaction with the end faces of the rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/54—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal
    • F16C33/542—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal made from sheet metal
    • F16C33/543—Cages for rollers or needles made from wire, strips, or sheet metal made from sheet metal from a single part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F16C43/06—Placing rolling bodies in cages or bearings
    • F16C43/065—Placing rolling bodies in cages or bearings in cages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F16C43/06—Placing rolling bodies in cages or bearings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Description

この発明は円すいころ軸受に関する。   The present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing.

従来、車両のディファレンシャル装置等に用いられる円すいころ軸受は、燃費向上のため低トルク化が求められている。
そこで、円すいころ軸受内に流入する潤滑油の流入量を制限することで低トルク化の向上を図るため、図１２に示すように、円すいころ軸受の内輪５１０に、その小つば５１５から小径側延長部５１７を軸方向外方へ延長して形成する。一方、保持器５４０の小径側環状部５４２の小径端縁に、内輪５１０の小径側延長部５１７の外周面に向けて僅かな隙間Ｓ’をもって小径側鍔部５４５を形成することによって、潤滑油の流入量を制限することが同一出願人によって開発されつつある。
このような円すいころ軸受において、図１３に示すように、円すいころ軸受の組立装置によって、内輪５１０と、複数の円すいころ５３０と、保持器５４０とを組み立てる場合、先ず、ころ組立テーブル５５０の保持用テーパ孔５５１と、ころ開き治具５６０との間に、保持器５４０の小径側鍔部５４５を下向きにしてセットする。
次に、ころ投入装置（図示しない）から複数の円すいころ５３０を、その小端面５３３を下向きにして開き治具５６０と保持器５４０との間に投入した後、ころ開き治具５６０を回転中心線（鉛直線）回りに回転することによって、各円すいころ５３０を保持器５４０の複数のポケット５４３を通してころ保持用テーパ孔５５１の内周面に沿って倒す。
その後、ころ開き治具５６０上に載置された内輪５１０が開き治具５６０と共に下降され複数の円すいころ５３０の配列内に挿通される。そして、内輪５１０の大つば５１２と小つば５１５との間に複数の円すいころ５３０を配置した状態で、保持器５４０を縮径させることで、内輪５１０と、複数の円すいころ５３０と、保持器５４０とを組み立てている（図１２参照）。
また、円すいころ軸受において、保持器のポケットに、自重によって円すいころを組立る点については、例えば、特許文献１に開示されている。
これにおいては、保持器の小径側鍔部の端部内側に、円すいころの小端面のピッチ円よりも内径側になる突起部を設けている。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, tapered roller bearings used for vehicle differential devices and the like have been required to have low torque for improving fuel efficiency.
Therefore, in order to improve the torque reduction by restricting the inflow amount of the lubricating oil flowing into the tapered roller bearing, as shown in FIG. 12, the inner ring 510 of the tapered roller bearing is connected to the small diameter side from the small collar 515. The extension portion 517 is formed by extending outward in the axial direction. On the other hand, by forming a small-diameter side flange 545 with a slight gap S ′ toward the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter side extension 517 of the inner ring 510 at the small-diameter end edge of the small-diameter-side annular portion 542 of the cage 540, lubricating oil Limiting the amount of inflow is being developed by the same applicant.
In such a tapered roller bearing, as shown in FIG. 13, when the inner ring 510, the plurality of tapered rollers 530, and the cage 540 are assembled by the tapered roller bearing assembling apparatus, first, the roller assembly table 550 is held. The taper hole 551 and the roller opening jig 560 are set with the small-diameter side flange 545 of the cage 540 facing downward.
Next, a plurality of tapered rollers 530 are introduced from a roller feeding device (not shown) between the opening jig 560 and the retainer 540 with the small end surface 533 facing downward, and then the roller opening jig 560 is rotated about the rotation center. By rotating around a line (vertical line), each tapered roller 530 is brought down along the inner peripheral surface of the roller holding taper hole 551 through the plurality of pockets 543 of the cage 540.
Thereafter, the inner ring 510 placed on the roller opening jig 560 is lowered together with the opening jig 560 and inserted into the array of the plurality of tapered rollers 530. Then, in a state where the plurality of tapered rollers 530 are disposed between the large collar 512 and the small collar 515 of the inner ring 510, the diameter of the cage 540 is reduced, so that the inner ring 510, the plurality of tapered rollers 530, and the cage 540 (see FIG. 12).
Moreover, in the tapered roller bearing, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a tapered roller is assembled in a pocket of a cage by its own weight.
In this case, a protrusion is provided on the inner side of the end portion of the small-diameter side flange of the cage, which is on the inner diameter side of the pitch circle of the small end surface of the tapered roller.

特開平８−１７７８５１号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-177851

ところで、図１２に示す円すいころ軸受において、組立テーブル５５０の保持用テーパ孔５５１と、ころ開き治具５６０との間に、保持器５４０と複数の円すいころ５３０とが配置された後、ころ開き治具５６０が回転して複数の円すいころ５３０が保持用テーパ孔５５１の内周面に沿って倒される際、複数の円すいころ５３０のうち、例えば一つ円すいころ５３０ａが保持用テーパ孔５５１の内周面に跳ね返って起立状態に戻る場合がある。
この場合には、複数の円すいころ５３０の配設円の中心側に内輪５１０が挿通される際に、図１４に示すように、開き治具５６０と共に下降された内輪５１０の小つば５１５が起立状態にある円すいころ５３０ａの大端面５３２に衝突して組立不能となる。
また、特許文献１に開示された円すいころ軸受においては、保持器の小径側の鍔部の内径寸法が内輪の小つばの外径寸法よりも大きく設定される。このため、保持器の小径側鍔部に突起部を設けても円すいころの小端面に接触不能となる。
すなわち、図に示す円すいころ軸受においては、特許文献１に開示された発明を採用することができない。 By the way, in the tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. 12, after the retainer 540 and the plurality of tapered rollers 530 are disposed between the holding taper hole 551 of the assembly table 550 and the roller opening jig 560, the roller opening is performed. When the jig 560 rotates and the plurality of tapered rollers 530 are tilted along the inner peripheral surface of the holding taper hole 551, for example, one of the plurality of tapered rollers 530 has one tapered roller 530 a of the holding taper hole 551. There is a case where it bounces back to the inner peripheral surface and returns to a standing state.
In this case, when the inner ring 510 is inserted into the center of the arrangement circle of the plurality of tapered rollers 530, as shown in FIG. 14, the collar 515 of the inner ring 510 lowered together with the opening jig 560 is raised. It collides with the large end surface 532 of the tapered roller 530a in a state and cannot be assembled.
Further, in the tapered roller bearing disclosed in Patent Document 1, the inner diameter dimension of the flange on the small diameter side of the cage is set larger than the outer diameter dimension of the small collar of the inner ring. For this reason, even if a protrusion is provided on the small-diameter side flange of the cage, it is impossible to contact the small end surface of the tapered roller.
That is, in the tapered roller bearing shown in the figure, the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot be adopted.

この発明の目的は、前記問題点に鑑み、円すいころ軸受の組立性の向上を図ることができる円すいころ軸受を提供することである。   In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a tapered roller bearing capable of improving the assemblability of the tapered roller bearing.

前記課題を解決するために、この発明の請求項１に係る円すいころ軸受は、輪と、外輪と、複数個の円すいころと、保持器とを備えた円すいころ軸受であって、
前記内輪は、その内輪軌道面の大径側端部に前記複数個の円すいころの大端面を案内する大つばが形成され、前記内輪軌道面の小径側端部に前記複数個の円すいころの小端面を案内する小つばが形成され、
前記保持器は、大径側環状部と、小径側環状部と、これら両環状部を連結しかつ前記複数個の円すいころをそれぞれ保持するためのポケットを区画形成する複数の柱部とを有し、
前記ポケットの小径側端部には、前記円すいころの小端面が下向きをなす姿勢で、前記円すいころの小端面のうち、同円すいころの重心位置よりも前記保持器の内径側に位置する部分に接触可能なころ接触部が形成され、
前記ころ接触部は、前記保持器の小径側が下に位置し、かつ中心線が鉛直線をなす姿勢で、前記ポケットの小径側端部が、外周側よりも内周側が高くなる傾斜面に形成され、この傾斜面によって構成されていることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, a tapered roller bearing according to claim 1 of the present invention is a tapered roller bearing including a ring, an outer ring, a plurality of tapered rollers, and a cage,
The inner ring is formed with a large brim for guiding the large end surfaces of the plurality of tapered rollers at the large diameter side end portion of the inner ring raceway surface, and the plurality of tapered rollers at the small diameter side end portion of the inner ring raceway surface. A small brim that guides the small end face is formed,
The cage includes a large-diameter side annular portion, a small-diameter side annular portion, and a plurality of pillar portions that connect the both annular portions and define pockets for holding the plurality of tapered rollers. And
A portion of the small-diameter side end portion of the pocket is positioned such that the small end surface of the tapered roller faces downward, and the small end surface of the tapered roller is located closer to the inner diameter side of the retainer than the center of gravity of the tapered roller. roller contact portion capable of contacting is formed,
The roller contact portion is formed in an inclined surface in which the small diameter side of the cage is positioned below and the center line is a vertical line, and the small diameter side end of the pocket is higher on the inner peripheral side than on the outer peripheral side. It is characterized by being constituted by this inclined surface .

前記構成によると、円すいころ軸受の組立装置によって、内輪と、複数の円すいころと、保持器とを組み立てる場合、ころ投入装置から複数の円すいころが開き治具と保持器との間に投入され、開き治具が回転されると、ポケットの小径側端部のころ接触部に、円すいころの小端面が接触して、全ての円すいころが保持器の複数のポケットを通してころ保持用テーパ孔の内周面に沿って倒れ、この状態に保たれる。
前記したように、保持器のポケットの小径側端縁のころ接触部でころの小端面を押す構成によって、全ての円すいころをころ保持用テーパ孔の内周面に沿って倒すことができる、ころの倒れ不良や跳ね返り等によってころが想定外の姿勢となる不具合を防止することができる。
このため、開き治具と共に下降された内輪の小つばが円すいころの大端面に衝突することなく良好に挿通される。
この結果、起立状態の円すいころが原因となる組立不能を解消することができ、組立性の向上を図ることができる。
また、ポケットの小径側端部を傾斜面に形成することによって、ころ接触部を容易に形成することができる。
また、保持器が薄肉鋼板製である場合には、ポケットを打ち抜き加工する工程で小径側端部を傾斜面に打ち抜くことが可能となる。 According to the above configuration, when the inner ring, the plurality of tapered rollers, and the cage are assembled by the tapered roller bearing assembly device, the plurality of tapered rollers are inserted between the opening jig and the cage from the roller feeding device. When the opening jig is rotated, the small end surface of the tapered roller comes into contact with the roller contact portion at the small-diameter side end of the pocket, and all the tapered rollers pass through the plurality of pockets of the cage to form the roller holding taper holes. It falls along the inner peripheral surface and is kept in this state.
As described above, all the tapered rollers can be brought down along the inner peripheral surface of the roller holding taper hole by the configuration in which the roller contact portion at the small-diameter side edge of the pocket of the cage is pressed. It is possible to prevent a problem that the roller is in an unexpected posture due to a bad fall of the roller or rebounding.
For this reason, the small brim of the inner ring lowered together with the opening jig is inserted well without colliding with the large end face of the tapered roller.
As a result, the inability to assemble due to the standing tapered roller can be eliminated, and the assemblability can be improved.
In addition, the roller contact portion can be easily formed by forming the small-diameter side end portion of the pocket on the inclined surface.
Further, when the cage is made of a thin steel plate, it is possible to punch the small-diameter side end portion into the inclined surface in the step of punching the pocket.

請求項２に係る円すいころ軸受は、請求項１に記載の円すいころ軸受であって、
内輪の小径側端部には、小つばから軸方向外方へ延長された小径側延長部が形成される一方、
保持器の小径側環状部の小径側端縁には、前記内輪の小径側延長部の外周面に向けて僅かな隙間をもって対向することで潤滑油の流量を制限する小径側鍔部が形成されていることを特徴とする。 The tapered roller bearing according to claim 2 is the tapered roller bearing according to claim 1,
On the small diameter side end of the inner ring, a small diameter side extension extending from the small brim to the axial direction outward is formed,
A small-diameter flange that limits the flow rate of the lubricating oil is formed on the small-diameter side end edge of the small-diameter-side annular portion of the cage by facing the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter-side extension of the inner ring with a slight gap. It is characterized by.

前記構成によると、保持器の小径側鍔部が内輪の小径側延長部の外周面に向けて僅かな隙間をもって対向することで潤滑油の流量を制限することができ、低トルク化の向上を図ることができる。
また、保持器の小径側端縁に、内輪の小径側延長部との間に僅かな隙間をもつ小径側鍔部を形成した場合、ころ開き治具を必然的に小径側鍔部の内径寸法よりも小さくしなければならない。このため、保持器の小径側端縁の内径が内輪の小鍔部よりも大きい場合に比べ、ころ開き治具の外径寸法が小さくなり、ころがより倒れ難くなる。ひいては、組み付け性の問題が特に発生しやすいが、保持器のポケットの小径側端縁のころ接触部でころの小端面を押す構成によって、全ての円すいころをころ保持用テーパ孔の内周面に沿って倒すことができ、組み付け性の向上を図ることができる。 According to the above configuration, the flow rate of the lubricating oil can be limited by the small-diameter side flange portion of the cage facing the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter side extension portion of the inner ring with a slight gap, thereby improving the reduction in torque. Can be planned.
In addition, when a small-diameter flange with a slight gap between the inner ring and the small-diameter side extension of the inner ring is formed on the small-diameter side edge of the cage, the inner diameter dimension of the small-diameter side flange is inevitably required. Must be smaller than. For this reason, compared with the case where the inner diameter of the small-diameter side edge of the cage is larger than the small collar portion of the inner ring, the outer diameter dimension of the roller opening jig becomes smaller and the rollers are more difficult to fall. As a result, the problem of assembly is particularly likely to occur, but the inner peripheral surface of the tapered roller hole for holding all tapered rollers is configured by pressing the small end surface of the roller at the roller contact portion of the small diameter side edge of the cage pocket. It can be defeated along and can improve the assemblability.

請求項３に係る円すいころ軸受は、請求項１又は２に記載の円すいころ軸受であって、
ころ接触部は、ポケットの小径側端部が内径方向へ突出されて形成された突出片によって構成されていることを特徴とする。 The tapered roller bearing according to claim 3 is the tapered roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2,
The roller contact portion is formed by a protruding piece formed by protruding a small-diameter side end portion of the pocket in the inner diameter direction.

前記構成によると、ポケットの小径側端部に突出片を形成することによってころ接触部を容易に形成することができる。
また、保持器が薄肉鋼板製である場合には、ポケットを打ち抜き加工する工程で、打ち抜き方向と同方向にころ接触部を構成する突出片を曲げ加工することで容易に形成することができる。 According to the said structure, a roller contact part can be easily formed by forming a protrusion piece in the small diameter side edge part of a pocket.
Further, when the cage is made of a thin steel plate, it can be easily formed by bending a protruding piece constituting the roller contact portion in the same direction as the punching direction in the step of punching the pocket.

請求項４に係る円すいころ軸受は、請求項１又は２に記載の円すいころ軸受であって、
ころ接触部は、保持器の小径部側部分が段差状をなして小径に絞られ、その絞られた小径筒部にポケットの小径側端部が形成され、この小径側端部によって構成されていることを特徴とする。 The tapered roller bearing according to claim 4 is the tapered roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2,
The roller contact portion is formed by a small-diameter side end portion of the pocket formed on the small-diameter cylindrical portion of the narrow-diameter cylindrical portion of the narrow-diameter portion of the cage. It is characterized by being.

前記構成によると、保持器の小径部側部分に段差状をなして小径に絞られた小径筒部に、ポケットの小径側端部を形成することによって、ころ接触部を容易に形成することができる。   According to the above configuration, the roller contact portion can be easily formed by forming the small-diameter side end portion of the pocket in the small-diameter cylindrical portion that is stepped in the small-diameter portion side portion of the cage and narrowed to a small diameter. it can.

この発明の実施例１に係る円すいころ軸受を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the tapered roller bearing which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 同じく内、外輪と円すいころと保持器との組立状態を拡大して示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and similarly shows the assembly state of an inner ring, an outer ring, a tapered roller and a cage. 同じく保持器の一部を破断して示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of cage similarly. 同じく円すいころ軸受の組立装置の組立テーブルにセットされた保持器に対し複数の円すいころが投入された状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state by which the several tapered roller was thrown into the holder | retainer set to the assembly table of the assembly apparatus of the tapered roller bearing similarly. 同じくころ開き治具によって複数の円すいころがころ保持用テーパ孔に沿って倒された状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state by which the several tapered roller was fallen along the taper hole for roller holding | maintenance similarly by the roller opening jig | tool. 同じく円すいころがころ保持用テーパ孔に沿って倒された状態にあるときの保持器のころ接触部に円すいころの小端面が接触されて円すいころが傾倒位置に保持された状態を拡大して示す説明図である。Similarly, when the tapered roller is in a state of being tilted along the roller holding taper hole, the state where the small end surface of the tapered roller is brought into contact with the roller contact portion of the cage and the tapered roller is held in the tilted position is enlarged. It is explanatory drawing shown. 同じくころ開き治具の上面に内輪が載置された状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state by which the inner ring | wheel was similarly mounted in the upper surface of a roller opening jig | tool. 同じくころ開き治具と共に内輪が下降された状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state by which the inner ring | wheel was similarly lowered | hung with the roller opening jig | tool. 同じく保持器が縮径加工されて内輪の大つばと小つばとの間に複数の円すいころが組み立てられた状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state by which the diameter reduction process of the cage | basket was similarly carried out, and the some tapered roller was assembled between the large collar and the small collar of an inner ring | wheel. この発明の実施例２に係る保持器のころ接触部と円すいころの小端面との接触状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the contact state of the roller contact part of the retainer which concerns on Example 2 of this invention, and the small end surface of a tapered roller. この発明の実施例２に係る保持器のころ接触部と円すいころの小端面との接触状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the contact state of the roller contact part of the retainer which concerns on Example 2 of this invention, and the small end surface of a tapered roller. 同一出願によって開発中の円すいころ軸受を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the tapered roller bearing under development by the same application. 同じくころ開き治具によって複数の円すいころがころ保持用テーパ孔に沿って倒される際に一つの円すいころが起立状態に戻された場合を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the case where one tapered roller is returned to the standing state when a plurality of tapered rollers are similarly fallen along the roller holding taper hole by the roller opening jig. 同じく開き治具と共に下降された内輪の小つばが起立状態にある円すいころの大端面に衝突した状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which collided with the big end surface of the tapered roller in which the small collar of the inner ring | wheel descend | fallen with the opening jig | tool similarly is standing.

この発明を実施するための形態について実施例にしたがって説明する。   A mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in accordance with an embodiment.

この発明の実施例１を図１〜図９にしたがって説明する。
図１に示すように、円すいころ軸受は、内輪１０と、外輪２０と、複数個の円すいころ３０と保持器４０とを備えて構成されている。 A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the tapered roller bearing includes an inner ring 10, an outer ring 20, a plurality of tapered rollers 30, and a cage 40.

図２に示すように、内輪１０は、その外周面に円すい状の内輪軌道面１１が形成されている。内輪１０の内輪軌道面１１の大径側端部には、複数個の円すいころ３０の大端面３２を案内するころ案内面１３を側面に有する大つば１２が形成されている。
また、内輪１０の内輪軌道面１１の小径側端部には、複数個の円すいころ３０の小端面３３を案内するころ案内面１６を側面に有する小つば１５が形成されている。
また、内輪１０には、その小つば１５から軸方向外方へ延長された円筒状の小径側延長部１７が形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the inner ring 10 has a conical inner ring raceway surface 11 formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof. On the large diameter side end of the inner ring raceway surface 11 of the inner ring 10, a large collar 12 having a roller guide surface 13 for guiding the large end surfaces 32 of the plurality of tapered rollers 30 on the side surface is formed.
A small brim 15 having a roller guide surface 16 on the side for guiding the small end surfaces 33 of the plurality of tapered rollers 30 is formed at the small diameter side end of the inner ring raceway surface 11 of the inner ring 10.
Further, the inner ring 10 is formed with a cylindrical small-diameter side extension 17 that extends from the small collar 15 outward in the axial direction.

図２に示すように、外輪２０は、その内周面には、内輪１０の内輪軌道面１１に対向して円すい状の外輪軌道面２１が形成されている。そして、内、外の両軌道面１１、２１の間に複数の円すいころ３０が転動可能に配設されると共に、これら円すいころ３０の大端面３２が内輪１０の大つば１２のころ案内面１３に案内され、円すいころ３０の小端面３３が小つば１５のころ案内面１６に案内されるようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 2, a conical outer ring raceway surface 21 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 20 so as to face the inner ring raceway surface 11 of the inner ring 10. A plurality of tapered rollers 30 are disposed between the inner and outer raceway surfaces 11 and 21 so as to be able to roll, and a large end surface 32 of these tapered rollers 30 is a roller guide surface of the large collar 12 of the inner ring 10. 13, the small end surface 33 of the tapered roller 30 is guided to the roller guide surface 16 of the small collar 15.

図２と図３に示すように、保持器４０は、例えば、薄板鋼板材がプレス加工されることで、略円すい筒状に形成されると共に、大径側環状部４１と、小径側環状部４２と、これら両環状部４１、４２を連結しかつ複数個の円すいころ３０をそれぞれ個別に保持するポケット４３を区画形成する複数の柱部４４とを有している。
また、保持器４０の小径側環状部４２の端縁には、内輪１０の小径側延長部１７の外周面に向けて僅かな隙間Ｓをもって小径側鍔部４５が環状に形成されている。そして、小径側鍔部４５と小径側延長部１７との協働によって潤滑油の流入量を制限するようになっている。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the retainer 40 is formed into a substantially conical cylinder shape by pressing a thin steel plate material, for example, and has a large-diameter side annular portion 41 and a small-diameter side annular portion. 42, and a plurality of column portions 44 that connect both the annular portions 41, 42 and define a pocket 43 that holds the plurality of tapered rollers 30 individually.
Further, a small-diameter side flange portion 45 is formed in an annular shape with a slight gap S toward the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter side extension portion 17 of the inner ring 10 at the edge of the small-diameter side annular portion 42 of the cage 40. The inflow amount of the lubricating oil is limited by the cooperation of the small diameter side flange 45 and the small diameter side extension 17.

この実施例１において、小径側鍔部４５の内周縁の直径寸法をＡとし、小径側延長部１７の外径寸法をＢとし、小つば１５の外径寸法をＣとしたときに、「Ｃ＞Ａ＞Ｂ」の関係となるように設定されている。さらに、後述するころ開き治具６０の直径寸法をＤとしたときに、「Ａ＞Ｄ」の関係となるように設定されている（図４参照）。   In the first embodiment, when the diameter of the inner peripheral edge of the small-diameter side flange 45 is A, the outer diameter of the small-diameter extension 17 is B, and the outer diameter of the small collar 15 is C, “C > A> B ”. Furthermore, when a diameter dimension of a roller opening jig 60 to be described later is D, a relationship of “A> D” is set (see FIG. 4).

図２と図３に示すように、保持器４０のポケット４３の小径側端部には、円すいころ３０の小端面３３に接触可能なころ接触部４７が形成されている。
この実施例１において、ころ接触部４７は、ポケット４３の小径側端部の幅方向中央部が内径方向へ曲げ加工によって突出されて形成された突出片４８によって構成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a roller contact portion 47 capable of contacting the small end surface 33 of the tapered roller 30 is formed at the small diameter side end portion of the pocket 43 of the cage 40.
In the first embodiment, the roller contact portion 47 is configured by a protruding piece 48 formed by protruding the center portion in the width direction of the small diameter side end portion of the pocket 43 in the inner diameter direction by bending.

図６に示すように、ころ接触部４７としての突出片４８の先端部は、円すいころ３０の小端面３３が下向きをなし、かつ円すいころ３０の中心線（回転中心）Ｌが設定された傾き角度（図６に示すように、組立テーブル５０の保持用テーパ孔５１に接して円すいころ３０が倒されたときの円すいころ３０の中心線Ｌの傾き角度）θ１となる姿勢で、円すいころ３０の重心位置Ｐ１よりも距離α１だけ保持器４０の内径側に位置するように、円すいころ３０の小端面３３の部分に接触可能に形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 6, the tip end portion of the protruding piece 48 as the roller contact portion 47 is inclined such that the small end surface 33 of the tapered roller 30 faces downward and the center line (rotation center) L of the tapered roller 30 is set. The tapered roller 30 is in an attitude of an angle θ1 (an inclination angle of the center line L of the tapered roller 30 when the tapered roller 30 is tilted in contact with the holding taper hole 51 of the assembly table 50 as shown in FIG. 6). It is formed so as to be able to contact the portion of the small end surface 33 of the tapered roller 30 so as to be positioned on the inner diameter side of the retainer 40 by a distance α1 from the center of gravity position P1.

この実施例１に係る円すいころ軸受は上述したように構成される。
したがって、図２に示すように、保持器４０の小径側環状部４２の小径側鍔部４５の内周面と、内輪１０の小径側延長部１７の外周面との間に僅かな隙間Ｓが設定され、小径側鍔部４５と小径側延長部１７との協働によって潤滑油の流入量を制限することができるため、低トルク化の向上に効果が大きい。 The tapered roller bearing according to the first embodiment is configured as described above.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, there is a slight gap S between the inner peripheral surface of the small diameter side flange 45 of the small diameter side annular portion 42 of the cage 40 and the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter side extension portion 17 of the inner ring 10. Since the inflow amount of the lubricating oil can be limited by the cooperation between the small-diameter side flange 45 and the small-diameter side extension portion 17, the effect is greatly improved in reducing the torque.

次に、円すいころ軸受の組立装置によって、内輪と、複数の円すいころと、保持器とを組み立てる組立方法を図４〜図９にしたがって説明する。
図４に示すように、先ず、ころ組立テーブル５０の保持用テーパ孔５１と、ころ開き治具６０との間に、保持器４０の小径側鍔部４５を下向きにしてセットする。
次に、ころ投入装置（図示しない）から複数の円すいころ３０を、その小端面３３を下向きにして開き治具６０の外周面の挿入溝６１と保持器４０の内周面との間に投入する。 Next, an assembling method for assembling the inner ring, the plurality of tapered rollers, and the cage with the tapered roller bearing assembling apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 4, first, between the holding taper hole 51 of the roller assembly table 50 and the roller opening jig 60, the holder 40 is set with the small-diameter side flange 45 facing downward.
Next, a plurality of tapered rollers 30 are inserted from a roller charging device (not shown) between the insertion groove 61 on the outer peripheral surface of the opening jig 60 and the inner peripheral surface of the retainer 40 with the small end surface 33 facing downward. To do.

ここで、図５に示すように、ころ開き治具６０を回転中心線（鉛直線）回りに回転することによって、各円すいころ３０が保持器４０の複数のポケット４３を通してころ保持用テーパ孔５１の内周面に沿って（接して）倒される。
円すいころ３０が保持用テーパ孔５１の内周面に接して倒される際、ポケット４３の小径側端部のころ接触部４７としての突出片４８の先端部が、円すいころ３０の重心位置Ｐよりも保持器４０の内径側に位置する円すいころ３０の小端面３３の部分に接触する。
このため、図５に示すように、全ての円すいころ３０が保持器４０の複数のポケット４３を通して組立テーブル５０のころ保持用テーパ孔５１の内周面に沿って倒れると共に、倒れた状態に保たれる。
この結果、円すいころ３０が保持用テーパ孔５１の内周面に跳ね返って起立状態に戻されることを防止することができる。 Here, as shown in FIG. 5, by rotating the roller opening jig 60 around the rotation center line (vertical line), each tapered roller 30 passes through the plurality of pockets 43 of the retainer 40 and has a roller holding taper hole 51. Defeated along (in contact with) the inner periphery of
When the tapered roller 30 is tilted in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the holding taper hole 51, the tip end portion of the protruding piece 48 serving as the roller contact portion 47 at the small diameter side end portion of the pocket 43 is located at the center of gravity P of the tapered roller 30. Also contacts the portion of the small end face 33 of the tapered roller 30 located on the inner diameter side of the cage 40.
For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5, all the tapered rollers 30 fall down along the inner peripheral surface of the roller holding taper hole 51 of the assembly table 50 through the plurality of pockets 43 of the cage 40 and are kept in a fallen state. Be drunk.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the tapered roller 30 from bouncing back to the inner peripheral surface of the holding taper hole 51 and returning to the standing state.

その後、図７に示すように、ころ開き治具６０上に内輪１０が載置される。
そして、図８に示すように、開き治具６０と共に内輪１０が下降されて複数の円すいころ３０の配列内に挿通される。
その後、図９に示すように、内輪１０の大つば１２と小つば１５との間に複数の円すいころ３０を配置した状態で、保持器４０が縮径変形されることで、内輪１０と、複数の円すいころ３０と、保持器４０とが相互に組み立てられる。 Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7, the inner ring 10 is placed on the roller opening jig 60.
Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the inner ring 10 is lowered together with the opening jig 60 and is inserted into the array of the plurality of tapered rollers 30.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, with the plurality of tapered rollers 30 disposed between the large collar 12 and the small collar 15 of the inner ring 10, the cage 40 is deformed and reduced in diameter, The plurality of tapered rollers 30 and the cage 40 are assembled with each other.

前記したように、複数の円すいころ３０がころ開き治具６０のころ挿入溝６１と保持器４０の内周面との間に投入され、ころ開き治具６０が回転されることによって、保持器４０のポケット４３の突出片（ころ接触部４７）４８に、円すいころ３０の小端面３３が接触して、全ての円すいころ３０が保持器４０の複数のポケット４３を通してころ組立テーブル５０のころ保持用テーパ孔５１の内周面に沿って倒れ、この状態に保たれる。
このため、その後、ころ開き治具６０と共に下降された内輪１０の小つば１５が円すいころ３０の大端面３２に衝突することなく良好に挿通される。
この結果、起立状態の円すいころ３０が原因となる組立不能を解消することができ、円すいころ軸受の組立性の向上を図ることができる。 As described above, the plurality of tapered rollers 30 are inserted between the roller insertion groove 61 of the roller opening jig 60 and the inner peripheral surface of the cage 40, and the roller opening jig 60 is rotated, whereby the cage The small end surface 33 of the tapered roller 30 comes into contact with the protruding piece (roller contact portion 47) 48 of the 40 pocket 43, and all the tapered rollers 30 hold the rollers of the roller assembly table 50 through the plurality of pockets 43 of the cage 40. It falls along the inner peripheral surface of the taper hole 51 for use, and is maintained in this state.
Therefore, after that, the small collar 15 of the inner ring 10 lowered together with the roller opening jig 60 is inserted well without colliding with the large end surface 32 of the tapered roller 30.
As a result, it is possible to eliminate the inability to assemble due to the standing tapered roller 30 and to improve the assembling property of the tapered roller bearing.

また、この実施例１において、保持器４０のポケット４３の小径側端部に突出片４８を形成することによってころ接触部４７を容易に形成することができる。
また、保持器４０が薄肉鋼板製である場合には、ポケット４３を打ち抜き加工する工程で、打ち抜き方向と同方向にころ接触部４７を構成する突出片４８を曲げ加工することで容易に形成することができる。 In the first embodiment, the roller contact portion 47 can be easily formed by forming the protruding piece 48 at the small diameter side end portion of the pocket 43 of the cage 40.
Further, when the cage 40 is made of a thin steel plate, it is easily formed by bending the protruding piece 48 constituting the roller contact portion 47 in the same direction as the punching direction in the step of punching the pocket 43. be able to.

この発明の実施例２に係る円すいころ軸受を図１０にしたがって説明する。
図１０に示すように、この実施例２においては、保持器１４０のポケット１４３の小径側端部が傾斜面１４８に形成されることによって、円すいころ３０の小端面３３に接触可能なころ接触部１４７が構成されている。
ころ接触部１４７を構成する傾斜面１４８は、保持器１４０の小径側が下に位置し、かつ中心線が鉛直線をなす姿勢で、保持器１４０の外周側よりも内周側が高くなる傾斜面をなしている。
また、ころ接触部１４７としての傾斜面１４８の上端縁は、円すいころ３０の小端面３３が下向きをなし、かつ保持器１４０の中心線Ｌが設定された傾き角度θ２となる姿勢で円すいころ３０の重心位置Ｐ２よりも距離α２だけ保持器１４０の内径側に位置するように、円すいころ３０の小端面３３の部分に接触可能に形成されている。
この実施例２のその他の構成は実施例１と同様にして構成されるため、その説明は省略する。 A tapered roller bearing according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 10, in Example 2, the roller contact portion that can contact the small end surface 33 of the tapered roller 30 by forming the small diameter side end portion of the pocket 143 of the cage 140 on the inclined surface 148. 147 is configured.
The inclined surface 148 constituting the roller contact portion 147 is an inclined surface in which the smaller diameter side of the cage 140 is positioned below and the center line is a vertical line, and the inner circumferential side is higher than the outer circumferential side of the cage 140. There is no.
Further, the tapered roller 30 has a posture in which the small end surface 33 of the tapered roller 30 is directed downward and the center line L of the retainer 140 is set to an inclined angle θ2 at the upper edge of the inclined surface 148 as the roller contact portion 147. It is formed so as to be able to contact the portion of the small end face 33 of the tapered roller 30 so as to be positioned on the inner diameter side of the retainer 140 by a distance α2 from the center of gravity position P2.
Since other configurations of the second embodiment are configured in the same manner as the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

したがって、この実施例２に係る円すいころ軸受においても、実施例１と同様の作用効果を奏する。
特に、この実施例２においては、保持器１４０のポケット１４３の小径側端部を傾斜面１４８に形成することによって、ころ接触部１４７を容易に形成することができる。
また、保持器１４０が薄肉鋼板製である場合には、ポケット１４３を打ち抜き加工する工程で小径側端部を傾斜面１４８に打ち抜くことが可能となる。 Therefore, the tapered roller bearing according to the second embodiment also has the same effects as those of the first embodiment.
In particular, in the second embodiment, the roller contact portion 147 can be easily formed by forming the small diameter side end portion of the pocket 143 of the cage 140 on the inclined surface 148.
Further, when the cage 140 is made of a thin steel plate, it is possible to punch the small diameter side end portion into the inclined surface 148 in the step of punching the pocket 143.

次に、この発明の実施例３に係る円すいころ軸受を図１１にしたがって説明する。
図１１に示すように、この実施例３においては、保持器２４０の小径部側部分が段差状をなして小径に絞られ、その絞られた小径筒部２４０ａにポケット２４３の小径側端部２４８によってころ接触部２４７が構成されている。
また、ころ接触部２４７としてのポケット２４３の小径側端部２４８は、円すいころ３０の小端面３３が下向きをなし、かつ中心線Ｌが設定された傾き角度θ３となる姿勢で円すいころ３０の重心位置Ｐ３よりも距離α３だけ保持器２４０の内径側に位置するように、円すいころ３０の小端面３３の部分に接触可能に形成されている。
この実施例３のその他の構成は実施例１と同様にして構成されるため、その説明は省略する。 Next, a tapered roller bearing according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 11, in the third embodiment, the small-diameter side portion of the cage 240 is stepped and narrowed to a small diameter, and the small-diameter side end portion 248 of the pocket 243 is fitted into the narrowed small-diameter cylindrical portion 240a. Thus, a roller contact portion 247 is formed.
Further, the small diameter side end portion 248 of the pocket 243 as the roller contact portion 247 has a center of gravity of the tapered roller 30 in such a posture that the small end surface 33 of the tapered roller 30 faces downward and the center line L is set to an inclination angle θ3. It is formed so as to be able to contact the portion of the small end face 33 of the tapered roller 30 so as to be positioned on the inner diameter side of the retainer 240 by a distance α3 from the position P3.
Since other configurations of the third embodiment are configured in the same manner as the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

したがって、この実施例３に係る円すいころ軸受においても、実施例１と同様の作用効果を奏する。
特に、この実施例３においては、保持器２４０の小径部側部分を段差状をなして小径に絞し、その小径筒部２４０ａにポケット２４３の小径側端部２４８を形成することによってころ接触部２４７を容易に形成することができる。 Therefore, also in the tapered roller bearing according to the third embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
In particular, in the third embodiment, the roller contact portion is formed by forming the small diameter side end portion 248 of the pocket 243 in the small diameter cylindrical portion 240a by narrowing the small diameter portion side portion of the cage 240 to a small diameter. 247 can be easily formed.

なお、この発明は前記実施例１に限定するものではなく、この発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において、種々なる形態で実施することもできる。
例えば、保持器４０（１４０、２４０）は薄肉鋼板製の他、合成樹脂製であってもこの発明を実施することができる。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example 1, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can also be implemented with a various form.
For example, the present invention can be implemented even if the cage 40 (140, 240) is made of a thin steel plate or a synthetic resin.

１０ 内輪
１１ 内輪軌道面
１２ 大つば
１５ 小つば
１７ 小径側延長部
２０ 外輪
２１ 外輪軌道面
３０ 円すいころ
３２ 大端面
３３ 小端面
４０、１４０、２４０ 保持器
４１ 大径側環状部
４２ 小径側環状部
４３、１４３、２４３ ポケット
４４ 柱部
４５ 小径側鍔部
４７、１４７、２４７ ころ接触部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Inner ring 11 Inner ring raceway surface 12 Large brim 15 Small brim 17 Small diameter side extension part 20 Outer ring 21 Outer ring raceway surface 30 Tapered roller 32 Large end face 33 Small end face 40, 140, 240 Cage 41 Large diameter side annular part 42 Small diameter side annular part 43, 143, 243 Pocket 44 Pillar part 45 Small diameter side flange part 47, 147, 247 Roller contact part

Claims (4)

内輪と、外輪と、複数個の円すいころと、保持器とを備えた円すいころ軸受であって、
前記内輪は、その内輪軌道面の大径側端部に前記複数個の円すいころの大端面を案内する大つばが形成され、前記内輪軌道面の小径側端部に前記複数個の円すいころの小端面を案内する小つばが形成され、
前記保持器は、大径側環状部と、小径側環状部と、これら両環状部を連結しかつ前記複数個の円すいころをそれぞれ保持するためのポケットを区画形成する複数の柱部とを有し、
前記ポケットの小径側端部には、前記円すいころの小端面が下向きをなす姿勢で、前記円すいころの小端面のうち、同円すいころの重心位置よりも前記保持器の内径側に位置する部分に接触可能なころ接触部が形成され、
前記ころ接触部は、前記保持器の小径側が下に位置し、かつ中心線が鉛直線をなす姿勢で、前記ポケットの小径側端部が、外周側よりも内周側が高くなる傾斜面に形成され、この傾斜面によって構成されていることを特徴とする円すいころ軸受。 A tapered roller bearing comprising an inner ring, an outer ring, a plurality of tapered rollers, and a cage,
The inner ring is formed with a large brim for guiding the large end surfaces of the plurality of tapered rollers at the large diameter side end portion of the inner ring raceway surface, and the plurality of tapered rollers at the small diameter side end portion of the inner ring raceway surface. A small brim that guides the small end face is formed,
The cage includes a large-diameter side annular portion, a small-diameter side annular portion, and a plurality of pillar portions that connect the both annular portions and define pockets for holding the plurality of tapered rollers. And
A portion of the small-diameter side end portion of the pocket is positioned such that the small end surface of the tapered roller faces downward, and the small end surface of the tapered roller is located closer to the inner diameter side of the retainer than the center of gravity of the tapered roller. roller contact portion capable of contacting is formed,
The roller contact portion is formed in an inclined surface in which the small diameter side of the cage is positioned below and the center line is a vertical line, and the small diameter side end of the pocket is higher on the inner peripheral side than on the outer peripheral side. A tapered roller bearing comprising the inclined surface . 請求項１に記載の円すいころ軸受であって、
内輪の小径側端部には、小つばから軸方向外方へ延長された小径側延長部が形成される一方、
保持器の小径側環状部の小径側端縁には、前記内輪の小径側延長部の外周面に向けて僅かな隙間をもって対向することで潤滑油の流量を制限する小径側鍔部が形成されていることを特徴とする円すいころ軸受。 The tapered roller bearing according to claim 1,
On the small diameter side end of the inner ring, a small diameter side extension extending from the small brim to the axial direction outward is formed,
A small-diameter flange that limits the flow rate of the lubricating oil is formed on the small-diameter side end edge of the small-diameter-side annular portion of the cage by facing the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter-side extension of the inner ring with a slight gap. Tapered roller bearings characterized by 請求項１又は２に記載の円すいころ軸受であって、
ころ接触部は、ポケットの小径側端部が内径方向へ突出されて形成された突出片によって構成されていることを特徴とする円すいころ軸受。 The tapered roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2,
The tapered roller bearing is characterized in that the roller contact portion is constituted by a protruding piece formed by protruding a small-diameter side end portion of the pocket in the inner diameter direction. 請求項１又は２に記載の円すいころ軸受であって、
ころ接触部は、保持器の小径部側部分が段差状をなして小径に絞られ、その絞られた小径筒部にポケットの小径側端部が形成され、この小径側端部によって構成されていることを特徴とする円すいころ軸受。 The tapered roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2,
The roller contact portion is formed by a small-diameter side end portion of the pocket formed on the small-diameter cylindrical portion of the narrow-diameter cylindrical portion of the narrow-diameter portion of the cage. Tapered roller bearings characterized by
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