JP5584795B2 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an office lighting apparatus capable of partially turning on and off lighting.

  In general, in an office such as a workplace, a plurality of ceiling luminaires are installed on the ceiling, and the ceiling illuminator is turned on to design a horizontal plane illuminance directly below the ceiling luminaire. And in a collaborative open office that requires a large space with a large floor space, from the viewpoint of energy saving, it was buried above the office workers in the open office, such as lunch break and night office hours. Only the ceiling luminaire is turned on, and the ceiling luminaire above the absent seat is turned off. However, when the ceiling luminaire is turned off in this way, the brightness of the ceiling surface and the wall surface that can be seen by the office worker is lowered, so that the office worker feels uncomfortable due to a decrease in brightness.

  Therefore, conventionally, in order to improve the sense of brightness of the office worker, a technique for expressing the sense of brightness as a human sensory evaluation with an objective index value (for example, Patent Document 1), illumination on a ceiling surface or a wall surface Techniques for irradiating light (for example, see Patent Documents 2 and 3) have been considered.

JP 2004-354200 A JP 2003-245356 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-071706

  However, in an open office with a large floor area, the area of the ceiling and walls that can be seen by office workers is large, so in order to brighten all the surfaces, it is necessary to turn on a large number of lighting fixtures, and power consumption There is a problem that cannot be sufficiently reduced. Further, if the distance from the seated position to the wall surface is long, even if the illumination light is irradiated on the wall surface, it is not sufficient to prevent a decrease in the feeling of brightness.

  In addition, in order to prevent the lighting effect of the ceiling lighting fixtures from affecting the sense of brightness in other areas, the office space can be hidden from the office by seeing the ceiling and walls darkened by the lighting off by partitioning the open office with partition walls. It can also be considered. However, since the open office is divided by the partition wall, it cannot be adopted for an open office that requires a continuous space with a large floor area.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a lighting device that can improve the feeling of brightness with low power consumption without impairing the continuity of space.

An illuminating device according to the present invention includes one or more planar illuminators that perform surface light emission, and a control unit that lights the planar illuminator, and the control unit is viewed from a viewpoint position of a worker. The planar illuminator to be lit is selected based on the sense of brightness.

  According to the lighting device according to the present invention, when a part or all of the ceiling lighting fixtures installed on the ceiling are turned off, the ceiling surface and the wall surface are darkened. It is possible to conceal the ceiling surface and the wall surface darkened by turning off the ceiling luminaire from the field of view of the office worker who is doing it with a planar illuminator that emits light. For this reason, a brightness feeling can be improved, without installing the partition wall etc. which inhibit the continuity of space. In addition, since the planar illuminating body is arranged at a position closer to the office than the ceiling surface and wall surface hidden by the planar illuminating body, it is a small area planar illuminating body and has a large area ceiling surface and wall surface. Can be hidden. Thereby, compared with the case where a ceiling surface and a wall surface are illuminated directly, a brightness feeling can be improved with little power consumption. In addition, since the planar illuminator is automatically turned on according to the brightness feeling at the viewpoint position of the office worker, even if some ceiling lighting fixtures are turned off, the reduction in the brightness feeling can be suppressed. it can.

An illuminating device according to the present invention includes one or more planar illuminators that perform surface light emission, and a control unit that lights the planar illuminator, and the control unit is viewed from a viewpoint position of a worker. The planar illumination body is dimmed based on a sense of brightness.

According to the lighting device according to the present invention, when a part or all of the ceiling lighting fixtures installed on the ceiling are turned off, the ceiling surface and the wall surface are darkened. It is possible to conceal the ceiling surface and the wall surface darkened by turning off the ceiling luminaire from the field of view of the office worker who is doing it with a planar illuminator that emits light. For this reason, a brightness feeling can be improved, without installing the partition wall etc. which inhibit the continuity of space. In addition, since the planar illuminating body is arranged at a position closer to the office than the ceiling surface and wall surface hidden by the planar illuminating body, it is a small area planar illuminating body and has a large area ceiling surface and wall surface. Can be hidden. Thereby, compared with the case where a ceiling surface and a wall surface are illuminated directly, a brightness feeling can be improved with little power consumption. In addition, the brightness of the worker's viewpoint position changes because the planar lighting body is dimmed based on the brightness of the worker's viewpoint position. Can be finely adjusted.
In these cases, it is preferable that the planar illumination body is oriented in a direction that obstructs the viewing direction of the office worker.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the feeling of brightness with low power consumption without impairing the continuity of space.

It is a figure which shows the block configuration of the illuminating device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the open office to which the illuminating device shown in FIG. 1 is applied. It is a top view of the open office shown in FIG. It is a block diagram of a light-guide plate. It is a flowchart which shows the processing operation of a control part. It is a flowchart which shows the lighting process operation of the light-guide plate in FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a light guide plate selection process and a dimming rate setting process operation in FIG. 6. It is a figure which shows the block configuration of the illuminating device in 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the processing operation of a control part. It is a flowchart which shows the estimation processing operation | movement of the feeling of brightness obtained by the daylight in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating a feeling of brightness, (a) is a figure which showed the lighting state of the ceiling lighting fixture in the conventional illuminating device, (b) does not impair a feeling of brightness in the conventional illuminating device. The figure which showed the state which lighted the ceiling lighting fixture in (c) is the figure which showed the state which lighted the light-guide plate 14 in this embodiment. It is a side view which shows the installation state of the light-guide plate in an Example. It is a perspective view which shows the installation state of the light-guide plate in an Example. It is the figure which showed the state (1), (a) is luminance distribution, (b) has shown the contour map. It is the figure which showed the state (2), (a) is luminance distribution, (b) has shown the contour map. It is the figure which showed the state (3), (a) is luminance distribution, (b) has shown the contour map.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of a lighting device according to the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a block configuration of the illumination device according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the lighting device 10 includes a human sensor 11, a brightness sensor 12, a ceiling lighting device 13, a light guide plate 14, and a control unit 15.

  Here, with reference to FIG.2 and FIG.3, the open office 1 to which the illuminating device 10 is applied is demonstrated.

  2 is a cross-sectional view of an open office to which the lighting device shown in FIG. 1 is applied, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the open office shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the open office 1 to which the lighting device 10 is applied is an office with a large floor area in which a large number of departments and groups work together, and is continuous without a partition wall. It is a space.

  The open office 1 is divided into a plurality of areas 4. In each area 4, four desks 2 and four chairs 3 on which office workers work are installed. The area 4 is arranged in an 8 × 5 grid in the open office 1. In FIG. 3, the chair 3 filled with a black circle indicates that the office worker is present. In addition, the open office 1 includes a short low partition 5 that separates the desk 2 and the area 4 and a tall high partition 6 that separates the desk 2 and the area 4 in order to improve the work efficiency of each worker. It is installed as appropriate. The desk 2, the chair 3, the low partition 5, and the high partition 6 are office furniture installed in the open office 1.

  In the ceiling of the open office 1, a plurality of ceiling lighting fixtures 13 for irradiating light to each desk 2 are embedded for each area 4. This ceiling lighting device 13 is the base lighting of the open office 1 and gives necessary and sufficient luminance to the desk surface. The ceiling lighting device 13 can be turned on and off independently for each area 4.

  In addition, on the ceiling of the open office 1, for each area 4, there are a plurality of human sensors 11 that detect the presence of office workers using infrared rays and a plurality of brightness sensors 12 that measure luminance, illuminance, and the like. is set up. The human sensor 11 detects a worker in the area 4, and by analyzing the detection information of the human sensor 11, a seated area where the worker is present and a worker are absent. The absence area can be determined. In the present embodiment, for the sake of convenience, the human sensor 11 and the brightness sensor 12 are described as being integrally formed, but may be separate.

  A plurality of light guide plates 14, which are planar illumination bodies, are installed in the space in the open office 1. The light guide plate 14 is a luminaire that performs surface light emission, and is installed on a floor with a stationary light guide plate 14 a standing on the low partition 5, a partition light guide plate 14 b standing on the high partition 6, and the floor. A screen type light guide plate 14c and a vertical wall type light guide plate 14d suspended from the ceiling are installed in the space in the open office 1.

  4A and 4B are configuration diagrams of the light guide plate, in which FIG. 4A is a longitudinal sectional view and FIG. 4B is a transverse sectional view. As shown in FIG. 4, the light guide plate 14 is a planar illumination body formed in a flat plate shape. The light guide plate 14 includes a transparent acrylic plate 141 formed in a flat plate as a main component, and an LED (Light Emitting Diode) 142 that emits light is attached to one end edge surface of the acrylic plate 141. In addition, a plurality of light-emitting processed surfaces 143 that receive light emitted from the LEDs 142 and emit light are formed on the back surface of the acrylic plate 141 at predetermined intervals. A reflective plate 144 that reflects the light emitted from the LED 142 and returns it to the acrylic plate 141 is attached to the other end edge surface of the acrylic plate 141. For this reason, since the light guide plate 14 is transparent by the transparent acrylic plate 141, the back surface of the light guide plate 14 can be seen through when the light is turned off.

  When the light guide plate 14 is turned on, the LED 142 emits light, and the light emitted from the LED 142 travels from one end edge surface of the acrylic plate 141 toward the other edge surface to cause the light emission processing surface 143 to emit light. On the other hand, the light that has not caused the light emission processing surface 143 to emit light is reflected by the reflecting plate 144 to cause the light emission processing surface 143 to emit light. Then, the light emitted from the light emitting processed surface 143 is emitted from the front surface of the acrylic plate 141, so that the front surface of the light guide plate 14 emits light. The front and back surfaces of the light guide plate 14 can be illuminated by forming only the light-emitting processed surface 143 on the back surface of the acrylic plate 141 or forming the light-emitting processed surface 143 on the surface of the acrylic plate 141. . In the following embodiments, description will be made assuming that the front and back surfaces of the light guide plate 14 emit light.

  The stationary light guide plate 14a is disposed with its light emitting surface oriented in the horizontal direction. That is, the stationary light guide plate 14a is oriented in a direction that obstructs the viewing direction of the office worker. The stationary light guide plate 14a is erected vertically upward on the upper surface of the low partition 5 and is disposed slightly above the worker's line-of-sight position or the worker's line-of-sight position. For this reason, the stationary light guide plate 14a is disposed substantially in front of the visual field so as to block the viewing direction when the office worker naturally faces forward.

  The partition type light guide plate 14b is arranged with its light emitting surface oriented in the horizontal direction. That is, the partition-type light guide plate 14b is oriented in a direction that obstructs the viewing direction of the office worker. The partition-type light guide plate 14b is erected vertically upward on the upper surface of the high partition 6 and is disposed above the worker's line of sight. For this reason, the stationary light guide plate 14a is arranged above the visual field so as to block the viewing direction when the office worker naturally faces forward. The partition type light guide plate 14b reaches the ceiling and is physically configured like a partition wall. However, since the partition type light guide plate 14b is transparent by the transparent acrylic plate 141, the partition type light guide plate 14b is continuous in the visual viewing space. Holding.

  The screen-type light guide plate 14c has a light emitting surface arranged in the horizontal direction. That is, the screen-type light guide plate 14c is oriented in a direction that obstructs the visual direction of the office worker. The screen-type light guide plate 14c is erected directly on the floor of the open office 1 vertically upward, and is arranged slightly below or above the worker's line-of-sight position or the worker's line-of-sight position. For this reason, the stationary light guide plate 14a is disposed substantially in front of the visual field so as to block the viewing direction when the office worker naturally faces forward. The screen light guide plate 14c has portability and can be installed in an arbitrary space such as a passage in the space of the open office 1. For this reason, by changing the installation position of the screen-type light guide plate 14c, the screen-type light guide plate 14c can be arranged at an arbitrary position within the visual field of the worker.

  The vertical wall type light guide plate 14d is arranged with its light emitting surface oriented in the horizontal direction. That is, the vertical wall type light guide plate 14d is oriented in a direction that obstructs the visual direction of the office worker. Then, the vertical wall type light guide plate 14d is suspended vertically downward from the ceiling of the open office 1 like a vertical wall, and is arranged slightly above the worker's line-of-sight position or the worker's line-of-sight position. Yes. For this reason, the vertical wall type light guide plate 14d is arranged above the visual field so as to block the viewing direction when the office worker naturally faces forward. The vertical wall type light guide plate 14d is arranged in a grid so as to surround each area 4.

  And the control part 15 is electrically connected with the human sensor 11, the brightness sensor 12, the ceiling lighting fixture 13, and the light-guide plate 14, and based on the detection signal of the human sensor 11 and the brightness sensor 12, The lighting control of the ceiling lighting device 13 and the lighting control of the light guide plate 14 are performed. In addition, the control part 15 is comprised mainly by the computer containing CPU, ROM, and RAM, for example. And the function of the control part 15 demonstrated below is implement | achieved by reading predetermined computer software on CPU and RAM, and making it operate | move under control of CPU. Hereinafter, functions of the control unit 15 will be described in detail.

  The control unit 15 determines the presence / absence of a worker in each area 4 based on the detection signal of the human sensor 11. And the control part 15 turns on the ceiling lighting fixture 13 of the area 4 judged that there is an office worker, and turns off the ceiling lighting fixture 13 of the area 4 judged that there is no office worker.

  Moreover, the control part 15 performs lighting control of the light-guide plate 14 based on the brightness feeling which the office worker who is present feels. Specifically, the control unit 15 calculates an index value of the brightness feeling based on a predetermined index (estimation formula) for estimating the brightness feeling. Then, based on the calculated index value, the feeling of brightness felt by the attended office worker is estimated.

  Here, the sense of brightness is a sense amount of the impression of brightness felt from the entire space. The feeling of brightness is affected by average luminance, average illuminance, luminance distribution, illuminance distribution, luminance of the light emitting portion, size of the light emitting portion, highlight and shadow, nonuniformity of luminance / illuminance distribution, and the like. For this reason, a feeling of brightness can be expressed by various indexes (estimation formulas).

  Indicators of brightness are, for example, literature (1) Residential Lighting Design Technology Guidelines, Lighting Society, 2007, Reference (2) “Special Features: Research and Application of Brightness” Journal of the Lighting Society of Japan, 86 Volume 10, No. 10, pp. 746-786, October 2002, Reference (3) “Estimation of Brightness Using Brightness Images of Equidistant Cylindrical Projection” Kashima Technical Research Institute Annual Report, No. 56, pp .77-82, September 30, 2008, literature (4) "Construction of a brightness-brightness conversion system as a lighting design tool" Environmental Papers of Architectural Institute of Japan, No. 597, pp.13-17, 2005 November, Ref. (5) "Evaluation of Brightness of Space Considering Balance of Arrival of Light," Architectural Institute of Japan Environmental Studies, 568, pp.17-23, June 2003, Ref. 6) “Study on estimation of brightness in real space by virtual luminance distribution method” 583, pp.7-14, September 2004, literature (7) “Technology for enhancing the brightness of the room by brightness” Journal of the Illuminating Science Society of Japan, Vol.82, No.10, pp.818-820, 1998 , Reference (8) “Effects of spatial luminance distribution on the sense of brightness in the room”, described in the Architectural Institute of Japan Environmental Studies, No. 487, pp.33-41, September 1996, etc. is there.

  As a representative of the literature (2), an index of a feeling of brightness will be described. A contrast profile is created by performing an N-filtering process for weighting a logarithmic luminance distribution image on a visual target with space, The brightness profile is estimated by creating this brightness profile by creating this contrast profile for every point in the space and taking the average of this brightness feeling.

  On the other hand, as described in each of the above-mentioned documents, the sense of brightness correlates with the average luminance (luminance distribution), so the average luminance in the entire field of view of the office worker is used as an index value for the sense of brightness. You can also. Regarding the correlation between brightness and average brightness, reference (9) “Study on indoor brightness distribution, part 3. Relation between brightness and average brightness of the entire field of view” ), 4082, pp163-164, October 1989, Reference (10) "Study on indoor luminance distribution, Part 1. Method of inputting luminance distribution data into image processor" Summaries of Technical Papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan (Kinki) , 4224, pp 447-448, October 1987, literature (11) "Study on luminance distribution in the room, part 2. Expression method of luminance distribution state" Summaries of Annual Meeting of the Architectural Institute of Japan (Kinki), 4224, pp 449-450 , October 1987, and the like.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, as an index of brightness (estimation formula), the physical amount (luminance, etc.) of light energy emitted from each illumination body of the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and the light guide plate 14 is set to the size (three-dimensional) of each illumination body. It is assumed that the index value of the feeling of brightness is calculated by the average luminance obtained by multiplying the corners and the shape factors.

  More specifically, the brightness index value is calculated by calculating the average brightness x, which is the brightness index value, from the brightness and solid angle of each illuminating body using the following equation (1). To do.

x = Σ (luminance × solid angle) / Σ (solid angle) (1)
Then, the control unit 15 selects the light guide plate 14 to be lit and sets the dimming rate of the light guide plate 14 to be lit so that the brightness index value thus calculated is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. Then, the selected light guide plate 14 is turned on at the set dimming rate.

  In addition, the control part 15 has the illumination information database in which the information of each illumination device was set. This illumination information database is provided corresponding to each area 4, the distance from each area to each illumination device, the solid angle of each illumination device viewed from the line of sight of the worker in each area 4, Light emission data corresponding to each dimming rate of each lighting device is set. Then, the control unit 15 refers to the illumination information database to calculate the brightness feeling, the selection of the light guide plate 14 to be lit, the dimming rate of the light guide plate 14 to be lit, and the like.

  Next, the lighting processing operation of the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and the light guide plate 14 by the control unit 15 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing operation of the control unit, FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the light guide plate lighting processing operation in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a light guide plate selection process and dimming rate setting processing operation in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the control unit 15 first selects a brightness sensation index (estimation formula) for calculating an index value of the sensation of brightness (step S1). The brightness sensation index selected here may be any brightness sensation index described in the above-mentioned document, but in the present embodiment, formula (1) is selected as the above-described brightness sensation index. That is, in the present embodiment, the brightness indicator is calculated by calculating the average brightness obtained by multiplying the brightness of the light emitted from each lighting body of the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and the light guide plate 14 by the solid angle of each lighting body. The value shall be calculated.

  Next, when the control unit 15 calculates the index value of the brightness sensation using the brightness sensation index selected in step S1, the worker who is present in the open office 1 feels a sense of brightness appropriate for the office. The required value of the index value that can be set is set (step S2).

  Next, the control part 15 determines whether the detection information by the human sensitive sensor 11 was fluctuate | varied (step S3).

  If the control unit 15 determines that the detection information by the human sensor 11 has not changed (step S4: NO), the control unit 15 determines that there is no movement of the person in the open office 1, and temporarily ends the lighting process. To do.

  On the other hand, if the control unit 15 determines that the detection information from the human sensor 11 has changed (step S4: YES), the control unit 15 determines that a person has moved in the open office 1, and the office worker is present. The presence area is estimated (step S5). That is, it is estimated that the area 4 where the human sensor 11 whose detection information fluctuates within a predetermined time is installed is a seated area where a worker is present.

  Next, the control unit 15 turns off the ceiling lighting fixtures 13 other than the seated area estimated in step S5 (step S6).

  Next, the control unit 15 estimates a feeling of brightness obtained by the lit ceiling lighting fixture 13 (step S7). Here, the estimation of the feeling of brightness is performed by calculating an index value of the feeling of brightness based on the feeling of brightness index selected in step S1. Note that the luminance can be measured by the brightness sensor 12 installed in each area 4. Further, the luminance and the solid angle can be easily calculated by referring to the illumination information database described above. Then, from the luminance or solid angle measured or calculated in this way, the average luminance, which is the brightness index value, is calculated by Equation (1).

  Next, the control part 15 determines whether the index value of the brightness feeling obtained by the ceiling lighting fixture 13 is below a predetermined value (step S8). That is, in step S8, determination is made based on whether or not the brightness index value calculated in step S7 is equal to or less than the required value set in step S2.

  When the control unit 15 determines that the brightness index value obtained by the ceiling lighting device 13 is larger than the predetermined value (step S8: NO), the control unit 15 determines that the brightness sensed by the office worker is sufficient. Thus, the process ends without performing the lighting process of the light guide plate 14.

  On the other hand, when the control unit 15 determines that the index value of the brightness feeling obtained by the ceiling lighting device 13 is equal to or less than the predetermined value (step S8: YES), the control unit 15 determines that the brightness feeling felt by the office worker is insufficient. And the lighting process of the light-guide plate 14 is performed (step S9).

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the lighting process of the light guide plate 14 in step S9, first, a selection process of the light guide plate 14 and a dimming rate setting process are performed (step S11).

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the selection process of the light guide plate 14 and the dimming rate setting process, it is first determined whether any of the light guide plates 14 is lit (step S21).

  If the control unit 15 determines that no light guide plate 14 is lit (step S21: YES), the control unit 15 sets selection conditions for the light guide plate 14 to be lit (step S22). The conditions for selecting the light guide plate 14 to be lit can be set by various methods such as preinstalled in a program. In this embodiment, the distance from the seating area and the solid angle of the light guide plate 14 viewed from the seating area are adopted as the selection conditions for the light guide plate 14 to be lit. The light guide plate 14 to be lit can be selected in various conditions depending on the brightness index selected in step S1, the required value set in step S2, and the like.

  Next, the control unit 15 estimates the distance from the seated area and the solid angle viewed from the seated area for each light guide plate 14 (step S23). The distance from the seating area and the solid angle viewed from the seating area can be estimated by referring to the above-described illumination information database, for example.

  Next, the control unit 15 searches for the light guide plate 14 within a predetermined distance from the seating area based on the selection condition set in step S22 (step S24).

  Moreover, the control part 15 searches the light-guide plate 14 which satisfy | fills the required solid angle seen from the seating area based on the selection conditions set by step S22 (step S25). That is, one or a plurality of light guide plates 14 are searched for such that the total value of the solid angles is equal to or greater than the required solid angle. In step S25, the light guide plate 14 may be searched in descending order of the solid angle viewed from the seated area, or the light guide plate 14 may be searched so that the total value of the solid angles is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. Good.

  Next, the control unit 15 sets the priority for lighting the light guide plate 14 searched in step S24 and step S25 according to the distance between the solid angle and the seated area, and turns on the light guide plate 14 having a high priority. It selects as the light-guide plate 14 (step S26). The priority order can be appropriately selected depending on the shape of the open office 1, the arrangement and size of each lighting device, and the like. For example, the priority order may be determined in descending order of the solid angle as viewed from the seated area, and if all the light guide plates 14 have the same size, the priority order may be determined in order from the closest to the seated area. Then, when the priority order is determined in descending order of the solid angle viewed from the seating area, the light guide plate 14 is selected so that the total value of the solid angles is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

  And the control part 15 lights the light-guide plate 14 selected by step S26 with the minimum light control rate (step S27).

  On the other hand, when the control unit 15 determines that any one of the light guide plates 14 is turned on in step S21 described above (step S21: NO), is the light control rate of the light guide plate 14 that is turned on maximum? It is determined whether or not (step S28).

  And if the control part 15 determines with the light control rate of the light-guide plate 14 currently lighted being the maximum (step S28: YES), it will progress to step S22 and will repeat step S22-step S27 mentioned above.

  On the other hand, when the control unit 15 determines that the dimming rate of the light guide plate 14 that is lit is not the maximum (step S28: NO), the control unit 15 increases the dimming rate of the light guide plate 14 that is lit (step S29). ).

  In this way, when the light guide plate selection process / dimming rate setting process is completed, as shown in FIG. 6, the control unit 15 calculates the index value of the feeling of brightness based on the illumination information database, A feeling of brightness is estimated (step S12). The brightness feeling is estimated based on the brightness feeling index selected in step S1. That is, in step S12, first, from the lighting information database, the distance from each area, the solid angle of each lighting device, and each adjustment of each lighting device for each lighting device of the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and the light guide plate 14 that are lit. Emission data corresponding to the light rate is acquired. And the brightness | luminance corresponding to each dimming rate of each illuminating device is calculated from the distance from each area and the light emission data corresponding to each dimming rate of each illuminating device. Then, using equation (1), an average luminance, which is an index value of a feeling of brightness, is calculated from the solid angle acquired from the illumination information database and the calculated luminance.

Next, the control unit 15 determines whether or not the brightness index value calculated in step S12 is within an allowable range (step S13). That is, in step S13, an allowable range of index values (for example, 60 to 100 cd / m ² ) that allows the office worker present in the open office 1 to feel a sense of brightness appropriate for office work is determined. If the index value of the brightness feeling calculated in S12 is within the determined allowable range, it is determined that the index value of the brightness feeling is within the allowable range. On the other hand, when the index value of the brightness feeling calculated in step S12 is equal to or lower than the lower limit value of the allowable range (for example, 40 cd / m ² ), it is determined that the brightness feeling is insufficient and is calculated in step S12. When the index value of the brightness feeling is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the allowable range (for example, 110 cd / m ² ), it is determined that the brightness feeling is excessive.

  When the control unit 15 determines that the index value is less than or equal to the lower limit value of the allowable range, the feeling of brightness is insufficient, or the index value is greater than or equal to the upper limit value of the allowable range and the feeling of brightness is excessive (step) (S13: YES), the process returns to step S11, and the above-described steps S11 and S12 are repeated.

  At this time, if it is determined in step S13 that the index value is equal to or greater than the upper limit of the allowable range and the brightness is excessive and the process returns to step S11, the following processing is performed as step S21 to step S29.

  First, when it is determined in step S21 that any one of the light guide plates 14 is lit, it is determined in step S28 whether or not the dimming rate of the lit light guide plate 14 is the minimum. Here, since the process is performed when it is determined that the sense of brightness is excessive due to the lighting of the light guide plate 14, it is determined in step S21 that any one of the light guide plates 14 is always lit. If it is determined in step S28 that the light control rate of the light guide plate 14 that is lit is not the minimum, in step S29, the light control rate of the light guide plate 14 that is lit is lowered by one step, and the sense of brightness is excessive. In this case, the light guide plate selection process and the dimming rate setting process are terminated.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S28 that the light control rate of the light guide plate 14 that is lit is minimum, the light control rate of the light guide plate 14 that is lit cannot be lowered. 14 selection conditions are set. Next, Steps S23 to S25 are performed in the same manner as described above. In Step S26, the light guide plate 14 to be turned off is selected. In step S27, the light guide plate 14 selected in step S26 is turned off, and the light guide plate selection process and the dimming rate setting process when the brightness is excessive are terminated.

  In step S13 described above, when the control unit 15 determines that the index value is within the allowable range (step S13: NO), the lighting process of the light guide plate 14 is terminated.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. The lighting device 20 according to the second embodiment is applied to the open office 1 in which a daylight use window that can be used for daylight is installed. This daylight utilization window is a window installed on the outer wall of the open office 1, and it is not always necessary that direct sunlight enters the open office 1 from the daylight utilization window. Any window can be used as long as it can see the bright scenery.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a block configuration of the illumination device according to the second embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 8, the lighting device 20 includes a human sensor 11, a brightness sensor 12, a daylight sensor 26, a solar shading device 27, a ceiling lighting device 13, a light guide plate 14, and a control unit 25. And.

  The daylight sensor 26 is installed in the vicinity of the daylight utilization window, and measures the amount of light incident from the window. Then, by analyzing the detection level of the daylight sensor 26, it is possible to determine whether or not it is necessary to estimate a feeling of brightness obtained by daylight.

  The solar radiation shielding device 27 drives a blind device (not shown) that can shield light incident from the daylight utilization window. And the solar radiation shielding apparatus 27 shuts off the light which injects from a daylight utilization window by making a blind apparatus into a closed state, and prevents a worker's workability deterioration. On the other hand, the solar shading device 27 controls the solar shading device 27 to open the blind device, thereby taking in daylight from the daylight utilization window and brightening the inside of the open office 1.

  And the control part 25 is electrically connected with the human sensor 11, the brightness sensor 12, the ceiling lighting fixture 13, the light guide plate 14, the daylight sensor 26, and the solar shading device 27, and the human sensor 11, the brightness The lighting control of the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and the lighting control of the light guide plate 14 are performed based on the detection signals of the sensor 12 and the daylight sensor 26 and the control state of the solar shading device 27. In addition, the control part 25 is comprised mainly by the computer containing CPU, ROM, and RAM, for example. And the function of the control part 15 demonstrated below is implement | achieved by reading predetermined computer software on CPU and RAM, and making it operate | move under control of CPU. Hereinafter, functions of the control unit 25 will be described in detail.

  As in the first embodiment, the control unit 25 determines the presence or absence of office workers in each area 4 based on the detection signal of the human sensor 11. And the control part 25 turns on the ceiling lighting fixture 13 of the area 4 judged that the office worker exists, and turns off the ceiling lighting fixture 13 of the area 4 judged that there is no office worker.

  Moreover, the control part 25 performs lighting control of the light-guide plate 14 based on the brightness feeling felt by the office worker who is present by the lighting device and the daylight utilization window that are lit. More specifically, the control unit 25 calculates the index value of the brightness feeling using the formula (1) for estimating the brightness feeling. Then, based on the calculated index value, the feeling of brightness felt by the attended office worker is estimated.

  Then, the control unit 15 selects the light guide plate 14 to be lit and sets the dimming rate of the light guide plate 14 to be lit so that the brightness index value thus calculated is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. Then, the selected light guide plate 14 is turned on at the set dimming rate.

  Next, the lighting processing operation of the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and the light guide plate 14 by the control unit 25 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the processing operation of the control unit, and FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the estimation processing operation of the feeling of brightness obtained by daylight in FIG.

  As illustrated in FIG. 9, the control unit 25 performs Steps S1 to S7 as in the first embodiment. That is, the control unit 25 selects a brightness sensation index (step S1), and sets a required value of the brightness sensation index value (step S2). And the control part 25 determines whether the office worker is present in the predetermined area 4 by detecting the fluctuation | variation of the detection information by the human sensor 11 (step S3, step S4). And the control part 25 complete | finishes lighting control, when the detection information of the human sensor 11 does not fluctuate, and continues lighting control, when the detection information of the human sensor 11 fluctuates. Then, the control unit 25 estimates the seated area (step S5), turns off the ceiling lighting fixture 13 in the absent seating area, and uses the lighting lighting fixture 13 that is lit to make the office worker seated in the seating area. Is estimated (step S7).

  Thereafter, the control unit 25 determines whether or not the information detected by the daylight sensor 26 has changed (step S31).

  And if the control part 25 determines with the detection information by the daylight sensor 26 not changing (step S32: NO), it will judge that it is not necessary to newly estimate the feeling of brightness obtained by daylight, It progresses to step S35 mentioned later.

  On the other hand, if the control part 25 determines that the detection information by the daylight sensor 26 has fluctuated (step S32: YES), the control unit 25 estimates a feeling of brightness obtained by daylight (step S33). Here, the brightness sensation is estimated by calculating the index value of the brightness sensation using the brightness sensation index selected in step S1, as in step S7.

  As shown in FIG. 10, in the estimation of the feeling of brightness obtained by daylight in step S33, weather data is first acquired (step S41). The acquisition of weather data may be performed manually by an operator, or may be performed using an illuminometer (not shown) or a pyranometer (not shown) installed in advance outdoors.

  Next, the control part 25 acquires the data regarding the control state of the solar radiation shielding apparatus 27 (step S42). The control state of the solar radiation shielding device 27 indicates the open / closed state of the blind. And the control part 25 can acquire the data regarding the control state of the solar radiation shielding apparatus 27 by acquiring the opening / closing state of a blind from the solar radiation shielding apparatus 27. FIG.

  Next, based on the data acquired in step S41 and the control state of the solar shading device 27 acquired in step S42, the control unit 25 uses the brightness index selected in step S1 to obtain the brightness obtained by daylight. A feeling index value is calculated (step S43). That is, the daylight utilization window is regarded as a planar illuminating body like the light guide plate 14, and first, the daylight using the above formula (1) according to the luminance of the daylight utilization window and the solid angle of the daylight utilization window. The average luminance obtained from the use window is calculated as an index value for the feeling of brightness.

  When the estimation of the feeling of brightness obtained by daylight is completed in this way, as shown in FIG. 9, the control unit 25 obtains the feeling of brightness obtained by the ceiling lighting fixture 13 estimated in step S7, and step S33. The brightness feeling obtained from the daylight estimated in (2) is added to estimate the brightness feeling obtained from the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and daylight (step S34).

  Next, the control part 25 determines whether the index value of the brightness feeling obtained by the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and daylight is below a predetermined value (step S35). That is, in step S35, the determination is made based on whether or not the brightness index value calculated in step S34 is equal to or less than the required value set in step S2.

  When the control unit 25 determines that the index value of the brightness feeling obtained by the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and daylight is larger than the predetermined value (step S35: NO), the brightness feeling felt by the office worker is sufficient. Therefore, the process is terminated without performing the lighting process of the light guide plate 14.

  On the other hand, when the control unit 25 determines that the index value of the brightness feeling obtained by the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and daylight is equal to or less than the predetermined value (step S35: YES), the brightness feeling felt by the office worker is insufficient. It is determined that there is, and the lighting process of the light guide plate 14 is performed as in the first embodiment (step S9).

  Here, with reference to FIG. 11, the operation of the illumination device 10 according to the present embodiment will be described in comparison with a conventional illumination device without the light guide plate 14. 11A and 11B are diagrams for explaining a feeling of brightness. FIG. 11A is a diagram showing a lighting state of a ceiling lighting fixture in a conventional lighting device, and FIG. 11B is a diagram showing a feeling of brightness in the conventional lighting device. The figure which showed the state which turned on the ceiling lighting fixture so that it may not be impaired, (c) is the figure which showed the state which lighted the light-guide plate 14 in this embodiment. In addition, in the figure, the illumination colored in gray has shown the state lighted, and the broken-line circle has shown the part illuminated brightly by illumination light.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, in the conventional lighting device, the ceiling lighting fixture 13 is turned off in the area 4 where the office worker is absent, and only the ceiling lighting fixture 13 in the area 4 where the office worker is present is lit. Is done. Then, the lighting of the ceiling illuminator 13 brightly illuminates the desk surface of the office worker, and part of the ceiling surface is brightened by reflection from the desk surface, but the ceiling surface and wall surface around the office worker are dark. Become. Thereby, since the ceiling surface and wall surface which became dark by the extinction of the ceiling lighting fixture 13 occupy the visual field of the office worker, the feeling of brightness is greatly reduced and the office worker is uncomfortable.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11B, when the office worker turns on the ceiling lighting device 13 in the absent area 4, the ceiling surface and wall surface around the office worker are brightly illuminated. As a result, the ceiling and walls illuminated brightly occupy the worker's field of view, so that the worker can work comfortably with a sufficient sense of brightness. However, in order to brightly illuminate the ceiling surface and wall surface to such an extent that the office worker feels a sufficient brightness, more ceiling lighting fixtures 13 must be lit, which requires a large amount of power consumption.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG.11 (c), the light-guide plate 14 arrange | positioned within the predetermined distance from the office worker is lighted. Then, many of the ceiling surfaces and wall surfaces that have become dark due to the lights off of the ceiling lighting fixtures 13 within the field of view of the office worker are hidden by a smaller number of light guide plates 14 than the ceiling lighting fixtures 13 that are turned on in FIG. This hidden portion can be replaced with a lighted light guide plate 14. Thereby, a feeling of brightness equivalent to lighting the ceiling lighting fixture 13 can be given to the office worker with less power consumption than lighting the ceiling lighting fixture 13 in the absent seat area.

Next, examples of the present embodiment will be described. In this example, 15 90 W ceiling lighting fixtures 13 were installed in the open office 1 of about 60 m ² . And as shown in FIG.12 and FIG.13, the stationary light-guide plate 14a was standingly arranged on the upper surface of the low partition 5 installed in the back | inner side of the desk 2 of the office worker. The stationary light guide plate 14a had a width of 120 cm and a height of 20 cm, and the distance between the stationary light guide plate 14a and the office worker was 70 cm.

  Then, the following three states (1) to (3) were reproduced, and a digital photograph was taken from the worker's viewpoint position, and a contour map was generated from the digital photograph taken by the fisheye lens from the worker's viewpoint position.

  State (1) is a state in which all the ceiling lighting fixtures 13 are turned on and the stationary light guide plate 14a is turned off.

  State (2) is a state in which the ceiling light fixture 13 is turned off except for the area around the seated area, and the stationary light guide plate 14a is also turned off. That is, only six ceiling lighting fixtures 13 were lit around the seated area, and the others were turned off.

  State (3) is a state in which the ceiling light fixture 13 is turned off except around the seating area, and the stationary light guide plate 14a is turned on. That is, only six ceiling lighting fixtures 13 were lit around the seated area, and the others were turned off.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the state (1), where (a) shows a luminance distribution and (b) shows a contour map. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the state (2), where (a) shows a luminance distribution and (b) shows a contour map. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the state (3), where (a) shows a luminance distribution and (b) shows a contour map.

In each state, three items were measured: (a) luminance distribution, (b) average luminance (index of brightness), and (c) electric energy. Note that (a) the luminance distribution shows the luminance [cd / m ² ] at two points A and B in FIGS. 14A to 16A as measured values, and (b) the average luminance is The average value of the luminance of all points in the field of view is shown. (C) The electric energy is shown by the electric energy consumed for lighting the ceiling lighting fixture 13 and the stationary light guide plate 14a.

The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

As shown in Table 1, in the state (1) where the ceiling lighting fixture 13 is fully lit, the brightness at point A is as high as 180 [cd / m ² ] and the brightness at point B is as high as 70 [cd / m ² ]. The luminance is as high as 85 [cd / m ² ], but the amount of power is also high as 21.9 [W / m ² ]. Then, in the state (2) in which the ceiling lighting device 13 is turned off except around the seating area, the electric energy is reduced to 8.8 [W / m ² ], but the luminance at the point A is 15 [cd / m ² ]. The average brightness was lowered to 40 [cd / m ² ].

On the other hand, in the state (3) where the stationary light guide plate 14a is turned on, the luminance at the point A is 70 [cd / m ² ] even though the amount of power is reduced to 9.3 [W / m ² ]. It was much higher than the state (2), and the average luminance was 85 [cd / m ² ], the same level as the state (1).

  From these results, when the ceiling illuminator 13 in the absent seat area is turned off, the light guide plate 14 is turned on, so that the average luminance, which is one of the indicators of brightness, is extremely increased with a slight increase in power consumption. It turns out that it can be kept high.

  Thus, according to the lighting device 10 according to the present embodiment, when a part or all of the ceiling lighting fixtures 13 installed on the ceiling of the open office 1 are turned off, the ceiling surface and wall surface of the open office 1 are dark. However, by turning on the light guide plate 14, the light guide plate 14 emits light on the ceiling surface and the wall surface darkened by the extinguishing of the ceiling lighting fixture 13 from the field of view of the office worker present in the open office 1. Can be hidden. For this reason, a brightness feeling can be improved, without installing the partition wall etc. which inhibit the continuity of space. Moreover, since the light guide plate 14 is arranged at a position closer to the office than the ceiling surface and wall surface hidden by the light guide plate 14, the light guide plate 14 having a small area hides the ceiling surface and wall surface of a large area. Can do. Thereby, compared with the case where a ceiling surface and a wall surface are illuminated directly, a brightness feeling can be improved with little power consumption.

  By making the light guide plate 14 transparent, the back of the light guide plate 14 can be seen through from the office worker when the light guide plate 14 is turned off. Can be relaxed.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, since the light guide plate 14 is automatically turned on by the control unit 15 according to the brightness feeling at the worker's viewpoint position, it is assumed that some ceiling lighting devices 13 are turned off. However, it is possible to suppress a decrease in brightness.

  As the solid angle of the light guide plate 14 as viewed from the viewpoint position of the office worker increases, the ratio of the light guide plate 14 in the field of view of the office worker increases, and the feeling of brightness felt by the office worker increases. By calculating the index value of the feeling of brightness based on the solid angle of each light guide plate 14 viewed from the viewpoint position, the lighting control of the light guide plate 14 can be performed efficiently.

  In addition, the control unit 15 selects the light guide plate 14 to be lit so that the total solid angle of the light guide plate 14 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, so that the proportion of the light guide plate 14 that emits light in the field of view of the worker is predetermined. Since the value can be greater than or equal to the value, even if some of the ceiling lighting fixtures 13 are turned off, the predetermined brightness can be maintained.

  And the feeling of brightness can be improved more efficiently by selecting the light guide plate 14 to be turned on by the control unit 15 in order of increasing solid angle.

  In addition, since the brightness of the worker at the viewpoint position also changes by changing the light control rate of the light guide plate 14, the control unit 15 sets the light control rate of the light guide plate 14 to be turned on. The feeling of brightness at the viewpoint position of the person can be further finely adjusted.

  And since the solid angle of the light guide plate 14 viewed from the office worker can be increased by orienting the light guide plate 14 in a direction that obstructs the viewing direction of the office worker, the feeling of brightness can be effectively improved. .

  And since the solid angle of the light guide plate 14 viewed from the front and back sides of the light guide plate 14 can be made the same by directing the light guide plate 14 in the horizontal direction, the difference in brightness due to the difference in the seated position is suppressed. can do.

  Further, by placing the stationary light guide plate 14a and the partition light guide plate 14b on the low partition 5 and the high partition 6 which are office furniture, the planar lighting body can be brought closer to the office worker. Thereby, since the solid angle of the light guide plate 14 viewed from the office worker can be increased, the feeling of brightness can be effectively improved with less power consumption.

  In addition, by suspending the vertical wall type light guide plate 14d from the ceiling of the open office 1, the planar illumination body can be disposed above the normal line-of-sight position of the office worker. For this reason, a feeling of brightness can be improved in a more natural state without giving the worker a sense of incongruity.

  Further, the screen-type light guide plate 14c is directly erected on the floor surface of the open office 1, so that the planar illuminator can be arranged even in a space where office furniture is not installed. For this reason, even when a ceiling surface or wall surface darkened by turning off the ceiling light fixture 13 enters the office worker's field of view through a space where no furniture is arranged, the screen type light guide plate 14c that emits light from the ceiling surface and wall surface. Can be concealed, so that the brightness can be improved.

  Moreover, according to the illuminating device 20 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, the control part 25 selects the light-guide plate 14 to light in consideration of the brightness feeling obtained by the daylight utilization window which can use daylight, Since the number of light guide plates 14 to be lit can be reduced, a feeling of brightness can be ensured with less power consumption.

  The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the light guide plate 14 has been described as an example of a planar illumination body. However, any material, shape, or structure may be used as long as it emits light and has transparency when turned off. Also good. For example, a glass plate may be used instead of the acrylic plate 141.

  In addition, the stationary light guide plate 14a and the partition light guide plate 14b that are erected on the office furniture have been described as being erected on the low partition 5 and the high partition 6; It may be erected on various office furniture arranged inside, for example, it may be erected on a desk or a bookshelf.

  In the above embodiment, the control unit 15 has been described as calculating the index value of the brightness based on the solid angle of the light guide plate 14 and the distance of the light guide plate 14 from the occupancy area. The index value of the feeling of brightness may be calculated based on the form factor of the light guide plate 14 and the illuminance / luminance of the light guide plate 14.

  In the above embodiment, the control unit 15 has been described as performing evaluation of brightness, selection of the light guide plate 14, and the like in area 4 units, but depending on the accuracy of the human sensor 7, the control unit 15 Or may be performed in a wider area unit.

  In the above embodiment, the light guide plate lighting process (S9) has been described as estimating the brightness feeling based on the database. However, the brightness feeling estimation based on the actual measurement using the brightness sensor 12 or the like is performed. It may be done.

  In the second embodiment, the daylight sensor 26 is provided to determine whether or not daylight can be used from the daylight use window. By detecting the time, it may be determined whether the daylight can be used from the daylight use window.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Open office, 2 ... Desk, 3 ... Chair, 4 ... Area, 5 ... Low partition, 6 ... High partition, 7 ... Human sensor, 10 ... Illumination device, 11 ... Human sensor, 12 ... Brightness sensor, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Ceiling lighting fixture, 14 ... Light guide plate, 14a ... Stationary type light guide plate, 14b ... Partition type light guide plate, 14c ... Screen type light guide plate, 14d ... Vertical wall type light guide plate, 15 ... Control part, 20 ... Illuminating device, 25 ... Control part, 26 ... Daylight sensor, 27 ... Solar radiation shielding device, 141 ... Acrylic plate, 142 ... LED, 143 ... Light emission processing surface, 144 ... Reflecting plate.

Claims (3)

One or more planar illuminators that emit surface light ;
A controller for lighting the planar illumination body;
Have
The said control part selects the said planar illumination body to light based on the brightness feeling seen from the viewpoint position of the office worker, The illumination device characterized by the above-mentioned. One or more planar illuminators that emit surface light ;
A controller for lighting the planar illumination body;
Have
The said control part dimmes the said planar illumination body based on the brightness feeling seen from the viewpoint position of the office worker, The illuminating device characterized by the above-mentioned.   The planar illuminator is oriented in a direction that obstructs the viewing direction of the office worker;
The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2.