JP5583420B2 - Human body dummy head - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a human body dummy head that exhibits physical properties very similar to those of a human head and is used for predictive evaluation of injuries to humans.

  Conventionally, in crash tests for automobiles and pedestrian protection tests in the case of a car-to-pedestrian collision, a human body model for crash test (human body dummy) or head impactor has been used as a measurement tool for predicting human injury. An evaluation apparatus using the is used. Then, for example, a human body dummy is mounted on a car to perform a collision test, or a head impactor is injected into a bonnet to perform a pedestrian protection test, and data obtained from these tests is analyzed with an evaluation device. By using it, the collision safety performance and pedestrian protection performance of automobiles have been improved.

  In a head impactor for protecting a pedestrian used for such an evaluation apparatus, a head skin (for example, refer to Patent Document 1 (page 2-4, FIG. 1)) constituting the skin portion of the head impactor is used. The applicant has filed an application. This head skin is formed using a vinyl chloride resin having a polymerization degree of 3000 to 3500, and is configured to be shared by a plurality of types of tests such as international standards and EU standards.

JP 2003-207212 A

  However, research and development of human body dummy and head impactor are still in the process of development, and evaluation using human body dummy and head impactor with characteristics closer to the human body by further improving impact response characteristics and damage reproducibility etc. The current situation is that the need for testing is being screamed worldwide. This realizes a human body dummy and head impactor that more closely approximates the human body structure and improves performance such as bio-fidelity, and these are used by humans such as car crash safety performance and pedestrian protection performance This is because it is expected to contribute to the improvement of overall safety in transportation.

  For example, in an evaluation device using the head of a human body dummy or a head impactor at present, the brain injury level can be evaluated by measuring the impact level to the brain by the head injury value (HIC). There is a problem that it is difficult to evaluate skin damage such as laceration of the head.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a human body dummy head that can evaluate skin damage such as a laceration of the head in order to eliminate the above-described problems caused by the prior art.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, a human body dummy head according to the present invention includes a skeleton portion made of a metal-based material, an endothelium portion made of a urethane rubber-based material covering the outer periphery of the skeleton portion, And an outer skin part made of a silicon-based material covering the outer periphery of the inner skin part.

  The human body dummy head according to the present invention may include an acceleration sensor that measures acceleration in three axial directions attached to the skeleton.

  Further, in the human body dummy head according to the present invention, the mounting angle of the neck portion made of a metal material and a rubber material attached to the skeleton portion and the body portion of the human body dummy or the injection mechanism can be varied. And an attachment portion to be attached.

  Moreover, in the human body dummy head according to the present invention, the silicon-based material constituting the outer skin portion may be mixed with a non-adhesive fine solid. In this case, the non-adhesive fine solid may be nylon fiber, sand, or ceramic powder.

  In the human body dummy head according to the present invention, when the silicon-based material is silicon and non-adhesive microsolid, the volume of silicon is α and the volume of non-adhesive microsolid is β: α: It may be configured to be mixed at a mixing ratio satisfying a proportional expression of β = 100: 0.1.

  In the human body dummy head according to the present invention, it is preferable that the outer skin portion has a tensile strength of 2 to 20 [MPa] and a tear strength of 2 to 20 [kN / m]. .

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a human body dummy head that exhibits physical properties more similar to a human body and can evaluate skin damage such as a laceration of the head.
Therefore, various tests using the human body dummy head according to the present invention are carried out, and the test data obtained thereby are analyzed and used, thereby contributing to further improvement in safety.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the principal part of the human body dummy head concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the whole structure of a human body dummy head. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of evaluation apparatuses, such as a head impact using a human body dummy head. It is a figure which shows the calibration test method of a human body dummy head. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the principal part of the other human body dummy head concerning one Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a human body dummy head according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to each claim, and all combinations of features described in the embodiments are not necessarily essential to the solution means of the invention. .

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a human body dummy head for head injury (impact and laceration) evaluation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an example of the entire configuration of the human body dummy head. It is explanatory drawing which shows.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a configuration example of a head impact evaluation apparatus using a human body dummy head according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows a calibration test method for the human body dummy head. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of the main part of another human body dummy head according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a human body dummy head 10 according to this embodiment includes, for example, a skeleton portion 11 made of a metallic material formed in a hemispherical shape and a skin surrounding (covering) a hemispherical outer periphery of the skeleton portion 11. Part 12 and an acceleration sensor 15 that measures the acceleration in the three-axis direction and is arranged at the center of the skeleton part 11.

  The human body dummy head 10 includes an end plate 16 made of a metallic material that is attached and fixed to the base end side of the skeleton part 11 via a bolt 17 or the like. The acceleration sensor 15 is disposed at the center of the skeleton 11 by being attached to the end plate 16, for example. The acceleration sensor 15 may not be attached when the impact of the human body dummy head 10 is not evaluated.

  The human body dummy head 10 includes, for example, a neck portion 20 made of a metal material and a rubber material, and a neck portion 20 via a occipital condyle projection 18 formed on the end plate 16 as shown in FIG. Is further provided with a mounting portion (bracket) 30 that is mounted on the body dummy body (not shown) and the mounting base 40 of the injection mechanism so that the mounting angle is variable.

  Further, the skin part 12 of the human body dummy head 10 according to the present embodiment includes an inner skin part 13 made of a urethane rubber material covering the outer periphery of the skeleton part 11 and an outer skin made of a silicon material covering the outer periphery of the inner skin part 13. Part 14. The thickness of the skin portion 12 is set to be different depending on the type of adult male, adult female, 6-year-old child, 3-year-old child, etc. It is set to be almost the same.

  Specifically, for example, the thickness of each part of the human body dummy head 10 of the outer skin part 14 is set in a range of 3 mm to 10 mm depending on the test site, and is determined as follows. That is, the top of the head is set to 4.7 mm (or a range of 4 to 6 mm), and the back of the head is set to 4.5 mm (or a range of 3 to 6 mm).

  Further, in the case where the skin portion 12 is formed on the forehead portion, the cheek portion, and the chin portion like the human body dummy head portion 10 shown in FIG. 5, the forehead portion is 4 mm (or 3 mm) together with the above-mentioned top portion and the back head portion. Is set to 8 mm (or a range of 7 to 9 mm) for the cheek, and 8.8 mm (or a range of 8 to 10 mm) for the jaw. The hardness of the outer skin portion 14 is set to 5 to 20 in Shore hardness A (Shore A).

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the head impact etc. evaluation device 100, the human body dummy head 10 configured in this manner is moved from the specific height by the injection mechanism 101 with respect to the hood 81 of the car 80. Drop at a specific angle and a specific injection speed. Then, an HIC value obtained by an arithmetic unit (not shown) provided with a CPU or the like is measured from the resultant acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor 15, and the state of brain damage is evaluated in a pseudo manner based on the HIC value. .

  At the same time, in the head impact and other evaluation device 100, whether or not skin damage such as a laceration occurs in the outer skin portion 14 of the skin portion 12 due to the impact when the human body dummy head 10 collides with the bonnet 81 or the like occurs. It is possible to check and evaluate the state of scratches. For this reason, the human body dummy head 10 is configured to exhibit physical properties that more closely approximate the human body.

  Note that the required specifications are also defined for the calibration test of the human body dummy head 10, and each of the predetermined conditions in the international standard (ISO / SC10 / WG2) and EU standard (EEVC / WG17) The maximum synthetic acceleration measured when the human body dummy head 10 is dropped on a rigid steel plate under a specific condition is required to fall within a predetermined range.

  In the calibration test, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the human body dummy head 10 is suspended from the release device 3 by the hanging thread 2 and dropped onto the steel plate 4. The drop height h and the drop angle θ are set according to the ISO or EEVC standard described above. The temperature of the test environment is 21 to 21.5 ° C., and the humidity is set to a range of 48 to 58%, which is performed so as to satisfy the requirements of ISO and EEVC.

  Here, as a concrete material of each part constituting the human body dummy head 10, for example, a metal material constituting a part of the skeleton part 11 and the neck part 20 is an aluminum material, and another part of the neck part 20 is constituted. Butyl rubber is used for the rubber material, soft foaming urethane is used for the urethane rubber material constituting the inner skin 13 of the skin 12, and soft silicon is used for the silicon material constituting the outer skin 14 of the skin 12. Is preferred. By adopting these materials, it is possible to realize the human body dummy head 10 that exhibits physical properties more similar to those of the human body.

  Furthermore, in the human body dummy head 10 according to the present embodiment, in order to cause the skin portion 12 to be damaged in the same manner as the human skin when an impact is applied, the silicon-based material that forms the outer skin portion 14 is used. In other words, a non-adhesive fine solid is mixed. Specifically, the silicon-based material constituting the outer skin portion 14 according to the present embodiment is configured by mixing silicon and a non-adhesive micro solid, and the volume of silicon is α, and the non-adhesive micro solid is formed. When the volume is β, the mixing ratio satisfies the proportional expression of α: β = 100: 0.1. Moreover, a hardening | curing agent may be mixed with these as needed. In this case, the mixing ratio of the curing agent is 0.5% by weight.

  The mixing ratio of the silicon-based material constituting the outer skin portion 14 is a knowledge obtained by the inventors' great efforts, and the skin portion 12 having the outer skin portion 14 formed by the mixing ratio is provided. It has been confirmed that the human body dummy head 10 shows a very similar appearance to the skin of the human head when a laceration occurs.

  The non-adhesive micro solid is mixed into the silicon-based material by mixing the non-adhesive micro solid into the silicon-based material. This is because it becomes the starting point of destruction and can obtain the same damage state as human skin. Incidentally, it has been confirmed by experiments of the inventors that silicon-based materials alone cannot exhibit the same appearance as human skin because the bonding strength of the materials themselves is too strong.

  Specific materials that can be used for non-adhesive fine solids include nylon fibers, granular materials such as sand or ceramic powder, and other human hair, such as human hair, that can destroy silicon-based materials. Anything can be used as long as it is a starting point. In particular, when a non-adhesive micro solid with a shape similar to that obtained by cutting human hair into a length of 1 to 2 mm is employed, it is possible to obtain a state that is very similar to the appearance when the human skin is torn or cracked. This is a suitable material.

  Here, a method for manufacturing the outer skin portion 14 made of a silicon-based material mixed with a non-adhesive fine solid will be briefly described. First, silicon and non-adhesive micro solids that are constituent materials of the outer skin portion 14 are accurately weighed. The weighing of the material here is based on the mixing ratio obtained by the inventor's efforts. For example, when the volume of silicon is α and the volume of the non-adhesive fine solid is β, it is accurately performed so that a proportional expression of α: β = 100: 0.1 holds.

  Next, the material is agitated and degassed, and the material is poured into a mold designed and molded so that the skin 14 is formed on the surface of the endothelium 13, and after 8 to 24 hours, the material is removed from the mold. Take out. The defoaming time is 10 to 30 minutes. Finally, it is confirmed whether air bubbles are not mixed in the formed outer skin part 14 or whether the overall shape is normal, etc., and burrs and the like are removed and finishing is performed. Thus, the outer skin part 14 of the human body dummy head 10 according to the present embodiment is formed.

  In addition, about the outer skin part 14 of the human body dummy head 10 concerning this embodiment formed in this way, it has 2-20 [MPa] tensile strength and 2-20 [kN / m] tear strength, for example. It is possible. About this tensile strength, the average value of the tensile (damage) strength of an adult scalp is 15-20 [MPa], for example.

  Moreover, when the tensile (damage) strength of the scalp according to age was examined, the scalp of a child of 3 to 6 years old showed a tensile strength of 2.0 to 15 [MPa]. It is known that the scalp exhibits a tensile strength of 15-18 [MPa]. Therefore, according to the human body dummy head 10 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to perform a test that covers the tensile strength of the head of a human body of any age group, and therefore any age group can be assumed by using this test result. It is possible to contribute to the improvement of safety in the transport means.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the range as described in embodiment mentioned above. That is, various changes or improvements can be added to the above embodiment. For example, the size, weight, etc. of the human body dummy head 10 can be any size depending on whether the evaluation object is a child or an adult, and in accordance with the international standards mentioned above. Is defined as follows.

  Specifically, for example, assuming an adult male head, as shown in FIG. 2, when the outer diameter of the human body dummy head 10 is a and the distance from the center to the lower end is b, The outer diameter a is 165 ± 5 mm, and the distance b is 53.5 ± 5 mm. When an adult female or a 6-year-old child's head is assumed, the outer diameter a is 165 ± 5 mm and the distance b is 44 ± 5 mm.

  Furthermore, when the head of a 3-year-old child is assumed, the outer diameter a is 130 ± 5 mm, and the distance b is 48.5 ± 5 mm. The weight / crossing of the human body dummy head 10 is 4.5 / ± 0.3 kg for an adult male, 3.5 / ± 0.3 kg for an adult female or a 6-year-old child, and 2. for a 3-year-old child. 8 / ± 0.2 kg.

  On the other hand, the weight / intersection of the neck 20 is 1.8 / ± 0.1 kg for adult men, 0.9 / ± 0.1 kg for adult women and 6-year-old children, and 0.8 / ± for 3-year-old children. 0.1 kg. The characteristics are set in accordance with CFR (Federal Legislation Guide), Title 49, Part 572 for each of an adult male, an adult female / 6-year-old child, and a 3-year-old child.

  In addition, regarding the characteristics of the mounting portion 30, it is assumed that the mounting angle can be adjusted for adult males and adult females / 6-year-old children, and that there is no such for 3-year-old children. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the outer skin part 14 can be arbitrarily selected depending on whether the evaluation target is a child or an adult.

  The selection and setting of these elements may be performed based on, for example, data on the human body as shown in Tables 1 to 6 below, and forms with the above changes and improvements are also within the technical scope of the present invention. It can be included from the description of the claims. The human body dummy head 10 described above can be used not only for evaluation of head impact and the like, but also for evaluation of general industrial equipment related to humans such as a care support robot.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Human body dummy head 11 Skeletal part 12 Skin part 13 Endothelial part 14 Outer skin part 15 Acceleration sensor 16 End plate 17 Bolt 18 Occipital condyle projection part 20 Neck part 30 Attachment part (bracket)
40 Mounting base

Claims (6)

A skeleton part made of a metal-based material, an inner skin part made of a urethane rubber-based material covering the outer periphery of the skeleton part, and an outer skin part made of a silicon-based material covering the outer periphery of the inner skin part ,
Wherein the said silicon-based material constituting the outer skin portion, anthropomorphic head nonstick fine solid is characterized that you have been mixed.   The human body dummy head according to claim 1, further comprising an acceleration sensor attached to the skeleton for measuring acceleration in three axial directions.   A neck portion made of a metal-based material and a rubber-based material attached to the skeleton portion, and an attachment portion that attaches the neck portion to a body body of a human body dummy or an attachment base of an injection mechanism with a variable attachment angle. The human body dummy head according to claim 1 or 2. The human body dummy head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the non-adhesive fine solid is nylon fiber, sand, or ceramic powder. The silicon-based material has a proportional formula of α: β = 100: 0.1, where silicon and non-adhesive micro solid are α and the volume of the non-adhesive micro solid is β. The human body dummy head according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the human body dummy head is configured to be mixed at a satisfying mixing ratio. The human body dummy head according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the outer skin portion has a tensile strength of 2 to 20 [MPa] and a tear strength of 2 to 20 [kN / m]. A human body dummy head characterized by

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