JP5581328B2 - 液体吸収材 - Google Patents
液体吸収材 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5581328B2 JP5581328B2 JP2011538056A JP2011538056A JP5581328B2 JP 5581328 B2 JP5581328 B2 JP 5581328B2 JP 2011538056 A JP2011538056 A JP 2011538056A JP 2011538056 A JP2011538056 A JP 2011538056A JP 5581328 B2 JP5581328 B2 JP 5581328B2
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- silver
- absorbent material
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- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
- A61L15/28—Polysaccharides or their derivatives
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- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
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- A61L15/46—Deodorants or malodour counteractants, e.g. to inhibit the formation of ammonia or bacteria
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- C08B37/0084—Guluromannuronans, e.g. alginic acid, i.e. D-mannuronic acid and D-guluronic acid units linked with alternating alpha- and beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds; Derivatives thereof, e.g. alginates
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Description
本発明は、このような点に鑑みて創作されたものであり、その目的は、体液の吸収に優れ、創傷ケア用の包帯として有用な液体吸収材を提供することにある。
ここで、1テックス(tex)とは、繊維1000mあたり重量1gの線密度をいう。また、1デシテックス(dtex)とは、0.1テックス、すなわち繊維10000mあたり重量1gの線密度をいう。
あるいは、アルカリ化反応及びスルホン酸アルキル化反応は、2つの反応ステップにより実行可能であり、セルロースをまずアルカリで、その後スルホン酸アルキル化剤で処理する。又は、まずスルホン酸アルキル化剤で、その後アルカリで処理する。
(a)セルロースをアルカリと共に処理し、
(b)ステップ(a)の製品をスルホン酸アルキル又はその塩、或いはスルホン酸クロロメタン又はその塩と反応させ、
(c)ステップ(b)の製品を分離する別々のステップを含み、唯一の溶媒は水である。
この2ステップのプロセスは、ステップ(b)で使用される水の量が(乾燥)セルロースの重さの1070%より大きい場合、驚くほど有益である。
熱可塑性のバイオコンポーネントファイバを適用する方法は、EP0740554、EP0171806、エジマ(Ejima)らによる米国特許第5456982号明細書、ダビース(Davies)による米国特許第4189338号明細書、ダビース(Davies)による米国特許第3511747号明細書、及びレーボック(Reitboeck)らによる米国特許第3597731号明細書に記載されている。
好ましい熱可塑性のバイオコンポーネントファイバは商業的に入手可能である。適した熱可塑性バイオコンポーネントファイバは、複合液体吸収材の30、25、20、18、16、14、12、10、8、6又は4重量%或いはその間のいかなる範囲をも含む。熱可塑性バイオコンポーネントファイバは好ましくは、16.7デシテックスまでの約1.7、1.9、2.1、2.3、2.4、2.6、2.8、3.0、3.2、3.4、3.8、4.0、4.2、4.4、4.6、4.8、5.0デシテックス又はその間のいかなる範囲の線密度をも含む。しかし驚くべきことに、高密度の繊維(例えば4.0デシテックス)が多量(例えば20%)のスルホン酸アルキルセルロースを含む液体吸収材に組み込まれた場合、液体吸収材の吸収性は損なわれないことが発見された。さらに、低い線密度の補強繊維の使用により繊維の重量を減らし、結果として透明度が高まる。よって、一つの態様では、熱可塑性のバイオコンポーネントファイバは好ましくは液体吸収材の約10から30重量%(より好ましくは約10から20%、さらに好ましくは約10から13%)を有し、約1.7から4.0デシテックス(より好ましくは1.7から1.9デシテックス)の線密度を有する。繊維を一緒に溶解する時の温度は通常90から162℃であり、好ましくは約120から125℃である。
リヨセル繊維を生成するプロセスの例は、マックコースリー(McCorsley)らの米国特許第4142913号明細書、第4144080号明細書、第4211574号明細書、第4246221号明細書及び第4416698号明細書その他に記載されている。ジュルコビック(Jurkovic)らの米国特許第5252284号明細書及びミシェル(Michels)らの米国特許第5417909号明細書は特に、NMMOに溶解するセルロース回転のための押し出しノズルの形状を扱っている。ブランナー(Brandner)らの米国特許第4426228号明細書は、加熱したNMMO溶液内のセルロース及び/又は溶媒分解を防止するため安定剤として作用する様々な化合物の使用を開示する多数の特許の一例である。フランク(Franks)らの米国特許第4145532号明細書及び第4196282号明細書は、アミン・オキシド溶媒にセルロースを溶解することと、セルロースを高濃度にすることの困難さを扱っている。
あるリヨセル製品は現在、TENCEL(登録商標)繊維として商業的に入手可能である。これらのセルロース繊維を、製品の完全性において役立つ不織布構造に含める方法は周知であり、例えばGB1207352を参照されたい。一つの態様においては、リヨセル繊維は複合液体吸収材の26、24、22、20、18、16、14、12、10、8、6、又は4重量%又はそれらの間のいかなる範囲をも含む。好ましくは、リヨセル繊維は30デシテックスまでの約0.7、0.9、1.1、1.3、1.5、1.7、1.9、2.1、2.3、2.4、2.6、2.8、3.0、3.2、3.4、3.8、4.0、4.2、4.4、4.6、4.8、5.0、10、15、20、25デシテックス及びそれらの間のいかなる範囲の線密度を含む。
以下の実験例で示すように、意外にも低密度の繊維(例えば約1.2から1.6デシテックス)が多量(例えば約10から30重量%、好ましくは約10から20重量%)の複合液体吸収材に組み入れられた場合、湿潤強度は高められ、一方吸収性は損なわれないことが発見された。特に好適な実施例では、TENCEL(登録商標)繊維は約15から30重量%、例えば20重量%で、スルホン酸エチルセルロース不織材料に組み込まれる。
繊維を2から3mmの群に切断し、0.5gの切断した繊維を100mL容量のねじふた付きのジャーに入れた。50mLの試験液(例えば、創傷体液のイオン濃度をシミュレートするため通常0.9%の生理食塩水が使用される)が加えられ、ジャーを30秒間振って群を拡散させた。拡散液を、真空ポンプを用いて1分につき0.8barより高い真空状態にして、直径42.5mmのワットマンろ紙No.4に適合した47mmのブフナー漏斗でろ過した。その後拡散した繊維を取り出して重さを量った。繊維の自由吸収性を以下の公式を用いて計算した。
吸収性(g/g)={湿った拡散重量(g)/乾燥した群の重量(g)}−1
乾燥した単一繊維の破断に対する強さと伸びの試験を、単一の繊維を保持する適切なジャーと適切な範囲のロードセルに適合した引張試験機を使用して行った。
試験長さ:20mm
荷重範囲:0から10cN
クロスヘッド速度:10mm/分
記録紙送り速さ(使用する場合):10から20mm/分
試験の数:10
平均強さ(cN/tex)=平均破断荷重(cN)×10/平均線密度(dtex)
TENCEL(登録商標)の商標名で知られるリヨセル麻糸の3gのサンプルを、25℃で25分間、水を含む47%水酸化ナトリウムに浸した。その後超過の水酸化ナトリウムを絞って取り除いた。それから繊維に25mLの30%スルホン酸ビニルナトリウム溶液を加え、91℃で90分間加熱した。この後反応混合物は、氷酢酸の滴下によりpH7に中和された。超過した液体が繊維から絞られ、その後繊維は工業用変性アルコール(IMS)と水の混合液(80:20v/v)で2回洗浄された。その後60℃で一定重量まで乾燥し、繊維の吸収性が試験された。
2.5gのTENCEL(登録商標)のサンプルを、47%水酸化ナトリウムに20℃で30分間浸し、その後超過した液体を絞って取り除いた。21mLのスルホン酸ビニルナトリウム(30%水溶液)を繊維の上に注いだ。繊維及び反応物質が入った容器を83℃で2時間加熱し、その後サンプルに氷酢酸を滴下しpHが7になるまで中和した。超過した液体が繊維から絞られ、その後繊維はIMS/水の混合液(80:20v/v)で2回洗浄され、最終的に100%のIMSとなった。60℃で一定重量まで乾燥した後、第1実験例の方法により、0.9%NaCl水溶液を試験液として用いて繊維の吸収性が試験された。9.7g/gの繊維の自由吸収性の値が得られた。
3gのTENCEL(登録商標)繊維を、10mLの47%NaOH溶液と25mLの30%スルホン酸ビニルナトリウム溶液の混合液に浸し、83℃で75分間加熱した。その後反応混合物に酢酸を加え中和し、それから繊維を取り出しIMS/水の混合液(80:20v/v)で洗浄し、最終的に100%のIMSで洗浄した。乾燥を60℃で行った。
3gのTENCEL(登録商標)繊維を、13mLの30%スルホン酸ビニルナトリウム溶液と10mLの47%NaOH溶液の混合液に浸し、83℃で70分間加熱した。その後反応混合物に酢酸を加え中和し、それから繊維を取り出しIMS/水の混合液(80:20v/v)で洗浄し、最終的に100%のIMSで洗浄した。乾燥を60℃で行った。
第3及び第4実験例の最初の材料として使用された同じ群からのTENCEL(登録商標)繊維を、0.9%NaCl水溶液を吸収性試験液として用いて、第1実験例に概略を示した吸収性試験を行った。0.9g/gの繊維の自由吸収性の値が得られた。
EP0616650の教示により調製されたカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)の吸収性を、第1実験例の方法により0.9%の食塩水を吸収液として使用して計測した。食塩水のpHは37%のHClを加えることにより連続的に低減され、それぞれのpHで再び吸収性を計測した。
この実験例では、本発明に従って調製されたスルホン酸エチルセルロース繊維は50mmのステープルに切断され、20重量%、4.0デシテックスの40mmのステープルバイオコンポーネントファイバ(ES−LOWMELT(登録商標))と、サンプルカードを介して混合された。得られた繊維は縫合され、循環オーブン内で125℃で10分間加熱することにより熱結合された。比較例としての補強繊維を含まないスルホン酸エチルセルロース織物も同様の方法で、熱結合ステップを行わずに製造された。
10重量%、1.7デシテックス40mmステープルのバイオコンポーネントファイバ(ES−CURE(登録商標))を含む本発明により調製されたスルホン酸エチルセルロース繊維は、高温で溶解するシース要素のため熱結合ステップが135℃で行われる以外は、第9実験例と同じ方法で製造された。10%、4.0デシテックスES−LOW MELT(登録商標)を含む繊維もまた、第9実験例のように製造された。以下の表2に結果を示す。
この実験例では、TENCEL(登録商標)繊維は20重量%の量でスルホン酸エチルセルロース不織材料に組み入れられた。湿潤強度は大幅に向上し、吸収性はほとんど損なわれないことが分かった。本発明によるスルホン酸エチルセルロース繊維は50mmステープルに切断され、サンプルカードを介して20重量%、1.4デシテックスの50mmステープルのTENCEL(登録商標)繊維に混合された。得られた繊維は縫合された。結果を以下の表3に示す。
この実験例では、銀の水溶液が早期の繊維のゲル化を行わずにスルホン酸エチルセルロースに添加された。一般的に、高濃度の銀塩のエアロゾル溶液が、スルホン酸エチルセルロースにスプレーされ、十分な銀塩が効果的に抗菌するよう添加される。第二のステップとして、銀塩を添加した後、第2の塩が同様に添加される。この添加時期は、第2の塩の陰イオンが銀とイオン結合したとき、創傷体液において制御された望ましい溶解性を有する新たな銀塩が形成されて銀イオンを効果的に放出するように選択されたものである。
この実験例は、WO02/24240に概略が記載された技術を使用して、アルギン酸銀繊維をスルホン酸エチルセルロース繊維と混合するものである。
この実験例では、PHMBを添加したスルホン酸エチルセルロース繊維を、20%のPHMB水溶液を使用して第12実験例で概略を示したスプレー方法により製造し、包帯の重量で0.6%のPHMBを生成した。包帯のサンプルに「牛乳テスト」を行った。包帯は72時間抗菌状態を保ち、比較対照サンプルは24時間後に微生物の生息がみられた。
第1実験例の方法により計測された4.7g/gの繊維吸収性を有するスルホン酸エチルセルロース繊維を50mmステープルに切断し、けば立たせて縫合し、織物を作成した。織物の吸収性は、5cm×5cm平方のサンプル材料の重量(W1)を計量した。次に、サンプルをペトリ皿の水溶液A(ナトリウム/カルシウム溶液)内に置き37℃で30分間放置した。その後一つの角をつまんでサンプルをペトリ皿から取り出し、30秒間水分を抜いた。その後サンプルを再び計量した(W2)。繊維の吸収性は(W2−W1)/W1により得られる。
3gのキトサン繊維を40mLの47%NaOH溶液に25℃で25分間浸し、その後超過した液体を絞って取り除いた。25mLのスルホン酸ビニル(30%水溶液)を繊維の上に注ぎ、83℃で120分間加熱した。その後サンプルに酢酸を加え中和し、それからIMS/水の混合液(80:20v/v)で連続的に洗浄し、最終的に100%のIMSで洗浄した。60℃で乾燥して一定重量にした後、繊維の吸収性を、第1実験例に概略を示した方法で、0.9%の食塩水を使用して調べた。3.7g/gの値が得られた。
Claims (17)
- ポリサッカリドの基が1種類のスルホン酸アルキル基に置換された不水溶性のスルホン酸アルキルポリサッカリドを吸収性物質として含むことを特徴とする液体吸収材。
- 前記ポリサッカリドは、セルロースであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記スルホン酸アルキル基のアルキル部分は、炭素原子数が1から6までの低アルキルであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記スルホン酸アルキル基は、スルホン酸エチル基、1−メチル−スルホン酸エチル基、又は2−メチルースルホン酸エチル基であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記スルホン酸アルキル基はスルホン酸エチル基であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記吸収性物質は、さらに不水溶性のスルホン酸アルキルポリサッカリドと混合又は結合された補強繊維を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記補強繊維は、前記スルホン酸アルキルポリサッカリドと熱結合された熱可塑性バイオコンポーネントファイバを有することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記熱可塑性バイオコンポーネントファイバは、少なくとも2つのポリオレフィンを含むシース−コア型であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記熱可塑性バイオコンポーネントファイバは、前記吸収性物質の10から30重量%を有し、1.7から16.7デシテックスの線密度を有することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記補強繊維はリヨセル繊維であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記リヨセル繊維は、前記吸収性物質の10から30重量%の重量を有し、0.7から30デシテックスの線密度を有することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の液体吸収材。
- さらに抗菌薬を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記抗菌薬は、銀とポリヘキサメチレンビグアナイドとからなる群より選択されることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記スルホン酸アルキルポリサッカリドはスルホン酸アルキルセルロースであり、
前記抗菌薬は銀であり、前記銀は、第1の銀塩及び一価陰イオンを含む第2の塩を加えることにより前記スルホン酸アルキルセルロールに添加され、
前記第2の塩は、前記第1の銀塩の添加前、添加中又は添加後に添加可能であることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の液体吸収材。 - 前記第1の銀塩は、硝酸銀、塩化銀、硫酸銀、乳酸銀、臭化銀、酢酸銀、リン酸銀、炭酸銀、ヨウ化銀、クエン酸銀、ラウリン酸銀、デオキシコール酸銀、サリチル酸銀、パラアミノ安息香酸銀、パラアミノサリチル酸銀及びこれらの混合物から成る群より選択されることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記銀の量は、前記吸収性物質の0.5から10重量%であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の液体吸収材。
- 前記第2の塩の前記一価陰イオンは、塩化物、臭化物、ヨウ化物、クエン酸塩、ステアリン酸塩、サリチル酸塩、炭酸塩、リン酸二水素塩、硫化水素塩、臭酸水素塩、酒石酸水素塩、安息香酸エステル塩、メタンスルホン酸塩、及びp−トルエンスルホン酸塩から成る群より選択されることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の液体吸収材。
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IL213067A (en) | 2016-11-30 |
CN102292112B (zh) | 2015-06-10 |
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SG10201406075RA (en) | 2014-11-27 |
CN102292112A (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
CA2744465A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
KR20110110134A (ko) | 2011-10-06 |
BRPI0920905B1 (pt) | 2018-10-30 |
EP2376132B1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
RU2014122324A (ru) | 2015-12-10 |
AU2009321305B2 (en) | 2015-10-29 |
WO2010061225A2 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
RU2011126177A (ru) | 2013-01-10 |
CA2744465C (en) | 2017-09-19 |
CN104623717A (zh) | 2015-05-20 |
ZA201103830B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
AU2009321305A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
IL213067A0 (en) | 2011-07-31 |
EP2376132A2 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
US20100129633A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
KR101679440B1 (ko) | 2016-11-24 |
RU2669557C2 (ru) | 2018-10-12 |
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