JP5567733B1 - Automatic tool changer for angle tool holder for 5-face machining of vertical machining center - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for automatically changing a tool with respect to an angle tool holder mounted on a tool spindle of a vertical machining center is provided.
A vertical machining center 1 has a table 20 that moves in the X-axis direction on a bed 10, and a portal column 30 includes a tool headstock 70 that moves in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The automatic tool changer 100 supplies the tool T to the tool spindle in a replaceable manner. The tool spindle can be equipped with an angle tool holder 200, and the angle tool holder storage device 300 includes a restricting means that engages with a hole provided in the bottom surface of the angle tool holder 200. The tool of the holder 200 is automatically changed.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer attached to an angle tool holder that is attached to a vertical machining center and enables five-face machining.

When machining workpieces with machining shapes on the top and side surfaces, so-called 5-face machining, with a vertical machining center, by using an angle attachment or angle tool holder that converts the axis to a right angle, The entire process is processed. The upper surface of the workpiece is machined using a normal tool with the tool facing downward, and the side of the workpiece is machined by a mechanism that converts the axis of the tool spindle to turn the tool horizontally, so-called angle machining. The whole work process is performed by one machine.
Here, the angle attachment is a unit designed for a relatively large machine, and the function that automatically replaces the tool attached to the attachment, and the attachment is swung in the horizontal plane and attached to the attachment. Generally, it has a function of changing the orientation of the tool. As a result, the unit itself becomes large and is rarely applied to a small machine.
On the other hand, an angle tool holder is provided for small machines. The angle tool holder is a tool holder that has a spindle that is orthogonal to the axis of the tool spindle to be mounted. It is designed to automatically change the tool spindle in the same way as a normal tool in a mechanism that automatically changes a normal tool. Has been. Some angle tool holders have a function of changing a mounting angle in a horizontal plane with respect to the tool spindle after being gripped by the tool spindle so that a plurality of side surfaces can be machined.
A clamp unit for an angle tool holder and an angle tool holder provided in a vertical machining center are disclosed in the following patent publication by the present applicant.

Japanese Patent No. 4565199 Japanese Patent No. 4542626

The angle tool holder is intended to be applied to small machines as described above, so it is made small and light, and has a mechanism for automatically changing the tool mounted on the angle tool holder. There was no.
The tool mounted on the angle tool holder shown in the above-mentioned patent publication by the applicant is also structured to be fixed with screws.
An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for automatically changing a tool with respect to an angle tool holder mounted on a tool spindle of a vertical machining center.

In order to achieve the above object, a vertical machining center in which the table of the present invention and the tool spindle can move relative to the X, Y, and Z axes is a basic means.
An angle tool holder that is detachably attached to the tool spindle, a tool unclamp operation device, and a tool changer. The angle tool holder includes a shank inserted into the tool spindle, the shank and the spindle. A housing having a transmission mechanism that rotatably supports and transmits the driving force of the shank to the spindle, a collet that is provided on the spindle and clamps a tool, and is inserted into the spindle and moves back and forth to move the collet. A draw bar for clamping or unclamping, a spring mechanism for urging the draw bar toward the side where the collet is clamped, an arm connected to the housing, and a spindle head provided on the arm and mounted with the tool spindle A pull stud bolt to be gripped, and the tool unclamping operation Location comprises a hydraulic piston to push the drawbar of the angle tool holder, a function of automatically replaced with the said angle the tool tool mounted on the holder tool unclamping actuating device and the tool changer.

  And the said tool unclamp actuating device is provided with the control means which controls a part of angle tool holder and receives the force to the axial direction of the said spindle, and the hydraulic piston which pushes the draw bar of an angle tool holder.

  By providing the above means, the machine tool of the present invention can automatically change the optimum tool and perform optimum machining on the workpiece.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire vertical machining center of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a main part of the vertical machining center of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the main part of the vertical machining center of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a main part of the vertical machining center of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the angle tool holder and the automatic tool changer. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a seating confirmation device for an angle tool holder. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an automatic tool change operation of the angle tool holder. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an automatic tool change operation of the angle tool holder. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an automatic tool change operation of the angle tool holder. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an automatic tool change operation of the angle tool holder. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an automatic tool change operation of the angle tool holder. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an automatic tool change operation of the angle tool holder. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an automatic tool change operation of the angle tool holder. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an automatic tool change operation of the angle tool holder. FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing another example of the restriction means for the angle tool holder. FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing another example of the restriction means for the angle tool holder.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vertical machining center provided with a tool changer for an angle tool holder according to the present invention.
The vertical machining center 1 has a table 20 that moves on the bed 10 in the X-axis direction.
A gate-shaped column 30 is erected on the bed 10, and a saddle 40 supported by a guide rail provided on the front surface of the column 30 moves in the Y-axis direction.

A spindle head 50 is mounted on the front surface of the saddle 40 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, and a tool spindle 70 is provided at the lower end of the spindle head 50.
A control device 80 is provided on one side of the bed 10 and is equipped with an operator operation panel (not shown).
On the other side of the bed 10, an automatic tool changer 100 for the tool spindle is installed, and the tool T is automatically changed with respect to the tool spindle 70.

In the vertical machining center 1 of the present invention, the angle tool holder storage device 300 is provided on the side portion of the bed 10 where the control device 80 is provided.
The angle tool holder storage device 300 stores an angle tool holder 200 that is attached to and detached from the tool spindle 70, and also has a function of automatically changing a tool attached to the angle tool holder 200.

2 to 4 are perspective views showing a main configuration of the angle tool holder storage device 300.
The angle tool holder storage device 300 has a base 310 and is mounted on the column 30 so as to project the base 310 out of the machine. A servo motor 320 is attached to the end of the base 310, and the servo motor 320 drives the ball screw 322 to slide the storage device main body bracket 330 supported by the linear guide 312, thereby positioning the tool replacement position and the retracted position. The tool change position is a position where the storage device main body bracket 330 is moved forward and an angle tool holder mounting table 360, which will be described later, is entered into the machine. The retreat position is a position where the storage device main body bracket 330 is moved backward to store the angle tool holder. This is the position where the device 300 is retracted from the machine. By doing so, it is possible to retreat outside the machine at the time of machining and to change the tool by entering the stroke range of the tool spindle inside the machine at the time of tool change. In other words, the tool attached to the angle tool holder can be automatically changed by simply attaching the angle tool holder storage device 300 to the column without extending the Y-axis stroke of the tool spindle 70. This makes it possible to respond flexibly to customer needs.
A drum magazine mounting bracket 340 is provided on the storage apparatus main body bracket 330 via a linear guide 332 so as to be reciprocally movable in the same direction as the movement direction of the storage apparatus main body bracket 330 by a cylinder 335. Positioned. The tool attachment / detachment position is the forward end of the drum magazine mounting bracket 340, and the drum magazine turning position is the backward end. The forward and backward directions of the drum magazine mounting bracket 340 are the same as the forward and backward directions of the storage device main body bracket 330.
A rotating drum magazine 353 and a drum magazine drive motor 355 are mounted on the drum magazine mounting bracket 340. The revolving drum magazine 353 is provided with a gripper 357 to hold an angle processing tool for replacement. The cylinder 335, the drum magazine mounting bracket 340, the revolving drum magazine 353, and the drum magazine drive motor 355 form an angle tool holder automatic tool changer 350.

The angle tool holder automatic tool changer 350 of the present invention stores eight angle processing tools.
On the storage device main body bracket 330, an angle tool holder stand 360 and an unclamp unit 370 are provided adjacent to the angle tool holder stand 360. An angle tool holder positioning pin 380 is provided on the angle tool holder mount 360.

  After the angle tool holder 200 mounted on the tool spindle 70 is positioned on the angle tool holder stand 360, the tool mounted on the angle tool holder 200 is changed. Alternatively, the tool spindle can be unclamped on the spot, and the angle tool holder 200 can be placed on the angle tool holder stand 360 and stored in the angle tool holder storage device 300.

  The angle tool holder positioning pin 380 regulates the angle tool holder 200 by engaging with a hole 204 provided at the bottom of the angle tool holder 200 when exchanging the tool of the angle tool holder 200 to regulate the unclamp unit 370. The function to receive the thrust force of. At this time, the hole 204 operates as an engaging means, and the angle tool holder positioning pin 380 operates as a regulating means. With this configuration, even if the angle tool holder is inferior in rigidity because of its small size and light weight, it does not deform even when it receives external force applied to unclamp the tool, enabling reliable unclamping operation. In addition to this, it is possible to prevent an excessive force from being applied to the bearing, which is an important component of the angle tool holder and the tool spindle that holds the angle tool holder with the tool spindle taper. As a result, bearing failure and shortening of service life are prevented.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the angle tool holder 200, the angle tool holder stand 360, and the unclamp unit 370.
The angle tool holder 200 has a shank 210 that is rotatably supported by the housing 202. The shank 210 is gripped and driven by the tool spindle 70. Three arms 215 extend from the housing 202 in three orthogonal directions excluding the tool mounting surface of the angle tool holder. Pull stud bolts 220 are respectively attached to the upper ends of the arms 215 and are held by the spindle head 50 to support the cutting reaction force during angle machining. One arm is also used according to the required cutting force. Arm and pull stud bolt which is provided to support a cutting reaction force during machining, it is possible to support the external force unclamp the angle machining tools T _1, also contribute to an automatic tool exchange angle toolholder To do.

The lower end of the shank 210 has a bevel gear 230, and the bevel gear 232 that meshes with the bevel gear 230 drives a spindle 240 that is arranged orthogonal to the shank 210.
A draw bar 250 is installed in the spindle 240.

An angle machining tool T ₁ is provided at the tip of the spindle 240 and is gripped by the collet 260.
The draw bar 250 is always urged by the disc spring 252 in the direction in which the collet 260 clamps the tool T ₁ , that is, in the rear end direction of the spindle 240.

Unclamp unit 370 comprises a hydraulic piston 372, the draw bar 250 in the distal end of the hydraulic piston 372, by pressing against the biasing force of the disc spring 252, to open the collet 260 is moved forward the drawbar 250, the tool _{T 1} Unclamp. The unclamp unit 370 and the angle tool holder positioning pin 380 form a tool unclamp actuator.

FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the hole 204 provided in the bottom of the housing 202 of the angle tool holder and the angle tool holder positioning pin 380 inserted into the hole 204.
Both the hole 204 and the angle tool holder positioning pin 380 have a circular horizontal cross-sectional shape, and their centers are arranged on a vertical plane passing through the axis of the spindle 240. In this way, even when subjected to an external force applied to the drawbar 250 in order to unclamp the angle machining tools T _1, without component of the force angle tool holder is rotated is generated, thereby enabling stable operation .
The angle tool holder positioning pin 380 is provided with an air passage extending through the top of the pin at the center. When the positioning pin 380 is engaged with the hole 204, the passage of the air sent from the air supply unit 400 becomes extremely narrow, and as a result, the back pressure of the air increases. By detecting this with the air gap sensor 410, it is confirmed that the angle tool holder 200 is securely seated on the angle tool holder mounting table 360. By confirming this seating, it is possible to avoid a situation in which an external force for unclamping is applied to the draw bar when the seat is not seated correctly and the angle tool holder having low rigidity is damaged.

  7 to 14 show a process of automatically changing the tool of the angle tool holder in the angle tool holder storage device 300.

FIG. 7 shows that the tool T ₁ that has finished the angle processing held by the angle tool holder 200 is replaced with the next tool T ₂ stored in the angle tool holder automatic tool changer 350 of the angle tool holder storage device 300. A preparation process is shown. Specifically, the angle tool holder 200 has completed the angle machining by the tool T ₁ is the orientation of the tool in the horizontal plane and positioned at a predetermined angle, the tool spindle 70 is positioned at a predetermined position in the Y-axis and Z-axis State. The angle tool holder storage device 300 is in a standby state. That is, the storage device main body bracket 330 is positioned at the retracted position, and the drum magazine mounting bracket 340 is positioned at the drum magazine turning position.

  FIG. 8 shows that the servo motor 320 is operated to move the storage device main body bracket 330 on which the angle tool holder automatic tool changing device 350 is mounted in the Y-axis direction to be positioned at the tool changing position, and at the same time, the cylinder 335 is operated. The state where the drum magazine mounting bracket 340 is positioned at the tool attaching / detaching position is shown.

FIG. 9 shows a process in which the spindle head 50 is lowered in the Z-axis direction so that the angle tool holder 200 is seated on the angle tool holder stand 360 and the tool T ₁ is inserted into the gripper 357 of the swiveling drum magazine 353. Indicates.

  As described in FIG. 6, the angle tool holder 200 is seated on the angle tool holder mounting table 360, and the angle tool holder positioning pin 380 mounted on the angle tool holder mounting table 360 is a bottomed hole of the angle tool holder 200. It is detected by the air circuit that it has been securely inserted into 204.

10, after unclamping the angle working tools T ₁ by extruding the draw bar 250 by operating the hydraulic piston 372 of unclamp unit 370 described in FIG. 5, a drum magazine mounting bracket 340 by actuating the cylinder 335 To the drum magazine turning position, and the turning type drum magazine 353 is retracted from the angle tool holder 200 to prepare for turning of the turning type drum magazine 353.

  The angle tool holder positioning pin 380 restricts the movement of the angle tool holder 200 in the axial direction of the spindle 240 against the pushing force of the piston 372.

FIG. 11 shows a state in which the revolving drum magazine 353 is revolved and the next tool T ₂ for angle processing is opposed to the angle tool holder 200.

FIG. 12 shows the unclamping unit 370 after the cylinder 335 is operated to advance the drum magazine mounting bracket 340 and the next tool T ₂ for angle processing mounted on the rotating drum magazine 353 is inserted into the angle tool holder 200. the is actuated to retract the piston 372, showing a state where the spindle gripping the following tool T ₂ for angle toolholder of the angle tool holder 200.

  FIG. 13 shows a state in which the spindle head 50 is raised in the Z-axis direction. The angle tool holder 200 on which the new angle processing tool is mounted starts the processing operation.

FIG. 14 returns the angle tool holder storage device 300 to the standby state. That is, the storage device main body bracket 330 is positioned in the retracted position, and the drum magazine mounting bracket 340 is positioned in the drum magazine turning position.
The automatic change of the tool of the angle tool holder is completed through the series of steps described above.

  As described above, the angle tool holder storage device 300 of the present invention can automatically change the tool with respect to the angle tool holder 200 in a state where the angle tool holder 200 is installed in the vertical machining center 1.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing another example of the restricting means for restricting the angle tool holder and receiving the force in the axial direction of the spindle when changing the tool.
In this example, the angle tool holder cradle 500 includes a block 510.

  At the time of automatic tool change, when the angle tool holder 200a is lowered in the Z-axis direction and positioned on the angle tool holder mounting table 500, the front end portion 203 of the housing of the angle tool holder 200a faces the block 510.

The contact sensor 520 confirms the seating of the angle tool holder 200a and outputs a signal S1. The piston of the unclamping unit when the drawbar in the angle tool holder 200a is pressed, block 510, to achieve unclamping angle machining tools T ₁ receives the pushing force. At this time, the block 510 operates as a regulating means.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing another example of the restricting means for restricting the angle tool holder and receiving the force in the axial direction of the spindle when changing the tool.
In this example, the angle tool holder cradle 600 includes a groove 610.

  When the angle tool holder 200b is lowered in the Z-axis direction and positioned on the angle tool holder mounting table 600 during automatic tool change, the protrusion 205 of the housing of the angle tool holder 200b enters the groove 610.

The contact sensor 620 confirms the seating of the angle tool holder 200b and outputs a signal S1. When the draw bar in the angle tool holder 200b is pushed by the piston of the unclamping units, grooves 610 achieves unclamping angle machining tools T ₁ receives the pushing force. At this time, the groove 610 operates as a restricting means.

  As described above, the vertical machining center of the present invention can automatically change the tool with respect to the angle tool holder mounted on the tool spindle, so that the workpiece on the table can be optimally processed. It becomes.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical machining center 10 Bed 20 Table 30 Column 40 Saddle 50 Spindle head 70 Tool head stand 80 Control apparatus 100 Tool spindle automatic tool changer 200 Angle tool holder 204 Hole 215 Arm 220 Pull stud bolt 300 Angle tool holder storage device 310 Base 320 Servo motor 322 Ball screw 330 Storage device body bracket 340 Drum magazine mounting bracket 350 Automatic tool changer for angle tool holder 360 Angle tool holder stand 370 Unclamp unit 380 Angle tool holder positioning pin T Spindle change tool T _{1 For} angle machining Tool T The next tool for _2- angle machining

Claims (3)

In vertical machining centers where the table and tool spindle can move relative to the X, Y and Z axes,
An angle tool holder that is detachably attached to the tool spindle, a tool unclamp operation device, and a tool changer;
The angle tool holder is
A shank inserted into the tool spindle;
A spindle having an axis perpendicular to the axis of the shank;
A housing including a transmission mechanism for rotatably supporting the shank and the spindle and transmitting the driving force of the shank to the spindle;
A collet provided on the spindle for clamping the tool;
A draw bar that is inserted into the spindle and moves back and forth to clamp or unclamp the collet;
A spring mechanism that biases the draw bar toward the side on which the collet clamps;
With
The tool unclamp actuator is
Angle tool holder stand,
A restricting means provided on the angle tool holder mounting table for restricting a front end portion of the angle tool holder and receiving a force in an axial direction of the spindle;
With a hydraulic piston that pushes the draw bar of the angle tool holder,
The point of action of the force that the restricting means receives when the hydraulic piston pushes the draw bar is arranged at two points on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle across the vertical plane passing through the axis of the spindle. Has been
A vertical machining center characterized in that the tool mounted on the angle tool holder is changed using the tool unclamp operation device and the tool changer. The tool changer comprises a drum magazine that can reciprocate in the axial direction of the spindle of the angle tool holder and that can be rotated and positioned around an axis parallel to the axial direction. A vertical machining center according to 1 . The tool unclamp actuator and the tool changer are mounted on a column,
The vertical machining center according to claim 1 , wherein the vertical machining center moves in and out at a retracted position and an exchange position.

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