JP5558523B2 - Combined boiler type biomass power generation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a steam power generation method , and the overall configuration is obtained by dividing a large-sized boiler pipe appropriately into a steam generating boiler section (1) and a boiler combustion section (2), and the steam generating boiler section (1) described above. In the large pipe, the reheated small pipe and smoke exhaust pipe that are welded in are passed, steam is accumulated on the boiler part, a safety valve is attached, and a flange is welded to the right end of this large boiler pipe. The required number of small pipes for once-through type furnaces are crimped or welded to form a once-through type steam generator, while the large pipe in the boiler combustion part (2) is a triple pipe, and the inside is for generating large furnace direct flame steam, The outer pipe can be used as a hot water heater, the high-temperature combustion furnace is a double water-cooled furnace, the left end is welded with a flange, the right side is a fuel port, and the steam is the steam generating boiler of (1) Combined parts and (2) a boiler combustion unit steam generating portion of the steam inside the large furnace tube open flame portion of a large pipe of the steam collected in the steam reservoir above the pipe of the steam generating boiler unit (1), steam Steam is discharged from the top of the reservoir through a small reheating pipe to the blades of the steam generator mounted on the top to generate electricity. Furthermore, the outer pipe of the boiler combustion section in (2) is used as a water-cooled furnace, and this water is used as hot water. in making possible, steam generating boilers portion (1) and (2) boilers combustion unit easily fabricated the entire apparatus by being divided into a, its upper flow steam of the steam generating boiler unit (1), a boiler combustion unit (2) The combined boiler generation system that can generate steam in both large-scale furnace pipes has a structure that greatly increases the amount of steam generation and shortens the steam generation time. related to biomass power generation method It is intended.

On the earth, biomass energy is used less than 10% of the total energy requirement on average, whether it is for industrial use or for daily life.
In recent years, biofuels have been reviewed, especially due to rising oil prices, mainly in large agricultural areas in the United States, Australia, and Brazil, where food is used as a raw material for ethanol, and biofuel production is activated. There is a problem of food shortage.

Three times the heat energy that human beings need for life grows naturally, including non-food wood, bamboo, weeds, edible plant waste, and building waste. If we can develop a system that can stably use boiler hot water hot water supply and use electricity sufficiently, and build a biomass energy circulation system that can be used in the local area, There is no need to use it, and wind power and solar power generation need only be used supplementarily, and development is also urgently needed to prevent global warming by establishing clean energy.

Conventionally, large-scale thermal power generators installed and operated by large power companies have been the mainstream as steam boiler generators. Recently, a generator that mainly collects raw garbage and pellets and burns it has been developed and operated, and at the same time, a facility is being built that also uses a boiler and hot water hot water.

However, the above-mentioned garbage boilers, hot water hot water supply and generators are also basically required to increase power generation efficiency, and further to reduce the cost of equipment,
(B) Large capital is required to increase the size of one machine.
(B) Difficulty in selecting the installation location due to the increase in size.
(C) There is a need to collect garbage from a wide area. Recently, the distance from the consumption area to the power plant has been seen as a problem by wide-area municipalities, and there has been a decrease in the amount of garbage due to the separation of garbage in the district. Significantly less. The power generation incineration and hot water hot water supply capacity have been greatly reduced.

For this reason, it is difficult to maintain large-scale garbage power plants. On the other hand, instead of incinerating raw garbage in local municipalities, conversion to fertilizer or feed is also an important factor in the amount of garbage brought into incineration. It also contributes to the decline.

Most of the conventional garbage incineration power plants are heated to high temperatures and downsized power generation facilities, so the garbage is heated at high heat, dried quickly, and fixed to a certain size and weight. It has been converted into a biomass fuel called) and then put into incinerators for power generation and hot water hot water.

This biofuel pellet is hard and heat efficient, and has advantages such as downsizing of the equipment, a small number of managers, and easy long-term use control such as unmanned operation.

However, the disadvantages of this pellet fuel generator and hot water heater are:
(B) Equipment costs and personnel costs for pelletization are required, resulting in high costs.
(B) Hard materials such as timber and bamboo are hardly available due to the use of soft bio-friendly materials that are relatively easy to pelletize, such as garbage and grass.

Furthermore, the pellets are standardized to a certain amount and size, and the advantages such as easy incineration are the same as described above. However, the size of hard and large items such as wood and bamboo, and incineration materials such as construction waste However, it is not always possible to use irregular materials, and it is necessary to reprocess the pellet material, which is expensive, and due to the large size of the equipment, it is often difficult to install a processing plant for pellets, a generator and a hot water supply near the consumption areas in each region. It is necessary to develop a small device that mainly uses generator equipment.

These are not conventional biofuel generators and boiler water heaters,
(B) Equipment that can incinerate 20-30 cm long cut materials and 2 m long materials such as forest thinning, bamboo, and construction waste,
(B) Be able to incinerate chips and pellets (roughly cut to 2-3 centimeters), including grass, rice husk, sawdust, garbage, bamboo and wood.
(C) The entire equipment is small, has little space and can be easily installed near the consumption area, and the investment can be made with a small amount.

    (D) In addition, it should be easy to perform installation work, periodic inspections, and maintenance management with an efficient power generation and hot water heater.

With the development of a mechanical device that cleans the flue gas described above, there is a need for a small-sized device that can use hot water supply and power generation using biomass energy throughout the year in the consuming area.

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 8-53008 Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-283265 Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-127724 Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-412954 Publication of Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-220453 Most of these patent applications that use hydropower are solar and gas combined type, tap water, flush toilets, etc., using small woody plants and garbage, Development of a power generation method with a biomass water heater capable of incineration of 20 to 30 cm or a long size of 2 m has not been made.

The present invention seeks to solve the problems of such conventional methods and configurations, and aims to develop and provide a small-scale and inexpensive boiler water heater and a power generator. It is a thing.

The problem we are trying to solve is
(B) How can the boiler temperature rise quickly and produce a large amount of steam? Is there a method that is easy to manufacture, install, maintain, and manage?
(B) I want to use biomass water heaters and generators in mountainous villages where there is a lot of thinned wood. Isn't there a method that can be used with less initial investment in production?
(C) Isn't there a device that can be incinerated as fuel by using an automatic supply device for biomass pellets and chips and cutting logs and squares of an appropriate size?

The invention according to claim 1 relates to a steam power generation method , and the overall configuration is obtained by dividing a large-sized boiler pipe appropriately into a steam generating boiler section (1) and a boiler combustion section (2), and the steam generating boiler section described above. The large pipe in (1) is passed through a small reheat pipe and a flue gas pipe that are welded inside. Steam is accumulated on the boiler, a safety valve is attached, and a flange is welded to the right end of this large boiler pipe. In addition, the required number of small pipes for once-through furnaces are crimped or welded to form a once-through steam generator, while the large pipe in the boiler combustion section (2) is a triple pipe, and the inside is a large-scale furnace direct-fired steam. The outer pipe can be used for a hot water heater, the high temperature combustion furnace is a double water cooling furnace, the left end is welded with a flange, the right side is a fuel port, and the steam is (1) Steam generation Combine the steam of the steam generator in the steam generator of the steam generator boiler part (1) with the steam part of the steam generator boiler part (1). Steam is discharged from the top of the steam reservoir through a small reheat pipe to the steam generator blade mounted on the top, generating power. Furthermore, the outer pipe of the boiler combustion section in (2) is used as a water-cooled furnace, and this water is used as hot water. By making it available, it is easy to manufacture the entire system by dividing into the boiler combustion part of the steam generating boiler part (1) and (2) , and the once-through steam of the steam generating boiler part (1) and the boiler combustion part (2) The combined boiler generation system that can generate steam in both large-scale furnace pipes has a structure that greatly increases the amount of steam generation and shortens the steam generation time. biomass power generation method It is intended to provide.

The invention according to claim 2 is that (1) the large pipe of the steam generating boiler section is doubled, and a heat insulating agent is put therein, (1) the heat generation of the steam generating boiler section is suppressed, and (1) the steam generating boiler The reheated small pipe for the furnace is reciprocated into the flue gas pipe in the large pipe of the steam generating boiler section in (1), and the steam exiting from the steam pool above the section is moved in the boiler combustion furnace in (2) Folding multiple small reheat pipes, the reheated steam becomes high-temperature dry steam, passes through the chimney stack and is discharged to the power generation blade. In addition to this, a water softener, an automatic biomass feeder, and a condenser are installed. Installed, especially the inner large furnace pipe upper part of the triple pipe of the large pipe of the boiler combustion section of (2) is a crescent type with a high boiler water level, and further with the steam generating boiler section of (1) (2) Inside large furnace pipe water It is possible to incinerate even if the size of the biomass is uneven, by providing 3-4 small pipes that can be moved, making it possible to average the boiler water, and making the ash tray in the furnace of the boiler combustion section of (2) movable up and down. In particular, the generator using this boiler is not specified as a horizontal type or vertical type, it is easy to manufacture the whole, and it is characterized by a compact structure that is easy to install and maintain. Item 1. Combined boiler type biomass power generation A method is provided.

The inventive action of steam is as follows. In the first invention, the left front of the entire apparatus is a once-through boiler, and the heat conduction in the boiler can be improved by passing a smoke exhaust pipe in the boiler. By using a pipe and the inside of the furnace as a direct-fired steam generating boiler, an effect of obtaining a large amount of steam in a short time occurred.

The second effect is that steam obtained by collecting a large amount of steam in the steam reservoir and reheated through the exhaust pipe and the chimney in the steam boiler can be discharged to the power generation steam blade while maintaining the high temperature. It has the effect of increasing the speed of steam.

The above-described composite boiler type biomass power generation method of the present invention exhibits the following effects.

The effect of the first invention is
(B) By combining a once-through boiler and a direct flame boiler, the calorie of biomass can be fully utilized, and the boiler water boils in a short time and a large amount of high-pressure steam is obtained.
(B) The amount of water in the boiler can be increased, and the water level in the boiler does not change rapidly and rises and falls slightly, facilitating water level inspection and automatic supply.
(C) Since the amount of steam can be increased, the steam discharge nozzle can be enlarged and the rotational force at the steam blade can be accelerated.

The effects of the second invention are as follows: (a) By reheating the steam, the steam becomes dry steam, 1L of water can be amplified by 1,200 to 1,600 times, less water is required, and the steam flow speed is high. Become.
(B) Therefore, when discharged to the steam blade, there is little trouble with the blade, and the dry steam is suitable for high-speed rotation of the blade.
(C) The composite boiler has a good heat absorption effect and requires less biomass.
(D) Used steam for power generation can be used for hot water heaters.

As described above, the device of the invention can be automated with pellets and chips, and even inconsistencies such as logs and timber can be incinerated. It can be used for a wide range of uses, using biomass as fuel,
There is an effect that it is possible to provide a device with a compact design that makes it easy to use a steam generator combined with a boiler and hot water in an area where biomass exists.

In addition, it is a water-cooled type combined with a once-through boiler and a direct-fired boiler, and it is integrated with a flange, so safety and manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the boiler usage area is reduced, and installation work and maintenance management are also possible. The boiler can be used stably for a long period of time. Also, the combustion section of the boiler is divided into pellets, chip-dedicated furnaces, and furnaces that burn irregularly sized logs and slabs. By improving the radiation efficiency, it is possible to improve the performance of the entire small boiler and reduce the amount of biomass fuel used.

Combined boiler type biomass power generation method showing an embodiment of the present invention External view (hereinafter, the wording indicating the embodiment of the present invention is omitted) Right side view Left side view Rear perspective view AA line sectional view in FIG. BB sectional view in FIG.

As mentioned above, one conventional biomass steam generator is fixed, large equipment is the mainstream, and it has a separate structure from the pellet processing machine, generator, and hot water heater. Since it is brought in from various locations and mainly used as RDF for household garbage, the building is large, the installation location is limited, and the spread of biomass power generation has been delayed. To improve this, pellets, chips, Logs, squarewood, weeds and other structures that can be incinerated even if they are not uniform in size are combined into a single unit, and the amount of steam and hot water, and the amount of power generated is small. Hot water and a compact design that is easy to manufacture, install and maintain as a generator and easy to spread.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be tested with a prototype, and the results will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a combined boiler type biomass power generator showing an embodiment of the present invention.
1 is a foundation base that installs the entire boiler, and the fall prevention bolts are used. From the top right, 2 is a hot water tank. When the cooling water for cooling becomes warm water, it is sent to this hot water tank and stored. It is quite hot and can be used for sufficient heat. No. 3 is a boiler connecting pipe between the boilers and can maintain the balance of the water level at 3 to 4 places on both sides.

Continuation of FIG. 1, 4 is a hot water release lever that can be used for water supply and drainage, 5 is an automatic biomass supply device, and numbers are mixed, 10 is a spiral screw motor that automatically feeds biomass fuel, 9 is an ash tray The ash in the furnace is dropped down automatically by a motor that oscillates at regular intervals. Returning to the original, 6 returns steam to warm water with a condenser, and 7 discharges steam to the condenser and partially A steam discharge port for releasing the pressure of the steam, 8 stores an apparatus required for power generation in the generator room.

Next, 11 in FIG. 1 is a tank that stores a waste oil tank that can be supplementarily charged when biomass is poorly combusted, and 12 is a high-pressure pump that returns hot water from a condenser to a steam pipe of 21 steam boiler. Use a high-pressure pump that exceeds the pressure, and 17 is equipped with two or more safety valves to protect the safety by escaping the steam pressure in an emergency when the steam pressure becomes abnormal.

FIG. 2 is an external view seen from the front. The blower 23 under the chimney 14 forcibly exhausts the smoke, facilitates the passage of oxygen in the furnace, and makes the combustion smooth. 24 is a steam pressure gauge. 25 is a generator, 26 is a water level meter that can know the water level of a large boiler, 2 to 3 water level meters are provided, 27 is an electrical system control panel, and an ammeter, ampere meter, switch, etc. 28 is a high-pressure feed pipe that heats hot water from a high-pressure pump to a large steam boiler pipe, 29 is a boiler that heats hot water using a large pipe outside the incinerator, and hot water is used for a hot water heater. To do. The other numbers 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 14, 19, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 are as shown in FIGS.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the right side, 30 is a ladder, and is used for maintenance, 31 is a tank for supplying water from the water supply port, 32 is a pellet of biomass, 33 is a peep window in the furnace, and 34 is irregular. Log and wood input port, 35 is a water outlet, 36 is a hand-slip tray, and 38 is a natural ventilation port that can naturally ventilate the furnace without a fan. The other numbers 2, 3, 5, 10, and 23 are as shown in FIGS.

FIG. 4 is a right side cross-sectional view, 39 is a sewage outlet, 40 is a reheating pipe, and the reheating pipe is designed to prevent the temperature of the reheating pipe from dropping while entering and exiting the chimney. The boiler feed valve feeds water from here to the steam boiler large pipe (1).

FIG. 5 is a rear perspective view showing that a large number of 21 steam boiler large pipes are provided as small pipes in a once-through furnace, and 40 heating pipes pass through 42 steam boiler smoke exhaust pipes. The biomass fire 43 in the furnace is heated by bending several times above the boiler combustion section, and the steam in the steam boiler large pipe boils in a short time. Other numbers 2, 5, 9, 10, 12, 14, 21, and 24 are as shown in FIGS.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2, and 44 is an outer cooling tank that is used as a heater when it is filled with hot water and is protected by a flange for 45 large pipes. Inside, there are 46 crescent boiler tanks, which are used to make a large triple pipe. The 46 crescent boiler tanks have the role of accumulating water in the upper part and the water level of 48 crescent boilers is constant. By making a lot of steam in the crescent moon boiler tank, a large amount of steam can be discharged to the upper steam reservoir 18 with 47 crescent moon steam feed pipes, preventing open air, a large-scale furnace direct-fired boiler method, and 43 once-through type Combined with the boiler, it has a structure that can effectively use the thermal energy of 43 biomass fires, and the effect of greatly reducing the amount of steam generation and the high-temperature steam generation time was obtained. The other 3, 4, 18, 19, 23, 24, 29, 31, 35, 37, 40, 41, and 42 are as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 4. The outer 49 of the 21 large boiler pipes is a heat insulating material to prevent cooling of the boiler, and 50 is a reinforced round steel to reinforce the inside of the boiler at several locations. Preventing pressure expansion, 51 is a reinforcing material for 41 cross-flow small furnace pipes and reheating pipe 40, and the water level of 46 crescent boiler tank and 21 steam boiler large pipe is 3 boiler connecting pipes. The 48 crescent boiler water levels are the same as the 21 boiler water levels, which generate a large amount of steam and a large amount of water, but the overall efficiency of the boiler heat increases and the steam becomes hot in a short time, generating steam. With a stable boiler structure, 13 steam blades were rotated by steam from the 19 reheat pipes at the top, and the generator efficiency of 25 was greatly improved to generate electricity. The other numbers 14, 18, 23, 44 and 45 are as shown in FIGS.

As a feature of the present invention product,
(B) It can be manufactured from an automatic standard machine capable of burning chips and pellets, which are the normal size of biomass fuel, to a large machine capable of using 20 cm to 2 m long fuel with different shapes and sizes, such as large timber and building waste.
(B) The boiler is a combined boiler with a once-through pipe type and a large-fired large-fired direct-fired type. It is a safe and stable boiler, generating a large amount of steam and reducing time, and was able to be greatly improved with a prototype. .
(C) The flange-type boiler is easy to adjust automatically, such as the optimum position of the flame, installation work and maintenance management, and can produce a high-efficiency water heater combined generator.
As the use of the above products,
(A) Inventions can be placed in areas with frequent occurrences of wood, bamboo, etc., such as villages and small villages in forests, and hot water and electricity can be used.
(B) Hot water and electricity by burning sugar millet, sunflower seeds and oils such as raw wood, food plants and grass, stalks and squeezed sludge after squeezing seeds, which can be used in small villages and medium-sized towns on remote islands Can be used.
(C) It can be installed alone in the processing of construction waste materials, sawmills, furniture, wood industry, etc., and can supply hot water and electricity.
(D) In the forest area of (A) where biomass fuel such as forest thinning and bamboo is increased, it is possible to provide a place for labor for people with mild disabilities, and cheap biomass fuel is available. Mutual demand can be stabilized by providing the same fuel consumption area in this area.
(E) Petroleum energy is convenient and easy to control, but since it will be depleted in decades, it is essential to build a biomass energy recycling system that uses wood and various plants that always grow on the earth as renewable energy. .

      As described above, trees, bamboo, grass, edible plants, and building waste materials that grow on the earth throughout the year can be recycled and used as biomass energy throughout the year without using oil, fluctuating wind power, and hydropower. Hot water and power generation are possible, especially suitable for greenhouses in greenhouses, vegetable factories, and seafood. It also helps prevent global warming and is expected to increase demand nationwide, and is expected to have industrial benefits.

1. Basic basis 2. 2. Hot water tank Boiler connection pipe 4. 4. Hot water release lever 5. Biomass automatic supply device 6. Condenser Steam outlet 8. Generator room 9. Vibration motor 10. 10. Spiral screw motor Waste oil tank 12. High pressure pump 13. Steam blade 14. Chimney 15. Water softener 16. Soft water storage tank 17. Safety valve 18. Steam reservoir 19. Reheat feed pipe 20. Steam feed pipe 21. Steam boiler large pipe 22. Maintenance port 23. Blower 24. Pressure gauge 25. Generator 26. Water level gauge 27. Control panel 28. High-pressure feed pipe 29. Large pipe outside boiler incinerator 30. Ladgo Water supply port 32. Pellets 33. Nozomi Mad 34. Biomass inlet 35. Water discharge valve 36. Hand pick 37. Ash tray 38. Natural vent 39. Wastewater outlet 40. Reheating pipe 41. Boiler feed valve 42. 43. Smoke exhaust pipe in steam boiler Biomass flame 44. Small pipe for once-through furnace 45. Boiler flue pipe 46. Biomass combustion fire 47. Outside cooling tank (hot water)
48. Large flange 49. Crescent boiler tank 50. Crescent steam feed pipe 51. Crescent boiler water level 52. Insulation material 53. Reinforced round steel 54. Pipe reinforcement 55. Combustion prevention pipe 56. Log square material split pipe 57. Jack with scissors

Claims (2)

It relates to a steam generator. The overall structure is divided into a large boiler pipe of appropriate size by dividing it into a steam generating boiler section (1) and a boiler combustion section (2), and into the large pipe of the aforementioned steam generating boiler section (1). IsThrough the reheated small pipe and the flue gas pipe welded insideSteam is accumulated on the boiler section, a safety valve is installed, a flange is welded to the right end of this large boiler pipe, and a small number of small pipes for the once-through furnace are crimped or welded to form a once-through steam generator. On the other hand, the large pipe of the boiler combustion section (2) is a triple pipe, the inside is used for generating large furnace direct flame steam, and the outside pipe can be used for a hot water heater, and the high temperature combustion furnace is a double water cooling furnace. The left end is welded with a flange, the right side is a fuel port, and the steam is generated in the steam generating boiler part (1) and the large-scale furnace direct flame part inside the large pipe of the boiler combustion part (2). Combine the steam from the steam generator,Steam generating boiler (1)The steam is collected in the sump above the pipe of the pipe, and from the top of the sumpReheating smallSteam is generated by discharging steam through the pipe to the blade of the steam generator installed at the top, and using the outer pipe of the boiler combustion section in (2) as a water-cooled furnace, and this water can be used as hot water. By dividing the boiler combustion part (1) and (2), it is easy to manufacture the entire device,Steam generating boiler sectionThe once-through steam of (1), Boiler combustion section(2) The combined boiler generation system that can generate steam in both large-scale furnace pipes has a structure that greatly increases the amount of steam generation and shortens the steam generation time. Biomass power generationMethod. (1) The large pipe of the steam generating boiler section is doubled, and a heat insulating agent is put in it, (1) The heat generation of the boiler section is suppressed, and (1) Steam coming out of the steam pool above the steam generating boiler section The reheating small pipe for furnace is reciprocated in the flue gas pipe in the large pipe of the steam generating boiler section of (1), and the reheating small pipe is folded back and returned in the boiler combustion furnace of (2). Heated steam is made into high-temperature dry steam and is discharged to the blades for power generation through the stack, and in addition to this, a water softener, an automatic biomass feeder, and a condenser are installed, especially boiler combustion (2) inner large furnace tube pipe upper part of the triple pipe of a large pipe parts are obtained by increasing the boiler water level at widely crescent top, further boiler part and the inner large furnace tube pipe (2) (1) 3-4 small pipes that can move water The boiler water can be averaged, and the ash tray in the furnace of the boiler combustion section in (2) can be moved up and down so that it can be incinerated even if the size of the biomass is uneven. Especially, this boiler was used. The combined boiler type biomass power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that the generator is not specified as a horizontal type or a vertical type, but is easy to manufacture as a whole, and has a compact structure that is easy to install and maintain. Way .

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