JP2012052466A - Biomass combustion type steam power generator with water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a biomass combustion type steam power generator with a water heater, in which biomass fuels can be considerably freely used in size and shape or also in kind, compared to a conventional biomass combustion type power generator that chiefly uses fuels in a form of chips or pellets of a given size in a given amount.SOLUTION: The biomass combustion type steam power generator with a water heater is a boiler type apparatus comprising, from a lower part, a fuel combustion furnace and a sealed steel tank thereon, to include a water heater using a chimney for exhausting gases. A rotary blade chamber is disposed above the tank and is composed of: a rotary blade that rotates by steam; and a power generator connected with the rotary blade via a shaft. The combustion furnace is a variable type, in which biomass is combusted as fuel to heat water in the tank to generate steam at a high temperature and high pressure and the steam is injected to the upside rotary blade (or a blade) to rotate at a high speed, and further to rotate the connected power generator to generate power. Thereby carrying out steam power generation using biomass as a main fuel without using oil, wind power or solar energy.

Description

  The present invention will be described in terms of the overall configuration. A boiler type is provided with a fuel combustion furnace and a steel tank sealed thereon from the lower part, and a water heater utilizing a chimney is attached to the flue gas. There is a rotating blade chamber on the top, composed of a rotating blade rotating with steam and a generator connected by a shaft. The above-mentioned combustion furnace is variable and burns with biomass as fuel, and the upper tank It heats the water inside, generates high-temperature and high-pressure steam, sprays it on the upper rotating blades (or blades), rotates at high speed, rotates the connected generator, and uses oil, wind, and solar power. The present invention relates to a biomass-fired water heater combined steam generator characterized by a structure capable of generating steam using biomass as a main fuel.

On the earth, biomass energy is used less than 10% of the total energy requirement on average, whether it is for industrial use or for daily life.
In recent years, biofuels have been reviewed, especially due to rising oil prices, mainly in large agricultural areas in the United States, Australia, and Brazil, where food is used as a raw material for ethanol, and biofuel production is activated. There is a problem of food shortage.

  Three times the heat energy that human beings need to live on the earth naturally grow, including non-food wood, bamboo, weeds, edible plant waste, and architectural waste. If we can develop a system that can stably use hot water and hot water supply, and that can fully use power generation, and build a recycling system for biomass energy that can be used in the local area, the use of oil and nuclear power will be possible. The wind power and solar power generation need only be used supplementarily, and development is urgently necessary to prevent global warming by establishing clean energy.

  Conventionally, large-scale thermal power generators installed and operated by large power companies have been the mainstream as steam generators. Recently, a generator that mainly collects raw garbage and pellets and burns it has been developed and operated.

However, the above-mentioned garbage generator is basically required to reduce the equipment cost in order to increase the power generation efficiency.
(B) Large capital is required to increase the size of one installed machine.
(B) Difficulty in selecting the installation location due to the increase in size.
(C) There is a need to collect garbage from a wide area. Recently, the distance from the consumption area to the power plant has been seen as a problem by wide-area municipalities, and there has been a decrease in the amount of garbage due to the separation of garbage in the district. Significantly less. The use of power generation and incineration is greatly reduced.

  For this reason, it is difficult to maintain large-scale garbage power plants. On the other hand, instead of incinerating garbage in local municipalities, conversion to fertilizer etc. has also reduced the amount of garbage brought in by incineration. It also contributes.

  Most of the conventional garbage incineration power plants are called pellets, which are heated to high heat, rapidly dried, and fixed to a certain size and weight, due to the high temperature heating and miniaturization of power generation facilities. After being converted to biofuel, it is put into a combustion furnace for power generation.

  This biofuel pellet is hard and heat efficient, and has advantages such as downsizing of equipment, a small number of managers, and easy long-term use control such as unmanned operation.

However, the disadvantage of this pellet fuel generator is that
(A) Equipment costs and personnel costs for pelletization are required, resulting in high costs.
(B) Hard materials such as timber and bamboo are hardly available due to the use of soft bio-friendly materials that are relatively easy to pelletize, such as garbage and grass.

  Furthermore, the pellets are standardized to a certain amount and size, and the advantages such as easy incineration are easy as described above. However, the size of hard and large items such as wood and bamboo, and the size of construction waste such as incineration materials It is impossible to use irregular materials, and it is necessary to reprocess the pellet material, which is expensive, and due to the large size of the equipment, it is impossible to install a generator for pellets near the consuming areas in each region.

These are not conventional biofuel generators,
(I) Equipment that can be incinerated with cuts of 20-30 cm, such as forest thinning, bamboo, building waste, etc.
(B) It can incinerate chips and pellets (roughly cut to 2 to 3 cm), including grass, rice husk, sawdust, garbage, bamboo and wood.
(C) The entire equipment is small and can be installed near the consumption area, and the investment capital is small.

(D) In addition, it must be an efficient power generator,
(E) At the same time, a water heater is installed around the waste chimney to enable hot water supply and stable use of hot water.

  With the development of machinery that cleans fumes as described above, there is a need for devices that can use biomass energy power generation throughout the world throughout the year.

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 8-53008 Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-283265 Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-127724 Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-412954 Publication of Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-220453 Most of these patent applications that use hydropower are solar and gas combined type, tap water, flush toilets, etc. Development of a generator with biomass water heater capable of incineration of any size within 20-30 cm has not been made.

The present invention is intended to solve the problems of such conventional methods and configurations, and aims to develop and provide a small-scale and inexpensive power generator (with water heater). Is.

The problem we are trying to solve is
(B) I want to use biomass water heaters and generators in mountainous villages where there is a lot of thinned wood. Isn't there a method that can be used with less initial investment in production?
(B) If biomass is pelletized, the cost will increase, so it can be incinerated as fuel by cutting logs and squares of the appropriate size. Is there a device that can use hot water 365 days a year because it has fuel and can also use a generator?
(C) Is there a generator that can be operated for a long time without maintenance?
(D) Isn't a power generation device capable of incinerating anything from wood, logs, squarewood, bamboo, construction waste, garbage, chips and pellets?
(E) What should be done to raise the temperature in the incinerator, and how can the temperature of the upper water tank (steam generation tank) rise quickly and become steam?

  The invention of claim 1 is a boiler type in which a fuel combustion furnace and a steel tank sealed thereon are provided from the lower part in the overall configuration, and a hot water heater using a chimney is attached to the flue gas. There is a rotating blade chamber on the top, composed of a rotating blade rotating with steam and a generator connected by a shaft. The above-mentioned combustion furnace is variable and burns with biomass as fuel, and the upper tank It heats the water inside, generates high-temperature and high-pressure steam, sprays it on the upper rotating blades (or blades), rotates at high speed, rotates the connected generator, and uses oil, wind, and solar power. The present invention provides a biomass-fired water heater combined steam generator characterized by a structure capable of generating steam using biomass as a main fuel.

  In the invention of claim 2, high-temperature flue gas from the above-mentioned combustion furnace is discharged via a chimney attached to the entire boiler, but a water storage type water heater that does not rust is wound around the outside of the chimney, The biomass-fired water heater combined steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that a large amount of hot water can be stored by using a hot water storage tank manufactured and installed in a required length and size, and separately provided. It is to provide.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the biomass combustion furnace is a chip of about 2 centimeters from a variable furnace capable of burning 20-30 centimeters of free size wood waste, grass, raw garbage, etc., dehumidified as biomass fuel material. There is a standard furnace that can incinerate and pellets. Especially, if a vertical silo that can store large quantities of chips and pellets is installed, a mesh mesh belt chain can be moved automatically in the incinerator by a motor. In order to keep the temperature of the combustion furnace constant, the speed of this belt chain is automated, and in addition, a necessary blower fan is attached to the biomass fuel on the belt chain, and the bottom of the furnace is attached. There is a slope, and the wind direction guide R plate is installed in two stages on it, the wind of the blower fan automatically responds to the strength, passing through the mesh belt chain with mesh It hits the biomass fuel and gives an average speed of fire, and the bottom of the steam generation tank is attached with a thin belt-shaped heat receiving plate 3 to 4 times, and it becomes an efficient high-heat combustion furnace by expanding the thermal power area, The biomass-fired water heater combined steam generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a smoke-free and long-term unmanned automatic combustion furnace can be realized by installing a thermometer. is there.

  The above-described invention action is as follows. Lumber, bamboo, plants, edible sugar squeezed, mandarin orange, stalks, weeds, construction waste, etc. By using it as a biomass fuel, it can be recycled throughout the year because it can be used as fuel that grows plants in one year. It is more efficient than solar and wind power generation. Hot water is stored with the combined use of exhaust heat, and can be used stably as hot water supply and generator.

  The aforementioned biomass combustion type water heater combined steam generator of the present invention exhibits the following effects.

(B) Except for complicated functions, it is a device that can store hot water and generate electricity, and can be used in small villages in mountainous areas and remote islands, and has a structure that suppresses the initial capital investment.
(B) There are large machines and standard machines, but the large machine can automatically move the biomass fuel in the combustion furnace, the mesh chain can automatically move up and down, and the space between the tank to be heated depends on the type and size of the biomass fuel. The flame height can be adjusted at the optimum location, allowing the use of large sizes such as wood. The standard type is for burning biomass of the same size for chip and pellet combustion, and any biomass fuel can be used for each purpose.

(C) The entire system can be operated without maintenance for a long period of time, even with large machines and standard machines, and can be designed with a drastic reduction in management costs.
(D) As described in (b) above, according to the bottom of the steam generation tank and the type of biomass fuel used, the flame is optimized by automatically increasing and decreasing the combustion width of the mesh type chain on which these biomass fuels are placed. As a result of the structure hitting the bottom of the tank, the combustion efficiency is improved and the amount of biomass fuel can be saved.

In addition, the bottom surface of the steam generation tank at the top of the furnace is in the form of a strip with a width of 10 to 20 mm, and the area where the flame hits the bottom of the tank is expanded by welding a thin plate with 3 to 4 spirals. The temperature of the steam generation tank rises early.
With the above-described structure, a small-scale, high-efficiency device that is maintenance-free and easy to use can be produced, and there is an effect that a model that can be used in any place or near a place of consumption can be produced.

Front elevation showing an embodiment of the present invention Right side view (Hereinafter, the wording indicating the embodiment of the present invention is omitted) Left side view Rear view Plan view A-A line cross-sectional bottom view AA cross-section front reference view BB line cross section mesh chain reference diagram B-B cross section vertical moving type inside furnace reference diagram CC line storage water heater reference diagram Water storage type water heater parts Hot water storage tank Biomass fuel storage silo

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a front elevational view showing an embodiment of the present invention. From the bottom, 1 is a perspective view in a combustion furnace, 2 is a biomass fuel, 3 is a combustion flame, and 4 is steam. This is a generation tank, and 5 in the perspective view is the water in the tank. This water boils and becomes 6 high-pressure steam, passes through 7 steam induction pipes, passes through 8 chimneys, and enters 9 steam blade rotating chambers. The high pressure steam of 6 is injected from the nozzle 10-1 and the nozzle 10-2, and the 11 rotary blades are rotated at a high speed for 1,290 to 1,580 rotations per minute. Since there are many things from 600 rpm to 1,650 rpm depending on the type at the peak in one minute, it is possible to generate power without using a speed increaser. Eleven rotating blades generate electricity through 14 shafts, 13 timing belts or large chains through 14 generators.

A condensate tank 15 in FIG. 1 is a condensate tank in which the high-pressure steam 6 injected from the nozzles 10-1 and 10-2 is cooled and becomes water again, and 16 is the water tank. When the pressure of the steam generation tank 4 exceeds a certain pressure with a condensate pump that returns the gas to the steam generation tank 4 again (or a condensate turbine), the pressure adjustment valve is 17 to suppress the steam explosion, 18 is a drain valve for discharging water from the tank, 19 is a mesh type chain belt, which can be automatically rotated by 20 chain belt rotating motors, 21 is a blower fan for sending wind into the furnace, 22 is 19 winds In order to increase the fire speed of the two biomass fuel flames on the mesh type chain, a plurality of rows are arranged in the size of the furnace with wind direction guide plates for directing the direction of the wind coming out of the 21 blower fans upward. In this way, when making a Japanese sword with charcoal from a long time ago, it is possible to generate a high-pressure heat power of 1,000 degrees or more by sending wind from the bottom of the charcoal with a blow pump and applying charcoal fire speed. The steam generation tank can be heated quickly.

FIG. 2 is a right side view, and a description including a perspective view illustrates that the steam injected from the nozzles 10-1 and 10-2 from the nine steam rotating blade chambers is restored from the holes of the 23 steam progression arrows. Most of the water collected in the water tank is cooled and collected here. When the condensate tank is full, this water is returned from the 16 condensate pumps to the 4 steam generation tanks and circulated. The water level in the tank is automatically checked from the water inlet of 25, and the water level in the tank is confirmed and maintained at a constant level by 25 water level gauges. The temperature of 4 tanks is always sensed by 26 thermometers, and this temperature is the flame of the combustion furnace. State and controlled. Reference numeral 27 denotes a biomass input arrow, from which biomass is input. The biomass fuel 2 is moved and burned from the biomass input port of 28 on the 19 mesh chain belt, and 29 is welded to the bottom of the steam generation tank of 4. The flame receiving area is expanded by the spiral receiving plate, so that the flame is received more. Furthermore, the wind of 30 motor fans and 31 natural air intakes is sent to the 19 mesh type with 22 wind direction guide plates. The structure is such that the fire speed is increased by hitting the biomass fuel 2 on the chain belt, and 32 is a figure of the burned biocass, and the biomass is discharged.
The other numbers 8, 11, 13, 14, 18 are as shown in FIG.

Fig. 3 is a left side view, the new point is from the figure, 33 is a barometer (large), which measures the pressure of steam discharge from 4 steam generation tanks through 7 steam induction pipes. ) Increases the pressure of the steam, reduces the pressure of the steam by 34 pressure reducers and halves it, and this is sensed by a barometer (small) to increase the speed of the steam. 36 is a valve for opening and closing steam, 37 is a thermometer for high temperature, which is necessary for controlling the temperature in one combustion furnace, and 38 is a vessel for storing biomass debris.
No. 39 is a water heater. Several hot water heaters are wound around the chimney of 8 and hot water can be produced at the high temperature of the chimney exhaust. Hot water can also be stored in this water heater, but it is also stored in 40 hot water storage tanks. The hot water discharge valve is used according to the purpose. The other numbers 15, 16, 24, 27 and 28 are as shown in FIGS.

FIG. 4 is a rear view, there are no new parts in the drawing, there are 7 steam induction pipes in 8 chimneys, and 10-1 nozzle and 10-2 nozzles respectively receive steam from 7 induction pipes. The amount of steam is distributed and the same. The other numbers 4, 15, 38, 39 and 40 are as shown in FIGS.

FIG. 5 is a plan view, 15 condensate tanks are placed on 4 steam generation tanks, 9 steam blade rotating chambers are the main equipment, 39 water heaters with a chimney beside it, 40 A hot water storage tank is placed, and there is no complexity, and it is made so that trouble and noise do not occur with a simple installation.

Fig. 6-1 is a cross-sectional bottom view taken along the line AA, and attaches a thin belt-like plate with a width of 10 to 20 mm to the bottom surface of the steam generation tank 4 by welding a heat-resistant material plate. As a result, the thermal efficiency is greatly increased by 20 to 25% or more, which has the effect of reducing biomass fuel.

FIG. 6-2 is a cross-sectional front view taken along the line AA. Although partially shown in FIGS.
The 42 spiral heat receiving plates may match the shape of the 4 tanks.

7-1 is a cross-sectional view of the BB cross-section mesh chain. The mesh of the 19 mesh type chain belt can be made large and small with a large machine and a standard machine, and the size considering the air blowing effect, 22 is a wind direction guide plate of 30 It is necessary for directing the strong and weak wind from the motor fan toward the upper mesh direction, sending the wind efficiently even in the weak wind, and increasing the fire speed of the biomass flame.

FIG. 7-2 is a cross-sectional view of the BB line cross-sectional vertical movement type furnace. 22 wind direction guide plates are 43 foldable support plates. The foldable support plate is folded halfway down and the 19 mesh chains can be moved up and down as the 45 rack motors rotate with the 44 rack plate as a support. It can accommodate 20-30cm size fuel, which is much larger than chips and pellets, and can be adjusted to optimize the flame in the 42 spiral heat receiving plates on the bottom of the 4 steam generation tanks.

FIG. 8 is a reference diagram of a CC water storage type hot water heater. Three to four water storage water heater parts (47) of FIG. 9 are wound around 8 chimneys to form a water heater 39, and 48 is a water storage type hot water 48. FIG. 10 shows 40 hot water storage tanks and 7 in FIG. 8 shows a steam induction pipe as described above.

Fig. 11 shows a biomass fuel storage silo. 49 indicates a drop valve. When it is opened, the biomass falls down and is guided to 28 biomass inlets through 50 bio-induction pipes, allowing long-term storage in this silo. It is.

As a feature of the present invention product,
(B) A standard machine capable of burning chips and pellets of the normal size of biomass fuel can be manufactured.
(B) Large machines such as large timber and building waste that can be used for fuels with a length of 20 to 30 centimeters that have irregular shapes and sizes are also available.
(C) Automatic adjustment of the optimum position of the flame is possible, and it is possible to produce a highly efficient water heater combined generator.
As the use of the above products,
(A) Inventions can be placed in high-frequency areas such as timber and bamboo forests, such as villages in small forests and villages with a small number of people, and hot water and electricity can be used.
(B) Can be used in small villages and medium-sized towns on remote islands, burning sugar millet such as raw wood, food plants and grass, sugar and oil of sunflower, stalks after squeezing seeds, Electricity is available.
(C) It can be installed alone in processing of construction waste materials, sawmills, furniture, wood industry, etc. and can provide hot water and electricity.
(D) In the forest area of (A) where biomass fuel such as forest thinning and bamboo forest can be increased, it is possible to provide a place for labor for people with mild disabilities, and cheap biomass fuel is available. Mutual demand can be stabilized by providing the same fuel consumption area in this area.
(E) Petroleum energy is convenient and easy to control, but it will be depleted in a few years, so as a renewable energy, it is indispensable to construct a biomass energy recycling system that uses wood and various plants that always grow on the earth. Therefore, it is possible to replace the oil stations throughout the country with charging stations that use biomass as fuel, and use them as electric vehicle charging stations.

As described above, trees, bamboo, grass, edible plants, and building waste materials that grow on the earth throughout the year can be used as biomass energy and circulated throughout the year without using oil, fluctuating wind power, and hydropower. Hot water and power generation are possible, which helps prevent global warming and is expected to increase demand nationwide.

1. 1. Combustion furnace 2. Biomass fuel 3. Flame of combustion 4. Steam generation tank 5. Water in the tank High pressure steam7. Steam induction pipe8. 8. Chimney Steam blade rotating chamber 10-1. Nozzle 10-2. Nozzle 11. Rotary blade 12. Shaft 13. Timing belt 14. Generator 15. Condensate tank 16. Condensate pump (or turbine)
17. Pressure adjustment valve 18. Drain valve 19. Mesh type chain belt 20. Chain belt rotation motor 21. Blower fan 22. Wind direction guide plate 23. Steam direction arrow 24. Water supply port 25. Water level meter 26. Thermometer 27. Biomass input arrow 28. Biomass inlet 29. Spiral heat receiving plate 30. Motor fan 31. Natural air intake 32. Burned biocus 33. Barometer (large)
34. Decompressor 35. Barometer (small)
36. Open / close valve 37. Thermometer (for high temperature)
38. Biocus container 39. Water heater 40. Warm water storage tank 41. Hot water discharge valve 42. Spiral heat receiving plate 43. Folding support plate 44. Rack plate 45. Rack motor 46. Pull rod 47. Water storage type water heater parts 48. Water supply port 49. Drop valve 50. Bio induction pipe

Claims (3)

  It relates to a steam generator. The overall configuration is a boiler type with a fuel combustion furnace and a sealed steel water container (hereinafter referred to as a tank) on the lower part, and a chimney is used for flue gas. A hot water heater is attached, and there is a rotating blade chamber above this tank, which consists of a rotating blade rotating with steam and a generator connected by a shaft. The above-mentioned combustion furnace is variable and uses biomass as fuel. It burns, heats the water in the upper tank, generates high-temperature and high-pressure steam, sprays it on the upper rotating blade (or blade), rotates at high speed, rotates the connected generator, and generates electricity. A biomass-fired water heater combined steam generator featuring a structure that can generate steam power using biomass as the main fuel without using wind power or solar power.   The high-temperature flue gas from the above-mentioned combustion furnace is discharged via the chimney attached to the entire boiler, but a non-rusting water storage water heater is wound around the chimney to the required length and size. The biomass-fired water heater combined steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that a large amount of hot water can be stored using a hot water storage tank manufactured and installed separately. Biomass combustion furnace is a biomass fuel material, dehumidified wood or wood waste, grass, raw garbage, etc. can be incinerated in a free size of 20 to 30 cm from a vertically variable furnace, about 2 cm chips and pellets are incinerated There is a standard furnace that can be used, especially for chips and pellets, if a vertical silo that can be stored in large quantities is installed, the structure can be moved automatically through the incinerator by a motor, and a mesh mesh belt chain is provided. In order to keep the temperature of the belt constant, the speed of this belt chain is automated, and in addition, a necessary blower fan is attached to the biomass fuel on the belt chain, and the bottom part of the furnace is inclined. On top of that, wind direction induction R plates are installed in two stages, the wind of the blower fan automatically responds to strength, passes through the mesh belt chain with mesh, It hits the mass fuel and gives an average fire speed, and the bottom of the steam generation tank is attached with a thin belt-shaped heat receiving plate 3 to 4 times, and it becomes an efficient high-heat combustion furnace by expanding the thermal power area, The biomass-fired water heater combined steam generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the installation of a thermometer makes it possible to realize smokeless and long-term unmanned automatic combustion furnace.