JP5558226B2 - Sailboat wing sail - Google Patents

Sailboat wing sail Download PDF

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JP5558226B2
JP5558226B2 JP2010146637A JP2010146637A JP5558226B2 JP 5558226 B2 JP5558226 B2 JP 5558226B2 JP 2010146637 A JP2010146637 A JP 2010146637A JP 2010146637 A JP2010146637 A JP 2010146637A JP 5558226 B2 JP5558226 B2 JP 5558226B2
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sail
mast
cascade
aspect ratio
wing
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JP2012006562A (en
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寿夫 田中
周治 駒田
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Japan Marine United Corp
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Japan Marine United Corp
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Description

本発明は、帆走船用翼列式帆に関し、特に高アスペクト比のブレードを翼列状(カスケード状)に多数並列させることにより高揚力を発生させる翼列式帆(カスケード型帆)に関する。なお、本明細書では帆船および汽帆船を総称して「帆走船」と記載する。   The present invention relates to a cascade sail for a sailing ship, and more particularly to a cascade sail (cascade type sail) that generates high lift by arranging a large number of high aspect ratio blades in a cascade (cascade). In this specification, the sailing ship and the steaming ship are collectively referred to as “sailing ship”.

地球温暖化防止のためのCO2削減や省エネルギー効果を実現するために帆船または汽帆船(以下、「帆走船」という)が注目されている。帆走船は推進動力として風力を利用したものであり、CO2削減および省エネルギー効果を実現することができる。また、一般に、無風時や悪天候時等の航行のためにエンジン等の補助機関を搭載している。
このような帆走船において、筒状の硬質帆を入れ子状に構成して帆を上下方向に伸縮可能にしたもの(例えば、特許文献1参照)が提案されている。
In order to realize CO 2 reduction and energy saving effect for preventing global warming, a sailing ship or a sailing ship (hereinafter referred to as “a sailing ship”) is attracting attention. The sailing ship uses wind power as propulsion power, and can achieve CO 2 reduction and energy saving effect. Also, in general, an auxiliary engine such as an engine is mounted for navigation in the case of no wind or bad weather.
In such a sailing ship, a structure in which a cylindrical hard sail is configured in a nested manner so that the sail can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特開2009−214633号公報JP 2009-214633 A

船に帆を装備した場合、大面積の帆を装備すれば、帆の推力は増大するが、船上で帆を装備可能な場所は限定されてくる。また帆は相対風を受けて揚力を発生させる三次元翼に相当するものであり、帆の高さ(翼のスパン長さに相当)と帆の幅(翼のコード長に相当)の比(アスペクト比)を大とすれば、発生揚力が大となるが、帆およびマストの高さに制限が生じるため、アスペクト比を大とすることは困難である。   When a ship is equipped with a sail, if a large area sail is equipped, the thrust of the sail will increase, but the place where the sail can be equipped on the ship will be limited. A sail is equivalent to a three-dimensional wing that generates lift by receiving relative wind, and the ratio of the height of the sail (corresponding to the span length of the wing) and the width of the sail (corresponding to the cord length of the wing) ( If the aspect ratio is increased, the generated lift is increased, but the height of the sail and the mast is limited. Therefore, it is difficult to increase the aspect ratio.

本発明は、かかる課題に鑑み、高アスペクト比を有し、帆やマストの高さや設置場所の制限を受けることが少ない帆走船用翼列式帆を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a sailboat cascade sail that has a high aspect ratio and is less subject to restrictions on the height and installation location of the sail and mast.

本発明に係る帆走船用翼列式帆は、マストに支持された台に、高アスペクト比を有する翼カスケード状に多数並列に設けられ、前記台の中央部下部には凹部が形成されており、該凹部内において、前記台が前記マストの先端部に軸を介して起倒可能および伸縮可能に支持されていることを特徴とする。
また、翼のアスペクト比は5以上とする。
Sailing ship cascade type sail according to the present invention, the base that is supported by the mast, the wing having a high aspect ratio is provided in parallel a number in cascade, in the center lower portion of said platform is formed with a recess In the recess, the base is supported by the tip of the mast so as to be able to be tilted and extendable via a shaft .
The aspect ratio of the wing is 5 or more.

本発明によれば、高揚力を発生させることができ、かつ、帆やマストの高さや設置場所の制限を受けることが少ない帆走船用翼列式帆が得られる。また、帆やマストの高さを抑制できることから、同じ揚力を発生するベースで比較すると、甲板に作用する起倒モーメントを小さくでき、甲板の補強を小さくすることができる。また、マストも細くすることができる。さらには後述するようにマストに作用する水平旋回モーメントを小さくすることができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a sailing wing cascade sail that can generate high lift and is less subject to restrictions on the height and location of the sail or mast. Further, since the height of the sail and the mast can be suppressed, when compared with a base that generates the same lift, the rising and falling moment acting on the deck can be reduced, and the reinforcement of the deck can be reduced. Also, the mast can be made thinner. Furthermore, as will be described later, the horizontal turning moment acting on the mast can be reduced.

本発明の一実施形態における帆走船用翼列式帆の正面図である。1 is a front view of a sailboat cascade sail according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図1のA−A断面図である。It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 帆走船用翼列式帆の起倒および伸縮機構の概要図である。It is a schematic diagram of the raising / lowering and expansion / contraction mechanism of a sailboat cascade sail. 翼のアスペクト比の定義を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the definition of the aspect-ratio of a wing | blade. アスペクト比の変化による揚力係数への影響を表す図である。It is a figure showing the influence on the lift coefficient by the change of an aspect ratio. 本発明の帆走船用翼列式帆の効果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the effect of the cascade sail for sailing boats of the present invention. 従来の単葉帆と本発明の翼列式帆によるマストの水平旋回モーメントの比較説明図である。It is comparison explanatory drawing of the horizontal turning moment of the mast by the conventional single leaf sail and the cascade sail of this invention.

以下、本発明に係る帆走船用翼列式帆について図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は本発明の一実施形態における帆走船用翼列式帆の正面図、図2は図1のA−A断面図、図3は帆走船用翼列式帆の起倒および伸縮機構の概要図である。
これらの図において、10は帆走船用翼列式帆であり、円弧状の断面を有する翼1が、略方形状の台2にカスケード状に多数並列に固定して取り付けられている。台2の中央部下部には凹部3が形成されており、凹部3内において、多数の翼1を持つ台2がマスト4の先端部に軸5を介して起倒、および伸縮が可能に支持されている。また、マスト4はベース6にマスト中心軸回りに回転可能に装着されている。図中、7は起倒用油圧シリンダー、8は伸縮用油圧シリンダーであり、いずれもマスト中心軸に対して対称に一対の油圧シリンダー7、8が設けられている。なお、マスト4の回転機構(帆走船用翼列式帆10の旋回機構)は図示していないが、ウォーム歯車機構等によりマスト4を回転させることができる。また、100は帆走船の甲板である。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A sailboat cascade sail according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a sailing wing cascade sail according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. It is.
In these figures, reference numeral 10 denotes a sailboat cascade sail, in which a large number of wings 1 having an arc-shaped cross section are fixedly attached in parallel to a substantially rectangular base 2 in a cascade. A recess 3 is formed in the lower part of the center of the base 2, and the base 2 having a large number of wings 1 is supported in the recess 3 so that it can be tilted and extended via a shaft 5 at the tip of the mast 4. Has been. The mast 4 is mounted on the base 6 so as to be rotatable about the mast central axis. In the figure, reference numeral 7 denotes a raising / lowering hydraulic cylinder, and 8 denotes a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, both of which are provided with a pair of hydraulic cylinders 7 and 8 symmetrically with respect to the mast central axis. Although the rotation mechanism of the mast 4 (the turning mechanism of the sailing vessel cascade sail 10) is not shown, the mast 4 can be rotated by a worm gear mechanism or the like. Reference numeral 100 denotes a deck of a sailing ship.

図4は翼1のアスペクト比の定義を示す図である。アスペクト比は、図4に示すように、翼の高さに相当する「スパン長さ」と翼の幅に相当する「コード長さ」の比を表す。
「スパン長さ」が「コード長さ」に対して十分に大きい場合を「高アスペクト比」と称する。
帆船における帆は、風に対して翼として作用する。従来の帆船では、帆のアスペクト比は、日本丸の場合は帆スパン長さよりも帆コード長さが小さく、したがってアスペクト比は1未満であり、また新愛徳丸の場合はアスペクト比は1.5(帆スパン長さ12m、帆コード長さ8m)である。
これに対して、本発明の帆1では、アスペクト比は5以上にすることができる。
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the definition of the aspect ratio of the blade 1. As shown in FIG. 4, the aspect ratio represents a ratio of “span length” corresponding to the height of the wing and “code length” corresponding to the width of the wing.
A case where “span length” is sufficiently larger than “code length” is referred to as “high aspect ratio”.
The sail in a sailing ship acts as a wing against the wind. In a conventional sailing vessel, the sail aspect ratio is less than the sail span length in the case of Nippon Maru, so the aspect ratio is less than 1, and in the case of Shin Aitoku Maru, the aspect ratio is 1.5. (Sail span length 12 m, sail cord length 8 m).
On the other hand, in the sail 1 of the present invention, the aspect ratio can be 5 or more.

図5にアスペクト比の変化が揚力係数に及ぼす影響を示す。図5はアスペクト比を変化させた場合の、揚力係数CLと迎角αの関係を表したグラフである。
アスペクト比が5(図5の表記では1:5)を超えると揚力係数はあまり変化しないが、アスペクト比が5より小さくなると、揚力係数は減少する。アスペクト比が2(図5の表記では1:2)の場合は、揚力係数はアスペクト比5の場合よりも30%程度減少する。
FIG. 5 shows the influence of the change in the aspect ratio on the lift coefficient. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the lift coefficient C L and the angle of attack α when the aspect ratio is changed.
When the aspect ratio exceeds 5 (1: 5 in the notation of FIG. 5), the lift coefficient does not change much, but when the aspect ratio becomes smaller than 5, the lift coefficient decreases. When the aspect ratio is 2 (1: 2 in the notation of FIG. 5), the lift coefficient is reduced by about 30% compared to the aspect ratio of 5.

図6は本発明の帆走船用翼列式帆10の効果を示すグラフである。同図に示すように、帆走船用翼列式帆10と同一の投影面積の円弧断面型単葉帆(一枚帆)と比較した場合、2倍以上の揚力が発生する。   FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of the sailing wing cascade sail 10 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, when compared with a single-section sail with a cross-section arc (single sail) having the same projected area as the wing cascade sail 10 for a sailing ship, a lifting force twice or more is generated.

図7は従来の単葉帆と本発明の翼列式帆によるマストの水平旋回モーメントの比較説明図で、(a)は従来の単葉帆の場合、(b)は本発明の翼列式帆の場合である。
従来の単葉帆の場合、帆の高さ及び幅が大きいので、風による揚力及び抗力は図7(a)に示すように大きくなる。このため、マストには大きな水平旋回モーメントが発生する。なお、揚力及び抗力の中心は、通常の場合、コード長さLの1/3位の所にくる。
これに対して、本発明の翼列式帆の場合、図7(b)に示すように、マストには小さな水平旋回モーメントしか発生しない。これは、全ての翼の力を合わせると、マスト回りで力が合殺された結果によるからである。
また、本発明の翼列式帆では、マストの水平旋回モーメントが小さくなることから、マストの旋回トルク(保持トルク)が小さくてすむという効果もある。
FIG. 7 is a comparative explanatory view of the horizontal turning moment of the mast between the conventional single-leaf sail and the blade-type sail of the present invention. (A) is a conventional single-leaf sail, and (b) is the blade-type sail of the present invention. Is the case.
In the case of the conventional single-leaf sail, since the height and width of the sail are large, the lift and drag due to the wind increase as shown in FIG. For this reason, a large horizontal turning moment is generated in the mast. It should be noted that the center of lift and drag is normally at the 1/3 position of the cord length L.
On the other hand, in the case of the cascade sail according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7B, only a small horizontal turning moment is generated in the mast. This is because when all the wing forces are combined, the force is killed around the mast.
Further, in the cascade sail of the present invention, since the horizontal turning moment of the mast is reduced, there is an effect that the turning torque (holding torque) of the mast can be reduced.

1 翼
2 台
3 凹部
4 マスト
5 軸
6 ベース
7 起倒用油圧シリンダー
8 伸縮用油圧シリンダー
10 帆走船用翼列式帆
100 帆走船の甲板
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wing 2 units 3 Recessed part 4 Mast 5 Axis 6 Base 7 Tilting hydraulic cylinder 8 Telescopic hydraulic cylinder 10 Cascade sail for sailing ship 100 Sailboat deck

Claims (2)

マストに支持された台に、高アスペクト比を有する翼カスケード状に多数並列に設けられ、
前記台の中央部下部には凹部が形成されており、該凹部内において、前記台が前記マストの先端部に軸を介して起倒可能および伸縮可能に支持されていることを特徴とする帆走船用翼列式帆。
A number of wings with a high aspect ratio are cascaded in parallel on a platform supported by a mast ,
A sail is characterized in that a recess is formed in the lower part of the central part of the table, and the table is supported by the tip of the mast so that it can be tilted and extended and retracted via a shaft. Ship cascade sail.
翼のアスペクト比は5以上であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の帆走船用翼列式帆。   The wing-type sail for a sailing ship according to claim 1, wherein the wing has an aspect ratio of 5 or more.
JP2010146637A 2010-06-28 2010-06-28 Sailboat wing sail Active JP5558226B2 (en)

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JP6168865B2 (en) * 2013-06-13 2017-07-26 株式会社タカキタ A ship with an aerial ladder on the bow side

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JPS6121890A (en) * 1984-07-06 1986-01-30 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Sailing ship
JPS6396998U (en) * 1986-12-15 1988-06-23
US5868092A (en) * 1997-06-24 1999-02-09 Milidragovic; Mladen Wing sail and method of use
JP5558192B2 (en) * 2010-04-28 2014-07-23 ジャパンマリンユナイテッド株式会社 Sailing ship with tiltable sail

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