JP2012240539A - Ship having square sail formed with hard sail, and method for accommodating and deploying square sail - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ship having a square sail formed with a hard sail, which is capable of ensuring the view in a congested sea area by accommodating the sail to the size for neglecting the presence of the sail when the sail is not required, improving the performance of the ship handling, the anchoring, and the pier docking and undocking under strong wind, and reducing the aerodynamic resistance under the head wind in a ship having a main engine, a propulsion apparatus to be driven by the main engine, and the square sail formed with the hard sail arranged on a deck; and to provide a method for accommodating and deploying the square sail.SOLUTION: The ship has a main engine, a propulsion apparatus to be driven by the main engine, and a square sail 10 formed with a hard sail and arranged on a deck 2. A turning mechanism 20 is provided at a root supporting part of a sail body 11 of the square sail 10. When accommodating the square sail 10, the sail body 11 is turned around the turning mechanism 20 and collapsed and placed on the deck 2. When the square sail 10 is deployed, the sail body 11 is turned around the turning mechanism 20 and erected.

Description

  The present invention relates to a main engine and a propulsion device that is driven by the main engine, and also relates to a ship including a side sail formed of a hard sail as a propulsion assist, and a method for storing and deploying the side sail.

In order to reduce the total amount of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emitted by a ship, it is effective to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emitted not only by new ships but also by many existing ships. As an energy-saving device that can be installed on an existing ship, there is an energy-saving additive installed around the propeller. However, with regard to this energy-saving additive, performance improvement has progressed so far, and it is difficult to dramatically improve the performance in the future. It has been. Therefore, in addition to these energy-saving addenda, the development of new energy-saving devices that can be installed on existing ships has become an important issue.

  In this connection, dozens of cargo ships equipped with sails were built in the 1980s, including domestic ships and outer bulk carriers, and their effects have already been demonstrated. These sailing vessels have a relatively small sail area, so the energy saving effect of this auxiliary sail is limited, but without significantly affecting the maneuvering, visibility, structure, outfitting, etc. It can be easily attached to an existing ship and is a candidate for a newly required energy-saving device.

  For hard sails equipped on large merchant ships based on this aircraft sailing, a mechanism for contracting sail is important, and many proposals and developments have been made.For example, hard sail assemblies are nested. There has been proposed a sailing ship including a hard sail that is formed of a plurality of wing cross-section cylindrical hard sails, and that houses the hard sails immediately above the nests in the hard sails immediately below (see, for example, (See Patent Document 1).

  However, in this nested hard sail, the lowermost wing cross-section cylinder remains in the retracted state, and the area of the sail when retracted is significantly smaller than the area of the sail when deployed, but almost no sail exists. There is a problem that it cannot be stored to such an extent that can be ignored. The problem of storing the sail is an important issue in terms of securing visibility in congested waters, maneuvering under strong winds, improving anchorage, performance on landing berths, reducing aerodynamic drag under headwinds, etc. It has become.

JP 2009-214633 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described situation, and an object thereof is to include a main engine, a propulsion device driven by the main engine, and a side sail formed by a hard sail arranged on a deck. In the ship, when the sail is not necessary, it can be stored to the extent that the presence of the sail can be ignored, ensuring the visibility in the congested water area, and improving the performance of maneuvering, anchoring, and landing pier under strong winds, It is an object of the present invention to provide a ship having a side sail formed of a hard sail capable of reducing aerodynamic resistance under a head wind and a method for storing and deploying the side sail.

  To achieve the above object, a ship having a horizontal sail formed of a hard sail of the present invention is formed of a main engine, a propulsion device driven by the main engine, and a hard sail disposed on a deck. A horizontal mechanism is provided, and a rotation mechanism is provided at a base support portion of the main body of the horizontal sail, and when the horizontal sail is stored, the main body of the sail is rotated around the rotation mechanism to fall down and placed on the deck. The sail body is configured to rotate and stand up around the rotation mechanism when the side sail is deployed.

  According to this configuration, when the sail is not required, the presence of the sail can be stored to an extent that can be ignored, ensuring visibility in the congested water area, and performance related to maneuvering, anchoring, and landing berth in strong winds. It is possible to improve and reduce the aerodynamic resistance under the headwind.

  In a ship equipped with a horizontal sail formed of the above-mentioned hard sail, the sail main body is formed in a plurality of stages, and when the horizontal sail is stored, the sail main body is folded and placed on the deck. The ratio of side sails on the deck when the side sails are retracted is reduced, and the impact on deck work can be reduced.

  In a ship equipped with a horizontal sail formed of the above-mentioned hard sail, when the sail body is configured to stand up and fall by the expansion and contraction of the piston provided in the rotation mechanism, the side sail is achieved with a relatively simple structure and control. Can be expanded and stored.

  In a ship provided with a horizontal sail formed of the above-mentioned hard sail, when the horizontal sail is stored on the deck with the portion that becomes the upper surface when the horizontal sail is stored being placed on the deck, the wind is the sail main body. When it hits, lift is generated in the upward direction opposite to gravity, so that the torque at the start of standing can be reduced, and a stable state is obtained in the middle of storing the side sail. Furthermore, rainwater is unlikely to collect on the sail body when placed on the deck 2.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for storing and deploying a side sail according to the present invention includes a main sail and a side sail formed by a hard sail provided on a ship deck provided with a propulsion device driven by the main engine. In the method for storing and deploying the sail, when the side sail is stored, it is rotated around a rotation mechanism provided on a root support portion of the sail main body of the side sail, is overturned and placed on the deck, and the side sail is deployed. In some cases, the sail body is rotated around the rotating mechanism to stand up.

  According to this method, when the sail is not needed, it can be stored to the extent that the presence of the sail can be ignored, ensuring the visibility in the congested water area, and the performance of maneuvering, anchoring, and take-off pier under strong winds. It is possible to improve and reduce the aerodynamic resistance under the headwind.

  In the above-described method for storing and deploying the horizontal sail, when the method is adopted in which the sail main body formed in a plurality of stages is folded and placed on the deck when the horizontal sail is stored, the deck is stored when the horizontal sail is stored. The proportion of the sail body occupying the top is reduced, and the influence on the deck work can be reduced.

  In the above method for storing and deploying the side sail, if the method of raising and lowering the sail body by extending and retracting the piston provided in the rotating mechanism is adopted, the storage and deployment of the side sail can be performed with a relatively simple structure and control. Will be able to do.

  In the above-described method for storing and deploying the side sail, if a method of placing the side sail on the deck with the portion that becomes the upper surface when storing the side sail being adopted on the deck, gravity is applied when the wind hits the sail body. Since lift is generated in the upward direction opposite to the above, the torque at the start of standing can be reduced, and a stable state is obtained during the storage of the side sail. Furthermore, rainwater is unlikely to collect on the sail body when placed on the deck 2.

  According to the ship equipped with a horizontal sail formed by the hard sail of the present invention and the method for storing and deploying the horizontal sail, the main engine, the propulsion device driven by the main engine, and the hard sail arranged on the deck are formed. In a ship equipped with a horizontal sail, when it is not necessary, it can be stored to the extent that it can be ignored, ensuring visibility in congested waters, maneuvering under anchorage, anchoring, and taking off It is possible to improve the performance of the crosspiece and reduce the aerodynamic resistance under the headwind.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the ship provided with the side sail formed with the hard sail of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state at the time of storage of the side sail which the convex surface of a side sail becomes an upper side. It is a perspective view which shows the side sail of the state at the time of expansion | deployment of the side sail of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state at the time of storage of the side sail which the concave surface of a side sail becomes an upper side. It is a perspective view which shows the side sail of the state at the time of expansion | deployment of the side sail of FIG. It is a rear view of the side sail of the structure which uses a piston for storage and expansion | deployment. It is a top view of the side sail of FIG. It is a side view of the state which stored the side sail of FIG. It is a side view of the state which unfolded the side sail of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which folded the sail main body formed in the multistage at the time of storing of a side sail. It is a perspective view which shows the middle state of storing and expansion | deployment of the side sail of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state at the time of expansion | deployment of the side sail of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which fell the sail main body using the mast and wire at the time of storing of a side sail. It is a perspective view which shows the state at the time of expansion | deployment of the side sail of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which folded the sail main body formed in multiple steps using the raising / lowering apparatus which raises / lowers a mast at the time of storing of a horizontal sail. It is a perspective view which shows the middle state of storing and expansion | deployment of the side sail of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state at the time of expansion | deployment of the side sail of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the retracted state of the side sail which uses a counterweight. It is a perspective view which shows the storing state of the side sail which uses a counterweight, a mast, and a wire.

  Hereinafter, a ship equipped with a horizontal sail formed of a hard sail according to an embodiment of the present invention and a method for storing and deploying the horizontal sail will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a ship (hereinafter referred to as a ship) 1 having a horizontal sail formed of hard sails includes a main engine and a propulsion device driven by the main engine, and serves as auxiliary propulsion on a deck 2. A side sail (hereinafter, referred to as a side sail) 10 formed of a hard sail arranged in a

  In this ship 1, a rotation mechanism 20 and a turning mechanism 30 are provided in the root support portion 14 of the side sail 10, and as shown in FIG. 2 or 4, when the side sail 10 is stored, the sail body 11 of the side sail 10 is rotated. As shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 5, when the side sail 10 is deployed, the sail body 11 is rotated around the rotation mechanism 20 to rotate the deck 2. Configured to stand up. Then, when the side sail 10 is deployed and sailed while receiving wind from the side sail 10 and using it as auxiliary propulsion, the side sail 10 is adjusted so as to obtain an optimum angle while measuring the wind direction and the wind speed. The sail body 11 is turned by the turning mechanism 30.

  The sail main body 11 of the horizontal sail 10 is formed integrally with a hard sail, or is integrally formed for each stage in a multi-stage configuration. In the horizontal sail 10, a reinforcing portion in which the plate thickness of the sail main body 11 is increased or a reinforcing member is attached is provided on the left and right edge portions of the sail main body 11 to maintain the shape of the sail main body 11. It is preferable that the reinforcing portion has not only reinforcement but also a role that suppresses leading edge peeling and also maintains an effect of maintaining a high lift generated at a wide angle of attack. According to this configuration, the mechanism is simpler than that of the soft sail, the support mechanism 14 for supporting the sail body 11, the turning mechanism 30 for changing the direction of the side sail 10 according to the wind direction, and the rotation mechanism for deployment and storage. Since only 20 is required, the mechanism of the sail device can be simplified and the weight can be reduced.

  In addition, the shape of the sail body 11 viewed from the front is rectangular in the drawing, but is not necessarily limited to the rectangle, and is not necessarily limited to the rectangular shape. (In relation to the above), it may be formed into a trapezoidal shape or other shapes from the viewpoint of ensuring visibility during navigation.

  Moreover, it is preferable to form the cross-sectional shape of this sail main body 11 symmetrically. As the left-right symmetric shape, a left-right symmetric arc, elliptical arc, long arc, polygonal wing, and the like are conceivable. This symmetrical configuration simplifies processing in the manufacturing process of the sail body 11 while ensuring sufficient lift as power assistance, improves workability, and shortens manufacturing and assembly processes. Further, since the same propulsive force by the wind force can be obtained when turning left and right at the same angle with respect to the right and left symmetric wind directions, the control of the sail body 11 is the same with respect to the left and right symmetric wind directions with respect to the hull center line. The control can be simplified.

  2 and 3, when the horizontal sail 10 is stored, the sail body 11 of the horizontal sail 10 is tilted backward, and the upper surface portion is placed on the deck 2 with the convex side of the horizontal sail, 4 and 5, the sail body 11 is tilted forward and placed on the deck 2 with the portion that becomes the upper surface when the side sail 10 is stored being the concave side of the sail body 11.

  In the configuration of FIGS. 2 and 3, since the convex side of the sail body 11 is up when the side sail 10 is retracted, lift is generated in the upward direction opposite to gravity when the wind hits the sail body 11. Therefore, the torque at the start of standing can be reduced, and a stable state is obtained during the storage of the side sail 10. Furthermore, rainwater is unlikely to collect on the sail body when placed on the deck 2.

  4 and 5, the convex surface side of the sail body 11 is down while the side sail 10 is being stored or unfolded. Therefore, when the wind hits the sail body, the downward direction is the same as gravity. Since lift force is generated in the direction, the torque at the start of the overturn can be reduced, and the force acts in a direction that is stable in the overturned state while the side sail 10 is being stored. Moreover, in the state mounted on the deck 2, since the force which presses the sail main body 11 against the deck 2 acts when wind strikes, it is effective in terms of safety.

  And the structure which performs the fall and standing of this side sail 10 is comprised so that it may be performed with the piston 22 provided in the rotation mechanism 20, as shown, for example in FIGS. The piston 22 is formed by a hydraulic piston or the like. In this configuration, the one end side of the piston 22 is connected to the sail body 11 side of the support column 14 and the other end side is connected to the base side of the support column 14 via hinges 22a and 22b with the rotating portion 21 of the rotation mechanism 20 interposed therebetween. Configured.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the sail main body 11 is rotated around the rotating portion 21 by the reduction of the piston 22 and falls and stored, and as shown in FIG. 9, the sail main body 11 is extended by the extended length of the piston 22. 11 is rotated around the rotating portion 21 to stand. According to this configuration, the side sail can be stored and deployed with a relatively simple structure and control.

  With this configuration and the method of storing and deploying the side sail, when the side sail 10 is not required, it is stored to the extent that the presence of the side sail 10 can be ignored, ensuring visibility in congested waters and under strong winds. It is possible to improve the performance of maneuvering, anchoring, and berthing and to reduce the aerodynamic resistance under the headwind.

  10 to 12, the side sail 10 is formed in a plurality of stages (two stages in the configuration of FIGS. 10 to 12), and the side sail 10 is folded and placed on the deck 2 when the side sail 10 is stored. Configure. In this case, when the side sail 10 is stored, the proportion of the side sail 10 on the deck 2 is reduced, and the influence on the deck work can be reduced.

  Next, another method of falling and standing without using a piston will be described. In the method shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the upper portion of the sail body 11 is supported by a wire 25 passing through a pulley 24 provided on the top of a mast (post) 23, and the wire 25 is wound by a wire winding device 26 provided on the deck 2. The sail main body 11 is stored as shown in FIG. 13 and the wire 25 is wound up to stand the sail main body 11 as shown in FIG.

  The method shown in FIGS. 15 to 17 supports the upper part of the sail body 11 via a hinge, moves up and down along the post 23, and is formed by a plurality of steps (two steps in the configuration of FIGS. 15 to 17). When the sail 10 is retracted, as shown in FIG. 15, the upper portion of the sail body 11 is lowered along the mast 23 by an elevating device (not shown), the sail body 11 is folded and placed on the deck 2. At the time of deployment, as shown in FIG. 17, the upper portion of the sail body 11 is raised along the post 23 by the lifting device to erect the sail body 11. In this case, the mast 23 and the sail body 11 are connected by a link mechanism, and the upper part of the sail body 11 is moved along the mast rail (not shown) by the lifting device.

  The method shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 is a method using a counterweight (balance weight) 40, and the method shown in FIG. 18 is for falling and standing by providing the counterweight 40 in the configuration of FIGS. Reduce the torque. In the method shown in FIG. 19, the counterweight 40 is provided in the configuration shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 to reduce the torque for falling and standing.

  In addition, in the case of a fully retractable type that does not use the mast 23 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 12 and FIG. 18, there is an advantage that the field of view is not obstructed during storage, but a rotation mechanism that supports the sail body 11. There is a problem in the strength of the 20 rotating parts (hinge parts) 21. In the case of a mast type using a mast 23 as shown in FIGS. 13 to 17 and 19, the configuration is relatively simple and relatively easy. However, there is a problem that the mast 23 that obstructs the view from the bridge 3 remains upright during storage.

  As for the arrangement of the side sail 10 on the deck 2, as shown in FIG. 1, the side sail 10 is arranged so as to be in a straight line from the monitoring position of the bridge 3, and the side sail 10 is deployed to run. It is preferable to make the range in which the view from the bridge 3 is obstructed as small as possible. Moreover, it is preferable to make the line of sight as wide as possible by securing the line of sight by reducing the height as going forward. According to the above-mentioned ship 1 and the method for storing and deploying the side sail, in the ship provided with the main engine, the propulsion device driven by the main engine, and the side sail formed by the hard sail arranged on the deck, Can be stored to the extent that sails can be ignored when necessary, ensuring visibility in congested waters, improved performance in maneuvering, anchoring, and landing piers under strong winds, and under headwinds The aerodynamic resistance can be reduced.

  According to the ship equipped with a horizontal sail formed by the hard sail of the present invention and the method for storing and deploying the horizontal sail, the main engine, the propulsion device driven by the main engine, and the hard sail arranged on the deck are formed. In a ship equipped with a horizontal sail, when it is not necessary, it can be stored to the extent that it can be ignored, ensuring visibility in congested waters, maneuvering under anchorage, anchoring, and taking off Since it is possible to improve the performance of the crosspiece and reduce the aerodynamic resistance under the headwind, it can be used for many ships including existing ships.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship 2 Deck 3 Bridge 10 Side sail 11 Sail body 14 Strut 20 Rotating mechanism 21 Rotating part 22 Piston 23 Mast 24 Pulley 25 Wire 26 Wire winding device 30 Turning mechanism 40 Counterweight

Claims (8)

  A main sail, a propulsion device driven by the main engine, and a side sail formed by a hard sail disposed on the deck, and a rotation mechanism is provided at a root support portion of the sail body of the side sail, When storing the sail, the sail body rotates around the rotation mechanism and falls down and is placed on the deck, and when the side sail is deployed, the sail body rotates around the rotation mechanism and stands up. A ship with a horizontal sail formed of hard sails.   The horizontal sail formed by the hard sail according to claim 1, wherein the sail main body is formed in a plurality of stages, and the sail main body is folded and placed on the deck when the horizontal sail is stored. Ship.   3. A ship with a horizontal sail formed by a hard sail according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sail main body is raised and falls by expansion and contraction of a piston provided in the rotation mechanism.   The side sail formed by the hard sail according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the side sail is placed on the deck with a portion that becomes an upper surface when the side sail is stored being a convex side of the sail body. Ship equipped.   In a method for storing and deploying a side sail formed by a hard sail provided on a deck of a ship having a main engine and a propulsion device driven by the main engine, the base of the main body of the side sail is stored when the side sail is stored. Rotating and rotating around a rotating mechanism provided in the support unit and placing it on the deck, and when deploying the side sail, the sail body rotates around the rotating mechanism and stands up. How to store and unfold the sail.   6. The method for storing and deploying a side sail according to claim 5, wherein the sail body formed in a plurality of stages is placed on the deck by folding the sail body when the side sail is stored.   The method for storing and deploying a side sail according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the sail main body is raised and falls by expansion and contraction of a piston provided in the rotation mechanism.   The method for storing and deploying a side sail according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the side sail is placed on the deck with a portion that becomes an upper surface when the side sail is stored being a convex side of the sail body.

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