JP5552578B1 - Pressure ulcer prevention supporter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: A pressure ulcer prevention supporter capable of preventing pressure ulcers in a bedridden person who is difficult to voluntarily exercise the lower limbs, and the positional relationship between the heels, heels, ankles, lower legs, rib heads, and orthoses is not shifted by the change of limb position. I will provide a.
A pressure ulcer prevention supporter is attached so as to be extrapolated to an ankle 103 and a lower leg 104 of the user. The pressure ulcer prevention supporter has a cylindrical shape with openings 9a and 9b at both ends, and a cylindrical cushion 3 that can be attached to the lower leg 104 so as to cover the ankle 103 from the user's toe 101, and an intermediate portion in the radial direction. A tightening portion 4 configured to have a stretchability for tightening, and is positioned at both ends of the tightening portion and provided with a larger diameter than the tightening portion, or configured to have a weaker stretchability in the radial direction. And an elastic cylindrical cushion cover 2 having both end portions 5 and 6, and the tightening portion 4 of the cushion cover 2 is disposed in the lumen of the cylindrical cushion, and the both end portions Is fixed to the outer surface 10 of the cylindrical cushion.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  In the bedridden who have difficulty in voluntary movement due to movement paralysis of the lower limbs or bone joint disease, the heel, which protrudes from the lower back of the foot, is a site where pressure ulcers occur frequently. Cushions are usually used to lift pressure from the surface. In order to improve general health maintenance, cushions are also used that cover the lower leg for the purpose of preventing edema, keeping warm, and keeping cold.

  As tools for the purpose of pressure relief for pressure ulcer prevention, pillows and cushions for lifting pressure from the bed surface or mat surface to remove pressure for the purpose of pressure ulcer prevention are disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 13, etc. It is disclosed.

  In general, when such a cushion is used over a long period of time or over 24 hours, the cushion and the user's heel, ankle, lower leg, etc. There is a problem in that the positional relationship between and the purpose cannot be achieved.

  In addition, it has been reported that there is a risk of causing an ankle and a pressure ulcer in the radial head when lying in a lateral position due to turning over or changing the body position, or in a rotated limb position from the foot to the lower leg.

  In addition, the cushion cover is used not only for one time but also for several times or more than one person. For cushion hygiene and hygiene management, and for wearing on the user's lower limb skin, the cushion cover There is a need to use.

Registered Utility Model No. 3119999 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-90609 JP 2000-51282 A JP 2002-95570 A Registered Utility Model No. 3176428 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-56322 JP 2011-125679 A Japanese Patent No. 4536141 Japanese Patent No. 4958055 Japanese Patent No. 3547438 Special table 2008-510524 gazette Japanese National Patent Publication No. 6-510681 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 38-21390

Assess local complications after orthopedic surgery (3) nerve paralysis Motoko Matsushima, Orthopedic nursing 12 (4): 333-337, 2007. Sensory impairment of the lower limbs and muscle weakness Masahisa Shomon, JOURNAL OF CLINICAL REHABILITATION 13 (12): 1098-1105, 2004

  However, the tools disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents have the following problems.

  In the devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 7, all of the devices such as cushions are arranged so as to be wound or clamped from the ankle to the calf portion. In these configurations, the posture of the brace is easily shifted during posture change, turning over, or changing the rotational position of the foot, heel, or lower leg, and the pressure reducing effect of the heel cannot be obtained. Further, there is a possibility that the orthosis itself rotates and moves with respect to the ankle, and it is impossible to prevent pressure ulcers when the mounting tape portion, the binding portion, the separation portion, etc. come on the lower surface, that is, the load surface. Moreover, in these, there is no consideration for prevention of pressure ulcers and radial nerve palsy.

  In Patent Documents 8 to 11, a brace that is configured to wrap from below the knee to the toes is fixed to the leg, but the positional relationship between the brace and the ankle and ankle, and the lower leg and the brace is not always stable. If the strap is tightened to enhance stability, local pressure from the ankle to the lower leg becomes stronger, and a new pressure ulcer may occur. In the lateral position, pressure on the inner or outer heel or pressure ulcer development can be a problem.

  The cushion currently disclosed by patent documents 12-13 tries to prevent the pressure sore of the said heel part by arrange | positioning under a leg and making the heel part rise. However, all of these braces are structured like a splint that covers from the toes to above the knees, so they cannot handle the limb position when lying on the side, and there is a risk that the heel will fall off the pillow. It cannot be avoided.

  In addition, as shown in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, there is a risk of causing radial nerve palsy due to radial head compression in a swung limb position from the foot to the lower leg when turned into a lateral position due to turning over or changing position The problem of accompanies it has also been pointed out. For this reason, it is necessary to configure the brace so that it does not compress the ribs with a predetermined gap below the knee, and some of the braces described in the above-mentioned patent documents do not consider this problem, and the radial nerve A configuration that can cause paralysis is also included.

  Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, even in a bedridden who is difficult to move spontaneously due to lower limb movement disorder or bone joint disease, limb position movement or rotation change due to body position change or turning over, Prevents heels, ankles, lower legs, radial heads and orthotics from shifting in position, prevents pressure ulcers on the heels, heels, and radial heads, and prevents radial nerve palsy, An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure ulcer prevention supporter which can be hygienically managed and can be effectively worn for the purpose of preventing edema, keeping warm and keeping cold.

  In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a pressure ulcer prevention supporter having the following configuration.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a cylindrical pressure ulcer prevention supporter to be worn so as to be extrapolated to a user's lower limb,
A cylindrical cushion that is configured in a cylindrical shape that is open at both ends, and that can be worn on the lower leg so as to cover the ankle from the toe of the user;
A tightening portion configured to have elastic properties for tightening in the radial direction at an intermediate portion, and located at both ends of the tightening portion, and provided with a larger diameter than the tightening portion, or in the radial direction An elastic cylindrical cushion cover having both side ends that are weakly configured, and the cushion cover is disposed in a lumen of the cylindrical cushion, and the both side ends are the cylindrical cushion There is provided a pressure ulcer prevention supporter which is fixed to the surface of the tubular cushion through the opening and fixed to the tubular cushion.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to the first aspect, wherein the cushion cover is fixed to an outer surface of the cylindrical cushion.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the lower leg portion of the cylindrical cushion has a thickness of an inner and outer diameter difference larger than a height difference between the back surface of the user's heel and the rear surface of the ankle. Or the pressure ulcer prevention supporter of a 2nd aspect is provided.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the lumen of the cylindrical cushion is configured such that the ankle portion in a state of being extrapolated to the user's lower limb is smaller than the lumen diameter located in the lower leg portion. The pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to any one of the first to third aspects is provided.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, any one of the first to fourth aspects is characterized in that the cylindrical cushion is configured to have such a length that the proximal end does not reach the radial head when worn. One anti-decubitus supporter is provided.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the cylindrical cushion is configured using a heat insulating material.

  The pressure ulcer prevention supporter of the present invention provides a stretchable cylindrical cushion having a predetermined thickness from the ankle to the lower leg, via a toe, in a bedridden who is difficult to voluntarily exercise due to movement paralysis or bone joint disease of the lower limbs. Extrapolate to the top side. As a result, the heel rises from the floor surface, and the heel, which has a slightly lower protrusion than the heel, also rises from the floor surface along with the heel position by changing the posture to the lateral position or rotating the limbs. At the same time, the pressure ulcer prevention supporter covers the inner and outer upper and lower surfaces of the lower leg with appropriate load pressure or wearing pressure, so local overpressure is unlikely to occur, and the lower limb load below the knee can be received by being distributed in the calf area. Thus, pressure ulcer prevention effect is achieved.

  In addition, the pressure ulcer prevention supporter of the present invention has a stretchable cylindrical cushion cover having a tightening portion that is narrower or has a relatively strong contractibility than other portions, and is inserted into the lumen of the cylindrical cushion. It is fixed in a state, and the feet are inserted into the cushion cover, and extrapolated to the ankles and lower legs. At this time, the tightening portion of the cylindrical cushion cover contracts and is fixed according to the shape of the lower limb of the wearer, so that the position of the cushion cover can be stabilized. Thus, the positional relationship between the cushion and the heel, ankle, and lower leg can be stabilized.

  In addition, the change in the pressure applied from the ankle to the calf due to the expansion and contraction of the cushion cover brings the wearing stability, and the subtle effect of changing the pressure applied in addition to the load pressure distribution by the cylindrical cushion can be applied to prevent edema. .

  Here, the effect of decompressing the radial head and preventing radial nerve palsy is obtained by setting the cylindrical cushion to a length whose proximal end does not reach the radial head.

  Furthermore, by using a heat insulating material as the cylindrical cushion, it is expected that the heating agent or the cooling agent provided at the mounting portion of the pressure ulcer prevention supporter has a heat insulating and cooling effect.

  According to the present invention, by wearing a pressure ulcer prevention supporter, the portion beyond the calf is raised, venous perfusion is promoted, and an edema prevention effect is expected.

  The pressure ulcer prevention supporter can be freely attached and detached from the user's lower limbs due to the elasticity of the cylindrical cushion and cushion cover, and the lumen of the cylindrical cushion is covered with the cushion cover to improve the feel when worn effective.

It is a figure which shows the state equipped with the pressure ulcer prevention supporter concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the pressure ulcer prevention supporter of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the cushion cover used for the pressure ulcer prevention supporter of FIG. It is a side perspective view which shows typically the structure of the cylindrical cushion used for the pressure ulcer prevention supporter of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state of the toe of the state where the pressure ulcer prevention supporter of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which mounted | wore with the pressure sore prevention supporter of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the pressure ulcer prevention supporter concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which the pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to the first embodiment of the present invention is mounted. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure ulcer prevention supporter of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pressure ulcer prevention supporter 1 according to the present embodiment is used by being worn on a lower limb 100 of a user. The pressure ulcer prevention supporter 1 includes a stretchable cylindrical cushion cover 2 that is extrapolated to the user's ankle 103 and the lower leg 104, and a cylindrical cushion 3 that is configured in a cylindrical shape with both ends open. The cushion cover 2 is disposed in a state of being inserted into the lumen 9 of the cylindrical cushion 3, and both ends thereof are coupled to the cylindrical cushion.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a cushion cover used in the pressure ulcer prevention supporter of FIG. 1. The cushion cover 2 is made of a fabric that is elastic in the radial direction, which is formed in a cylindrical shape, and may also be elastic in the length direction. As the fabric used for the cushion cover 2, woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, knitted fabric, mesh knitting, and the like that are flexible and flexible and have elasticity can be used.

  The cushion cover 2 is provided with a tightening portion 4 configured to have expansion and contraction in the radial direction at an intermediate portion thereof, and is provided at a larger diameter than the tightening portion 4 and positioned at both ends of the tightening portion 4 or in the radial direction. The side ends 5 and 6 are configured to be weakly stretched.

  The tightening portion 4 is intended to hold the cushion cover 2 so as not to be displaced by tightening an arbitrary position of the user's lower limb with an appropriate tightening force at the time of wearing. The tightening portion 4 is preferably fixed to the lower limb by generally tightening the thinnest ankle, but may tighten other portions. The length dimension L1 of the tightening portion 4 may be determined as appropriate depending on the tightening strength, and is specifically about 3 to 8 cm, and may have some longitudinal stretchability.

  Both end portions 5 and 6 are provided with extensibility that can be opened to a large diameter, and are preferably configured to be expandable and contractable in the radial direction and the longitudinal direction. Further, the length may be different between the distal end portion 5 positioned below the tightening portion 4 and the proximal end portion 6 positioned above the tightening portion at the time of mounting. Moreover, the surface fastener 12 is provided in the edge part of the both-sides edge parts 5 and 6, for example, and it is made to detachably fix to the surrounding surface 10 of the cylindrical cushion 3 using the said surface fastener 12. FIG. The fixing of the side end portions 5 and 6 is not limited to a hook-and-loop fastener, but may be a button or a hook, and may be fixed so that it cannot be removed during normal use, for example, by sewing.

  In addition, the both side edge parts 5 and 6 can shorten the length of the both side edge parts 5 and 6 by fixing to the side surface 10s besides being fixed to the surrounding surface 10, but the shape of a cylindrical cushion is The attachment position can be appropriately determined in consideration of the characteristics of the cylindrical cushion so as not to become unstable.

  FIG. 4 is a side perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a cylindrical cushion used in the pressure ulcer prevention supporter of FIG. The cylindrical cushion 3 is a stretchable cylindrical cushion having a lumen diameter capable of extrapolating from the user's toes to the proximal side of the lower leg via the ankle at the maximum extension. A lumen 9 penetrating in the longitudinal direction is provided. The body part is made of a sponge material such as urethane molded into a cylindrical shape, a cylindrical air bag made of stretchable urethane film, etc., or a cylindrical cover filled with a cushioning filler. Can be used.

  In addition, as a material used for the main body portion 8, a heat insulating material having excellent heat retaining properties (for example, foamed polyurethane, etc.) is used so that the ankle portion is heated or cooled, or a heat insulating agent or a cooling material is incorporated. In case of dripping, it is possible to maintain heat insulation or cold insulation.

  The thickness B of the inner and outer diameter difference of the cylindrical cushion 3 is preferably larger than the difference in height between the rear surface of the user's heel 102 and the rear surface of the ankle 103. According to this configuration, the user's heel 102 when worn. The rear surface can be kept floating from the floor. Moreover, if the thickness dimension B is ensured over the entire circumference, the outer surface shape of the cylindrical cushion 3 may be a cylindrical shape or a polygonal cylindrical shape.

  The outer dimension R1 of the cylindrical cushion 3 is derived from the proximal opening diameter R3 and the thickness dimension B of the lumen 9, and is generally configured to be approximately 20 to 30 centimeters. Depending on the, it may be more.

  The cylindrical cushion 3 has an inner diameter dimension of the lumen 9, that is, R2 or R3, which is sufficiently larger from the wearer's foot to the lower leg when the cushion lumen is extended and enlarged, and from the ankle to the lower leg when the cushion is contracted. It has elasticity that makes it a reasonable fit. In the present embodiment, the lumen 9 may be configured to have substantially the same diameter in the length direction, or the inner diameter may be varied according to the shape of the lower leg 104 as in the example shown in FIG. The opening R2 on the side may be configured to be smaller than the opening R3 on the proximal side.

  The length dimension L4 of the cylindrical cushion 3 is preferably a length that does not reach the radial head 106 of the lower leg when worn and does not compress the radial nerve 107 that runs on the back side thereof. However, it is preferable that the length is about 30 centimeters. According to this configuration, radial nerve palsy as a complication that is likely to occur due to compression of the radial nerve 107 can be prevented.

  The cushion cover 2 and the cylindrical cushion 3 are arranged so that the cushion cover 2 is disposed in a state of being inserted into the lumen 9 of the cylindrical cushion 3, and both side end portions 5 and 6 exposed to the outside of the lumen 9 are folded back. The surface of the mold cushion 3 is fixed to, for example, the side surface 10 s or the circumferential surface 10. The cushion cover 2 has a length equal to or greater than the length L4 of the cylindrical cushion 3, and is fixed to the cylindrical cushion 3 with a slight extra length as shown in FIG. . Moreover, when fixing to the surrounding surface 10, you may sew and fix the edge of the both ends 5 and 6 of the folded back of the cushion cover 2 slightly overlapping.

  Further, since the cushion cover 2 is fixed to the surface of the cylindrical cushion in a state of being largely expanded as compared with the opening of the cylindrical cushion 3, it is fixed so as to be pressed at the periphery of the opening portion. For this reason, at the time of wearing, it becomes easy to insert the tip of the foot into the opening of the cushion cover 2 in a widened state, and the labor at the time of wearing can be reduced.

  In order to wear the pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to this embodiment, the foot tip 101 is inserted into the proximal opening 7a of the cushion cover 2 fixed integrally with the cylindrical cushion 3, and the lower limb is inserted into the lumen of the cushion cover. To do. At this time, the tightening portion 4 of the cushion cover 2 is positioned on the user's ankle 103 or the like to fix the approximate position. As described above, the tightening portion 4 has a relatively strong stretching force and has a certain amount of tightening force. Therefore, the tightening portion 4 is disposed on the ankle 103, which is a thin portion of the lower limb 100, so that the integrated cylindrical cushion 3 can be displaced. It is hard to wake up and is installed. Moreover, the anti-edema effect to a calf can be adjusted by making the change of the elasticity from the tightening part 4 to the proximal side edge part 6 via a calf part incrementally.

  After the arrangement as described above, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hook-and-loop fastener 12, which is a fixing portion between the cushion cover 2 and the cylindrical cushion 3, is temporarily removed and the cushion cover 2 is fixed by hand or the like. In this state, the position of the cylindrical cushion 3 can be finely adjusted with respect to the heel, ankle, and lower leg.

  According to the pressure ulcer prevention supporter 1 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the heel portion is arranged in a state of being lifted from the floor surface 102a in the supine state, thereby preventing pressure ulcers in the heel portion. it can. Further, even when the person is in a lying position due to turning over or the like, since the part of the heel 108 is lifted from the floor surface, the pressure ulcer on the part of the heel 108 can also be prevented. At the same time, the pressure ulcer prevention supporter covers the inner and outer upper and lower surfaces of the lower leg with appropriate pressure, so local overpressure is unlikely to occur, and the lower limb load below the knee will be received by pressure distribution in the calf part, A pressure ulcer prevention effect is achieved. Further, the radial head 106 also floats in the lateral position, avoiding the compression of the radial nerve 107 and preventing the radial nerve paralysis.

  As described above, according to the pressure ulcer prevention supporter 1 according to the present embodiment, it is easy to wear. For example, in nursing treatment performed in a hospital or the like, the time required for wearing can be effectively reduced. Pressure ulcers can be prevented.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 7: is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the pressure ulcer prevention supporter concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Since the pressure ulcer prevention supporter 1a according to the present embodiment has a configuration that is common to the pressure ulcer prevention supporter 1 according to the first embodiment, the following description will focus on the difference in configuration.

  The pressure ulcer prevention supporter 1 according to the first embodiment is mounted in a state in which the portion of the heel 102 is exposed from the cylindrical cushion 3 and is held in a state in which the heel 102 is lifted. It is preferably used when it is in a trend state. On the other hand, the cylindrical cushion 23 according to the present embodiment is mounted in a state in which the heel 102 is housed in the cushion 23 so that the knee joint flexion contracture can be accommodated so that the heel does not directly contact the floor surface. It is a thing.

  For this reason, the cylindrical cushion 23 is configured so that the shape of the lumen 29 matches the shape of the heel and the heel. Specifically, a recess 24 for storing the collar 102 is provided in the vicinity of the distal opening 29a of the lumen 29.

  The cylindrical cushion 23 according to this embodiment is attached so that the attachment position with the cushion cover 2 is slightly shifted downward and the heel 102 at the distal portion of the ankle is disposed in the recess of the cylindrical cushion 23. With this configuration, a cushion can be disposed on the heel 102 to prevent pressure sores, and even when the knee joint is in a slightly bent position, the crus 104 is supported and the heel 102 is supported. It can be dispersed without intensively applying pressure to prevent pressure ulcers. In addition, it is also possible to make it the shape which does not apply a pressure directly to the bottom part of the collar 102 by making the recessed part 24 slightly deep.

  Further, both end portions 5 and 6 of the cushion cover 2 located outside the cylindrical cushion 23 are arranged so that both ends are overlapped by being folded back to the outer surface side of the cylindrical cushion and fixed to the cylindrical cushion. May be. Further, the side end portions 5 and 6 are connected to each other by a hook-and-loop fastener 12 provided so that the cushion cover 2 is not displaced from the cylindrical cushion 23. The means for fixing the side end portions 5 and 6 is not limited to the hook-and-loop fastener 12, and both may be sewn directly, or known means such as buttons and hooks can be used. is there.

  As described above, according to the pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to each embodiment of the present invention, when worn, the part beyond the calf is reliably raised, venous perfusion is promoted, and an edema prevention effect is expected. Also, the user can freely attach and detach from the lower limbs, and the lumen of the cylindrical cushion is covered with a cushion cover so that it does not come into direct contact with the user, so that it is not soiled and there is no problem in hygiene management.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can implement in another various aspect.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1a Pressure ulcer prevention supporter 2 Cushion cover 3,23 Cylindrical cushion 4 Tightening part 5 Distal end part 6 Proximal end part 7a, 7b Opening 8, 23b Main body part 9, 29, 32 Lumen 9a, 9b Opening DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Peripheral surface 10s Side surface 11 Space | gap 12 Surface fastener 24 Recessed part 100 Lower limb 101 Foot tip 102 踵 102a Floor surface 103 Ankle 104 Lower leg 105 Thigh 106 Radial head 107 Radial nerve 108 踝 L1 Ankle length length L2 Length dimension L3 Proximal end length dimension L4 Cylindrical cushion length dimension R1 Cylindrical cushion outer dimension R2 Distal opening R3 Proximal opening B Thickness dimension

Claims (6)

A cylindrical pressure ulcer prevention supporter that is worn so as to be extrapolated to the user's lower limb,
A cylindrical cushion that is configured in a cylindrical shape that is open at both ends, and that can be worn on the lower leg so as to cover the ankle from the toe of the user;
A tightening portion configured to have elastic properties for tightening in the radial direction at an intermediate portion, and located at both ends of the tightening portion, and provided with a larger diameter than the tightening portion, or in the radial direction An elastic cylindrical cushion cover having both side ends that are weakly configured, and the cushion cover is disposed in a lumen of the cylindrical cushion, and the both side ends are the cylindrical cushion A pressure ulcer prevention supporter characterized in that it is fixed to the surface of the cylindrical cushion through the opening and fixed to the cylindrical cushion.   The pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to claim 1, wherein the cushion cover is fixed to an outer surface of the cylindrical cushion.   The pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a lower leg portion of the cylindrical cushion has a thickness of an inner and outer diameter difference larger than a difference in height between the back surface of the user's heel and the back surface of the ankle.   The lumen of the cylindrical cushion is configured such that an ankle portion in a state of being extrapolated to a user's lower limb is smaller in diameter than a lumen diameter located in a lower leg portion. The pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to any one of 1 to 3.   The pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cylindrical cushion is configured to have such a length that a proximal end thereof does not reach the radius head when worn.   The pressure ulcer prevention supporter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cylindrical cushion is configured using a heat insulating material.

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