JP5551319B2 - Cutting insert, cutting tool - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting insert and a cutting tool.

  Conventionally, cutting tools, such as a face mill and a cutting tool provided with a cutting insert, are known (patent documents 1 and 2). For this cutting tool, in order to prevent the damage that occurs in the cutting insert due to contact with the work material during cutting from concentrating on one place, the cutting force received from the work material during cutting is used to make a disc-shaped cutting insert. There is known a technique for rotating the lens (Patent Documents 3 and 4). Moreover, the technique of obtaining power from drive mechanisms, such as a motor, and rotating a cutting insert is known (patent documents 5, 6).

JP 56-163817 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 04-122406 US2011 / 0013996 JP 07-185903 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-091405 Special table 2007-504011

  However, in order to rotate the cutting insert using the cutting resistance, there is a problem in that certain restrictions are imposed on cutting conditions such as a cutting speed, a feed speed, and a cutting depth. Further, when power is obtained from a drive mechanism such as a motor, there is a problem that the configuration of the cutting tool or the entire processing machine is complicated or enlarged. Thus, in order to improve the durability of the cutting insert, there is still room for improvement with respect to the technique for rotating the cutting insert during cutting.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for easily rotating a cutting insert that is rotatably attached to a cutting tool body during cutting.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention can be realized as the following aspects or application examples.

[Application Example 1]
A disc-shaped cutting insert that is rotatably attached to a cutting tool body,
The cutting insert provided with the rotational force generation | occurrence | production part which obtains the rotational force for rotating the said cutting insert from the fluid supplied from the outside of the said cutting insert.

  According to this configuration, since the cutting insert includes the rotational force generating portion for obtaining the rotational force from the fluid supplied from the outside of the cutting insert, the cutting insert can be easily performed by the fluid supplied from the outside of the cutting insert during cutting. Can rotate.

[Application Example 2]
The cutting insert described in Application Example 1 further includes
A pair of main surfaces each having a circular shape;
A through-hole formed through each central portion of the pair of main surfaces,
The rotational force generating portion includes a plurality of flow path portions formed so that a proximal end side is connected to the through hole and a distal end side is directed to an outer peripheral portion of the cutting insert,
The cutting insert obtains the rotational force by causing the fluid supplied from the cutting tool main body to flow from the proximal end side toward the distal end side.

  According to this configuration, the cutting insert is supplied from the cutting tool main body because the proximal end side is connected to the through hole and the distal end side is provided with a plurality of flow path portions formed so as to face the outer peripheral portion of the cutting insert. It is possible to easily rotate the fluid flowing through the flow path portion.

[Application Example 3]
In the cutting insert described in Application Example 2,
The pair of main surfaces are a seating surface that faces the cutting tool body when attached to the cutting tool, and a rake surface formed on the opposite side of the seating surface,
The flow path part is a cutting insert which is a groove part formed in the rake face.

  According to this configuration, since the cutting insert has a plurality of grooves formed on the rake face, the fluid supplied from the cutting tool body can be easily rotated by flowing through the grooves.

[Application Example 4]
In the cutting insert described in Application Example 3,
Each said groove part is a cutting insert which is curving in the same direction toward the said front end side from the said base end side.

  According to this configuration, since the plurality of groove portions are curved in the same direction from the base end side toward the tip end side, the cutting insert can be easily performed by the fluid supplied from the cutting tool body flowing through the groove portions. Can be rotated.

[Application Example 5]
In the cutting insert according to Application Example 3 or Application Example 4,
Each said groove part is a cutting insert in which the depth of a groove becomes shallow toward the said front end side from the said base end side.

  According to this configuration, since the depth of each of the plurality of groove portions becomes shallower from the proximal end side toward the distal end side, the movement of the cutting insert in the axial direction can be suppressed. Further, the outer peripheral portion of the rake face can be easily configured as a cutting blade.

[Application Example 6]
A cutting tool,
The cutting insert according to any one of Application Example 2 to Application Example 5,
A cutting tool body comprising a seat surface portion facing one of the main surfaces of the cutting insert;
A cover member attached to the cutting tool main body so as to cover a part of the other main surface of the cutting insert, the cover member including a facing surface facing the other main surface,
The space | interval from the said opposing surface to the said seat surface part is a cutting tool larger than the thickness of the said cutting insert.

  According to this configuration, the cutting tool is configured such that the distance from the seating surface portion to the facing surface of the covering member is larger than the thickness of the cutting insert. Therefore, the cutting tool is cut by the fluid supplied from the cutting tool body during cutting. The insert can be easily rotated.

[Application Example 7]
In the cutting tool described in Application Example 6,
The cutting tool body includes a columnar shaft portion that is inserted into the through hole of the cutting insert and rotatably supports the cutting insert,
The shaft portion includes a discharge port for discharging the fluid at a tip portion facing the facing surface of the covering member,
A cutting tool in which a distance from the facing surface to the tip portion is larger than a distance from the facing surface to the other main surface.

  According to this configuration, the cutting tool is configured such that the distance from the facing surface of the covering member to the tip of the shaft portion is larger than the distance from the facing surface to the main surface of the cutting insert. Most of the discharged fluid can be circulated mainly in the flow path portion of the cutting insert.

[Application Example 8]
In the cutting tool described in Application Example 7,
The said covering member is a cutting tool provided with the projection part in the position facing the said discharge outlet of the said opposing surface.

  According to this structure, since the cutting tool is provided with the protrusion on the facing surface of the cover member, the pressure drop of the fluid discharged from the discharge port can be suppressed and distributed to the flow path portion of the cutting insert.

[Application Example 9]
In the cutting tool described in Application Example 6,
The cutting tool body includes a columnar shaft portion that is inserted into the through hole of the cutting insert and rotatably supports the cutting insert,
The shaft portion includes a discharge port for discharging the fluid at a tip portion facing the facing surface of the covering member,
The opposed surface includes a first region facing the tip of the shaft portion, and a stepped portion is formed between the first region and a second region that is a region other than the first region. A cutting tool in which a distance from the second region to the plane including the seat surface portion is larger than a distance from the first region to the plane including the seat surface portion.

  According to this configuration, since the gap between the covering member and the flow path portion of the cutting insert is widened, the cutting tool strongly pushes the cutting insert to the cutting tool body even when the pressure of the fluid discharged from the discharge port increases. An increase in pressing force can be suppressed. Thereby, a cutting insert can be rotated more easily.

[Application Example 10]
In the cutting tool described in Application Example 6,
The cutting tool body includes a columnar shaft portion that is inserted into the through hole of the cutting insert and rotatably supports the cutting insert,
The shaft part includes a discharge port for discharging the fluid, and a tip part is in contact with the facing surface of the covering member.

  According to this configuration, the cutting tool can support the covering member by the shaft portion because the tip portion of the shaft portion is in contact with the facing surface of the covering member.

[Application Example 11]
In the cutting tool described in Application Example 10,
The discharge port is a cutting tool formed on a side surface portion of the shaft portion at a position that can face the flow path portion when the cutting insert rotates.

  According to this configuration, the cutting tool has the discharge port formed at a position that can face the flow channel when the cutting insert rotates, so that the fluid discharged from the discharge port can easily flow through the flow channel of the cutting insert. Can be distributed to the department.

It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the whole structure of the face mill based on 1st Example. It is explanatory drawing which illustrated the front end side of the front milling machine concerning the 1st example. It is explanatory drawing which illustrated the side surface side of the front milling machine which concerns on 1st Example. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the whole structure of a milling body. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the whole structure of the cutting insert. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state which mounted the cutting insert in the milling main body. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cross-sectional structure of a face mill. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the positional relationship of a cutting insert and a shaft member, and a covering member. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state which distribute | circulated the fluid to the flow-path groove | channel of the cutting insert. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the damage state of the cutting insert which concerns on a prior art example. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the whole structure of the byte which concerns on 2nd Example. It is explanatory drawing which illustrated the side surface side of the byte | cutting_tool which concerns on 2nd Example. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cross-sectional structure of a cutting tool. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the front milling which concerns on 3rd Example. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the whole structure of the face mill main body which concerns on 4th Example. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state which mounted the cutting insert in the milling main body. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state which distribute | circulated the fluid to the flow-path groove | channel of the cutting insert. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the whole structure of the face mill main body which concerns on 5th Example. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state which mounted the cutting insert in the milling main body. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state which distribute | circulated the fluid to the flow-path groove | channel of the cutting insert. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the front milling which concerns on 6th Example. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the front milling which concerns on 7th Example. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the structure of the covering member which concerns on 7th Example. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state which distribute | circulated the liquid between the shaft member and the cover member. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cutting insert which concerns on the modification 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cutting insert which concerns on the modification 2. As shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cutting insert which concerns on the modification 3. FIG.

A. First embodiment:
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the overall configuration of a face mill according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view illustrating the front end side of the face mill according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view illustrating the side surface side of the face mill according to the first embodiment. The front milling cutter 11 is a cutting tool that is used with the base end side (upper right side in FIG. 1) attached to the spindle of the milling machine and the front end side (lower left side in FIG. 1) in contact with the work material. The face mill 11 includes a milling body 100, a cutting insert 200, and a covering member 300.

  The milling body 100 is a cutter body having a substantially cylindrical outer shape, and includes an opening 110 penetrating the proximal end side and the distal end side. An attachment surface 120 and an end surface keyway 125 are formed on the proximal end side of the milling body 100. The opening 110 and the end surface keyway 125 are used to engage a front milling arbor (holder). The milling body 100 is attached to the spindle of the milling machine through this front milling arbor. Further, the milling body 100 is supplied with a fluid such as coolant (cutting oil) from a milling machine via a front milling arbor. The supplied fluid is discharged to the outside of the milling body 100 through a discharge port described later provided in the milling body 100. The fluid supplied from the milling machine is not limited to a liquid, and may be a gas such as air or a mixture of a gas and a liquid. The detailed shape of the milling body 100 will be described later with reference to FIG.

  A plurality of pocket portions 130 for disposing the cutting insert 200 are formed on the side surface portion near the distal end side of the milling body 100. The milling body 100 of this embodiment includes four pocket portions 130 at equal intervals. Note that the number of pocket portions 130 can be set arbitrarily. A cutting insert 200 is attached to the pocket portion 130, and a covering member 300 is attached so as to cover the cutting insert 200.

  The cutting insert 200 is a chip having a disk-like outer shape, and is rotatably attached to the milling body 100. The cutting insert 200 is restricted from moving away from the milling body 100 by the covering member 300. The cutting insert 200 is configured to be attachable to and detachable from the milling body 100 by removing the covering member 300 from the milling body 100. The cutting insert 200 is made of a hard material such as cemented carbide, cermet, or ceramic. The detailed shape of the cutting insert 200 will be described later with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the cover member 300 has a long plate-like outer shape, and includes a fixed portion 310 that is a relatively thick portion and a cover portion that is a relatively thin flat plate portion. 320. The cover member 300 is attached to the milling body 100 by inserting an attachment screw 350 through a screw hole provided in the fixing portion 310. The cover member 300 is configured such that, when the cover member 300 is attached to the milling body 100, a cover part 320 extending from the fixed part 310 toward the cutting insert 200 covers a part of the cutting insert 200.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the overall configuration of the milling body. FIG. 4A is a perspective view of the milling body. FIG. 4B is a side view of the milling body. The pocket portion 130 of the milling body 100 includes a seat surface portion 131 for placing the cutting insert 200 and an attachment portion 132 for attaching the cover member 300. The seat surface portion 131 is a substantially circular flat surface, and the shaft member 400 is attached near the center. The shaft member 400 is a hollow cylindrical member for rotatably supporting the cutting insert 200, and a discharge port 415 is formed near the center of the flat upper end portion 410. A lower end portion of the shaft member 400 is inserted into an opening provided in the seat surface portion 131. The milling body 100 is configured to discharge fluid such as coolant supplied from the milling machine from the discharge port 415.

  The attachment portion 132 is a flat surface configured to be different from the seat surface portion 131, and a screw hole 133 is formed near the center. The attachment portion 132 is an area for fixing the covering member 300, the fixing portion 310 of the covering member 300 is disposed, and the attachment screw 350 is screwed into the screw hole 133.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the overall configuration of the cutting insert. FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the cutting insert. FIG. 5B is a plan view of the cutting insert. FIG.5 (c) is BB sectional drawing of FIG.5 (b). The cutting insert 200 has a disk-like outer shape, and includes a rake face 210, a seating face 220, a through hole 230, a flank face 240, and a flow channel groove 250.

  The rake face 210 is one (upper side) face of a pair of main faces provided in the disc-shaped cutting insert 200 and has a circular outer shape. A cutting edge 215 is formed on the outer periphery of the rake face 210. The seating surface 220 is the other (lower side) main surface of the cutting insert 200, and has a circular outer shape in the same manner as the rake surface 210. The cutting insert 200 is configured such that the diameter of the rake face 210 is larger than the diameter of the seating face 220. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5C, the cutting insert 200 has a trapezoidal cross section in which the cutting edge 215 has an acute angle. The through-hole 230 is formed so as to penetrate the centers of the rake face 210 and the seating face 220 and has a circular opening cross section. The axis of the through hole 230 is configured to coincide with the axis of the cutting insert 200. The through hole 230 is configured such that the opening diameter on the rake face 210 side and the opening diameter on the seating face 220 side are equal.

  The flow channel groove 250 is a groove having a U-shaped cross section for allowing the fluid discharged from the discharge port 415 (FIG. 4) to circulate, and a plurality of flow channel grooves 250 are formed on the rake face 210. The channel groove 250 has a base end portion 251 connected to the through hole 230 and a tip end portion 252 formed between the through hole 230 and the cutting blade 215. The channel groove 250 is formed so that the depth of the groove becomes shallower from the base end portion 251 toward the tip end portion 252. A plurality of (for example, five) channel grooves 250 are formed radially around the through hole 230. Each flow channel 250 has a shape curved in the same direction from the base end portion 251 toward the tip end portion 252. FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which five channel grooves 250 are curved in the right direction.

  Here, the flow path groove 250 being curved is a direction orthogonal to the axis of the cutting insert 200 and is directed from the center of the rake face 210 (axis of the cutting insert 200) to the outer peripheral portion (cutting edge 215). When the direction is the radial direction DI (FIG. 5B), the distal end portion 252 of the flow channel 250 is configured to be biased to either the left or right with respect to the proximal end portion 251 with reference to the radial direction DI. It means that That is, the flow channel 250 is curved when the both side groove end portions (the left groove end portion 253 and the right groove end portion 254) formed on both sides of the flow channel 250 are between the base end portion 251 and the tip end portion 252. It is not necessary to have a bow shape bent only in one direction, and a configuration in which two or more arcs are continuous may be provided. In the present embodiment, the left groove end portion 253 has a bow shape that is bent in the right direction. The right groove end 254 has a configuration in which two arcs are continuous.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which the cutting insert is mounted on the milling body. Fig.6 (a) is a perspective view of the milling body which mounts the cutting insert. FIG. 6B is a side view thereof. The cutting insert 200 is attached to the milling body 100 with the shaft member 400 inserted through the through hole 230. At this time, the seating surface 220 of the cutting insert 200 faces the seating surface portion 131 of the milling body 100.

  The milling body 100 is configured such that the height from the seat surface portion 131 to the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400 is smaller than the thickness of the cutting insert 200. Therefore, when the cutting insert 200 is attached to the milling body 100, the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400 is positioned below the rake face 210 of the cutting insert 200 as shown in FIG. A recess (concave portion) is formed on the top of the substrate. The channel groove 250 is configured such that the bottom surface of the base end portion 251 is aligned with the bottom surface (upper end portion 410) of the hollow portion.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a cross-sectional configuration of the face milling cutter. FIG. 7 shows an AA cross section of FIG. Fig.7 (a) is a perspective view of the front milling which showed the AA cross section. FIG. 7B is a side view thereof. The milling body 100 includes an internal flow path 140 through which a fluid such as coolant supplied from a milling machine flows. A lower end portion 420 of the shaft member 400 is connected to the internal flow path 140. The shaft member 400 includes a flow path hole 430 that penetrates the upper end portion 410 and the lower end portion 420. The shaft member 400 has a discharge port 415 formed at the upper end portion 410 and an inflow port 425 formed at the lower end portion 420 by the flow path hole 430. The channel hole 430 communicates with the internal channel 140 through the inflow port 425. Therefore, the fluid flowing through the internal flow path 140 is discharged from the discharge port 415 via the flow path hole 430.

  The upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400 is configured to face the cover portion 320 of the cover member 300. In other words, the covering member 300 is configured to cover the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400 and a part of the cutting insert 200. Details of the periphery of the shaft member 400 and the covering member 300 will be described later with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the cutting insert and the shaft member and the covering member. The covering member 300 includes a facing surface 321 on the surface of the covering portion 320 on the side facing the shaft member 400. The facing surface 321 of the present embodiment is configured by a flat surface. The face mill 11 is configured such that the distance D1 from the facing surface 321 to the seat surface 131 of the pocket portion 130 is larger than the thickness T2 of the cutting insert 200 (D1> T2). Therefore, the face mill 11 is configured such that when the seating surface 220 of the cutting insert 200 and the seating surface portion 131 of the milling body 100 are brought into contact with each other, the scooping surface 210 and the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300 are not in contact with each other. Yes.

  Further, the face mill 11 is configured such that a distance D3 from the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300 to the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400 is larger than a distance D4 from the facing surface 321 to the rake face 210 (D3> D4). Has been. Therefore, a space portion is formed between the facing surface 321 and the upper end portion 410. By this space portion, the fluid discharged from the discharge port 415 can move to the flow channel 250.

  Further, in the face mill 11, the distance D3 from the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300 to the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400 is larger than the distance D5 from the facing surface 321 to the proximal end portion 251 of the flow channel 250 (D3> D5). Thereby, the buoyancy generated in the cutting insert 200 when the fluid discharged from the discharge port 415 moves to the flow channel 250 can be suppressed.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which a fluid is circulated through the flow channel of the cutting insert. The fluid FL (FIG. 9, white arrow) supplied from the milling machine is discharged from the discharge port 415 via the flow path hole 430 of the shaft member 400. The fluid FL discharged from the discharge port 415 radially spreads and moves in the radial direction DI from the center of the rake face 210 toward the outer peripheral portion between the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300 and the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400. Then, it flows into the channel groove 250 from the base end portion 251.

  Since the channel groove 250 is curved in the right direction from the base end portion 251 toward the tip end portion 252, the fluid FL that has flowed into the channel groove 250 from the base end portion 251 moves in the radial direction DI to the left side. The groove end 253 is pressed and discharged from the tip end 252 to the outside of the channel groove 250. When the left groove end 253 is pressed by the fluid FL, a tangential direction component (rotational force) f1 of force acting by the fluid FL (lower arrow in FIG. 9, solid arrow) acts on the cutting insert 200. By this force f1, the cutting insert 200 rotates leftward. That is, the channel groove 250 is a part that generates a rotational force for rotating the cutting insert 200 when the fluid FL flows.

  Further, since the channel groove 250 is configured such that the depth of the groove becomes shallower from the base end portion 251 toward the tip end portion 252, the fluid FL moving in the radial direction DI through the channel groove 250 flows. While pressing the bottom surface portion 255 of the channel groove 250, the fluid is discharged from the tip end portion 252 to the outside of the channel groove 250. When the bottom surface portion 255 is pressed by the fluid FL, a force f2 in the direction from the rake face 210 to the seating face 220 is applied to the cutting insert 200 (upper figure in FIG. 9, broken line arrow). The cutting insert 200 is pressed against the seat surface portion 131 of the milling body 100 by this force f2, so that the cutting insert 200 moves away from and adheres to the seat surface portion 131 during cutting, that is, the axial direction of the cutting insert 200 (FIG. 9). The above movement can be suppressed.

  The flow channel groove 250 of the present embodiment corresponds to a “rotational force generation unit” and a “flow channel unit” in the claims. The shaft member 400 of this embodiment corresponds to the “shaft portion” in the claims. The upper end portion 410 of this embodiment corresponds to the “tip portion” in the claims.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a damaged state of the cutting insert according to the conventional example. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a cutting insert that rotates by friction (cutting resistance) with a work material generated during cutting is known. However, such a cutting insert has a problem that it does not rotate or the amount of rotation becomes small unless cutting conditions such as a cutting speed, a feed speed, and a cutting are set as predetermined. If the cutting insert does not rotate stably, as shown in FIG. 10, in the cutting edge, boundary wear (point A) occurs at the boundary portion between the area that contacts the work material and the area that does not contact, and the damage is concentrated. There was something to do.

  However, according to the cutting insert 200 of the present embodiment, the force f1 for rotating the cutting insert from the fluid can be obtained by circulating the fluid supplied from the milling body 100 through the flow channel 250, The cutting insert 200 can be easily rotated. By stably rotating the cutting insert 200 at the time of cutting, the region of the cutting blade 215 that contacts the work material can be changed. Thereby, the abrasion location of the cutting blade 215 can be disperse | distributed and the improvement of durability of the cutting insert 200 can be aimed at. In addition, since the number of replacements of the cutting tool can be reduced by improving the durability of the cutting insert 200, the operating rate of the processing machine can be improved.

  According to the face mill 11 of this embodiment, since the covering member 300 faces the discharge port 415, the fluid FL discharged from the discharge port 415 can be diffused in the radial direction DI of the rake face 210. That is, the flow direction of the fluid FL discharged from the discharge port 415 can be changed by the covering member 300. Further, since the covering member 300 is also opposed to a part of the flow path groove 250, the front milling cutter 11 suppresses the fluid FL flowing through the flow path groove 250 from flowing out of the flow path, thereby reducing the tip portion 252. It can be distributed in the direction.

  According to the face mill 11 of the present embodiment, the distance D1 (FIG. 8) from the seat surface portion 131 of the milling body 100 to the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300 is larger than the thickness T2 of the cutting insert 200 (D1> T2). Therefore, in cutting or the like, contact between the cutting insert 200 and the member 300 can be suppressed. Further, the fluid such as the coolant discharged from the discharge port 415 can be spread over the entire rake face 210. In addition, the cutting insert 200 can be pressed against the seat surface portion 131 by the fluid FL flowing between the rake face 210 and the facing face 321, and the lifting of the cutting insert 200 can be suppressed.

  According to the face mill 11 of the present embodiment, the distance D3 from the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300 to the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400 is larger than the distance D4 from the facing surface 321 to the rake face 210 (D3> D4). Thus, the fluid FL discharged from the discharge port can be easily circulated through the flow path portion of the cutting insert. That is, in the space between the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300 and the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400, the direction of the fluid discharged from the discharge port 415 can be changed to the radial direction DI. Can be easily distributed.

B. Second embodiment:
In the first embodiment, the front milling machine to which the cutting insert 200 is attached has been described. However, the cutting insert 200 can be applied to cutting tools other than the front milling machine. In the second embodiment, a cutting tool to which a cutting insert 200 is attached will be described.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the overall configuration of bytes according to the second embodiment. FIG. 12 is an explanatory view illustrating the side surface side of the cutting tool according to the second embodiment. The cutting tool 52 includes a cutting tool body 500, a cutting insert 200, and a covering member 600. The cutting tool body 500 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the cutting insert 200 and the covering member 600 are attached to the tip portion 510. The cutting tool body 500 is a cutting tool that is used by bringing the cutting insert 200 attached to the tip portion 510 into contact with the work material in a state where the side surface portion 540 is held by the processing machine.

  Since the structure of the cutting insert 200 is the same as that of the cutting insert of 1st Example, description is abbreviate | omitted. The cutting insert 200 is rotatably fixed to a pocket portion 530 provided in the cutting tool body 500. The configuration of the cover member 600 is the same as that of the cover member 300 of the first embodiment, and is configured such that the proximal end side is fixed to the bite body 500 by the mounting screw 650 and the distal end side covers a part of the upper portion of the cutting insert 200. Has been.

  FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a cross-sectional configuration of the cutting tool. FIG. 13 illustrates the CC cross section of FIG. The bite body 500 includes an internal flow path 540 through which a fluid such as a coolant supplied from the processing machine flows. A cylindrical shaft member 700 for rotatably supporting the cutting insert 200 is attached to the pocket portion 530 of the bite body 500. The shaft member 700 has the same configuration as the shaft member 400 of the first embodiment. That is, the lower end is connected to the downstream end of the internal flow path 540 and the fluid flowing through the internal flow path 540 is discharged from the discharge port 715. If comprised in this way, the cutting insert 200 of a present Example can be used also for cutting tools other than a face mill, such as a cutting tool and an end mill cutter.

C. Third embodiment:
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a face mill according to the third embodiment. The front milling cutter 11a of the third embodiment is different from the front milling cutter 11 of the first embodiment only in the shape of the facing surface 321a of the covering member 300a, and the other portions are the same as the front milling cutter 11 of the first embodiment. It has the same shape and configuration. The cover member 300 (FIG. 8) of the first embodiment has been described on the assumption that the facing surface 321 facing the shaft member 400 is flat, but the facing surface 321 a of the present embodiment is the upper end of the shaft member 400. A fluid diffusion part 330 is formed at a position facing the part 410.

  The fluid diffusion part 330 is a part for uniformly diffusing the fluid FL discharged from the discharge port 415 radially, and includes a protruding part 331 and a recessed part 332. The protrusion 331 has a mountain-shaped outer shape, and is configured such that the top portion faces the discharge port 415. The recess 332 is formed on the outer periphery of the protrusion 331 and is formed in an annular shape so as to surround the protrusion 331. (Bottom view of FIG. 14). The recessed portion 332 is a groove having an arch-shaped cross section, and has a curved shape in which the side surface of the groove is continuous with the side surface of the protruding portion 331. The cross section of the fluid diffusion portion 330 has a shape in which a protrusion 331 is disposed between two arches formed by the recess 332 (upper view in FIG. 14).

  In FIG. 14, the fluid diffusion part 330 is illustrated as a configuration in which the top part of the protrusion part 331 does not protrude from the facing surface 321, but the fluid diffusion part 330 has a top part of the protrusion part 331 that protrudes from the facing surface 321. It may be. In addition, the fluid diffusion part 330 may be located inside the through hole 230 of the cutting insert 200 with the top of the protrusion 331 protruding from the facing surface 321.

  As described above, in the face mill 11a of the third embodiment, the fluid diffusion portion 330 is formed on the facing surface 321a of the covering member 300a, so that the cutting insert 200 can be further easily rotated by the fluid FL. . Specifically, the fluid FL discharged from the discharge port 415 contacts the protrusion 331 and is diffused radially, and the flow direction can be changed along the arch shape of the recess 332. It is possible to reduce the pressure loss of the fluid FL that flows between the discharge port 415 and the tip portion 252 of the flow channel 250.

D. Fourth embodiment:
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the overall configuration of the face milling body according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 15 corresponds to FIG. 4 of the first embodiment. The front milling cutter 11b of the fourth embodiment is different from the front milling cutter 11 of the first embodiment only in the shape of the upper end portion 410b of the shaft member 400b, and the other portions are the same as the front milling cutter 11 of the first embodiment. It has the same shape and configuration. Although the shaft member 400 (FIG. 4) of the first embodiment has been described as having the upper end portion 410 formed by a flat surface, the shaft member 400b of the present embodiment has a groove portion 411b formed in the upper end portion 410b. ing. The groove portion 411b has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and both ends thereof are connected to the side surface portion 440b of the shaft member 400. A discharge port 415b is formed on the bottom surface near the center of the groove 411b.

  FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which the cutting insert is mounted on the milling body. FIG. 16 corresponds to FIG. 6 of the first embodiment. The shaft member 400 b is configured such that the height from the seat surface portion 131 to the upper end portion 410 b is larger than the thickness of the cutting insert 200. Therefore, when the shaft member 400 b is inserted through the through hole 230 of the cutting insert 200, the upper end portion 410 b of the shaft member 400 b protrudes from the rake face 210 of the cutting insert 200. The groove portion 411b of the upper end portion 410b is configured such that the bottom end portion 251 of the flow channel groove 250 and the bottom surface are substantially aligned.

  FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which a fluid is circulated through the flow channel of the cutting insert. Unlike the first embodiment, the upper end portion 410 b of the shaft member 400 b is in contact with the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300. Therefore, the cover 320 of the cover member 300 can be supported by the shaft member 400. The fluid FL (FIG. 17, white arrow) discharged from the discharge port 415b through the flow channel hole 430b flows through the flow channel formed by the groove portion 411b and the facing surface 321 and flows through the flow channel of the cutting insert 200. 250. In this embodiment, the groove portion 411b has five flow grooves 250 with respect to two openings. However, the groove portion 411b and the flow groove 250 are odd-numbered even numbers except for 1, or even-numbered odd numbers. It only has to be. In addition, the width | variety in the base end part 251 of the flow-path groove 250 is a width | variety substantially the same as the space | interval between each base end part 251 of the two adjacent flow-path grooves 250. FIG.

E. Example 5:
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the overall configuration of the face milling body according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 18 corresponds to FIG. 4 of the first embodiment. The front milling cutter 11c of the fifth embodiment differs from the front milling cutter 11 of the first embodiment only in the position of the discharge port 415c of the shaft member 400c, and the other portions are the same as the front milling cutter 11 of the first embodiment. It has the same shape and configuration. The shaft member 400 (FIG. 4) of the first embodiment has been described as having the discharge port 415 formed in the upper end portion 410, but the shaft member 400c of the present embodiment has the discharge port 415c formed in the side surface portion 440c. Has been. The discharge ports 415c are formed at two positions in the side surface portion 440c at positions opposite to each other.

  FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which the cutting insert is mounted on the milling body. FIG. 19 corresponds to FIG. 6 of the first embodiment. The shaft member 400 c is configured such that the height from the seat surface portion 131 to the upper end portion 410 c is larger than the thickness of the cutting insert 200. Therefore, the upper end portion 410 c of the shaft member 400 c protrudes from the rake face 210 of the cutting insert 200. The discharge port 415c is configured so that the height is substantially aligned with the base end portion 251 of the flow channel 250.

  FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which a fluid is circulated through the flow path groove of the cutting insert. The upper end portion 410 c of the shaft member 400 c is in contact with the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300. The shaft member 400 includes a T-shaped channel hole 430c, and the fluid FL supplied from the milling body 100 is branched in two directions and discharged from the discharge port 415c. Since the discharge port 415 c faces the flow channel 250, the fluid FL discharged from the discharge port 415 c flows directly into the flow channel 250. In this embodiment, when one discharge port 415c faces the flow channel groove 250, the other discharge port 415c does not face the flow channel groove 250 (the lower diagram in FIG. 20), but both discharge ports 415c. May be configured to face the flow channel 250 at the same time.

F. Example 6:
FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a face mill according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 21 corresponds to the upper diagram of FIG. 9 of the first embodiment. The front milling machine 11 of the first embodiment has been described as a configuration in which the fluid FL is supplied from the milling body 100 to the cutting insert 200 via the shaft member 400, but the front milling machine 11 is configured to mill the milling machine via a member other than the shaft member 400. The configuration may be such that the fluid FL is supplied from the main body 100 to the cutting insert 200. In the sixth embodiment, a configuration in which the fluid FL is supplied from the milling body 100 to the cutting insert 200 via the covering member 300d will be described.

  The front milling cutter 11d of the sixth embodiment is different from the front milling cutter 11 of the first embodiment in the shape of the internal channel (not shown) of the cover member 300d, the shaft member 400d, and the milling body 100d, and the other parts. Is provided with the same shape and configuration as the face mill 11 of the first embodiment. The covering member 300d includes an internal flow path 340 for circulating the fluid FL therein. The internal flow path 340 has one end connected to the internal flow path of the milling body 100d and the other end connected to a discharge port 345 provided at a position facing the shaft member 400d of the facing surface 321. . The shaft member 400d of the sixth embodiment does not include a discharge port and a flow path hole. A circular flat surface is formed on the upper end portion 410d of the shaft member 400d.

  The fluid FL (FIG. 21, white arrow) supplied from the milling machine is discharged from the discharge port 345 via the internal flow path 340. The fluid FL discharged from the discharge port 345 contacts the upper end portion 410d of the shaft member 400d, moves radially and moves, and flows into the flow channel 250. In addition, although the shaft member 400d of the present embodiment has been described as not including a flow path hole or a discharge port, the shaft member 400d may include a flow path hole or a discharge port as in the first embodiment. In this case, the face mill 11d can supply the fluid FL from both the shaft member 400 and the covering member 300. Moreover, the structure illustrated in the present embodiment can be applied to a cutting tool such as a cutting tool in addition to a face mill.

G. Seventh embodiment:
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a face mill according to the seventh embodiment. FIG. 22 corresponds to FIG. 7B of the first embodiment. The front milling cutter 11h of the seventh embodiment is different from the front milling cutter 11 of the first embodiment only in the shape of the facing surface 321h of the covering member 300h, and other parts are the same as the front milling cutter 11 of the first embodiment. It has the same shape and configuration.

  FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the configuration of the covering member according to the seventh embodiment. FIG. 23 corresponds to FIG. 8 of the first embodiment. The facing surface 321h of the covering member 300h of the present embodiment includes a shaft facing region (hereinafter also referred to as “first region”) 321hf that is a region facing the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400, and a first region 321hf. 2 regions including the outer peripheral region (hereinafter also referred to as “second region”) 321hp. The first region 321 hf is a flat surface that faces at least a part of the outer periphery of the discharge port 415 and the discharge port 415 in the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400. The first region 321 hf has a circular shape corresponding to the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400. The second region 321hp is a flat surface formed on the outer periphery of the first region 321hf. A step portion 350 is formed between the first region 321hf and the second region 321hp. The step portion 350 is formed in an annular shape so as to surround the first region 321hf. By the step portion 350, the first region 321hf protrudes downward (downward in FIG. 23) from the second region 321hp. In other words, the second region 321hp recedes upward (upward in FIG. 23) from the first region 321hf. That is, when a plane including the seating surface portion 131 of the pocket portion 130 is a plane Pv, the interval D6 from the second region 321hp to the plane Pv is larger than the interval D7 from the first region 321hf to the plane Pv (D6> D7).

  FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which a liquid is circulated between the shaft member and the covering member. FIG. 24 corresponds to FIG. 9 of the first embodiment. The front milling cutter 11h according to the present embodiment is configured such that the second region 321hp retreats with respect to the first region 321hf on the facing surface 321h of the covering member 300h, so that the cutting insert is performed by the fluid FL discharged from the discharge port 415. 200 can be rotated more easily. In FIG. 9 of the first embodiment, when the distance between the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300 and the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400 increases, the flow rate and flow rate of the fluid FL flowing through the flow channel groove 250 decrease. The rotational force for rotating the cutting insert 200 is reduced. On the other hand, when the distance between the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300 and the rake face 210 (and the flow channel 250) of the cutting insert 200 is reduced, the facing surface 321 of the covering member 300 and the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400 The pressure of the fluid FL in the space portion between becomes higher. When the pressure in the space above the cutting insert 200 increases, the frictional resistance between the cutting insert 200 and the seat surface portion 131 increases due to the force f <b> 2 that pushes down the cutting insert 200.

  According to the cover member 300h of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 24, the gap between the first region 321hf of the facing surface 321h and the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400 is reduced, and the flow channel 250 is circulated. The flow rate and flow rate of the fluid FL can be suppressed. Further, the gap between the second region 321hp of the facing surface 321h and the rake face 210 is increased to increase the pressure of the fluid FL in the space between the facing surface 321h and the upper end portion 410 of the shaft member 400. Can be suppressed. Thereby, the cutting insert 200 can be rotated more easily. In the present embodiment, the first region 321hf of the facing surface 321h is located above the rake surface 210 of the cutting insert 200 (upward in FIG. 23), but the first region 321hf is raked. It may be located below the surface 210 (downward in FIG. 23).

H. Variations:
The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples and embodiments, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist thereof. For example, the following modifications are possible.

H-1. Modification 1:
FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a cutting insert according to the first modification. FIG. 25A is a plan view of the cutting insert. FIG. 25B is a cross-sectional view of the cutting insert. In the cutting inserts 200 of the first to seventh embodiments, the five flow grooves 250 are formed on the rake face 210, but the number of the flow grooves 250 is not limited to five and can be any number. . For example, as shown in FIG. 25, the cutting insert 200 e may include four flow channel grooves 250 on the rake face 210. However, when the shaft member 400b, 400c shown in FIGS. 17 and 20 is used for a shaft member in which the path of the fluid FL moving from the shaft member 400b, 400c to the flow channel groove 250 is limited, the flow path The number of grooves 250 is preferably an odd number excluding one. This is because when the fluid discharged from the discharge port 415 flows into the flow channel groove 250, a state in which the rotation of the flow channel groove 250 is hindered by the negative pressure generated in the flow channel groove 250 can be suppressed. Further, in order to give a stable rotational force to the cutting insert, it is preferable to provide two or more plural flow channel grooves 250 at equal intervals.

H-2. Modification 2:
FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the cutting insert according to the second modification. FIG. 26A is a plan view of the cutting insert. FIG. 26B is a cross-sectional view of the cutting insert. The cutting insert 200 of the first to seventh embodiments includes a flow channel 250 on the rake face 210, but includes a flow channel that can obtain a force f1 (FIG. 9) for rotating the cutting insert 200 from the fluid FL. If so, the cutting insert 200 may not include the flow channel 250. For example, as shown in FIG. 26, the cutting insert 200 f may include an internal flow path 260 f instead of the flow path groove 250. The internal flow path 260f is configured to connect the inlet 261f provided in the through hole 230f and the discharge port 262f provided in the flank 240. Each internal flow path 260f has a shape curved in the same direction from the inflow port 261f toward the discharge port 262f. Even in this case, the cutting insert 200f can be rotated by circulating the fluid FL through the internal flow path 260f. In order to suppress the floating of the cutting insert 200, the internal flow path 260f is preferably formed so that the flow path is directed to the rake face 210 from the inflow port 261f to the discharge port 262f. At this time, it is preferable that the internal flow path 260f be within a range that does not affect the cutting edge 215.

H-3. Modification 3:
FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a cutting insert according to Modification 3. FIG. 27A is a perspective view of the cutting insert. FIG. 27B is a plan view of the cutting insert. FIG.27 (c) is DD sectional drawing of FIG.27 (b). In the cutting inserts 200 of the first to seventh embodiments, the opening diameter on the rake face 210 side of the through hole 230 and the opening diameter on the seating face 220 side have been described as being equal, but the opening diameter on the rake face 210 side is the seating face. It is good also as a structure provided with the level | step-difference part 270 so that it may become larger than the opening diameter by 220 side. The stepped portion 270 is configured to have the same height as the upper end portion 410 when the shaft member 400 is inserted through the through hole 230. Thus, when the shaft member 400b, 400c shown in FIG. 17 or FIG. 20 is used for a shaft member in which the path of the fluid FL moving from the shaft member 400b, 400c to the flow channel 250 is limited, it is manufactured. It is possible to suppress a decrease in rotational stability of the cutting insert 200 caused by an upper shift and the like, and the fluid FL discharged from the discharge port 415 can be easily circulated through the flow channel 250.

H-4. Modification 4:
Although the flow channel 250 of the first to seventh embodiments and the internal flow channel 260f of the second modification have been described as having a curved shape, if the cutting insert 200 can be rotated, these The flow path may not be curved. Even when these flow paths are configured in a straight line, in order to give a stable rotational force to the cutting insert, the direction from the center of the rake face 210 toward the outer peripheral portion is the radial direction DI (FIG. 5 ( It is preferable to configure so as to be inclined with respect to b)). Further, it is not necessary for each of the flow channel grooves 250 of the first to seventh embodiments and each of the internal flow channels 260f of Modification 2 to have the same shape, and the vector of the reaction force f1 received from the fluid FL is the same swirl. As long as it is a direction, each may have a different shape.

H-5. Modification 5:
In the first to seventh embodiments and the first to fourth modifications, the cutting insert 200 has been described as including a flow channel such as a flow channel 250 and an internal flow channel 260f for allowing fluid to flow. If it is a structure which can rotate itself with a fluid, it does not necessarily need to be provided with the flow path. For example, the cutting insert 200 may be configured to rotate by receiving a fluid discharged from the outside of the cutting insert 200 by a fluid receiving portion provided on the flank 240 like a water wheel. Here, the fluid receiving portion is a portion having a shape capable of obtaining a force (rotational force) from the fluid when it comes into contact with the fluid flowing in the tangential direction of the cutting insert 200, for example, The structure corresponding to the backing plate of a watermill. In the case of this configuration, the fluid is not limited to the configuration that is discharged from the milling body 100, and may be a configuration that is discharged toward the cutting insert 200 from a device other than the milling body 100.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11, 11a-d ... Front milling 52 ... Bit 100, 100d ... Milling main body 110 ... Through-hole 120 ... Mounting surface 125 ... End surface keyway 130 ... Pocket part 131 ... Seating surface part 132 ... Mounting part 133 ... Screw hole 140 ... Internal flow Path 200, 200e-g ... Cutting insert 210 ... Rake face 215 ... Cutting edge 220 ... Sitting face 230, 230f ... Through hole 240 ... Flank 250 ... Channel groove 251 ... Base end 252 ... Tip end 253 ... Left groove end 254: Right groove end portion 255 ... Bottom surface portion 260f ... Internal flow path 261f ... Inlet port 262f ... Discharge port 270 ... Stepped portion 300, 300a, d ... Cover member 310 ... Fixed portion 320 ... Cover portion 321, 321a ... Opposing surface 321hf ... First region (shaft facing region)
321hp ... 2nd area | region (outer periphery area)
330 ... Fluid diffusion part 331 ... Projection part 332 ... Depression part 340 ... Internal flow path 345 ... Discharge port 350 ... Step part 400, 400b-d ... Shaft member 410, 410b-d ... Upper end part 411b ... Groove part 415, 415b, c ... Discharge port 420 ... Lower end part 425 ... Inlet 430,430c ... Flow path hole 440b, 440c ... Side part 500 ... Bite body 510 ... Front end part 520 ... Base end part 530 ... Pocket part 540 ... Internal flow path 600 ... Cover member 700 ... Shaft member 715 ... Discharge port

Claims (10)

A disc-shaped cutting insert that is rotatably attached to a cutting tool body,
A pair of main surfaces each having a circular shape;
A through-hole formed through each central portion of the pair of main surfaces;
A rotational force generating unit for obtaining a rotational force for rotating the cutting insert from a fluid supplied from the outside of the cutting insert ,
The rotational force generating portion includes a plurality of flow path portions formed so that a proximal end side is connected to the through hole and a distal end side is directed to an outer peripheral portion of the cutting insert,
The cutting insert obtains the rotational force by causing the fluid supplied from the cutting tool main body to flow from the proximal end side toward the distal end side . The cutting insert according to claim 1 ,
The pair of main surfaces are a seating surface that faces the cutting tool body when attached to the cutting tool, and a rake surface formed on the opposite side of the seating surface,
The flow path part is a cutting insert which is a groove part formed in the rake face. The cutting insert according to claim 2 ,
Each said groove part is a cutting insert which is curving in the same direction toward the said front end side from the said base end side. In the cutting insert according to claim 2 or claim 3 ,
Each said groove part is a cutting insert in which the depth of a groove becomes shallow toward the said front end side from the said base end side. A cutting tool,
The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A cutting tool body comprising a seat surface portion facing one of the main surfaces of the cutting insert;
A cover member attached to the cutting tool main body so as to cover a part of the other main surface of the cutting insert, the cover member including a facing surface facing the other main surface,
The space | interval from the said opposing surface to the said seat surface part is a cutting tool larger than the thickness of the said cutting insert. The cutting tool according to claim 5 , wherein
The cutting tool body includes a columnar shaft portion that is inserted into the through hole of the cutting insert and rotatably supports the cutting insert,
The shaft portion includes a discharge port for discharging the fluid at a tip portion facing the facing surface of the covering member,
A cutting tool in which a distance from the facing surface to the tip portion is larger than a distance from the facing surface to the other main surface. The cutting tool according to claim 6 , wherein
The said covering member is a cutting tool provided with the projection part in the position facing the said discharge outlet of the said opposing surface. The cutting tool according to claim 5 , wherein
The cutting tool body includes a columnar shaft portion that is inserted into the through hole of the cutting insert and rotatably supports the cutting insert,
The shaft portion includes a discharge port for discharging the fluid at a tip portion facing the facing surface of the covering member,
The opposed surface includes a first region facing the tip of the shaft portion, and a stepped portion is formed between the first region and a second region that is a region other than the first region. A cutting tool in which a distance from the second region to the plane including the seat surface portion is larger than a distance from the first region to the plane including the seat surface portion. The cutting tool according to claim 5 , wherein
The cutting tool body includes a columnar shaft portion that is inserted into the through hole of the cutting insert and rotatably supports the cutting insert,
The shaft part includes a discharge port for discharging the fluid, and a tip part is in contact with the facing surface of the covering member. The cutting tool according to claim 9 , wherein
The discharge port is a cutting tool formed on a side surface portion of the shaft portion at a position that can face the flow path portion when the cutting insert rotates.

Images