JP5547681B2 - Retardation plate, polarizing plate having the same, 3D display device, and 3D display system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a patterned retardation plate useful for a 3D display device and the like, and a polarizing plate, a 3D display device and a 3D display system using the same.

  A 3D image display device that displays a stereoscopic image requires an optical member for making the right-eye image and the left-eye image into circularly polarized images in opposite directions, for example. For example, for such an optical member, a patterned retardation plate in which regions having different slow axes and retardations are regularly arranged in a plane is used, and a manufacturing method thereof has also been proposed (for example, a patent). Literatures 1-3). By the way, in a 3D display device having a patterned phase difference plate, it is common for an observer to observe a screen by wearing polarized glasses. When an observer wearing glasses sees, it is required to reduce changes in luminance, color, and crosstalk due to face inclination (glasses rotation). However, in the 3D display device in which the patterning phase difference plate is arranged, the color change at the time of white display becomes remarkable due to the inclination of the face of the observer.

JP 2004-302409 A JP 2007-163722 A WO2010 / 090429 A2 Publication

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is a retardation plate useful for a 3D display device, which contributes to a reduction in tint change during white display caused by inclination of an observer's face. It is an issue to provide.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a 3D display device and a 3D display system using a patterning phase difference plate, in which a color change during white display caused by the inclination of the face of the observer is reduced.

Means for solving the above problems are as follows.
[1] A retardation plate including patterning retardation regions in which retardation regions A and B are alternately arranged, wherein the retardation regions A and B have in-plane slow axes in mutually different directions, or , A retardation region having different in-plane retardation,
Thickness direction retardation Rth (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the retardation region A satisfies Rth (550) <25 nm, and Rth (550) of the retardation region B satisfies 25 nm ≦ Rth (550). Phase difference plate.
[2] The retardation plate of [1], wherein the in-plane retardation Re of at least one of the retardation regions A and B exhibits forward wavelength dispersion or flat wavelength dispersion in the visible light region.
[3] The retardation plate of [1] or [2], wherein the retardation regions A and B each satisfy | Rth (550) | ≦ 160 nm.
[4] The in-plane retardation Re (550) of the retardation region A and B at a wavelength of 550 nm is λ / 4, and the in-plane slow axes αa and αb of the retardation regions A and B are orthogonal to each other. 1]-[3] phase difference plate in any one.
[5] The phase difference plate according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein at least one of the in-plane slow axes αa and αb of the phase difference regions A and B is parallel or perpendicular to the patterning periodic direction. .
[6] Each of the retardation regions A and B includes a retardation layer containing a liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state, or includes a retardation layer containing a liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state [1] The retardation plate of any one of [5].
[7] The retardation region A includes a retardation layer containing a discotic liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state, or includes a retardation layer containing a discotic liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state [1] ] The phase difference plate in any one of [6].
[8] The retardation region B includes a retardation layer containing a rod-like liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state, or includes a retardation layer containing a rod-like liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state. The phase difference plate according to any one of [7].
[9] The retardation plate according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein each of the retardation regions A and B is made of a birefringent polymer film or includes a birefringent polymer film.
[10] The retardation plate of any one of [1] to [9], wherein Rth (550) of the retardation region A satisfies Rth (550) ≦ −25 nm.
[11] The phase difference plate according to any one of [1] to [10], which has an antireflection layer on the outermost surface.
[12] The phase difference plate according to any one of [1] to [11], comprising an ultraviolet absorber.

[13] A polarizing plate having at least a retardation plate of any one of [1] to [12] and a linearly polarizing film.
[14] In-plane retardation Re (550) of wavelength 550 nm of the retardation regions A and B is λ / 4, and in-plane slow axes αa and αb of the retardation regions A and B are orthogonal to each other, The polarizing plate according to [13], wherein an angle between each of αa and αb and the absorption axis θ of the linearly polarizing film is 45 °.
[15] A 3D display device having an image display element and a polarizing plate of [13] or [14] on the display surface side.
[16] Re (550) of retardation regions A and B of the retardation plate included in the polarizing plate is λ / 4, and in-plane slow axes αa and αb of the retardation regions A and B are orthogonal to each other. And the angle between each of αa and αb and the absorption axis θ of the linearly polarizing film included in the polarizing plate is 45 ° [15].
[17] The absorption axis of the polarizing plate is 45 ° or 135 °,
When the pattern period direction of the retardation plate included in the polarizing plate is the vertical direction of the display surface, the in-plane slow axis αa of the retardation region A is 90 °; or the position included in the polarizing plate When the pattern period direction of the phase difference plate is the horizontal direction of the display surface, the in-plane slow axis αa of the phase difference region A is 0 °;
[16] 3D display device.
[18] The 3D display device according to any one of [15] to [17], wherein the image display element is a liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal cell.
[19] The 3D display device according to [18], wherein the liquid crystal cell is a TN, OCB, or ECB mode liquid crystal cell.
[20] The 3D display device according to any one of [15] to [19], wherein the linearly polarizing film included in the polarizing plate is also used for an image display function of the image display element.
[21] The 3D display device according to any one of [15] to [20];
A second polarizing plate for causing the right-eye and left-eye polarized images displayed on the 3D display device to enter the right and left eyes of an observer, respectively;
3D display system.
[22] The 3D display device displays right-eye and left-eye circularly polarized images, and the second polarizing plate is a circularly polarizing plate having a linearly polarizing film and a λ / 4 retardation film. 3D display system.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is a phase difference plate useful for 3D display apparatus, Comprising: The phase difference plate which contributes to reduction of the tint change at the time of the white display produced by the inclination of an observer's face can be provided.
In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a 3D display device and a 3D display system using a patterning phase difference plate, in which a color change during white display caused by the inclination of the face of the observer is reduced.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the combination of the phase difference plate of this invention, and a linearly-polarizing film. It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the combination of the phase difference plate of this invention, and a linearly-polarizing film. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an example of the 3D display system of this invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments. In addition, the numerical value range represented using "-" in this specification means the range which includes the numerical value described before and behind as a lower limit and an upper limit.
First, terms used in this specification will be described.

Re (λ) and Rth (λ) represent in-plane retardation at wavelength λ and retardation in the thickness direction, respectively. Re (λ) is measured with KOBRA 21ADH or WR (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.) by making light of wavelength λ nm incident in the normal direction of the film. In selecting the measurement wavelength λnm, the wavelength selection filter can be exchanged manually, or the measurement value can be converted by a program or the like. When the film to be measured is represented by a uniaxial or biaxial refractive index ellipsoid, Rth (λ) is calculated by the following method. This measuring method is also partially used for measuring the average tilt angle on the alignment film side of the discotic liquid crystal molecules in the retardation layer, which will be described later, and the average tilt angle on the opposite side.
Rth (λ) is the film surface when Re (λ) is used and the in-plane slow axis (determined by KOBRA 21ADH or WR) is the tilt axis (rotation axis) (if there is no slow axis) Measurement is performed at a total of 6 points by injecting light of wavelength λ nm from each inclined direction in steps of 10 degrees from the normal direction to 50 ° on one side with respect to the film normal direction (with any rotation direction as the rotation axis). Then, KOBRA 21ADH or WR is calculated based on the measured retardation value, the assumed value of the average refractive index, and the input film thickness value. In the above case, in the case of a film having a direction in which the retardation value is zero at a certain tilt angle with the in-plane slow axis from the normal direction as the rotation axis, retardation at a tilt angle larger than the tilt angle. The value is calculated by KOBRA 21ADH or WR after changing its sign to negative. The retardation value is measured from two inclined directions with the slow axis as the tilt axis (rotation axis) (if there is no slow axis, the arbitrary direction in the film plane is the rotation axis). Rth can also be calculated from the following formula (A) and formula (B) based on the value, the assumed value of the average refractive index, and the input film thickness value.

なお、上記のＲｅ（θ）は法線方向から角度θ傾斜した方向におけるレターデーション値をあらわす。また、式（Ａ）におけるｎｘは、面内における遅相軸方向の屈折率を表し、ｎｙは、面内においてｎｘに直交する方向の屈折率を表し、ｎｚは、ｎｘ及びｎｙに直交する方向の屈折率を表す。
Ｒｔｈ＝（（ｎｘ＋ｎｙ）／２−ｎｚ）×ｄ・・・・・・・・・・・式（Ｂ）

Note that Re (θ) represents a retardation value in a direction inclined by an angle θ from the normal direction. In the formula (A), nx represents the refractive index in the slow axis direction in the plane, ny represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to nx in the plane, and nz is the direction orthogonal to nx and ny. Represents the refractive index.
Rth = ((nx + ny) / 2−nz) × d (Equation (B)

  When the film to be measured is a film that cannot be expressed by a uniaxial or biaxial refractive index ellipsoid, that is, a film without a so-called optical axis, Rth (λ) is calculated by the following method. Rth (λ) is from −50 ° to the normal direction of the film, with Re (λ) being the in-plane slow axis (determined by KOBRA 21ADH or WR) as the tilt axis (rotary axis). Measured at 11 points by making light of wavelength λ nm incident in 10 ° steps up to + 50 °, and based on the measured retardation value, average refractive index assumption value and input film thickness value. KOBRA 21ADH or WR is calculated. In the above measurement, as the assumed value of the average refractive index, values in the polymer handbook (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) and catalogs of various optical films can be used. If the average refractive index is not known, it can be measured with an Abbe refractometer. The average refractive index values of main optical films are exemplified below: cellulose acylate (1.48), cycloolefin polymer (1.52), polycarbonate (1.59), polymethyl methacrylate (1.49), Polystyrene (1.59). The KOBRA 21ADH or WR calculates nx, ny, and nz by inputting the assumed value of the average refractive index and the film thickness. Nz = (nx−nz) / (nx−ny) is further calculated from the calculated nx, ny, and nz.

In the present specification, the moisture permeability means the moisture permeability (g) calculated by measuring the moisture permeability of each sample according to the method described in JIS Z 0208 and evaporating in 24 hours per 1 m ^{2 of} area.

In the present specification, “parallel” and “orthogonal” mean that the angle is within a range of strictly less than ± 10 °. In this range, an error from a strict angle is preferably less than ± 5 °, and more preferably less than ± 2 °. The “slow axis” means the direction in which the refractive index is maximized.
The measurement wavelength of the refractive index is a value at λ = 550 nm in the visible light region unless otherwise specified, and the measurement wavelength of Re and Rth is 550 nm unless otherwise specified.

1. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention is a retardation plate including a patterning retardation region in which retardation regions A and B are alternately arranged, and the retardation regions A and B are in-plane slow axes in different directions. Or a retardation region having in-plane retardations different from each other, the thickness direction retardation Rth (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the retardation region A satisfies Rth (550) <25 nm, and The present invention relates to a retardation plate in which Rth (550) of the phase difference region B satisfies 25 nm ≦ Rth (550).

  In general, a retardation film or the like whose Re is adjusted to a desired range such as λ / 4 has a certain degree of retardation Rth in the thickness direction, and it is difficult to make it completely zero. As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, it has been found that Rth of the patterning phase difference plate has an effect on the color change during white display that occurs depending on the inclination of the face of the observer. As a result of further investigation based on this finding, in the retardation plate having the retardation regions A and B having in-plane slow axes in different directions or different in-plane retardations, Rth of the retardation region A The knowledge that the change in tint occurring in the oblique direction during white display can be reduced by setting (550) to less than 25 nm and Rth (550) in retardation region B to 25 nm or more is completed, and the present invention is completed. It came to do. By setting the Rth of the phase difference region A to less than 25 nm and the Rth of the phase difference region B to 25 nm or more, the color change at the time of white display that occurs depending on the inclination of the face is almost bilaterally symmetrical. Can be reduced.

  By the way, in the case where Re in the phase difference regions A and B is reverse wavelength dispersibility in the visible light region (characteristic that the Re is lower as the wavelength is shorter), the color change due to the face tilt is less likely to occur in the first place. In order to form the retardation regions A and B with Re having reverse wavelength dispersion, Re is subject to material restrictions. According to the present invention, Re in the phase difference regions A and B has forward wavelength dispersion (characteristic that the higher the shorter wavelength, the higher Re) and flat wavelength dispersion (Re is almost constant regardless of the wavelength). However, it is possible to reduce the color change due to the face inclination. That is, the present invention is particularly effective in the aspects of Re forward wavelength dispersion and flat wavelength dispersion of the retardation regions A and B.

  The upper limit value of | Rth (550) | for each of the phase difference regions A and B is not particularly limited, and will be determined in relation to the required Re (550). In general, | Rth (550) | of each of the phase difference regions A and B is 160 nm or less. The mutual | Rth (550) | does not have to be the same, and the difference may be about 5 to 300 nm, or about 10 to 180 nm. Rth (550) of the retardation region A is preferably negative, more preferably −25 nm or less, and further preferably −35 to −120 nm. Rth (550) of the retardation region B is preferably 35 to 120 nm.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the aspect of the phase difference plate of this invention. Any of the patterning modes in which the polarized images for the right eye and the left eye can be separated by a combination with the linear polarizing film may be used. Some examples of the relationship between Re in the phase difference regions A and B, the relationship between the in-plane slow axes αa and αb, and the absorption axis of the linearly polarizing film are as follows.

  Among the embodiments shown in the above table, the first embodiment is particularly preferable. The phase difference plate of the first aspect can form circularly polarized images in the opposite directions for the right eye and the left eye by being combined with the linear polarizing film in a notation relationship.

  The retardation plate of the present invention includes a linear polarizing film and a viewing side outer side of the display panel (if the display panel has a linear polarizing film on the viewing side, the retardation plate alone is further outside the viewing side linear polarizing film of the display panel. ) And the polarized images that have passed through the first and second retardation regions of the retardation plate are transmitted to the right eye or the left eye as the right eye image or the left eye image through polarized glasses or the like. Each incident. Therefore, the phase difference areas A and B are preferably in the same shape so that the left and right images do not become non-uniform, and the respective arrangements are preferably uniform and symmetrical. The screen of the display device is usually rectangular, and assuming a retardation plate of this shape, the example of the retardation plate of the present invention has a pattern period of the retardation regions A and B in the vertical direction of the display surface. Phase difference regions A and B are alternately arranged, that is, a phase difference plate having a pattern period in the vertical direction of the display surface, and phase difference regions A and B are alternately arranged in the left and right direction of the display surface. A retardation plate having a period in the left-right direction of the display surface is included.

  In the first aspect of the retardation plate of the present invention, the in-plane slow axes of the retardation regions A and B are orthogonal to each other. There is no particular limitation on the relationship between the in-plane slow axis and the pattern period in this aspect, but the in-plane slow axes of the phase difference regions A and B are parallel or orthogonal to the patterning periodic direction. Is preferred. In the first aspect, since the in-plane slow axis of each of the retardation regions A and B and the absorption axis of the linear polarizing film are arranged at ± 45 °, the absorption axis of the linear polarizing film is relative to the display surface. The direction is preferably 45 ° or 135 °. That is, some examples of the relationship between the retardation plate of the present invention and the linear polarizing film are as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (d) and FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (d). In the example shown in FIG. 1, the periodic direction of patterning is the vertical direction of the display surface, and in the example shown in FIG. 2, the periodic direction of patterning is the horizontal direction of the display surface. FIGS. 1 and 2 are both examples of the first aspect, wherein Re of the phase difference regions A and B is λ / 4, and the in-plane slow axes αa and αb are orthogonal to each other, In addition, this is an example of crossing the absorption axis θ of the linearly polarizing film at ± 45 °.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the material of the phase difference plate of this invention. Each of the retardation regions A and B may be composed of a retardation layer containing a liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state. As the liquid crystal compound, either a disc-shaped liquid crystal or a rod-shaped liquid crystal can be used. Each of the retardation regions A and B may be composed of a birefringent polymer film. Further, in order to make the optical characteristics of the retardation regions A and B within a desired range, the retardation regions A and B may each have a laminated structure, and a laminate of the retardation layer, birefringence Any of a laminate of a polymer film and a laminate of the retardation layer and the birefringent polymer film may be used. Examples of materials that can be used for manufacturing the retardation plate of the present invention will be described later.

  Since the retardation film is disposed on the outer side of the display panel on the viewing side, it may further have a surface layer. The surface layer is preferably an antireflection layer having an antireflection function that suppresses reflection of external light. Moreover, since it is arrange | positioned at the visual recognition side outer side of a display panel and exposed to external light, it is also preferable to have a light-resistant surface layer. An example of the light-resistant surface layer is a polymer film or a cured layer containing at least an ultraviolet absorber. Further, the light resistance can be improved even if an ultraviolet absorber is contained in another functional layer such as an antireflection layer. Furthermore, even if an ultraviolet absorber is contained in the retardation layer or the birefringent polymer film constituting the retardation region, the light resistance can be similarly improved. Usable surface layers and ultraviolet absorbers will be described later.

2. 3D display apparatus and 3D display system TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates also to the 3D display apparatus and 3D display system which have the phase difference plate of this invention. The retardation plate of the present invention is disposed on the viewing side of the display panel and has a function of converting images displayed on the display panel into polarized images such as right-eye and left-eye circularly polarized images or linearly polarized images. An observer observes these images through a polarizing plate such as circularly polarized light or linearly polarized glasses, and recognizes them as a stereoscopic image.

  In the present invention, there is no limitation on the display panel. For example, it may be a liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal layer, an organic EL display panel including an organic EL layer, or a plasma display panel. For any aspect, various possible configurations can be employed. Further, in a mode in which a liquid crystal panel or the like in a transmission mode has a linearly polarizing film for image display on the viewing side surface, the retardation plate of the present invention achieves the above function by combining with the linearly polarizing film. Also good. Of course, the retardation plate of the present invention may have a linear polarizing film separately from the liquid crystal panel, but in that case, the absorption axis of the linear polarizing film of the retardation plate and the linear polarizing film of the liquid crystal panel Arrange the absorption axis to match.

  There is no particular limitation on the relationship between the pattern period direction and the display surface when the retardation plate of the present invention is arranged on the display panel. As shown in FIGS. 1A to 1D, even if the periodic direction of the pattern is along the vertical direction of the image display surface, the periodic direction of the pattern is the image as shown in FIGS. You may be along the display surface left-right direction. However, in general, the crosstalk performance is deteriorated in principle in the patterning period direction of the phase difference plate. Therefore, depending on the application, that is, in an aspect in which the 3D display performance in the horizontal direction of the screen is important, FIG. The arrangement is more preferable as compared with the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, while the arrangement shown in FIG. 2 is more preferable as compared with the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 in an aspect in which 3D display performance in the vertical direction of the screen is important.

  1 is excellent in 3D display characteristics in the left-right direction of the image display surface. Therefore, the effect of reducing the color change due to the arrangement of the retardation plate of the present invention is particularly remarkable in the left-right direction of the image display surface. Is preferred. Of FIGS. 1A to 1D, the arrangements of FIGS. 1A and 1C are preferable because the effect of reducing color change in the horizontal direction of the image display surface is high. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, in the aspect in which the pattern period direction of the retardation plate is the vertical direction of the display surface, the absorption axis θ of the linearly polarizing film is 45 ° or 135 °, and the phase difference The arrangement of FIG. 1A and FIG. 1C in which the in-plane slow axis αa of the region A is 90 ° is particularly effective in reducing the color change in the horizontal direction of the screen, and the 3D display capability in the horizontal direction. Also excellent.

  The aspect shown in FIG. 2 is excellent in 3D display characteristics in the vertical direction of the image display surface. Therefore, the effect of reducing the color change due to the arrangement of the retardation plate of the present invention is particularly remarkable in the vertical direction of the image display surface. Is preferred. 2 (a) to 2 (d), the arrangement of FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (c) is preferable because the effect of reducing color change in the vertical direction of the image display surface is high. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, in the aspect in which the pattern period direction of the retardation plate is the horizontal direction of the display surface, the absorption axis θ of the linearly polarizing film is 45 ° or 135 °, and the phase difference The arrangement shown in FIGS. 2A and 2C in which the in-plane slow axis αa of the area A is 0 ° is particularly effective in reducing the color change in the vertical direction of the screen, and the vertical 3D display performance. Also excellent.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the 3D display system of the present invention. The example shown in FIG. 3 is an example in which a liquid crystal panel having a liquid crystal cell is used as a display panel of a 3D display device.
FIG. 3 includes a 3D display device 1 and a polarizing plate 2 disposed between the 3D display device 1 and an observer, and the observer displays an image displayed by the 3D display device 1 through the polarizing plate 2. Observe. The image displayed by the 3D display device 1 is separated into circularly polarized images for the right eye and the left eye, and only the image for the right eye is displayed on the right eye of the observer through the polarizing plate 2. Only the image for the left eye enters the left eye, and the observer recognizes it as a 3D image. The polarizing plate 2 is, for example, polarized glasses. In the aspect in which the 3D display device 1 displays a circularly polarized image, circularly polarized glasses are used.

  The 3D display device 1 is a liquid crystal panel having a liquid crystal cell 10. The liquid crystal cell 10 is sandwiched between a pair of linearly polarizing films 12 and 14, and is configured as a transmissive mode liquid crystal panel having a backlight BL behind. Yes. Optical compensation films 16 and 18 for optically compensating the liquid crystal cell 10 are disposed between the liquid crystal cell 10 and the pair of linearly polarizing films 12 and 14, respectively. The optical characteristics of the optical compensation films 16 and 18 are adjusted to a range necessary for optical compensation according to the mode of the liquid crystal cell 10. A retardation film, a retardation layer formed by fixing the alignment of the liquid crystal composition, or a laminate thereof is used. The optical compensation films 16 and 18 may not be provided depending on the mode of the liquid crystal cell 10. For example, an optically isotropic polymer film may be disposed as a protective film for the linearly polarizing films 12 and 14. Moreover, you may arrange | position a protective film between the optical compensation films 16 and 18 and the linearly-polarizing films 12 and 14, respectively. Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the protective film 19 arrange | positioned at the backlight BL side of the linearly polarizing film 14, All of the phase difference polymer film mentioned later can be used. Further, a low retardation polymer film may be used.

  The 3D display device 1 includes the retardation plate 20 of the present invention on the further outer side on the viewing side. The retardation plate of the present invention includes a patterning retardation layer 21 including patterning retardation regions in which retardation regions A and B are alternately arranged, and a surface layer 22. It is preferable that the surface layer 22 has an antireflection function because reflection of external light can be reduced. Further, it is preferable that the surface layer 22 or the retardation layer 21 contains an ultraviolet absorber because light resistance is improved and deterioration due to exposure to external light can be suppressed. It is also preferable to dispose one or more polymer films that support one or both between the retardation layer 21 and the surface layer 22 and add an ultraviolet absorber to the polymer film. It is also preferable to dispose one or more polymer films that support one or both between the retardation layer 21 and the polarizing film 12 and add an ultraviolet absorber to the surface layer 22.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the structure of the liquid crystal cell 10, The liquid crystal cell of a general structure is employable. The liquid crystal cell includes, for example, a pair of substrates (not shown) opposed to each other and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and may include a color filter layer as necessary. The driving mode of the liquid crystal cell 10 is not particularly limited, and is twisted nematic (TN), super twisted nematic (STN), vertical alignment (VA), in-plane switching (IPS), optically compensated bend cell (OCB). ) And other modes can be used. In the TN, OCB, or ECB mode, the absorption axis of the linearly polarizing film is generally arranged at 45 ° or 135 ° with respect to 0 ° in the horizontal direction of the display surface. 1 can be arranged in the mode shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, and in particular, the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 (a) or (c) or FIG. 2 (a) or (c). Is preferred. In the TN or ECB mode, there is a direction in which gradation inversion occurs due to liquid crystal alignment in the liquid crystal cell. When the direction and the patterning cycle direction of the retardation plate are matched, the viewing angle performance is important because the direction in which gradation inversion is most visually recognized and the direction in which crosstalk is deteriorated in principle. This is preferable because the visibility of 3D display in the direction (for example, the left-right direction of the image display surface in FIG. 1) can be improved.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the structure of the polarizing plate 2, The polarized glasses of the various aspect conventionally utilized for 3D display system can be utilized. In the aspect in which the 3D display device 1 displays the right-eye and left-eye circularly polarized images, it is preferable to use circularly polarized glasses including the λ / 4 plate 24 and the linearly polarizing film 26 as the polarizing plate 2.

Hereinafter, materials, methods, and the like that can be used for producing the retardation plate of the present invention will be described in detail.
(1) Phase difference areas A and B
The retardation plate of the present invention is a patterning retardation plate having a retardation region A having an Rth of less than 25 nm and a retardation region B having an Rth of 25 nm or more. For the formation of the retardation regions A and B, a liquid crystal may be used, or a birefringent polymer film may be used. Of course, both may be used. Examples of usable liquid crystals include both discotic liquid crystals and rod-shaped liquid crystals.

  An example of the retardation plate of the present invention is a retardation layer containing a discotic liquid crystal in which the retardation region A is fixed in an alignment state (preferably a vertical alignment state), and the retardation region B is an alignment state (preferably It is a retardation layer containing a rod-like liquid crystal fixed in a horizontal alignment state. Rth of the retardation layer containing the discotic liquid crystal fixed in the vertical alignment state can be easily adjusted to less than 25 nm (particularly negative) due to the inherent property of the discotic liquid crystal, and can be used as the retardation region A. . Further, the Rth of the retardation layer containing rod-like liquid crystal fixed in a horizontal alignment state can be easily adjusted to 25 nm or more because of the inherent property of the rod-like liquid crystal, and can be used as the retardation region B. It is also possible to adjust Re of a retardation layer including a discotic liquid crystal fixed in a vertical alignment state and a rod-shaped liquid crystal fixed in a horizontal alignment state to λ / 4, 3λ / 4, λ / 2, etc. This can be easily done by adjusting the film thickness or selecting the type of liquid crystal.

  In addition, each of the retardation regions A and B includes two or more laminates of retardation layers containing a discotic liquid crystal fixed in a vertical alignment state, and a retardation layer containing a rod-like liquid crystal fixed in a horizontal alignment state It may be a laminate of two or more. In addition, a laminate of two or more retardation layers having different types of liquid crystals or different alignment states of the liquid crystals is preferable because Rth can be easily adjusted while maintaining strong adhesion between the retardation layers. For example, in a mode in which a retardation layer formed by fixing a predetermined alignment state of a discotic liquid crystal or a rod-like liquid crystal and a retardation layer formed by fixing a horizontal alignment state of a discotic liquid crystal have almost no influence on Re. In an embodiment in which Rth can be adjusted positively without being applied, and a retardation layer formed by fixing the vertical alignment state of the rod-like liquid crystal is laminated, Rth can be adjusted negatively with little effect on Re.

  By using one type of liquid crystal composition and using a patterning alignment film (patterning alignment film formed by a mask rubbing process for a rubbing alignment film, a mask exposure process for a photo-alignment film, etc.) , Re (for example, Re is λ / 4) can be formed, and a patterning retardation layer can be formed that includes regions having the same slow axis directions (for example, orthogonal to each other). However, in this method, Rth is usually uniform and the same between the regions. Therefore, in order to obtain the retardation regions A and B of the retardation plate of the present invention, it is necessary to adjust Rth. For example, by laminating a retardation layer in which the horizontal alignment state of the discotic liquid crystal is fixed only in one retardation region, Rth is increased positively without affecting Re, and the retardation region B is The phase difference region satisfying the required 25 nm ≦ Rth can be obtained. In addition, by laminating a retardation layer in which the vertical alignment state of the rod-like liquid crystal is fixed only in one retardation region, Rth is increased negatively without affecting Re, and the retardation region A is obtained. The retardation region satisfying Rth <25 nm can be obtained.

  In addition, the in-plane slow axis of retardation obtained by fixing the alignment state of the liquid crystal is the alignment regulating direction of the alignment film that controls the alignment of the liquid crystal (for example, the rubbing treatment direction in the rubbing alignment film, and the light irradiation in the photo alignment film) Direction) and the like.

  Re wavelength dispersion of the retardation layer formed by fixing the liquid crystal in a predetermined alignment state is generally forward wavelength dispersion due to the inherent properties of the liquid crystal. When the patterning phase difference plate manufactured in this way is used, there is a problem that a color change occurs due to face inclination. The retardation plate of the present invention is manufactured using liquid crystal, and has a feature that even if the wavelength dispersion of Re is forward dispersion, the color change due to face inclination can be reduced.

  There is no particular limitation on the rod-like liquid crystalline compound that can be used for the production of the retardation plate. Examples of rod-like liquid crystalline compounds include azomethines, azoxys, cyanobiphenyls, cyanophenyl esters, benzoic acid esters, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid phenyl esters, cyanophenylcyclohexanes, cyano-substituted phenylpyrimidines, alkoxy-substituted phenylpyrimidines. , Phenyldioxanes, tolanes and alkenylcyclohexylbenzonitriles are preferably used. Not only the above low-molecular liquid crystalline compounds but also high-molecular liquid crystalline compounds can be used. It is more preferable to fix the alignment of the rod-like liquid crystal compound by polymerization. As the liquid crystalline compound, those having a partial structure capable of causing polymerization or crosslinking reaction by actinic rays, electron beams, heat, or the like are suitably used. The number of the partial structures is preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 3. As the polymerizable rod-like liquid crystalline compound, Makromol. Chem. 190, 2255 (1989), Advanced Materials 5, 107 (1993), US Pat. No. 4,683,327, US Pat. No. 5,622,648, US Pat. No. 5,770,107, International Publication WO95 / 22586. No. 95/24455, No. 97/00600, No. 98/23580, No. 98/52905, JP-A-1-272551, No. 6-16616, and No. 7-110469. 11-80081 and JP-A-2001-328773, etc. can be used.

  There is no particular limitation on the discotic liquid crystalline compound that can be used for the production of the retardation plate. Discotic liquid crystalline compounds are disclosed in various documents (C. Destrade et al., Mol. Crysr. Liq. Cryst., Vol. 71, page 111 (1981); edited by The Chemical Society of Japan, Quarterly Chemical Review, No. 22, Liquid Crystal Chemistry, Chapter 5, Chapter 10 Section 2 (1994); B. Kohne et al., Angew. Chem. Soc. Chem. Comm., Page 1794 (1985); J. Zhang et al., J Am.Chem.Soc., Vol.116, page 2655 (1994)). The polymerization of discotic liquid crystalline compounds is described in JP-A-8-27284.

The discotic liquid crystalline compound preferably has a polymerizable group so that it can be fixed by polymerization. For example, a structure in which a polymerizable group is bonded as a substituent to a discotic core of a discotic liquid crystalline compound is conceivable. However, when a polymerizable group is directly connected to the discotic core, the alignment state is maintained in the polymerization reaction. It becomes difficult. Therefore, a structure having a linking group between the discotic core and the polymerizable group is preferable. That is, the discotic liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group is preferably a compound represented by the following formula.
D (-LP) _n
In the formula, D is a discotic core, L is a divalent linking group, P is a polymerizable group, and n is an integer of 1 to 12. Preferred specific examples of the discotic core (D), the divalent linking group (L) and the polymerizable group (P) in the above formula are (D1) to (D15) described in JP-A No. 2001-4837, respectively. ), (L1) to (L25), and (P1) to (P18), and the contents described in the publication can be preferably used. In addition, the discotic nematic liquid crystal phase-solid phase transition temperature of the liquid crystalline compound is preferably 30 to 300 ° C, and more preferably 30 to 170 ° C.

  The discotic liquid crystalline compound represented by the following formula (I) has low in-plane retardation wavelength dispersibility, can exhibit high in-plane retardation, and requires no special alignment film or additive. Furthermore, it is preferable because vertical alignment with excellent uniformity can be achieved with a high average tilt angle. Furthermore, the coating liquid containing the liquid crystalline compound tends to have a relatively low viscosity, and is preferable from the viewpoint of good coating properties.

In the formula, Y ¹¹ , Y ¹² and Y ¹³ each independently represent a methine or nitrogen atom which may be substituted; L ¹ , L ² and L ³ each independently represent a single bond or a divalent linking group. H ¹ , H ² and H ³ each independently represent a group of the general formula (IA) or (IB); R ¹ , R ² and R ³ each independently represent the following general formula Represents (IR);

In the general formula (IA), YA ¹ and YA ² each independently represents a methine or nitrogen atom; XA represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, methylene or imino; * represents the above general formula (I) Represents a position bonded to the L ^{1 to} L ³ side; ** represents a position bonded to the R ^{1 to} R ³ side in the general formula (I);

In the general formula (IB), YB ¹ and YB ² each independently represent a methine or nitrogen atom; XB represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, methylene or imino; * represents the above general formula (I) Represents a position bonded to the L ^{1 to} L ³ side; ** represents a position bonded to the R ^{1 to} R ³ side in the general formula (I);

General formula (IR)
*-(-L ²¹ -Q ² ) _n1 -L ²² -L ²³ -Q ¹
In the general formula (IR), * represents a position bonded to the H ^{1 to} H ³ side in the general formula (I); L ²¹ represents a single bond or a divalent linking group; Q ² is at least 1 It represents the type of divalent group having a cyclic structure (cyclic group); n1 represents an integer of 0 to 4; L ²² is, ** - O -, ** - O-CO -, ** - CO -O -, ** - O-CO -O -, ** - S -, ** - NH -, ** - SO 2 -, ** - CH 2 -, ** - CH = CH- or ** —C≡C—; L ²³ represents —O—, —S—, —C (═O) —, —SO ₂ —, —NH—, —CH ₂ —, —CH═CH— and —C. Represents a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of ≡C— and combinations thereof; Q ¹ represents a polymerizable group or a hydrogen atom;

  Paragraphs [0013] of JP 2010-244038 A describe preferred ranges of the respective symbols of the trisubstituted benzene-based discotic liquid crystal compound represented by the formula (I) and specific examples of the compound of the formula (I). To [0077] description can be referred to. However, the discotic liquid crystal compound that can be used in the present invention is not limited to the trisubstituted benzene-based discotic liquid crystal compound of the formula (I).

  Examples of the triphenylene compound include compounds described in paragraphs [0062] to [0067] of JP-A-2007-108732, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  In addition to the trisubstituted benzene or triphenylene compound, at least one pyridinium compound represented by the following general formula (II) (more preferably, general formula (II ′)), and the following general formula (III) You may contain at least 1 sort (s) of the compound containing a triazine ring group. The addition amount of the pyridinium compound is preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the discotic liquid crystalline compound. Moreover, it is preferable that the addition amount of the compound containing the said triazine ring group is 0.2-0.4 mass part with respect to 100 mass parts of discotic liquid crystalline compounds.

Wherein L ²³ and L ²⁴ are each a divalent linking group; R ²² is a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted amino group, or a substituted amino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; X is an anion; Y ²² and Y ²³ are each a divalent linking group having a 5- or 6-membered ring which may be substituted as a partial structure; Z ²¹ is halogen-substituted phenyl, nitro-substituted phenyl, cyano-substituted phenyl or the number of carbon atoms Is phenyl substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl substituted with an alkoxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms , An alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 13 carbon atoms, an aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 26 carbon atoms, and an aryl carbon having 7 to 26 carbon atoms A monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of oxy group; p is a number from 1 to 10; and m is 1 or 2.

式（II’）中、式(II)と同一の符号は同一の意義であり；Ｌ²⁵はＬ²⁴と同義であり；Ｒ²³、Ｒ²⁴及びＲ²⁵はそれぞれ、炭素原子数が１〜１２のアルキル基を表し、ｎ２３は０〜４、ｎ２４は１〜４、及びｎ２５は０〜４を表す。
る。 In the formula, R ³¹ , R ³² and R ³³ represent an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having a CF ₃ group at the end, provided that two or more not adjacent in the alkyl group (including the alkyl group in the alkoxy group) May be substituted with an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; X ³¹ , X ³² and X ³³ are each an alkylene group, —CO—, —NH—, —O—, —S—, —SO _2. -Represents a group obtained by combining at least two divalent linking groups selected from the group; and m31, m32 and m33 each represent a number of 1 to 5. In the above formula (III), each of R ³¹ , R ³² and R ³³ is preferably a group represented by the following formula.
_{-O (C n H 2n) n1} O (C m H 2m) m1 -C k F 2k + 1
In formula, n and m are 1-3, respectively, n1 and m1 are 1-3, respectively, and k is 1-10.

In the formula (II ′), the same symbols as those in the formula (II) have the same meaning; L ²⁵ has the same meaning as L ²⁴ ; R ²³ , R ²⁴ and R ²⁵ each have 1 to 12 carbon atoms. N23 represents 0 to 4, n24 represents 1 to 4, and n25 represents 0 to 4.
The

  The polymerizable liquid crystal composition used for the preparation of the retardation plate contains at least one kind, and may contain one or more additives together with the composition. As examples of usable additives, an air interface alignment controller, a repellency inhibitor, a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable monomer, and the like will be described.

Air interface orientation control agent:
The composition is oriented at the air interface at the tilt angle of the air interface. The tilt angle varies depending on the type of liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal composition, the type of additive, and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to arbitrarily control the tilt angle of the air interface according to the purpose.

For controlling the tilt angle, for example, an external field such as an electric field or a magnetic field or an additive can be used, but an additive is preferably used. As such an additive, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic substituted oligosiloxanoxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms in the molecule. A compound having one or more is preferable, and a compound having two or more in the molecule is more preferable. For example, a hydrophobic excluded volume effect compound described in JP-A No. 2002-20363 can be used as the air interface alignment control agent.
In addition, since the fluoroaliphatic group-containing polymer described in JP-A-2009-193046 and the like has the same action, it can be added as an air interface alignment controller.

  The addition amount of the orientation control additive on the air interface side is preferably 0.001% by mass to 20% by mass with respect to the composition (in the case of a coating solution, solid content, the same shall apply hereinafter). 01 mass%-10 mass% are still more preferable, and 0.1 mass%-5 mass% are still more preferable.

Anti-repellent agent:
In general, a polymer compound can be suitably used as a material for adding to the composition and preventing repellency during application of the composition.
The polymer to be used is not particularly limited as long as the tilt angle change and orientation of the composition are not significantly inhibited.
Examples of the polymer are described in JP-A-8-95030, and particularly preferred specific polymer examples include cellulose esters. Examples of cellulose esters include cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate propionate, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and cellulose acetate butyrate.
In order not to inhibit the orientation of the composition, the amount of the polymer used for the purpose of preventing repellency is generally in the range of 0.1 to 10% by mass relative to the composition, and 0.1 to 8% by mass More preferably, it is in the range of 0.1 to 5% by mass.

Polymerization initiator:
The composition preferably contains a polymerization initiator. When the composition containing a polymerization initiator is used, after heating to the liquid crystal phase formation temperature, polymerization and cooling can be performed to fix the alignment state of the liquid crystal state, thereby forming each retardation region. The polymerization reaction includes a thermal polymerization reaction using a thermal polymerization initiator, a photopolymerization reaction using a photopolymerization initiator, and a polymerization reaction by electron beam irradiation. In order to prevent the support and the like from being deformed or altered by heat. Also preferred is a photopolymerization reaction or a polymerization reaction by electron beam irradiation.

Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include α-carbonyl compounds (described in US Pat. Nos. 2,367,661 and 2,367,670), acyloin ether (described in US Pat. No. 2,448,828), α-hydrocarbon substituted aromatic acyloin. Compound (described in US Pat. No. 2,722,512), polynuclear quinone compound (described in US Pat. Nos. 3,046,127 and 2,951,758), a combination of triarylimidazole dimer and p-aminophenyl ketone (US Pat. No. 3,549,367) Acridine and phenazine compounds (JP-A-60-105667, U.S. Pat. No. 4,239,850) and oxadiazole compounds (U.S. Pat. No. 4,212,970).
It is preferable that the usage-amount of a photoinitiator is 0.01-20 mass% of the said composition, and it is further more preferable that it is 0.5-5 mass%.

Polymerizable monomer:
A polymerizable monomer may be added to the composition. The polymerizable monomer that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is compatible with the liquid crystal compound used in combination and does not cause significant inhibition of the alignment of the liquid crystalline composition. Among these, compounds having a polymerization active ethylenically unsaturated group such as a vinyl group, a vinyloxy group, an acryloyl group, and a methacryloyl group are preferably used. The addition amount of the polymerizable monomer is generally in the range of 0.5 to 50% by mass and preferably in the range of 1 to 30% by mass with respect to the liquid crystal compound used in combination. In addition, it is particularly preferable to use a monomer having two or more reactive functional groups because an effect of improving the adhesion to the alignment film can be expected.

  The composition may be prepared as a coating solution. As the solvent used for preparing the coating solution, a general-purpose organic solvent is preferably used. Examples of general-purpose organic solvents include amide solvents (eg, N, N-dimethylformamide), sulfoxide solvents (eg, dimethyl sulfoxide), heterocyclic solvents (eg, pyridine), hydrocarbon solvents (eg, Toluene, hexane), alkyl halide solvents (eg, chloroform, dichloromethane), ester solvents (eg, methyl acetate, butyl acetate), ketone solvents (eg, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone), ether solvents (Eg, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane). Ester solvents and ketone solvents are preferred, and ketone solvents are particularly preferred. Two or more organic solvents may be used in combination.

The retardation regions A and B can be produced by setting the composition in an alignment state and fixing the alignment state. Although an example of a manufacturing method is demonstrated below, it is not limited to this method.
First, a composition containing at least a polymerizable liquid crystal compound is applied on the surface of the support (or the alignment film surface when an alignment film is provided). If desired, it is heated or the like, and aligned in a desired alignment state. Next, a polymerization reaction or the like is advanced to fix the state, and each retardation region is formed. Examples of additives that can be added to the composition used in this method include the air interface alignment control agent, repellency inhibitor, polymerization initiator, and polymerizable monomer.

  The application can be performed by a known method (for example, a wire bar coating method, an extrusion coating method, a direct gravure coating method, a reverse gravure coating method, or a die coating method).

  In order to realize a uniformly aligned state, it is preferable to use an alignment film. The alignment film is preferably formed by rubbing the surface of a polymer film (for example, a polyvinyl alcohol film or an imide film). Examples of preferred alignment films for use in the present invention include alignment films of acrylic acid copolymers or methacrylic acid copolymers described in [0130] to [0175] of JP-A-2006-276203. Use of the alignment film is preferable because fluctuation of the liquid crystal compound can be suppressed and high contrast can be achieved.

Next, in order to fix the orientation state, it is preferable to carry out polymerization. It is preferable that a photopolymerization initiator is contained in the composition and polymerization is initiated by light irradiation. It is preferable to use ultraviolet rays for light irradiation. Irradiation energy is preferably ^{10mJ / cm 2 ~50J / cm 2} , further preferably ^{50mJ / cm 2 ~800mJ / cm 2} . In order to accelerate the photopolymerization reaction, light irradiation may be performed under heating conditions. Further, since the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is related to the degree of polymerization, when the desired degree of polymerization is not reached in the air, it is preferable to reduce the oxygen concentration by a method such as nitrogen substitution. A preferable oxygen concentration is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 7% or less, and still more preferably 3% or less.

  In the present invention, the state in which the alignment state is fixed is a state in which the alignment is maintained in the most typical and preferred embodiment, but is not limited thereto, specifically, usually 0 ° C. to 50 ° C. Under more severe conditions, in the temperature range of −30 ° C. to 70 ° C., the immobilized composition does not have fluidity, and is immobilized without causing changes in the orientation form due to an external field or external force. This indicates a state where the alignment form can be kept stable. When the alignment state is finally fixed and each retardation region is formed, the composition no longer needs to exhibit liquid crystallinity. For example, as a result, a polymerization or crosslinking reaction may proceed due to a reaction with heat, light, etc. to increase the molecular weight, and the liquid crystalline compound may lose liquid crystallinity.

  The thickness of the phase difference regions A and B is not particularly limited, but generally, it is preferably about 0.1 to 10 μm, more preferably about 0.5 to 5 μm.

  For the formation of the retardation regions A and B, an alignment film may be used. As the alignment film, a film whose surface is mainly composed of polyvinyl alcohol or modified polyvinyl alcohol is rubbed. Can do. A photo-alignment film may be used.

  The retardation plate of this embodiment may have a polymer film that supports the retardation regions A and B made of a liquid crystal composition. For example, a low retardation polymer film having Re of 0 to 50 nm, 0 to 30 nm, or 0 to 10 nm may be used as the support. When the Re and Rth of the retardation regions A and B are in a desired range, the polymer film used as the support preferably has a low retardation, and the Re or Rth of the retardation regions A and B is desired. If it is not within the range, it may have a phase difference to compensate for it. Examples of the polymer film that can be used are the same as the following examples of polymer films that can be used as the retardation regions A and B.

  Each of the retardation regions A and B of the retardation plate of the present invention may be composed of a birefringent polymer film. There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the material of a polymer film. Various polymer films, for example, cellulose acylate (for example, cellulose triacetate film, cellulose diacetate film, cellulose acetate butyrate film, cellulose acetate propionate film), polycarbonate polymers, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate Polymers, acrylic polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate, styrene polymers such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile / styrene copolymers (AS resin), polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, cyclic olefin polymers such as norbornene, and ethylene / propylene copolymers Such as polyolefin polymers, vinyl chloride polymers, amide polymers such as nylon and aromatic polyamide Polymer, imide polymer, sulfone polymer, polyether sulfone polymer, polyether ether ketone polymer, polyphenylene sulfide polymer, vinylidene chloride polymer, vinyl alcohol polymer, vinyl butyral polymer, arylate polymer, polyoxymethylene Examples thereof include a polymer, an epoxy polymer, and a polymer obtained by mixing the polymer. One type or two or more types of polymers can be used as a main component. Commercially available products may be used, such as Arton (manufactured by JSR) which is a cyclic olefin polymer, Zeonex (manufactured by Zeon Corporation)) which is an amorphous polyolefin, and the like. Of these, triacetyl cellulose, polyethylene terephthalate, and cyclic olefin polymers are preferable, and triacetyl cellulose is particularly preferable.

  Among the birefringent polymer films, cyclic olefin polymers such as norbornene are known to have a small wavelength dispersion of Re and a substantially flat wavelength of Re. Therefore, conventionally, when a patterning phase difference plate manufactured using a cyclic olefin polymer such as norbornene is used, there is a problem that a color change occurs due to face inclination. The retardation plate of the present invention is characterized in that even if a retardation plate having a flat wavelength dispersion of Re such as a cyclic olefin polymer such as norbornene is used, a color change due to face inclination can be reduced.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the manufacturing methods of the said birefringent polymer film. Either a solution casting method or a melt casting method can be used. In order to obtain desired characteristics, a stretching process may be performed after film formation. Further, when a retardation layer made of a liquid crystal composition is formed thereon, the polymer film is subjected to a surface treatment (eg, glow discharge treatment, corona discharge treatment, ultraviolet (UV) treatment, flame treatment, saponification treatment), etc. May be.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the thickness of the said birefringent polymer film, Usually a thing of about 25 micrometers-1000 micrometers is used.

(2) Surface layer The retardation plate of the present invention may have surface layers having various functions on the surface. Depending on the purpose, a necessary surface layer may be provided alone or in a plurality of layers. As a preferable aspect, an aspect in which a hard coat layer is laminated on the retardation regions A and B, an aspect in which an antireflection layer is laminated on the retardation regions A and B, and the retardation regions A and B An embodiment in which a hard coat layer is laminated on top and an antireflection layer is further laminated thereon, and the like.

[Antireflection layer]
The antireflection layer is a layer composed of at least one layer designed in consideration of the refractive index, the film thickness, the number of layers, the layer order, and the like so that the reflectance is reduced by optical interference.
In the simplest configuration, the antireflection layer has a configuration in which only the low refractive index layer is coated on the outermost surface of the film. In order to further reduce the reflectivity, it is preferable to configure the antireflection layer by combining a high refractive index layer having a high refractive index and a low refractive index layer having a low refractive index. As a configuration example, two layers of a high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer or three layers having different refractive indexes are arranged in order from the bottom, and a medium refractive index layer (having a higher refractive index than the lower layer and a high refractive index). In some cases, a layer having a lower refractive index than a layer) / a layer having a higher refractive index / a layer having a lower refractive index are stacked in this order. Among them, from the viewpoint of durability, optical characteristics, cost, productivity, etc., it is preferable to have a medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer in this order on the hard coat layer, for example, JP-A-8-122504. Examples include the configurations described in JP-A-8-110401, JP-A-10-300902, JP-A 2002-243906, JP-A 2000-11706, and the like. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-262187 discloses an antireflection film having a three-layer structure that is excellent in robustness to film thickness fluctuations. When the antireflection film having the above three-layer structure is installed on the surface of an image display device, the average value of reflectance can be reduced to 0.5% or less, reflection can be remarkably reduced, and a three-dimensional effect can be achieved. An excellent image can be obtained. Further, each layer may be provided with other functions, for example, an antifouling low refractive index layer, an antistatic high refractive index layer, an antistatic hard coat layer, an antiglare hard coat layer, and the like. (For example, JP-A-10-206603, JP-A-2002-243906, JP-A-2007-264113, etc.) and the like.

The example of a specific layer structure in the case of having a hard-coat layer and an antireflection layer is shown below. Hereinafter,-* / represents a base material on which a surface layer is laminated. Specifically, − * / represents the support of the above-described retardation regions A and B, the retardation regions A and B, the support, and the like.
-* / Hard coat layer,
-* / Low refractive index layer,
-* / Anti-glare layer / Low refractive index layer-* / Hard coat layer / Low refractive index layer,
-* / Hard coat layer / anti-glare layer / low refractive index layer-* / hard coat layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer-* / hard coat layer / medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / Low refractive index layer-* / Hard coat layer / Anti-glare layer / High refractive index layer / Low refractive index layer-* / Hard coat layer / Anti-glare layer / Medium refractive index layer / High refractive index layer / Low refractive index Index layer /-* / Anti-glare layer / High refractive index layer / Low refractive index layer /-* / Anti-glare layer / Medium refractive index layer / High refractive index layer / Low refractive index layer It is preferable to directly form a surface layer such as a hard coat layer, an antiglare layer, or an antireflection layer on the retardation regions A and B. In addition, an optical film including the retardation regions A and B and an optical film separately provided with a hard coat layer, an antiglare layer, an antireflection layer and the like on a support are manufactured by laminating and laminating. Also good.

[Hard coat layer]
A hard coat layer can be provided on the surface film provided on the protective member in order to impart physical strength of the film. In the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a hard coat layer, but it is preferable to provide a hard coat layer because the scratch resistance surface such as a pencil scratch test becomes strong.
Preferably, a low refractive index layer is provided on the hard coat layer, and more preferably an intermediate refractive index layer and a high refractive index layer are provided between the hard coat layer and the low refractive index layer to constitute an antireflection film. The hard coat layer may be composed of two or more layers.

  The refractive index of the hard coat layer in the present invention is preferably in the range of 1.48 to 2.00, more preferably 1.48 to, from the optical design for obtaining an antireflection surface film. 1.70.

The film thickness of the hard coat layer is usually about 0.5 μm to 50 μm, preferably 1 μm to 20 μm, more preferably 5 μm to 20 μm, from the viewpoint of imparting sufficient durability and impact resistance to the surface film.
The strength of the hard coat layer is preferably H or higher, more preferably 2H or higher, and most preferably 3H or higher in the pencil hardness test. Furthermore, in the Taber test according to JIS K5400, the smaller the wear amount of the test piece before and after the test, the better.

The hard coat layer is preferably formed by a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction of an ionizing radiation curable compound. For example, it may be formed by applying a coating composition containing an ionizing radiation-curable polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer on a transparent support and subjecting the polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer to a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction. it can. The functional group of the ionizing radiation-curable polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional oligomer is preferably a light, electron beam, or radiation polymerizable group, and among them, a photopolymerizable functional group is preferable. Examples of the photopolymerizable functional group include compounds having a polymerizable functional group such as a (meth) acryloyl group, a vinyl group, a styryl group, and an allyl group. Among them, a (meth) acryloyl group and —C (O) OCH═ CH ₂ is preferred.

  Specific examples of ionizing radiation curable compounds include (meth) acrylic acid diesters of alkylene glycol, (meth) acrylic acid diesters of polyoxyalkylene glycol, (meth) acrylic acid diesters of polyhydric alcohols, ethylene oxide or propylene. (Meth) acrylic acid diesters of oxide adducts, epoxy (meth) acrylates, urethane (meth) acrylates, polyester (meth) acrylates, and the like.

  Commercially available polyfunctional acrylate compounds having a (meth) acryloyl group can be used, such as NK ester A-TMMT manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., KAYARAD DPHA manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. Can be mentioned. The polyfunctional monomer is described in paragraphs [0114] to [0122] of JP-A-2009-98658, and the same applies to the present invention.

  The ionizing radiation curable compound is preferably a compound having a hydrogen bonding substituent from the viewpoint of adhesion to the support and low curling property. The hydrogen-bonding substituent refers to a substituent in which an atom having a large electronegativity such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, or halogen and a hydrogen bond are covalently bonded. Specifically, OH—, SH—, — NH-, CHO-, CHN- and the like can be mentioned, and urethane (meth) acrylates and (meth) acrylates having a hydroxyl group are preferable. Commercially available compounds can also be used, and examples include NK Oligo U4HA manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., NK Ester A-TMM-3, KAYARAD PET-30 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. .

  The hard coat layer contains matte particles having an average particle diameter of 1.0 to 10.0 μm, preferably 1.5 to 7.0 μm, such as inorganic compound particles or resin particles, for the purpose of imparting internal scattering properties. May be.

  Various refractive index monomers, inorganic particles, or both can be added to the binder of the hard coat layer for the purpose of controlling the refractive index of the hard coat layer. In addition to the effect of controlling the refractive index, the inorganic particles also have the effect of suppressing cure shrinkage due to the crosslinking reaction. In the present invention, a polymer formed by polymerizing the polyfunctional monomer and / or the high refractive index monomer after the formation of the hard coat layer, and the inorganic particles dispersed therein are referred to as a binder.

[Anti-glare layer]
The antiglare layer is formed for the purpose of contributing to the film antiglare properties due to surface scattering, and preferably hard coat properties for improving the hardness and scratch resistance of the surface film.
The antiglare layer is described in paragraphs [0178] to [0189] of JP-A-2009-98658, and the same applies to the present invention.

[High refractive index layer and medium refractive index layer]
The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably 1.70 to 1.74, more preferably 1.71 to 1.73. The refractive index of the middle refractive index layer is adjusted to be a value between the refractive index of the low refractive index layer and the refractive index of the high refractive index layer. The refractive index of the medium refractive index layer is preferably 1.60 to 1.64, and more preferably 1.61 to 1.63.
The high refractive index layer and the medium refractive index layer are formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD), particularly by vacuum vapor deposition or sputtering, which is a kind of physical vapor deposition, to form a transparent thin film of inorganic oxide. Although it can be used, an all wet coating method is preferred.

Since the medium refractive index layer can be similarly adjusted using the same material except that the refractive index is different from that of the high refractive index layer, the high refractive index layer will be particularly described below.
The high refractive index layer is coated with a coating composition containing inorganic fine particles, a curable compound having a tri- or higher functional polymerizable group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “binder”), a solvent and a polymerization initiator, It is preferable that the solvent is dried and then cured by heating, irradiation with ionizing radiation, or a combination of both means. When a curable compound or initiator is used, a medium refractive index layer or a high refractive index layer excellent in scratch resistance and adhesion is formed by curing the curable compound by a polymerization reaction by heat and / or ionizing radiation after coating. it can.

[Low refractive index layer]
The low refractive index layer in the present invention preferably has a refractive index of 1.30 to 1.47. The refractive index of the low refractive index layer is desirably 1.33 to 1.38 when the surface film is a multilayer thin film interference type antireflection film (medium refractive index layer / high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer). Further, 1.35 to 1.37 are more desirable. Within the above range, the reflectance can be suppressed and the film strength can be maintained, which is preferable. The low refractive index layer can be formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, particularly a vacuum vapor deposition method or a sputtering method, which is a kind of physical vapor deposition method. It is preferable to use an all wet coating method using the composition for a low refractive index layer.
The low refractive index layer can be formed using a fluorine-containing curable polymer, a fluorine-containing curable monomer, a non-fluorine-containing curable monomer, a low refractive index particle, or the like as a constituent component. As these compounds, those described in paragraphs [0018] to [0168] of JP-A No. 2010-152311 can be used.

The haze of the low refractive index layer is preferably 3% or less, more preferably 2% or less, and most preferably 1% or less.
The strength of the antireflection film formed up to the low refractive index layer is preferably H or more, more preferably 2H or more, and most preferably 3H or more in a pencil hardness test under a 500 g load.
In order to improve the antifouling performance of the antireflection film, it is preferable that the contact angle of the surface with water is 95 ° or more. More preferably, it is 102 ° or more. In particular, a contact angle of 105 ° or more is particularly preferable because the antifouling performance against fingerprints is significantly improved. Further, the contact angle of water is 102 ° or more, and the surface free energy is more preferably 25 dyne / cm or less, particularly preferably 23 dyne / cm or less, and further preferably 20 dyne / cm or less. . Most preferably, the contact angle of water is 105 ° or more and the surface free energy is 20 dyne / cm or less.

(3) Ultraviolet absorber It is preferable that the phase difference plate of this invention contains the ultraviolet absorber. It is preferable that at least one layer constituting the retardation plate contains an ultraviolet absorber. For example, in an embodiment having a transparent support, the retardation regions A and B, the antireflection layer, or an adhesive that bonds them, it is preferable to include an ultraviolet absorber in any of these. The hard coat layer and / or antireflection layer of the surface film can contain an ultraviolet absorber. As the UV absorber, any UV absorber can be used, and any known UV absorber can be used. Among such ultraviolet absorbers, a benzotriazole-based or hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber is preferable in order to obtain a high ultraviolet-absorbing property and to obtain an ultraviolet-absorbing ability (ultraviolet-cutting ability) used in an electronic image display device. Moreover, in order to widen the absorption width of ultraviolet rays, two or more ultraviolet absorbers having different maximum absorption wavelengths can be used in combination.

  Examples of the benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber include 2- [2′-hydroxy-5 ′-(methacryloyloxymethyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole and 2- [2′-hydroxy-5 ′-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl. ] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5 '-(methacryloyloxypropyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyhexyl) phenyl]- 2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5 '-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-tert-butyl -3 '-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -2H-ben Triazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5 '-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -5-chloro-2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -5 -Methoxy-2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5 '-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -5-cyano-2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxy) Ethyl) phenyl] -5-tert-butyl-2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5 '-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -5-nitro-2H-benzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy -5-ter-butylphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole, benzene Panic acid-3- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -5- (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4-hydroxy-, C7-9-branched linear alkyl ester, 2- (2H-benzotriazole- 2-yl) -4,6-bis (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) phenol, 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -6- (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) -4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol and the like.

  As the hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber, 2- [4-[(2-hydroxy-3-dodecyloxypropyl) oxy] -2-hydroxyphenyl] 4,6-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1 , 3,5-triazine, 2- [4- (2-hydroxy-3-tridecyloxypropyl) oxy] -2-hydroxyphenyl] -4,6-bis (2,4dimethylphenyl) -1,3 5-triazine, 2- [4-[(2-hydroxy-3- (2′-ethyl) hexyl) oxy] -2-hydroxyphenyl] -4,6-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1, 3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl) -6- (2,4-bis-butyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- (2- Droxy-4- [1-octyloxycarbonylethoxy] phenyl) -4,6-bis (4-phenylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,2 ′, 4,4′-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, 2 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-acetoxyethoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy Benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4, 4'-dimethoxy-5,5'-disulfobenzopheno Disodium salt.

  The content of the ultraviolet absorber is usually 20 parts by mass or less, preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ultraviolet curable resin, although it depends on the desired ultraviolet transmittance and the absorbance of the ultraviolet absorber. . When there is more content of an ultraviolet absorber than 20 mass parts, while there exists a tendency for the sclerosis | hardenability by the ultraviolet-ray of a curable composition to fall, there also exists a possibility that the visible light transmittance | permeability of an optical film may fall. On the other hand, when the amount is less than 1 part by mass, the ultraviolet absorption of the optical film cannot be sufficiently exhibited.

(4) Polarizing plate for 3D image display system (second polarizing plate)
In the 3D display system of the present invention, an image is recognized through a polarizing plate in order to make a viewer recognize a stereoscopic image called a 3D image. One aspect of the polarizing plate is polarized glasses. In the aspect in which the right-polarized and left-eye circularly polarized images are formed by the retardation plate, circularly polarized glasses are used, and in the aspect in which the linearly polarized images are formed, linear glasses are used. The right eye image light emitted from one of the phase difference regions A and B of the phase difference plate is transmitted through the right eyeglass and shielded by the left eyeglass, and from the other of the first and second phase difference regions. It is preferable that the emitted image light for the left eye is transmitted through the left glasses and shielded by the right glasses.
The polarizing glasses form polarizing glasses by including a retardation functional layer and a linear polarizer. In addition, you may use the other member which has a function equivalent to a linear polarizer.

  A specific configuration of the 3D image display system of the present invention including the polarizing glasses will be described. First, the optical film is formed on a plurality of first lines and a plurality of second lines that are alternately repeated on the image display panel (for example, on odd-numbered lines and even-numbered lines in the horizontal direction if the lines are in the horizontal direction). The first phase difference region and the second phase difference region having different polarization conversion functions are provided on the odd-numbered and even-numbered lines in the vertical direction if the line is vertical. When circularly polarized light is used for display, the phase difference between the first phase difference region and the second phase difference region is preferably λ / 4, and the first phase difference region is More preferably, the slow axis of the second phase difference region is orthogonal.

When using circularly polarized light, the phase difference values of the first phase difference region and the second phase difference region are both set to λ / 4, an image for the right eye is displayed on the odd line of the video display panel, and the odd line If the slow axis of the phase difference region is 45 degrees, it is preferable to arrange λ / 4 plates on both the right and left glasses of the polarized glasses, and the slow phase of the λ / 4 plates of the right glasses of the polarized glasses. Specifically, the shaft may be fixed at approximately 45 degrees. In the above situation, similarly, the left eye image is displayed on the even line of the video display panel, and if the slow axis of the even line phase difference region is in the direction of 135 degrees, the left eyeglass of the polarizing glasses Specifically, the slow axis may be fixed at approximately 135 degrees.
Furthermore, from the viewpoint of emitting image light as circularly polarized light once in the patterning retardation film and returning the polarization state to the original state by the polarized glasses, the angle of the slow axis fixed by the right glasses in the above example is exactly The closer to 45 degrees in the horizontal direction, the better. Further, it is preferable that the angle of the slow axis fixed by the left spectacles is exactly close to horizontal 135 degrees (or -45 degrees).

For example, when the video display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the absorption axis direction of the front-side polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel is usually a horizontal direction, and the absorption axis of the linear polarizer of the polarizing glasses is the front-side polarization The direction perpendicular to the absorption axis direction of the plate is preferable, and the absorption axis of the linear polarizer of the polarizing glasses is more preferably the vertical direction.
In addition, the absorption axis direction of the front-side polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel, and the slow axis of the odd line retardation region and the even line retardation region of the patterning retardation film are 45 degrees on the efficiency of polarization conversion. It is preferable to make it.
In addition, about preferable arrangement | positioning of such polarized glasses, a patterning phase difference film, and a liquid crystal display device is disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2004-170693, for example.

  Examples of polarized glasses include those described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-170693, and examples of commercially available products include Zalman ZM-M220W accessories and Hyundai W220S accessories.

  The features of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, processing details, processing procedures, and the like shown in the following examples can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the specific examples shown below.

Preparation of patterning retardation film 1:
<< Production of Cellulose Acylate Film T1 >>
(Preparation of cellulose acylate)
A cellulose acylate having an acetyl substitution degree of 2.94 was prepared. A mixture of sulfuric acid as a catalyst (7.8 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cellulose) and carboxylic anhydride was added to cellulose derived from pulp after cooling to -20 ° C, and acylated at 40 ° C. . At this time, the kind of acyl group and its substitution ratio were adjusted by adjusting the kind and amount of carboxylic anhydride. After acylation, aging was performed at 40 ° C. to adjust the total substitution degree.

(Preparation of cellulose acylate solution)
1) Cellulose acylate The prepared cellulose acylate was heated to 120 ° C. and dried to adjust the water content to 0.5% by mass or less, and then 30 parts by mass was mixed with a solvent.
2) Solvent Dichloromethane / methanol / butanol (81/15/4 parts by mass) was used as a solvent. The water content of these solvents was 0.2% by mass or less.
3) Additive In preparing all the solutions, 0.9 parts by mass of trimethylolpropane triacetate was added. In addition, 0.25 part by mass of silicon dioxide fine particles (particle diameter 20 nm, Mohs hardness about 7) was added in preparing all solutions.
4) Swelling and dissolution In addition to the above solvents and additives, in a 400 liter stainless steel dissolution tank having stirring blades and circulating cooling water around the outer periphery, the following UV absorber A is 1.2% and the following Rth reducing agent B 11% was added and the cellulose acylate was gradually added while stirring and dispersing. After completion of the addition, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, swollen for 3 hours, and then stirred again to obtain a cellulose acylate solution.
For stirring, a dissolver type eccentric stirring shaft that stirs at a peripheral speed of 15 m / sec (shear stress 5 × 10 ⁴ kgf / m / sec ² ) and an anchor blade on the central axis and a peripheral speed of 1 m / sec. A stirring shaft that stirs at a sec (shear stress of 1 × 10 ⁴ kgf / m / sec ² ) was used. Swelling was carried out with the high speed stirring shaft stopped and the peripheral speed of the stirring shaft having anchor blades set at 0.5 m / sec.

5) Filtration The cellulose acylate solution obtained above was filtered with a filter paper (# 63, manufactured by Toyo Filter Co., Ltd.) having an absolute filtration accuracy of 0.01 mm, and further a filter paper (FH025, Pole) having an absolute filtration accuracy of 2.5 μm. To obtain a cellulose acylate solution.

(Preparation of cellulose acylate film)
The cellulose acylate solution was heated to 30 ° C. and cast on a mirror surface stainless steel support having a band length of 60 m set at 15 ° C. through a casting Giesser (described in JP-A-11-314233). The casting speed was 15 m / min and the coating width was 200 cm. The space temperature of the entire casting part was set to 15 ° C. Then, the cellulose acylate film that had been cast and rotated 50 cm before the cast part was peeled off from the band, and 45 ° C. dry air was blown. Next, it was dried at 110 ° C. for 5 minutes and further at 140 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a cellulose acylate film T1.
Re (550) of the obtained cellulose acylate film T1 was 0 nm, and Rth (550) was −1 nm. Here, as Re (550) and Rth (550), values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) were used.

(Formation of patterning retardation layer)
The following rod-like liquid crystalline compounds (RLC) and discotic liquid crystalline compounds (DLC) are respectively used so that Re (550) is 138 nm and the direction of the slow axis is 0 degree and 90 degrees in a cycle of 282 μm. Alternately patterned retardation layers were produced on a glass substrate. The average inclination angle of the disk surface of the DLC with respect to the film surface was 90 °, and it was confirmed that the DLC was oriented perpendicular to the film surface. Moreover, the average inclination angle with respect to the film surface of the major axis of RLC was 0 °, and it was confirmed that RLC was oriented horizontally with respect to the film surface. The state of the formed retardation layer was examined, and it was confirmed that there was no coating unevenness (unevenness generated when the coating solution was repelled by the alignment film) or alignment disorder. This was transferred onto the cellulose acylate film T1 to prepare a patterning retardation film 1. Moreover, Rth (550) of the whole retardation film was 70 nm (namely, phase difference area | region B) in a RLC coating part, and -45 nm (namely, phase difference area A) in a DLC coating part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

(Formation of surface layer (antireflection layer))
(Preparation of coating solution for hard coat layer)
The following composition was put into a mixing tank, stirred, and filtered through a polypropylene filter having a pore size of 0.4 μm to obtain a hard coat layer coating solution (solid content concentration: 58 mass%).
Solvent Methyl acetate 36.2 parts by weight Methyl ethyl ketone 36.2 parts by weight (a) Monomer: 77.0 parts by weight of PETA (b) Monomer: Urethane monomer 20.0 parts by weight Photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 184, Ciba Specialty Chemicals) (Made by Co., Ltd.)
3.0 parts by weight Leveling agent (SP-13) 0.02 parts by weight

The compounds used are shown below.
PETA: Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., a compound having the following structure. The weight average molecular weight is 325, and the number of functional groups in one molecule is 3.5 (average value).

  Urethane monomer: A compound having the following structure. The weight average molecular weight is 596, and the number of functional groups in one molecule is 4.

(Preparation of coating solution for low refractive index layer)
Each component was mixed as follows and dissolved in an 85/15 mixture (mass ratio) of MEK / MMPG-AC to prepare a low refractive index layer coating solution having a solid content of 5% by mass.

Composition of coating solution for low refractive index layer Perfluoroolefin copolymer shown below 15 parts by mass DPHA 7 parts by mass Defensor MCF-323 5 parts by mass The following fluorine-containing polymerizable compound 20 parts by mass As solid content of hollow silica particles 50 parts by mass Irgacure 127 3 parts by mass

  The compounds used are shown below.

DPHA: Mixture of dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate and dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. Defensor MCF-323: Fluorosurfactant, Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc. Irgacure 127: Photopolymerization initiator Hollow silica manufactured by Ciba Japan Co., Ltd .: Hollow silica particle dispersion (average particle size 45 nm, refractive index 1.25, surface treated with silane coupling agent having acryloyl group, MEK dispersion concentration 20%)
MEK: Methyl ethyl ketone MMPG-Ac: Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate

(Formation of hard coat layer and low refractive index layer)
The coating liquid for hard coat layer was applied to the surface of the support on the side where the layer containing the liquid crystalline compound of the patterning retardation film 1 was not coated using a die coater (solid content coating amount: 12 g / m). ² ). After drying at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds, using a 160 W / cm air-cooled metal halide lamp (manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.) while purging with nitrogen so that the oxygen concentration becomes 0.1% by volume, an illuminance of 400 mW / The coating layer was cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays of cm ² and an irradiation amount of 150 mJ / cm ² to prepare an optical film with a hard coat layer. On the hard coat layer, the coating liquid for the low refractive index layer was applied. The low refractive index layer was dried at 70 ° C. for 60 seconds, and the ultraviolet curing condition was 240 W / cm air-cooled metal halide lamp (eye graphics) while purging with nitrogen so that the atmosphere had an oxygen concentration of 0.1% by volume or less. ), And the irradiation dose was 600 mW / cm ² and the irradiation dose was 300 mJ / cm ² . The low refractive index layer had a refractive index of 1.34 and a film thickness of 95 nm.

Preparation of patterning retardation film 2:
<< Production of Cellulose Acylate Film T2 >>
The following composition was put into a mixing tank, stirred while heating to dissolve each component, and a cellulose acetate solution (dope A) having a solid content concentration of 22% by mass was prepared.

(Cellulose acetate solution composition)
Cellulose acetate with an acetylation degree of 60.7 to 61.1% 100 parts by weight Triphenyl phosphate (plasticizer) 7.8 parts by weight Biphenyl diphenyl phosphate (plasticizer) 3.9 parts by weight Ultraviolet absorber (Tinuvin 328 Ciba Japan 1.8 parts by mass UV absorber (manufactured by Tinuvin 326 Ciba Japan) 0.4 parts by mass Methylene chloride (first solvent) 336 parts by mass Methanol (second solvent) 29 parts by mass 1-butanol (third solvent) 11 parts by mass

  A dope B containing a matting agent was prepared by adding 0.02 mass of silica particles (AEROSIL R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 16 nm to 100 mass parts of cellulose acetate. The solid composition concentration was adjusted to 19% by mass with the same solvent composition as the dope A.

  The dope A was mainstream, and the dope B with matting agent was the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer, and was cast using a band stretching machine. After the film surface temperature on the band reaches 40 ° C., the film is dried with warm air of 70 ° C. for 1 minute, the film is peeled off from the band and dried with 140 ° C. drying air for 10 minutes, and the residual solvent amount is 0.3 mass. % Cellulose acylate film T2 was produced. The flow rate was adjusted so that the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer containing the matting agent were each 3 μm, and the main flow was 37 μm.

  The obtained long cellulose acylate film T2 had a width of 2300 mm and a thickness of 43 μm. The in-plane retardation Re (550) was 1 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth (550) was 20 nm. Here, as Re (550) and Rth (550), values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) were used.

(Formation of patterning phase difference layer and surface layer (antireflection layer))
In the production of the patterning phase difference film 1, a patterning phase difference film 2 was produced in the same manner as the method for producing the patterning phase difference film 1 except that the cellulose acylate film T1 was changed to the cellulose acylate film T2. The Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 90 nm (that is, retardation region B) for the RLC coating part and -25 nm (that is, retardation region A) for the DLC coating part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 3:
<< Production of Cellulose Acylate Film T3 >>
In the production of the cellulose acylate film T1, the raw material cellulose is changed to one having a total substitution degree of 2.97 (breakdown: acetyl substitution degree 0.45, propionyl substitution degree 2.52), and the addition of the UV absorber A A cellulose acylate film T3 was produced in the same manner as the cellulose acylate film T1, except that the amount was changed to 3.0% and the Rth reducing agent B was not added.

  The obtained long cellulose acylate film T3 had an in-plane retardation Re (550) of 1 nm and a thickness direction retardation Rth (550) of −45 nm. Here, as Re (550) and Rth (550), values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) were used.

(Formation of patterning phase difference layer and surface layer (antireflection layer))
In the production of the patterning phase difference film 1, a patterning phase difference film 3 was produced in the same manner as the method for producing the patterning phase difference film 1 except that the cellulose acylate film T1 was changed to the cellulose acylate film T3. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 25 nm (that is, retardation region B) for the RLC coating part, and -90 nm (that is, retardation region A) for the DLC coating part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning phase difference film 4:
<< Production of Cellulose Acylate Film T7 >>
In the production of the cellulose acylate film T3, a cellulose acylate film T7 was produced in the same manner as the production method of the cellulose acylate film T3 except that the thickness was changed.

  The obtained long cellulose acylate film T7 had an in-plane retardation Re (550) of 1 nm and a thickness direction retardation Rth (550) of −20 nm. Here, as Re (550) and Rth (550), values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) were used.

  In the production of the patterning phase difference film 1, a patterning phase difference film 4A was produced in the same manner as the method for producing the patterning phase difference film 1 except that the cellulose acylate film T1 was changed to the cellulose acylate film T7. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 50 nm (that is, retardation region B) for the RLC coated part and −65 nm (that is, retardation region A) for the DLC coated part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

  Subsequently, a retardation layer in which a coating layer and a non-coating layer of a discotic liquid crystalline compound (DLC) were alternately patterned at a cycle of 282 μm on a glass substrate was produced. The average inclination angle of the DLC disk surface with respect to the film surface was 0 °, and it was confirmed that the discotic liquid crystal was aligned horizontally with respect to the film surface. The state of the formed retardation layer was examined, and it was confirmed that there was no coating unevenness (unevenness generated when the coating solution was repelled by the alignment film) or alignment disorder. Subsequently, the produced DLC horizontal alignment layer was transferred to the coating layer side of the patterning retardation film 4 </ b> A to produce the patterning retardation film 4. Here, the horizontal alignment DLC coating layer is disposed on the RLC coating portion of the patterning retardation film 4A, and the non-coating layer of the DLC horizontal alignment layer is disposed on the DLC coating portion of the patterning retardation film 4A. Adjusted. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 65 nm (that is, retardation region B) for the RLC coating part and -65 nm (that is, retardation region A) for the DLC coating part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 5:
In the production of the patterning retardation film 4, the same method as the production of the patterning retardation film 4 except that the cellulose acylate film T7 is changed to the cellulose acylate film T1 and the thickness of the horizontally oriented DLC layer is 4.0 times. Thus, a patterning retardation film 5 was produced. The Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 110 nm (that is, retardation region B) for the RLC coated portion and −45 nm (that is, retardation region A) for the DLC coated portion. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 6:
(Preparation of patterning retardation film 6A)
A retardation layer obtained by alternately patterning the RLC and the DLC is manufactured on a glass substrate so that Re (550) is 138 nm and the direction of the slow axis is 0 degree and 90 degrees in a cycle of 282 μm. did. The average inclination angle of the disk surface of the DLC with respect to the film surface was 90 °, and it was confirmed that the DLC was oriented perpendicular to the film surface. Moreover, the average inclination angle with respect to the film surface of the major axis of RLC was 0 °, and it was confirmed that RLC was oriented horizontally with respect to the film surface. The state of the formed retardation layer was examined, and it was confirmed that there was no coating unevenness (unevenness generated when the coating solution was repelled by the alignment film) or alignment disorder. This was transferred onto the cellulose acylate film T1 to prepare a patterning retardation film 6A. Moreover, Rth (550) of the whole retardation film was 70 nm (namely, phase difference area | region B) in a RLC coating part, and -45 nm (namely, phase difference area A) in a DLC coating part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

(Preparation of optical film 6B with surface layer (antireflection layer))
(Preparation of coating solution for hard coat layer)
The following composition was put into a mixing tank, stirred, and filtered through a polypropylene filter having a pore size of 0.4 μm to obtain a hard coat layer coating solution (solid content concentration: 58 mass%).
Solvent Methyl acetate 36.2 parts by weight Methyl ethyl ketone 36.2 parts by weight (a) Monomer: 77.0 parts by weight of PETA (b) Monomer: Urethane monomer 20.0 parts by weight Photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 184, Ciba Specialty Chemicals) (Made by Co., Ltd.)
3.0 parts by weight Leveling agent (SP-13) 0.02 parts by weight

The compounds used are shown below.
PETA: Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., a compound having the following structure. The weight average molecular weight is 325, and the number of functional groups in one molecule is 3.5 (average value).

  Urethane monomer: A compound having the following structure. The weight average molecular weight is 596, and the number of functional groups in one molecule is 4.

(Preparation of coating solution for low refractive index layer)
Each component was mixed as follows and dissolved in an 85/15 mixture (mass ratio) of MEK / MMPG-AC to prepare a low refractive index layer coating solution having a solid content of 5% by mass.

Composition of coating solution for low refractive index layer Perfluoroolefin copolymer shown below 15 parts by mass DPHA 7 parts by mass Defensor MCF-323 5 parts by mass The following fluorine-containing polymerizable compound 20 parts by mass As solid content of hollow silica particles 50 parts by mass Irgacure 127 3 parts by mass

  The compounds used are shown below.

DPHA: Mixture of dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate and dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. Defensor MCF-323: Fluorosurfactant, Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc. Irgacure 127: Photopolymerization initiator Hollow silica manufactured by Ciba Japan Co., Ltd .: Hollow silica particle dispersion (average particle size 45 nm, refractive index 1.25, surface treated with silane coupling agent having acryloyl group, MEK dispersion concentration 20%)
MEK: Methyl ethyl ketone MMPG-Ac: Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate

(Formation of hard coat layer and low refractive index layer)
On the cellulose acylate film T1, the hard coat layer coating solution was applied using a die coater (solid content coating amount: 12 g / m ² ). After drying at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds, using a 160 W / cm air-cooled metal halide lamp (manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.) while purging with nitrogen so that the oxygen concentration becomes 0.1% by volume, an illuminance of 400 mW / The coating layer was cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays of cm ² and an irradiation amount of 150 mJ / cm ² to prepare an optical film with a hard coat layer. On the hard coat layer, the above coating solution for a low refractive index layer was applied and used as an optical film 6B with a surface layer (antireflection layer). The low refractive index layer was dried at 70 ° C. for 60 seconds, and the ultraviolet curing condition was 240 W / cm air-cooled metal halide lamp (eye graphics) while purging with nitrogen so that the atmosphere had an oxygen concentration of 0.1% by volume or less. ), And the irradiation dose was 600 mW / cm ² and the irradiation dose was 300 mJ / cm ² . The low refractive index layer had a refractive index of 1.34 and a film thickness of 95 nm. Re (550) of the obtained optical film 6B with a surface layer (antireflection layer) was -1 nm, and Rth (550) was -1 nm. Here, as Re (550) and Rth (550), values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) were used.

(Preparation of patterning retardation film 6)
The support surface of the optical film 6B with a surface layer (antireflection layer) was bonded to the support layer side of the patterning retardation film 6A via an easy-adhesion layer to prepare the patterning retardation film 6.

Preparation of patterning retardation film 7:
(Preparation of patterning retardation film 7A)
In the production of the patterning retardation film 6A, a patterning retardation film 7A was produced in the same manner as the method for producing the patterning retardation film 6A except that the cellulose acylate film T1 was changed to the cellulose acylate film T7. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 50 nm (that is, retardation region B) for the RLC coated part and −65 nm (that is, retardation region A) for the DLC coated part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

(Preparation of optical film 7B with surface layer (antireflection layer))
In the production of the optical film 6B with the surface layer (antireflection layer), the production method of the optical film 6B with the surface layer (antireflection layer) except that the cellulose acylate film T1 is changed to “TD80UL” (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation) Similarly, an optical film 7B with a surface layer (antireflection layer) was produced.

(Preparation of patterning retardation film 7)
The support surface of the optical film 7B with a surface layer (antireflection layer) was bonded to the support layer side of the patterning retardation film 7A via an easy-adhesion layer to prepare the patterning retardation film 7. The Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 90 nm (that is, retardation region B) for the RLC coating part and -25 nm (that is, retardation region A) for the DLC coating part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 8:
<< Production of Cellulose Acylate Film T4 >>
At room temperature, 120 parts by mass of cellulose acetate having an average degree of acetylation of 59.7%, 9.36 parts by mass of triphenyl phosphate, 4.68 parts by mass of biphenyl diphenyl phosphate, 1.00 parts by mass of retardation increasing agent (A), methylene A solution (dope) was prepared by mixing 543.14 parts by mass of chloride, 99.35 parts by mass of methanol and 19.87 parts by mass of n-butanol.

  The obtained dope was cast on a glass plate, dried at room temperature for 1 minute, and then dried at 45 ° C. for 5 minutes. The residual amount of solvent after drying was 30% by mass. The cellulose acylate film was peeled from the glass plate and dried at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes. After the film was cut to an appropriate size, it was stretched at 130 ° C. in a direction parallel to the casting direction. The direction perpendicular to the stretching direction was allowed to shrink freely. After stretching, the stretched film was taken out after being dried at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes as it was. The residual solvent amount after stretching was 0.1% by mass. In this way, a cellulose acylate film T4 was obtained. The thickness of the obtained film was 97 μm, Re (550) was 138 nm, and Rth (550) was 85 nm. Here, as Re (550) and Rth (550), values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) were used. The draw ratio was 42%.

(Preparation of patterning retardation film 8)
On the glass substrate, Re (550) = 275 nm, and the direction of slow axis orientation of 90 degrees of the disk-like liquid crystalline compound (DLC) coated and uncoated portions alternately patterned with a period of 282 μm A phase difference layer was produced on a glass substrate. The average inclination angle of the disk surface of the DLC with respect to the film surface was 90 °, and it was confirmed that the DLC was oriented perpendicular to the film surface. The state of the formed retardation layer was examined, and it was confirmed that there was no coating unevenness (unevenness generated when the coating solution was repelled by the alignment film) or alignment disorder. This was transferred onto the cellulose acylate film T4 to prepare a patterned retardation film 8 in which Re (550) = 138 nm and the direction of the slow axis were alternately patterned at 0 ° and 90 ° in a cycle of 282 μm. Further, a surface layer (antireflection layer) was formed in the same procedure as the patterning retardation film 1. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was -25 nm (that is, retardation region A) for the DLC-coated portion, and 85 nm (that is, retardation region B) for the DLC-uncoated portion. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in the DLC coated part and reverse dispersion in the DLC uncoated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 9:
<< Preparation of norbornene film N1 >>
A norbornene-based film N1 was produced by subjecting a commercially available norbornene-based polymer film “ZEONOR ZF14” (manufactured by Optes Co., Ltd.) to a free end uniaxial stretching at a stretching ratio of 45% at a temperature of 156 ° C. The norbornene-based film N1 had Re (550) of 138 nm and Rth (550) of 85 nm. Here, as Re (550) and Rth (550), values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) were used.

(Preparation of patterning retardation film 9A)
On the glass substrate, the coated portion and the uncoated portion of the discotic liquid crystalline compound (DLC) having Re (550) of 275 nm and a slow axis direction of 90 degrees alternately with a period of 282 μm. A patterned retardation layer was produced on a glass substrate. The average inclination angle of the disk surface of the DLC with respect to the film surface was 90 °, and it was confirmed that the DLC was oriented perpendicular to the film surface. The state of the formed retardation layer was examined, and it was confirmed that there was no coating unevenness (unevenness generated when the coating solution was repelled by the alignment film) or alignment disorder. This was transferred onto a norbornene-based film N1 to prepare a patterned retardation film 9A in which Re (550) = 138 nm and the direction of the slow axis were alternately patterned at a period of 282 μm at 0 ° and 90 °.

(Preparation of patterning retardation film 9)
After producing the surface layer used for preparation of the patterning phase difference film 1 on the glass substrate, the surface layer is peeled off and bonded to the side where the coating layer of the patterning phase difference film 9A is not present with an adhesive. 9 was produced. Moreover, Rth (550) of the whole retardation film was -25 nm (namely, phase difference area | region A) for a DLC coating part, and 85 nm (namely, phase difference area B) for a DLC uncoated part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in the DLC coated part and flat dispersion in the DLC uncoated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 10:
(Preparation of patterning retardation film 10)
The support surface of the optical film 6B with a surface layer (antireflection layer) was bonded to the side without the coating layer of the patterning retardation film 9A via an easy-adhesion layer to prepare the patterning retardation film 10. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was -25 nm (that is, retardation region A) for the DLC-coated portion, and 85 nm (that is, retardation region B) for the DLC-uncoated portion. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in the DLC coated part and flat dispersion in the DLC uncoated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 11:
(Preparation of patterning retardation film 11)
A retardation layer obtained by alternately patterning the discotic liquid crystalline compound (DLC) so that Re (550) is 138 nm and the direction of the slow axis is 0 degree and 90 degrees in a cycle of 282 μm is formed on a glass substrate. Made above. The average inclination angle of the disk surface of the DLC with respect to the film surface was 90 °, and it was confirmed that the DLC was oriented perpendicular to the film surface. The state of the formed retardation layer was examined, and it was confirmed that there was no coating unevenness (unevenness generated when the coating solution was repelled by the alignment film) or alignment disorder. This was transferred onto “TD80UL” (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation) to prepare a patterning retardation film 11. Furthermore, a surface layer (antireflection layer) was formed in the same procedure as the patterning retardation film 1. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was −5 nm in any region. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in any region. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 12:
(Preparation of patterning retardation film 12)
In the production of the patterning retardation film 11, patterning was performed except that the discotic liquid crystalline compound (DLC) was changed to the rod-like liquid crystalline compound (RLC) and “TD80UL” (manufactured by Fujifilm) was changed to the cellulose acylate film T1. A patterning retardation film 12 was produced in the same manner as the method for producing the retardation film 11. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 70 nm in any region. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in any region. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 13:
<< Production of Cellulose Acylate Film T6 >>
Except for adjusting the thickness of the mainstream in the production of the cellulose acylate film T3. A cellulose acylate film T6 was produced in the same manner as the method for producing the cellulose acylate film T3. The in-plane retardation Re (550) was 0 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth (550) was −25 nm. Here, as Re (550) and Rth (550), values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) were used.

(Preparation of patterning retardation film 13)
In the production of the patterned retardation film 12, a patterned retardation film 13 was produced in the same manner as the production method of the patterned retardation film 12 except that the cellulose acylate film T1 was changed to the cellulose acylate film T6. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 45 nm in any region. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in any region. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 14:
<< Production of Cellulose Acylate Film T5 >>
In the production of the cellulose acylate film T2, except that the flow rate was adjusted so that the mainstream became 47 μm. A cellulose acylate film T5 having a thickness of 53 μm was produced in the same manner as the method for producing the cellulose acylate film T2. The in-plane retardation Re (550) was 1 nm, and the thickness direction retardation Rth (550) was 25 nm. Here, as Re (550) and Rth (550), values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) were used.

(Preparation of patterning retardation film 14)
In the production of the patterning phase difference film 1, a patterning phase difference film 14 was produced in the same manner as the method for producing the patterning phase difference film 1 except that the cellulose acylate film T1 was changed to the cellulose acylate film T5. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 95 nm (that is, retardation region B) in the RLC coating part, and -20 nm (that is, retardation region A) in the DLC coating part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 15:
(Preparation of patterning retardation film 15)
In the production of the patterning phase difference film 1, a patterning phase difference film 15 was produced in the same manner as the method for producing the patterning phase difference film 1 except that the cellulose acylate film T1 was changed to the cellulose acylate film T6. Rth (550) of the whole retardation film was 45 nm for the RLC coated part and -70 nm for the DLC coated part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 16:
(Preparation of patterning retardation film 16)
In the production of the patterning retardation film 1, the production method of the patterning retardation film 1 is the same as that of the patterning retardation film 1 except that the orientation directions of the rod-like liquid crystal compound (RLC) and the discotic liquid crystal compound (DLC) are rotated 90 degrees. Patterning retardation film 16 was produced. Rth (550) of the entire retardation film was 70 nm (that is, retardation region B) in the RLC coated part, and -45 nm (that is, retardation region A) in the DLC coated part. The Re wavelength dispersion of the entire retardation film was forward dispersion in both the RLC coated part and the DLC coated part. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

Preparation of patterning retardation film 17:
(Preparation of patterning retardation film 17A)
A commercially available cellulose acylate film TD80UL (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation) was prepared. After passing TD80UL through a dielectric heating roll having a temperature of 60 ° C. and raising the film surface temperature to 40 ° C., an alkali solution having the composition shown below is applied to one side of the film using a bar coater. ^It was transported for 10 seconds under a steam far-infrared heater manufactured by Noritake Company Limited, which was applied at ² and heated to 110 ° C. Subsequently, 3 mL / m ^{2 of} pure water was applied using the same bar coater. Next, washing with a fountain coater and draining with an air knife were repeated three times, and then transported to a drying zone at 70 ° C. for 10 seconds for drying.
<Alkaline solution composition>
────────────────────────────────────
Alkaline solution composition (parts by mass)
────────────────────────────────────
Potassium hydroxide 4.7 parts by weight Water 15.8 parts by weight Isopropanol 63.7 parts by weight Surfactant SF-1: C ₁₄ H ₂₉ O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) ₂₀ H 1.0 part by weight Propylene glycol 14. 8 parts by mass ────────────────────────────────────

(Preparation of transparent support with rubbing alignment film)
A rubbing alignment film coating solution having the following composition was continuously applied with a # 8 wire bar to the saponified surface of the prepared support. The alignment film was formed by drying with warm air of 60 ° C. for 60 seconds and further with warm air of 100 ° C. for 120 seconds. Next, a stripe mask having a lateral stripe width of 285 μm in the transmissive part and a lateral stripe width of 285 μm in the shielding part is arranged on the rubbing alignment film, and air-cooled with an illuminance of 2.5 mW / cm ² in the UV-C region under room temperature air. Using a metal halide lamp (manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.), ultraviolet rays were irradiated for 4 seconds to decompose the photoacid generator and generate an acidic compound, thereby forming a first retardation region alignment layer. Thereafter, a rubbing treatment was performed once in one direction at 500 rpm while maintaining an angle of 0 ° with respect to the stripe of the stripe mask, and a transparent support with a rubbing alignment film was produced. The alignment film had a thickness of 0.5 μm.
<Composition of coating liquid for forming alignment film>
3.9 parts by mass of polymer material for alignment film (PVA103, Kuraray Co., Ltd. polyvinyl alcohol)
Photoacid generator (S-2) 0.1 parts by weight Methanol 36 parts by weight Water 60 parts by weight

(Preparation of patterned optically anisotropic layer A)
The following coating liquid for optically anisotropic layer was applied at a coating amount of 4 mL / m ² using a bar coater. Next, after aging for 2 minutes at a film surface temperature of 110 ° C., it was cooled to 80 ° C. and irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 20 seconds using an air-cooled metal halide lamp (made by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.) of 20 mW / cm ^{2 in} the air. Then, the patterned optical anisotropic layer A was formed by fixing the orientation state. In the mask exposure part (first retardation region), the discotic liquid crystal is vertically aligned with the slow axis direction parallel to the rubbing direction, and the unexposed part (second retardation region) is perpendicularly aligned perpendicularly. Was. The film thickness of the optically anisotropic layer was 0.95 μm. The state of the formed retardation layer was examined, and it was confirmed that there was no coating unevenness (unevenness generated when the coating solution was repelled by the alignment film) or alignment disorder.

<Composition for optical anisotropic layer>
Discotic liquid crystal E-1 100 parts by mass alignment film interface alignment agent (II-1) 3.0 parts by mass air interface alignment agent (P-1) 0.4 parts by mass photopolymerization initiator 3.0 parts by mass (Irgacure 907 , Manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.)
Sensitizer (Kayacure-DETX, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 1.0 part by mass Methyl ethyl ketone 400 parts by mass

The first retardation region and the second retardation region of the formed patterned optically anisotropic layer A were each TOF-SIMS (time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, TOF-SIMS V manufactured by ION-TOF). In the first retardation region and the second retardation region, the abundance ratio of the photoacid generator S-2 in the corresponding alignment layer is 8 to 92, and in the first retardation region, It was found that S-2 was almost decomposed. In the optically anisotropic layer, the cation of II-1 and the anion BF ₄ ^{− of} acid HBF4 generated from the photoacid generator S-2 are present at the air interface in the first retardation region. Was confirmed. These ions were hardly observed at the air interface in the second retardation region, and it was found that II-1 cations and Br ⁻ were present in the vicinity of the alignment film interface. The abundance ratio of each ion at the air interface was 93: 7 for II-1 cations and 90:10 for BF ₄ ⁻ . From this, the alignment film interface aligning agent (II-1) is unevenly distributed at the alignment film interface in the second retardation region, but the uneven distribution is reduced in the first retardation region and also at the air interface. In the first retardation region, it can be understood that diffusion of the II-1 cation is promoted by anion exchange between the generated acid HBF ₄ and II-1.

(Evaluation of optically anisotropic layer)
After peeling off the produced optically anisotropic layer from the transparent support, the average inclination angle of DLC was measured. The average inclination angle of the DLC disk surface with respect to the film surface was 90 °, and DLC was against the film surface. It was confirmed that the alignment was vertical. In addition, Re (550) of the first and second retardation regions was both 138 nm, and the direction of the slow axis was alternately patterned with 0 degree and 90 degrees in a cycle of 282 μm. In addition, Re wavelength dispersion was all forward dispersion.
Rth (550) of the first and second retardation regions was both -69 nm. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).
From this result, the discotic liquid crystal was mask-exposed to a PVA rubbing alignment film containing a photoacid generator in the presence of a pyridinium salt compound and a fluoroaliphatic group-containing copolymer, and then rubbed in one direction. By aligning on the alignment film, a patterned optically anisotropic layer having a first retardation region and a second retardation region which are vertically aligned and whose slow axes are orthogonal to each other is obtained. I understand that.

  A horizontal alignment DLC layer was applied only on the second retardation region of the optically anisotropic layer A in the same manner as the patterning retardation film 5 to prepare a patterning retardation film 17A.

(Preparation of optical film 17B with surface layer (antireflection layer))
In the production of the optical film 6B with the surface layer (antireflection layer), the surface is the same as the production method of the optical film 6B with the surface layer (antireflection layer) except that the cellulose acylate film T1 is changed to the cellulose acylate film T2. An optical film 17B with a layer (antireflection layer) was produced.

(Preparation of patterning retardation film 17)
The support surface of the optical film 17B with a surface layer (antireflection layer) was bonded to the support layer side of the patterning retardation film 17A via an easy-adhesion layer to prepare the patterning retardation film 17. The Rth (550) of the entire patterned retardation film 17 was 20 nm for the first retardation region (retardation region A) and 60 nm for the second retardation region (retardation region B). Re (550) of the first and second retardation regions was 138 nm, and the direction of the slow axis was alternately patterned at 0 ° and 90 ° in a cycle of 282 μm. In addition, Re wavelength dispersion was all forward dispersion. Here, Re (550), Rth (550), and Re wavelength dispersion were values measured at a wavelength of 550 nm using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).

3. Preparation of Polarizing Plate A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film having a thickness of 80 μm is dyed by dipping in an aqueous iodine solution having an iodine concentration of 0.05% by mass at 30 ° C. for 60 seconds, and then boric acid having a boric acid concentration of 4% by mass. While being immersed in an aqueous solution for 60 seconds, the film was longitudinally stretched 5 times the original length and then dried at 50 ° C. for 4 minutes to obtain a linearly polarizing film having a thickness of 20 μm.
Prepare alkali-saponified “WV-EA” (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation), sandwich one side with “WV-EA” and the other side with one of patterning retardation films 1 to 17 with a linear polarizing film Then, it stuck together using the adhesive and produced the polarizing plates 1-17. The combinations are shown in the table below.

Viewing angle white taste evaluation:
The pattern retardation plate and front polarizing plate used in the 3D monitor W220S (manufactured by Hyundai) are peeled off and the polarizing plates 1 to 16 are bonded to each other, and a 3D display having the same configuration as FIG. A device was made. Each polarizing plate was bonded with the linearly polarizing film on the liquid crystal cell side and the surface layer on the outside of the viewing side. The following table summarizes the relationship between the absorption axis of the linear polarizing film and the slow axes of the retardation regions A and B of the respective retardation films. In addition, the angle of the axis | shaft of the following table | surface is an angle specified as 0 degree in the left-right direction of a display surface, and the counterclockwise direction seen from the observer side is positive. Examples 1 to 12 and 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 in the following table are examples in which the same arrangement as the arrangement example shown in FIG. Example 13 is an example in which the same arrangement as the arrangement example shown in FIG.

Subsequently, each manufactured 3D display device is set to 3D display, with one eye displayed in white and the other eye displayed in black, and a measuring instrument (manufactured by BM-5A Topcon) is placed at the position through the glasses on the white display side. The whiteness of the glasses during rotation was measured. When the patterning period of the patterning retardation film is in the vertical direction, the crosstalk performance in 3D display in the vertical direction is deteriorated in principle, so it is important to improve the viewing angle performance in the horizontal direction. Therefore, based on the difference between the minimum value and the maximum value of the color tone v ′ in white display at an azimuth angle of 0 ° and a polar angle of 60 °, the following criteria were used for evaluation.
A: v ′ change of white display is less than 0.010 (coloration is not visually recognized at all and is allowed)
○: v ′ change of white display is 0.010 or more and less than 0.015 (acceptable to such an extent that a very slight tint is visually recognized)
Δ: v ′ change of white display is 0.015 or more and less than 0.020 (acceptable to the extent that slight tinting is visually recognized)
ΔΔ: v ′ change in white display is not less than 0.020 and less than 0.025 (saturation is perceivable but acceptable)
X: v 'change of white display is 0.025 or more (the color is intense and unacceptable)

The results are shown in the table below.

From the results shown in the above table, the 3D display devices of Examples 1 to 12 and 14 in which the retardation plates of the present invention are arranged in the same axial relationship as shown in FIG. It can be understood that there is little change in the color tone that occurs during white display in the left-right direction of the screen, and good 3D display characteristics are shown.
On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, since either of Rth <25 nm of the retardation region A of the retardation plate or Rth ≧ 25 nm of the retardation region B is not satisfied, when the glasses are rotated, the left and right directions of the screen It can be understood that a noticeable color change occurs during white display. Compared to the comparative example using patterning λ / 4 which is equal or smaller than the absolute value of Rth (for example, Rth is −5 nm in comparative example 1), in the examples of the present invention, It was an unexpected effect that the color change could be remarkably reduced.

In the thirteenth embodiment, the axial relationship is the arrangement shown in FIG. 1D, and the effect obtained by arranging the retardation plate of the present invention becomes remarkable in the vertical direction of the image display surface. However, since the pattern period is in the vertical direction of the image display surface, crosstalk occurs in the vertical direction of the image display surface even if the color change is reduced. Therefore, in order to obtain a well-balanced 3D display performance, the arrangement example of Examples 1 to 12 and 14, that is, the aspect adopting the arrangement of FIG.
In addition, although Examples 1-12 and 14 are Examples which employ | adopted the arrangement | positioning of Fig.1 (a), the absorption axis angle of a linearly-polarizing film shall be 135 degrees, and implementation which employ | adopted the arrangement | positioning of FIG.1 (c). When the example was produced and evaluated similarly, the effect similar to Examples 1-12 and 14 was acquired.

In Examples 1 to 12 and 14, the patterning cycle of the patterning retardation film is an example in the vertical direction of the image display surface, but the patterning cycle of the patterning retardation film is an example in the horizontal direction (lateral direction) of the image display surface. Was similarly evaluated. That is, the example which employ | adopted arrangement | positioning of Fig.2 (a) and (c) was produced similarly, and evaluated similarly.
However, when the patterning period of the patterning retardation film is in the horizontal direction, the crosstalk performance in the horizontal 3D display deteriorates in principle, so it is important to improve the viewing angle performance in the vertical direction. Therefore, the evaluation was made according to the same criteria as described above, based on the difference between the minimum value and the maximum value of the color v ′ in white display at an azimuth angle of 90 degrees and a polar angle of 60 degrees.

As a result, as in the above embodiment, the 3D display device of the embodiment in which the retardation plate of the present invention is arranged in the same axial relationship as shown in FIG. In the vertical direction of the screen, there was little change in color when white was displayed, and good 3D display characteristics were shown.
On the other hand, for the comparative example that does not satisfy either Rth <25 nm of the retardation region A of the retardation plate or Rth ≧ 25 nm of the retardation region B, when the glasses are rotated, white is displayed in the vertical direction of the screen. A noticeable color change occurred. Compared with the comparative example using the patterning λ / 4 which is equal or smaller (for example, Rth is −5 nm) as the absolute value of Rth, the embodiment of the present invention has a noticeable color tone. The ability to mitigate change is an unexpected effect.

  Further, in the example employing the arrangement shown in FIG. 2B or 2D, the effect of arranging the retardation plate of the present invention becomes remarkable in the left-right direction of the image display surface. However, since the pattern period is in the horizontal direction of the image display surface, even if the color change is reduced, crosstalk occurs in the horizontal direction of the image display surface. Therefore, in order to obtain a well-balanced 3D display performance, an aspect in which the arrangement of FIG. 2 (a) or (c) is adopted is preferable.

1 3D display device 2 Polarizing plate (polarized glasses)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Liquid crystal cell 12, 14 Linearly-polarizing film 16, 18 Optical compensation film 19 Protective film 20 Phase difference plate (phase difference plate of this invention)
21 retardation layer (retardation areas A and B)
22 Surface layer 24 λ / 4 plate 26 Linearly polarizing film BL Backlight

Claims (21)

A retardation plate including patterning retardation regions in which retardation regions A and B are alternately arranged, wherein the retardation regions A and B have in-plane slow axes in different directions or are different from each other. A retardation region having in-plane retardation;
The thickness direction retardation Rth (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the retardation region A satisfies Rth (550) <25 nm, and Rth (550) of the retardation region B satisfies 25 nm ≦ Rth (550) , A retardation plate in which retardation Rth (550) in the thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm of the retardation regions A and B satisfies | Rth (550) | ≦ 160 nm . The retardation plate according to claim 1, wherein the in-plane retardation Re of at least one of the retardation regions A and B exhibits forward wavelength dispersion or flat wavelength dispersion in the visible light region. Plane retardation Re (550), each lambda / 4 of the wavelength 550nm of the retardation regions A and B, and the in-plane slow axis αa and αb of the retardation regions A and B are orthogonal to each other according to claim 1 or retardation plate according to 2. Retardation plate according to any one of the phase difference regions A and B at least one of each of the in-plane slow axis αa and αb is claim is parallel or perpendicular to the periodic direction of the pattern 1-3. Each said retardation region A and B, consisting of a phase difference layer containing a liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state, or according to claim 1-4 comprising a retardation layer containing a liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state The phase difference plate of any one of Claims 1. The retardation region A consists of the phase difference layer containing discotic liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state, or claim 1-5 comprising a retardation layer containing a discotic liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state The phase difference plate of any one of these. Any the retardation region B, consisting of a phase difference layer containing a rod-like liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state, or according to claim 1-6 comprising a retardation layer containing a rod-like liquid crystal compound fixed in an alignment state The phase difference plate according to claim 1. Each said retardation region A and B, consisting of a birefringent polymer film, or a retardation plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7 including a birefringent polymer film. The Rth of the retardation region A (550) is a retardation plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, satisfying the Rth (550) ≦ -25nm. Retardation plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, having an anti-reflection layer on the outermost surface. Retardation plate according to any one of claims 1 to 10 including an ultraviolet absorber. At least a polarizing plate and the retardation plate; and a linear polarizing film in any one of claims 1 to 11. The in-plane retardation Re (550) of the retardation region A and B at a wavelength of 550 nm is λ / 4, the in-plane slow axes αa and αb of the retardation regions A and B are orthogonal to each other, and αa and The polarizing plate according to claim 12 , wherein an angle between each of αb and the absorption axis θ of the linearly polarizing film is 45 °. An image display element and a 3D display device having the polarizing plate according to claim 12 or 13 on a display surface side thereof. Re (550) of the retardation regions A and B of the retardation plate included in the polarizing plate is λ / 4, the in-plane slow axes αa and αb of the retardation regions A and B are orthogonal to each other, and αa and each and .alpha.b, 3D display apparatus according to claim 14 the angle is 45 ° with a straight line the absorption axis of the polarizing film θ included in the polarizing plate. The absorption axis of the polarizing plate is 45 ° or 135 °,
When the pattern period direction of the retardation plate included in the polarizing plate is the vertical direction of the display surface, the in-plane slow axis αa of the retardation region A is 90 °; or the position included in the polarizing plate When the pattern period direction of the phase difference plate is the horizontal direction of the display surface, the in-plane slow axis αa of the phase difference region A is 0 °;
The 3D display device according to claim 15 . The 3D display device according to claim 14 , wherein the image display element is a liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal cell. The 3D display device according to claim 17 , wherein the liquid crystal cell is a TN, OCB, or ECB mode liquid crystal cell. The 3D display device according to any one of claims 14 to 18 , wherein a linearly polarizing film included in the polarizing plate is also used for an image display function of the image display element. A 3D display device according to any one of claims 14 to 19 ,
A second polarizing plate for causing the right-eye and left-eye polarized images displayed on the 3D display device to enter the right and left eyes of an observer, respectively;
3D display system. The 3D display device displays a circularly polarized image for the right eye and the left eye, the second polarizing plate according to claim 20 which is a circularly polarizing plate having a linear polarization film and lambda / 4 phase difference film 3D display system.

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