JP5543193B2 - Eccentric chuck device and workpiece eccentric method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an eccentric chuck device used when machining an eccentric workpiece whose machining center is displaced from the gripping center.

For example, an eccentric chuck device that grips a workpiece when machining an eccentric workpiece whose machining center such as a crankshaft of an automobile is displaced from the gripping center is generally used.
As a conventional eccentric chuck, there is a chuck device disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this eccentric chuck, the slider and gripper are moved in the diameter direction of the main shaft by the drive device, and the workpiece is positioned and held by contacting the protrusion indexed according to the pin stroke of the workpiece to be processed. At the same time, the balance weight is moved and positioned in the direction opposite to the slider and the grip portion via the interlocking device.
It is constructed so that the balance collapse according to the eccentric distance from the spindle axis of the center of gravity of the eccentric chuck device due to the movement of the slider and the grip portion in the diameter direction is not canceled and increased by the movement of the balance weight. Yes.

  As an eccentricity adjusting mechanism of the chuck device, there is provided a rotating member which is provided between the slider and the balance weight and is pivotally supported on the chuck body so as to be rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the diameter direction. This rotating member is formed with pinion shafts that are located on opposite sides of the axis, and engages with a rack provided on the slider and balance weight so that the balance weight moves in the opposite direction in conjunction with the movement of the slider. Move.

JP 62-34708 A

However, in the chuck device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the eccentricity adjustment mechanism is complicated as described above, has a large number of parts, and must be extremely expensive.
Further, in this chuck device, the slider moving distance (eccentricity) is determined by the protruding lengths of a plurality of protrusions protruding from the stopper mounted on the chuck body, so that the eccentricity is limited and an arbitrary eccentricity is obtained. The machining center cannot be positioned for different types of workpieces having a core amount.

  Therefore, the present invention is capable of automatically aligning the machining center of an eccentric workpiece having an arbitrary outer shape with the rotation center of the main spindle without any special operation and having an easy-to-structure alignment mechanism. And it aims at providing the holding | grip method.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a chuck device mounted on a spindle of a machine tool, which transmits a driving force from a chuck body, a gripping means for gripping a workpiece, and a driving source. And a pair of moving members provided so as to be movable in the radial direction of the chuck by the driving force transmitted from the operating portion, and a gripping means is provided forwardly connected to one moving member, and the radius of the moving member A base member that moves in the radial direction in conjunction with movement in the direction, and a radial member that is connected to the other moving member and arranged radially outward of the chuck body. A counterweight that moves in a radial direction opposite to the moving direction is provided.

  In addition, the actuating portion is provided with a plunger provided so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction of the main shaft by the driving force of the driving source, and engages with the plunger and the actuating member, and the acting force in the axial direction from the plunger is It is characterized by comprising a lever that converts the moving force in the direction.

According to the present invention, the gripping means 2 and the counterweight 6 are decentered by the respective moving members 4a and 4b, which are formed by the actuating portions 3 arranged to correspond to the gripping means 2 and the counterweight 6, respectively. By the operation of one plunger 7, the gripping means 2 and the counterweight 6 can be eccentric in different directions with the same movement amount.
In addition, this makes it possible to move the gripping means 2 and the counterweight 6 in conjunction with each other and to move the same in synchronism with the amount of movement, with a simple structure. .

The longitudinal section of the chuck device of the present invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the state which performed eccentricity of the workpiece | work. Explanatory drawing which clarified the structure which decenters a holding means. Explanatory drawing which clarified the structure which decenters a counterweight.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the rear portion of the chuck body 1 is fixed by bolting to the tip of a main spindle of a machine tool (not shown).
A gripping means 2 that grips a workpiece is provided on the front side of the chuck body 1 so that the workpiece to be processed can be gripped.
The gripping means 2 has a gripping mechanism that is actuated by external driving means (not shown). In this embodiment, a collet chuck 18 is provided, and this collet chuck 18 is operated by a driving means (not shown) to grip and release the workpiece.

The above-described chuck body 1 has a hollow portion inward and includes an eccentric mechanism portion of the chuck. An operation unit 3 that transmits a driving force of a driving source (not shown) is provided inside the chuck body 1.
The actuating unit 3 is connected to a driving source, guided by a hollow portion of the chuck body 1, and provided with a plunger 7 capable of moving forward and backward in the direction of the rotational axis by the operation of an external driving source, and the axial direction of the plunger 7 The lever 8 is made rotatable by the above operation.

  The plunger 7 provided at the rotational axis position is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape concentrically with the rotational axis, and is provided so as to advance and retract in the axial direction in conjunction with the operation of the drive source. The outer periphery of the plunger 7 is formed with a recess 10 that engages with one outer end of the lever 8 to transmit the axial movement of the plunger 7 as the rotational movement of the lever 8.

The lever 8 is provided with two levers 8 symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation outward in the radial direction of the plunger, and is provided in the chuck body 1 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis orthogonal to the axis. It has been.
A lever 8 is formed in a dogleg shape and a lever shaft 9 is provided through substantially the center. The lever shaft 9 is connected to the chuck body 1 around a rotation axis orthogonal to the axis. The lever 8 is rotatably provided.

The lever 8 is disposed with one end side of the dogleg shape facing the axial direction and the other end side facing the front of the chuck body, one end side is engaged with the plunger 7, and the other end side is moved with the moving member 4. Is engaged. The plunger-side end 11, which is one end of the lever 8, is fitted into the recess 10 of the plunger 7 and engaged therewith, so that the operation in the axial direction of the plunger 7 is converted into the rotation of the lever 8 and transmitted. .
The moving member side end 12, which is the other end side of the lever 8, is provided so as to engage with the moving member 4 provided at the front inner side portion of the chuck body 1.

The moving member 4 is provided in a flat plate shape on the front side of the chuck of the lever 8, and is provided for each lever 8. That is, each of the levers 8 is provided with the moving member 4, and each of the moving members 4 is moved in the radial direction by the operating force of the drive source transmitted from the lever 8.
The moving member 4 is provided inward of the chuck body 1 and is disposed so as to be slidable in the radial direction while being guided by the chuck body 1. The rear surface of the moving member 4 is provided with a recess 13 for engaging with the moving member side end 12 which is the other end of the lever 8, and the moving member side end 12 of the lever 8 is connected to the moving member 4. By engaging in the recess 13, the acting force due to the rotation of the lever is applied as a moving force in the radial direction of the moving member 4.
The lever 8 and the moving member 4 described above are configured in pairs, and one of them drives the eccentric movement of the gripping means 2 by each driving, and the other moves the balance weight 6 in balance.

Of the pair of moving means 4, the moving means 4a on the gripping means 2 side is slidable in the radial direction by the rotation of the lever 8a.
A base member 5 is continuously provided in front of the chuck of the moving means 4a. The base member 5 is fixed to the moving means 4a by a bolt 16, and moves in the radial direction in conjunction with the movement of the moving means 4a in the radial direction.
The aforementioned gripping means 2 is fixed to the front of the chuck of the moving means 4a by a bolt 19, and the gripping means 2 is moved by the movement of the moving means 4a in the radial direction, and the eccentric operation of the work gripped by the gripping means 2 is performed. Can be performed.

Of the pair of moving means 4, the moving means 4b on the counterweight 6 side is slidable in the radial direction by the rotation of the lever 8b.
A counterweight 6 is continuously provided in front of the chuck of the moving means 4b. The counterweight 6 is fixed to the moving means 4b by a bolt 17, and is moved in the radial direction in conjunction with the movement of the moving means 4b in the radial direction.

The counterweight 6 is disposed outside the outer periphery of the chuck body 1, and the counterweight 6a and the counterweight 6b are integrally provided on both sides of the symmetrical position with respect to the rotation axis.
Thereby, the movement of the center of gravity can be applied to the chuck body 1 as much as the counterweight 6 moves in the radial direction. At this time, the plunger 7, the lever 8 a, and the lever 8 b, which are the operation unit 3, have the same shape and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis.

Next, a work eccentricity method using the apparatus of this embodiment will be described.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the chuck device when a workpiece is attached to the collet chuck 18 which is the gripping means 2.
In this state, the rotation axis CL that is the center of the chuck body 1 is the center of the gripping means 2 and the counterweight 6.

From this state, when the work is eccentric, the plunger 7 is moved backward in the axial direction by an external drive source. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the chuck device in a state where the plunger 7 is retracted and the workpiece is eccentric.
At this time, the gripping means 2 moves to the one side (downward in FIG. 2) by the distance X with respect to the center CL of the chuck body 1 to become the center CLx of the gripping means 2, and the counterweight 6 is on the other side (in FIG. 2). Upward) is moved by the distance Y and becomes the center CLy of the counterweight 6.

When the plunger 7 is retracted in the axial direction by an external driving source, the plunger-side end portion 11 of the lever 8 fitted in the recess 10 provided in the plunger 7 is moved rearward as the plunger 7 is retracted.
Since such a configuration is provided to correspond to the gripping means 2 and the counterweight 6, respectively, the gripping means 2 and the counterweight 6 are decentered in different directions by the same movement amount by the operation of the puller 7. be able to.

Each operation will be described separately below.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram clarifying the configuration for decentering the gripping means 2. In FIG. 3, the configuration for decentering the gripping means 2 is indicated by a thick line, and the other elements are indicated by thin lines.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram clarifying the configuration for decentering the counterweight 6. In FIG. 4, the configuration for decentering the counterweight 6 is indicated by a thick line, and the other elements are indicated by thin lines.

First, the operation of decentering the gripping means 2 will be described based on FIG.
By the backward movement of the plunger 7, the plunger side end portion 11a of the lever 8a is pulled backward. By this acting force, the lever 8a rotates around the lever shaft 9a, and the moving member side end 12a of the lever 8a rotates in the axial direction.
Since the moving member side end 12a of the lever 8a is fitted in the recess 13a of the moving member 4a, the moving member 4a is guided by the chuck body 1 and is slid in the axial direction.
Since the base member 5 is fixed to the moving member 4a forward with the bolt 16, the base member 5 is moved to one side (downward in FIG. 3) as the moving means 4a moves.
The gripping means 2 is fixed to the front of the base member 5 with bolts 19, and the gripping means 2 moves to the one side (downward in FIG. 3) by a distance X as the base member 5 moves in the axial direction. Then, the center of the gripping means 2, that is, the center of the workpiece is set to CLx.

Next, the operation of decentering the counterweight 6 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the operation of decentering the gripping means 2 will be described based on FIG.
By the backward movement of the plunger 7, the plunger side end portion 11b of the lever 8b is pulled backward. By this acting force, the lever 8b rotates around the lever shaft 9b, and the moving member side end 12b of the lever 8b rotates in the axial direction.
Since the moving member side end 12b of the lever 8b is fitted in the recess 13b of the moving member 4b, the moving member 4b is guided by the chuck body 1 and is slid in the axial direction.
Since the counterweight 6 is fixed to the moving member 4b forward by the bolt 17, the counterweight 6 is moved to the other side (upward in FIG. 3) along with the moving means 4b, that is, the moving direction of the gripping means 2 described above. Is moved by the distance Y in the opposite direction, and the center of the counterweight 6 is set to CLy.

At this time, if the levers 8a and 8b arranged to correspond to the gripping means 2 and the counterweight 6 are formed in the same shape, the gripping means 2 and the counterweight 6 are the same by the operation of one puller 7. Eccentricity can be performed in different directions depending on the amount of movement.
That is, the distance X by which the gripping means 2 moves to one side (downward in FIG. 3) is equal to the distance Y by which the counterweight 6 moves to the other side (upward in FIG. 3). (X = Y Become)
Thus, the eccentric operation of the gripping means 2 and the counterweight 6 can be moved in conjunction with each other, and the movement can be similarly performed with the movement amount being synchronized with a simple structure.

  In the present embodiment, the movable member 4 is driven by the configuration of the plunger 7 and the lever 8 which are the operation parts 3, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is used in the operation part of a normal chuck device. The effect of the present invention can be expressed in a similar manner.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Chuck body 2 Gripping means 3 Actuating part 4 Moving member 5 Base member 6 Counterweight 7 Plunger 8 Lever 9 Lever shaft

Claims (2)

A chuck device mounted on a spindle of a machine tool, the chuck body fixed to the spindle;
A gripping means for gripping the workpiece;
An operating part for transmitting a driving force by a driving source;
A pair of moving members provided to be movable in the radial direction of the chuck by the driving force transmitted from the operating portion;
A base member that is connected to one moving member and has gripping means forward and moves in the radial direction in conjunction with the radial movement of the moving member;
A counterweight connected to the other moving member and disposed radially outward of the chuck body is provided to move in a radial direction opposite to the moving direction of the base member in conjunction with the radial movement of the moving member. An eccentric chuck device characterized by that. A plunger provided so that the operating portion can be advanced and retracted in the axial direction of the main shaft by a driving force of a driving source;
The eccentric chuck device according to claim 1, further comprising a lever that engages the plunger and the operating member and converts an acting force in the axial direction from the plunger into a moving force in the radial direction of the moving member.

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