JP5535967B2 - Vehicle washing system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle washing system for washing a railway vehicle or the like using pure water for washing a car from which impurities such as silica are removed by a reverse osmosis membrane method.

  If the railcar window glass is soiled, (1) use fluorine-based chemicals to dissolve and remove the deposits on the glass surface, or (2) use strong acidic chemicals to remove the deposits. A method of dissolving and removing, (3) polishing and scraping off deposits with a polishing compound, or (4) replacing a damaged glass with a new glass is employed. And after recovering a window glass to a transparent state (state without cloudiness pollution), as a continuing operation | work, the railway vehicle is wash | cleaned. As water for car washing, industrial water, well water and tap water are exclusively used, and data such as FIG. 4 is obtained as the water quality.

As a result of various studies by the present inventor on the influence of water quality car wash water as shown in FIG. 4 on railway vehicles, the following problems have been clarified.
First, the iron and manganese components may oxidize and cause red rust and black dirt to adhere to the vehicle body, and the hardness (Mg, Ca) component causes white powdery residue to adhere and until the next cleaning. There was a problem that this was not removed.
In addition, silica (SiO ₂ ) that dissolves in ionic form in car-washing water leaves soot-like white deposits on the window glass, but since silica is the same component as glass and has strong bonding power, However, it is accumulated every time the cleaning operation is performed, and scaly cloudiness is generated. Finally, there is a problem that the window glass is clouded like “ground glass”.

  These problems are caused by the quality of the water used for washing, so even if the water drops remaining on the glass surface after car washing are wiped off or blown off by compressed air or a fan, it is a fundamental solution. It will not be. There is also a method of removing silica by the ion exchange method, but in the ion exchange method, hydrochloric acid or caustic soda has to be used for resin regeneration washing, and there is a problem of environmental pollution due to wastewater, and extra equipment for wastewater treatment. And there is a problem that costs are required.

  Therefore, in order to solve these problems, the present applicant has previously obtained a patent as a “car wash method and silica removal system” (Japanese Patent No. 2951588). A patent application has been filed as “Silica removal system with finishing water tower” (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-70953). For vehicle washing using these systems, the drug stock solution is diluted with water to adjust the concentration to the appropriate level, and then sprayed onto the car wash vehicle, where the drug reacts with the interface to remove dirt from the car body with a brush. This is a method of removing dirt that has floated from the vehicle with water. At that time, tap water, industrial water, and the like are used as water for diluting the drug stock solution.

  When the chemical diluted with tap water or industrial water is sprayed on the vehicle and reacts with the dirt on the vehicle, the dirt is lifted off from the vehicle and peeled off, and then removed by the brush to remove the dirt. In order to remove more effectively, it is conceivable to increase the ability of the drug or use a drug having a high capacity. However, there is a limit to increasing the ability of the medicine, and a medicine with high ability may be expensive or cause problems in wastewater treatment.

  By the way, the water used in the vehicle base where the vehicle is cleaned includes groundwater and industrial water. In particular, most of the depots constructed in the early days are facilities that use groundwater. In addition, there are many facilities that use industrial water from the economical point of view in the vehicle base near the city. In addition, recycled water, which is water treated so that water used in the base can be reused, is used. Therefore, when washing vehicles, not only tap water but also ground water, industrial water, recycled water, and the like may be used.

  However, those waters including tap water contain impurities such as floating substances in addition to hardness (Mg, Ca) components, iron components and manganese components. When the drug is diluted with water containing such impurities, the impurities and the active ingredient of the drug are combined, and the cleaning effect of the drug is reduced.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the cleaning effect by using RO treated water as the drug dilution water. In addition, even when the raw water used for the production of RO treated water is ground water, industrial water, recycled water, etc., the RO membrane is clogged by removing impurities such as iron and manganese components contained in the water. Is to prevent. And it makes it a subject to aim at the stable manufacture of RO treated water, and prevention of damage to RO membrane.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is a vehicle washing system that removes dirt with a brush and rinses with water after a chemical washing treatment with a chemical, and comprises groundwater, industrial water, or tap water. A raw water tank that stores raw water for car washing, a sand filter device that consists of a double layer composed of a filter medium made of anthracite on the sand layer , and sodium hypochlorite is injected into the water and contained in the water. After removing the iron component to be deposited as iron hydroxide and removing the iron hydroxide with a filter medium , and then injecting sodium hypochlorite into the water to oxidize the manganese component in the water A pretreatment device for filtering the raw water for car washing, and an activated carbon filtration device equipped with activated carbon that adsorbs free chlorine and organic matter of the filtrate from the pretreatment device . Said activity A water softening device having a regeneration function of the ion exchange resin by capturing a hardness component containing Ca and Mg with the ion exchange resin from the treated water of the filtration device and having a salt water tank, and the water softening device A guard filter for removing fine dust contained in the treated water, a silica removing device for removing ionic silica from the water that has passed through the guard filter by a reverse osmosis membrane method, and RO treated water obtained from the silica removing device A chemical water diluted with RO treated water from the treatment water tank, and a drug spraying part spraying the diluted chemical on the vehicle, and diluted from the chemical spraying part A watering brushing cleaning unit that performs brushing while spraying raw water on a vehicle sprayed with a medicine, and a watering brush cleaning unit that follows the watering brushing cleaning unit. By spraying raw water from the water, the pre-cleaning part for washing away the diluted chemicals and dirt, the pre-cleaning part, are arranged at a distance in the range of 2 to 50 m, and the RO treated water from the treated water tank It is a vehicle washing system characterized by comprising a finishing washing part supplied with .

In the following, the pre-cleaning unit and the finish cleaning unit may be referred to as a water cleaning unit.

Furthermore, the present invention is used for washing a business vehicle having a lot of window glass such as a railway vehicle or a bus, and is used in the vehicle washing system according to claim 1 or 2. Even a vehicle cleaning system is preferable .

  According to the present invention, the cleaning effect can be improved by using the RO-treated water as the drug dilution water. In other words, the drug is diluted with water from which components that reduce the cleaning effect are eliminated, and the cleaning effect can be improved without changing the drug. Further, according to the present invention, even when the raw water used for the production of RO treated water is groundwater, the RO membrane is clogged by removing impurities such as iron components and manganese components contained in the water. Can be prevented. And thereby, RO process water can be manufactured stably and damage to RO membrane can be prevented.

It is a block diagram which shows one Example of the vehicle washing system of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the silica removal system applied to the vehicle washing system of FIG. The principle of a reverse osmosis membrane method is illustrated. The water quality of the car-washing water for rail vehicles is illustrated.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a vehicle washing system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a silica removal system applied to the vehicle washing system of FIG. The vehicle cleaning system of this embodiment is used for cleaning railway vehicles.

  First, the silica removal system will be described. This silica removal system includes a pretreatment device 1 that filters raw water for car washing, a silica removal device 2 that removes silica from filtrate water from the pretreatment device 1, and an RO ( Reverse Osmosis) A treated water tank 3 for storing treated water and a raw water tank 3A for storing raw water for car washing are provided. In this embodiment, ground water, industrial water, tap water, or the like is used as raw water for car washing.

  The pretreatment device 1 is composed of three devices: a sand filtration device 4, an iron removal filtration device 5, and a manganese removal filtration device 6. The sand filtration device 4 is a device that removes suspended substances by passing water through a double layer constituted by laminating a filter medium made of anthracite on a sand layer. The iron removal filtration device 5 is a device that injects sodium hypochlorite into water supplied to the device, precipitates iron components contained in the water as iron hydroxide, and removes the iron hydroxide with a filter medium. is there. The manganese removal filtration device 6 is a device that, like the iron removal filtration device 5, injects sodium hypochlorite into the supplied water, oxidizes the manganese component contained in the water, and then removes it with a filter medium. is there.

  Since the pretreatment device 1 of the present embodiment is configured as described above, impurities such as suspended substances, iron components, and manganese components can be reliably removed from the raw water for car washing. And the filtered water processed by the pre-processing apparatus 1 is sent to the silica removal apparatus 2 mentioned later.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the silica removing device 2 includes an activated carbon filtration device 7, a water softening device 8, a salt water tank 9, a guard filter 10, a booster pump 11, an RO membrane module 12, and an RO system control for controlling each part of the device. It consists of a panel 13 and the like. The activated carbon filtration device 7 is a device that adsorbs and removes free chlorine, organic substances, and the like from the filtered water from the pretreatment device 1 by using the adsorption capability of porous activated carbon.

  The water softening device 8 is a device that removes hardness components (Ca, Mg), which are scale components, from the treated water of the activated carbon filtration device 7. If the scale component is concentrated in the RO membrane module 12, calcium ions may be precipitated as calcium carbonate. To prevent this, the water softening device 8 removes the hardness component in advance. The specific configuration of the water softening device 8 is not particularly limited, but the hardness component is captured by the ion exchange resin R based on the formula [1]. In addition, since reproduction | regeneration will be needed if Na is substituted by Ca or Mg, the salt water tank 9 is provided and the reproduction | regeneration operation | work shown by [Equation 2] is performed suitably.

The RO membrane module 12 removes ions and heavy metals from the raw water based on the principle of the reverse osmosis membrane method shown in FIG. 3, and reliably removes harmful silica from window glass from the washing water for railway vehicles. Has been removed. As shown in FIG. 3, the reverse osmosis method (Reverse Osmosis) principle shows that when the dilute solution and the concentrated solution contact each other across the semipermeable membrane, the solvent on the dilute solution side permeates the concentrated solution side (a), An osmotic pressure difference P ₀ is generated and balanced (b). On the other hand, when a pressure P equal to or higher than the osmotic pressure is applied to the concentrated solution side, the solvent moves toward the dilute solution (c). Therefore, the output of the guard filter 10 is pressurized by the booster pump 11 and added to the RO membrane module 12, and the RO membrane water 12a and the RO concentrated water (RO drainage) 12b are discharged from the RO membrane module 12 (FIG. 2). ). The guard filter 10 protects the RO membrane by removing fine dust from the water supplied from the water softening device 8.

  Since the silica removing device 2 of the present embodiment is configured as described above, not only the silica component but also impurities such as hardness components are reliably removed from the filtered water from the pretreatment device 1. Then, the RO treated water is stored in the treated water tank 3, and a necessary amount is output to the RO treated water using device. Further, when the RO apparatus is stopped, the emergency valve V is opened and the raw water is supplied, so that the treated water tank 3 is not emptied.

  On the other hand, a raw water tank 3A is prepared separately from the treated water tank 3 for RO treated water. Raw water such as ground water is stored in the raw water tank 3A, and the pretreatment device 1 is supplied from the raw water tank 3A by a water pump 14. Raw water is supplied. In addition, the raw water in the raw water tank 3A is supplied to a vehicle washing system, which will be described later, by a water pump 15. In the raw water tank 3A, the RO concentrated water 12b output from the silica removing device 2 can also be mixed and stored, and water can be effectively used if configured in this way.

  Since the silica removing device 2 removes silica by the reverse osmosis membrane method, the silica removing device 2 can be configured to be small (space-saving) and inexpensive, and can be easily added to an existing cleaning system. Moreover, no special consideration is required for wastewater treatment, and RO concentrated water (RO wastewater) can be effectively used in the cleaning system. In general, the silica content of RO-treated water is preferably low. However, if the silica content is 8 ppm or less, it is clear from the research of the present inventors that the silica content is 8 ppm or less. It is desirable to remove the content to 8 ppm or less.

  Next, a vehicle washing system provided with the silica removal system will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle washing system includes a chemical washing machine 16, a fresh water washing machine 17, and a finishing water tower 18, and is divided into a chemical spraying unit, a watering brushing washing unit, and a water washing unit. The water washing part of this embodiment is divided into a pre-washing part by the fresh water washing machine 17 and a finishing washing part by the finishing water tower 18, and the finishing washing part is arranged at the final stage of the water washing part. . That is, the fresh water washing machine 17 is divided into a watering brushing washing part and a pre-washing part, and the water washing part follows the watering brushing washing part of the vehicle washing system and the pre-washing part. It is divided into a finishing cleaning section that performs final finishing cleaning.

  Since the vehicle washing system of the present embodiment is configured as described above, the washing of the railway vehicle is performed in the order of the chemical washing machine 16, the fresh water washing machine 17, and the finishing water tower 18. Specifically, first, in the chemical washing machine 16, a chemical washing process is performed by the chemical from the chemical nozzle 16a. The drug is obtained by diluting the stock solution of the drug with the RO-treated water from the treated water tank 3. The drug is diluted by supplying the RO treatment water from the treatment water tank 3 to the medicine tank 20 by the water pump 19 and supplying the drug stock solution into the medicine tank 20. The diluted medicine in the medicine tank 20 is supplied from the medicine tank 20 to the medicine washer 16 by the water pump 21.

  And in the watering brushing washing | cleaning part of the fresh water washing machine 17, water is injected from the fresh water nozzle 17b with respect to rotation of the washing brush 17a etc. with respect to the vehicle which received the chemical | medical agent for washing | cleaning in the chemical washing machine 16. Wash the vehicle. In the pre-cleaning section that follows the watering brushing cleaning section, the chemicals, dirt, and the like are washed away by jetting water from the cleaning water nozzle 17c. At this time, the raw water is supplied from the raw water tank 3A to the fresh water nozzle 17b and the washing water nozzle 17c by the water feed pump 15.

  Further, in the finishing cleaning section of the finishing water tower 18, water is jetted from the finishing water nozzle 18a to perform final cleaning. At this time, the RO treated water is supplied from the treated water tank 3 to the finishing water nozzle 18a by the water pump 22.

  By the way, the pre-cleaning section and the finish cleaning section are arranged at a distance. This is to prevent the effect of the RO treated water from diminishing even if the RO treated water is used while the silica-containing water in the pre-cleaning section does not flow down from the vehicle body. It is preferable to perform the final cleaning with the RO treatment water before the cleaning water from the previous process flows down from the vehicle body and does not dry. Thereby, the consumption of RO treated water can be reduced, and as a result, the silica removing device 2 can be made into a small scale having a relatively small water production capacity, and the initial cost and running cost can be reduced.

  The separation distance between the pre-cleaning unit and the finish cleaning unit can be appropriately set in consideration of the external environment such as the temperature, the amount of water used in the finish cleaning unit, the number of nozzles, the traveling speed of the vehicle, etc. It should be set to about 2m or more. In this embodiment, it is set in the range of about 2 m to 50 m.

  In addition, scaly fouling due to silica fusion to the window glass is considered to be due to the fact that impurities in water droplets remaining on the glass surface are firmly condensed and condensed to crystallize on the glass surface. Therefore, even if non-treated water containing silica is used at the time of liquid washing before the finish washing section, there is no inconvenience from using RO-treated water before the non-treated water dries. That is, the washing water in the previous stage is washed away by the final RO treatment water, and only the RO treatment water remains on the glass surface, so that the window glass is not contaminated with white turbidity.

  In the silica removal device 2 described above, it has been confirmed that 90% or more of ionic silica is removed, and the fluctuation of the removal rate is small. For example, water with a silica content of 40 ppm is used. However, RO-treated water having a silica content of 4 ppm or less is obtained, and the cloudiness of the window glass of the railway vehicle does not occur. If the silica content is 8 ppm or less, white turbidity (white cloudiness) does not occur even after repeated car washing.

  According to the vehicle cleaning system of the present embodiment, since the RO-treated water is used as the drug dilution water, the cleaning effect of the drug can be improved as compared with the case where tap water or industrial water is used. it can. This is because the RO-treated water does not contain a component that inhibits the cleaning ability of the medicine, so that the ability of the medicine can be effectively extracted and the cleaning effect of the medicine can be sufficiently exerted. Accordingly, the vehicle body can be well cleaned, the vehicle body can be finished more beautifully, and the surface of the vehicle body can be maintained with a glossy painted surface. Further, by using RO-treated water as the drug dilution water, the concentration of the drug can be reduced as compared with the case where tap water or industrial water is used. Thereby, the usage-amount of a chemical | medical agent can be decreased and environmental pollution can be reduced. Moreover, since the usage-amount of a chemical | medical agent can be decreased, the cost concerning a chemical | medical agent can be reduced, and it is economical.

  According to the vehicle washing system of the present embodiment, even when ground water or industrial water is used as raw water, iron components and manganese components contained in those waters can be reliably removed, up to the quality of drinking water standards Can be improved. Thereby, clogging of the RO membrane can be prevented. And thereby, RO process water can be manufactured stably and damage to RO membrane can be prevented. Therefore, the allowable range of water quality that can be supplied to the RO membrane can be expanded as compared with the conventional case, and various types of water can be used. Therefore, the vehicle washing system of the present invention can be used at vehicle bases nationwide that use groundwater and the like, leading to the expansion of the places of use. Moreover, since it can respond to various kinds of water, it can be used for industrial water with little utility value because it contains a lot of impurities, which is environmentally friendly and economical.

  According to the vehicle washing system of the present embodiment, the water quality is improved by the reverse osmosis membrane method. Therefore, when water quality is improved using chemicals, there is a problem of environmental pollution due to wastewater, and extra equipment and costs are required for wastewater treatment, but such problems arise in the reverse osmosis membrane method. Therefore, adverse effects on the environment can be suppressed.

  Moreover, according to the vehicle washing system of the present embodiment, the RO treated water is used only in the chemical spraying unit and the finish washing unit, and the RO concentrated water 12b output from the silica removing device 2 is returned to the raw water tank 3A and pre-washed. It is a configuration that can be effectively used in a department. Moreover, the RO treated water can be used more efficiently by keeping a distance between the pre-cleaning section and the finish cleaning section.

  Therefore, compared with the case where RO treatment water is supplied also to the watering brushing washing part, RO treatment water can be drastically saved. Therefore, the scale of the silica removal system can be further reduced, and the cost can be reduced. Moreover, even with this method, the quality of the finish cleaning is not deteriorated, and scaly fouling of the window glass is surely prevented. That is, since the RO-treated water is used in the final stage of the cleaning process, it is possible to reliably prevent scale-like cloudiness due to the strong adhesion of silica to the window glass. This was clarified by conducting water quality surveys at a plurality of locations in the finish cleaning section and examining the silica content and the like. In addition, since the grinding | polishing operation | work for removing scaly fouling and the removal operation | work with a chemical | medical agent become unnecessary, a running cost etc. can be reduced.

  The vehicle washing system of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate. For example, although the finishing water tower 18 is installed in the embodiment, it can be omitted. In this case, the pre-cleaning section becomes a water cleaning section, and RO treated water is supplied to this water cleaning section.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the pre-processing apparatus 1 was comprised from three apparatuses, the sand filter apparatus 4, the iron removal filter apparatus 5, and the manganese removal filter apparatus 6, one or two of these apparatuses were comprised. You may comprise from one. That is, the pretreatment device 1 is appropriately selected according to the type of raw water to be supplied.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although it was used for washing | cleaning of a railway vehicle, it can be used suitably also for a business vehicle with many window glass, such as a bus | bath, and as before, every time cleaning operation is repeated, scaly fouling | fouling is carried out. It won't be terrible and detract from the enjoyment of the user's journey.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pretreatment apparatus 2 Silica removal apparatus 3 Treated water tank 4 Sand filtration apparatus 5 Iron removal filtration apparatus 6 Manganese removal filtration apparatus 16a Drug nozzle (drug spraying part)
17a Cleaning brush (watering brush cleaning unit)
17b Fresh water nozzle (watering brushing washing part)
17c Washing water nozzle (pre-cleaning section, water cleaning section)
18a Finishing water nozzle (finishing washing part, water washing part)

Claims (2)

It is a vehicle washing system that removes dirt with a brush and rinses with water after chemical washing with chemicals.
A raw water tank for storing raw water for car washing consisting of ground water, industrial water, or tap water;
A sand filtration device consisting of a double layer constructed by laminating an anthracite filter material on the sand layer , injecting sodium hypochlorite into the water, and precipitating the iron component contained in the water as iron hydroxide , A iron removal filter that removes the iron hydroxide with a filter medium , and a manganese removal filter that injects sodium hypochlorite into water to oxidize the manganese component contained in the water and then removes it with the filter medium A pretreatment device for filtering raw water for car wash,
Activated carbon filtration device comprising activated carbon that adsorbs free chlorine and organic matter of filtered water from the pretreatment device ,
From the treated water of the activated carbon filter, a water softening device having a regeneration function of the ion exchange resin by capturing a hardness component containing Ca and Mg with an ion exchange resin and having a salt water tank;
A guard filter for removing fine dust contained in water treated by the water softening device;
A silica removing device for removing ionic silica from the water that has passed through the guard filter by a reverse osmosis membrane method;
A treated water tank for storing RO treated water obtained from the silica removing device,
A drug spraying unit for supplying a drug diluted with RO treated water from the treated water tank and spraying the diluted drug on a vehicle;
A watering brushing cleaning unit for brushing while spraying raw water on a vehicle sprayed with a drug diluted from the drug spraying unit,
Following the watering brushing cleaning unit, by spraying raw water from the cleaning water nozzle, the pre-cleaning unit to wash away the diluted medicine and dirt,
A vehicle cleaning system comprising the pre-cleaning section and a finishing cleaning section that is arranged at a distance in a range of 2 to 50 m and is supplied with RO treated water from the treated water tank . The vehicle washing system according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle washing system is used for washing a business vehicle having a lot of window glass such as a railway vehicle or a bus.

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