JP5533293B2

JP5533293B2 - Hemodialysis machine

Info

Publication number: JP5533293B2
Application number: JP2010130921A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 英次金津; 幸次中馬越
Original assignee: JMS Co Ltd
Current assignee: JMS Co Ltd
Priority date: 2010-06-08
Filing date: 2010-06-08
Publication date: 2014-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-08
Also published as: JP2011254941A

Description

本発明は、血液回路に接続された血液透析器で血液透析処理を行う血液透析装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a hemodialysis apparatus that performs hemodialysis with a hemodialyzer connected to a blood circuit.

血液透析を開始する前に、血液回路や血液透析器等の流路内を滅菌済みの生食液で洗浄し、且つ充填しておく必要がある。この処理はプライミングと呼ばれ、血液透析に限定されず、血液を体外循環する場合には、広く実施されている。流路に充填された生食液は、流路内に血液を流入し、体外循環する前に流路外に廃棄されるので、血液透析を行うことで、生食液によって、患者血液が大幅に希釈される恐れは無い。また、血液透析後において、回路や血液透析器などの流路内に生食液を流して、残存する血液を患者体内に返送する返血処理が行われる。上述のように、血液透析を行う際には、滅菌済みの生食液を多量に使用するため、費用低減の上で問題となっていた。 Before starting hemodialysis, it is necessary to clean and fill the inside of the flow path of the blood circuit, hemodialyzer, etc. with a sterilized saline solution. This process is called priming, and is not limited to hemodialysis, and is widely practiced when circulating blood extracorporeally. The saline solution filled in the flow path flows into the flow path and is discarded outside the flow path before circulating outside the body. Therefore, by performing hemodialysis, the patient's blood is significantly diluted with the saline solution. There is no fear of being done. Further, after hemodialysis, a blood return process is performed in which a saline solution is passed through a flow path such as a circuit or a hemodialyzer to return the remaining blood to the patient. As described above, when hemodialysis is performed, a large amount of sterilized saline is used, which is a problem in terms of cost reduction.

最近では、上記のプライミング液によるコストを抑えるために、プライミング処理、及び返血処理において、滅菌済みの生食液に変えて、血液透析器に供給される透析液を使用することが検討されており、下記に示す特許出願や文献で有効との報告もなされている。 Recently, in order to reduce the cost of the priming solution described above, it has been studied to use a dialysis solution supplied to the hemodialyzer instead of a sterilized saline solution in the priming process and the blood return process. It has also been reported that it is effective in the following patent applications and documents.

特開２００４−３１３５２２号JP 2004-313522 A

金成泰、他浄化した透析液を用いた血液回路のプライミング・・・（中略）全自動コンソールの有用性、日本透析医学会雑誌、Ｖｏｌ．３４、Ｎｏ．Ｓｕｐｐｌｅｍｅｎｔ１、６２１頁、２００１ Kim Natayasu, et al. Priming of blood circuit using purified dialysate ... (Omitted) Usefulness of fully automatic console, Journal of Japan Dialysis Medical Association, Vol. 34, no. Supplement 1, page 621, 2001

生食液に変えて、透析液をプライミングや返血処理に利用することで、大幅な費用低減が実現できる。しかし、血液透析膜の外部を流れる透析液を、患者血液の流れる血液回路内に流入させるものであるため、透析液の製造や流通において、清浄操作や無菌管理が前提となる。また、透析液ラインから、血液回路内に液を流入する際に、逆流（例えば、血液回路側から、透析液回路側に血液が流出する等）が発生しないような手段を講じることが必要である。そのため、透析液ラインと血液回路とを連絡する補液ラインには、液体の流れの方向と流量を規制する送液手段が装着される。 By using the dialysate for priming and blood return processing instead of raw saline, significant cost reductions can be realized. However, since the dialysate flowing outside the hemodialysis membrane is allowed to flow into the blood circuit through which the patient's blood flows, clean operation and aseptic management are presupposed in the manufacture and distribution of the dialysate. In addition, it is necessary to take measures to prevent backflow (for example, blood from flowing out from the blood circuit side to the dialysate circuit side) when the liquid flows into the blood circuit from the dialysate line. is there. For this reason, the fluid replacement line that connects the dialysate line and the blood circuit is equipped with a liquid feeding means that regulates the direction and flow rate of the liquid.

その送液手段として、通常はローラーポンプが使用されるが、補液ラインに装着されるローラーポンプは逆回転しないように、一方方向にのみ回転できる機構が採用されているポンプも多い。 As the liquid feeding means, a roller pump is usually used. However, many pumps adopt a mechanism that can rotate only in one direction so that the roller pump attached to the replacement fluid line does not rotate backward.

それにも関わらず、医療現場では、緊急性を要する場合や人員不足のために、以下に述べるような誤操作の起こる可能性がある。即ち、透析液を補液として利用するためには、透析液ラインを血液回路に連絡する補液ラインが必要となるが、その補液ラインの準備、接続、及び送液手段（ポンプ）への装着の際にそれぞれ誤操作の起こる可能性がある。例えば、補液ライン各端部を、本来接続すべき位置と逆側に取り付ける補液ライン端部の接続の逆付けの可能性があり、また、接続自体は間違っていなくとも、送液手段（送液ポンプ）の送液方向を間違えて、補液ラインを逆に装着する場合がある。さらに、送液ポンプが送液方向の規制の無いものであると、接続／装着後においても、回路の配置が複雑（血液回路、透析液ライン、補液ラインの各回路で）で入組んだ状態となっている場合、送液方向が判り難く、逆方向、即ち血液回路側から透析液ライン側に送液する恐れがある。補液ラインの各端部のコネクター形状が異なるものにする、或いは送液ポンプに送液方向を示すマークを表示する等の誤操作防止の検討もなされているが、上記のような色々なケースがあるため、簡単には解決できていない。 Nevertheless, in the medical field, there is a possibility of the following erroneous operations due to urgency or lack of personnel. That is, in order to use the dialysate as a replacement fluid, a replacement fluid line is required to connect the dialysate line to the blood circuit. When the replacement fluid line is prepared, connected, and attached to the liquid delivery means (pump). There is a possibility of incorrect operation. For example, there is a possibility of reversing the connection of the end of the replacement fluid line where the end of the replacement fluid line is attached to the side opposite to the position where it should originally be connected. In some cases, the fluid supply direction of the pump is reversed and the replacement fluid line is installed in reverse. Furthermore, if the pump is not restricted in the direction of feeding, the circuit layout is complicated (in the blood circuit, dialysate line, and replacement fluid line) even after connection / installation. In this case, it is difficult to determine the liquid feeding direction, and there is a risk of liquid feeding in the reverse direction, that is, from the blood circuit side to the dialysate line side. Although various attempts have been made to prevent erroneous operations such as making the connector shape at each end of the fluid replacement line different, or displaying a mark indicating the liquid feeding direction on the liquid feeding pump, there are various cases as described above. Therefore, it cannot be solved easily.

上記の補液ラインの逆付けやポンプへの逆装着が起きると、補液ラインを介して、血液回路内の血液が、透析液ラインに流出し、失血する恐れがある。また、透析液が血液回路内に流入できないので、上記プライミング処理や返血処理に支障をきたす。従って、本発明における解決課題は、既述したような補液ラインの誤接続、誤装着、送液ポンプによる誤送液等の、透析液を補液として供給する血液透析装置の誤操作を防止する装置、及び誤操作を防止する方法を提供することにある。 If the above-mentioned replacement fluid line is reversely attached or reversely attached to the pump, blood in the blood circuit may flow out to the dialysate line via the replacement fluid line, leading to blood loss. Further, since the dialysate cannot flow into the blood circuit, the priming process and the blood return process are hindered. Therefore, the problem to be solved in the present invention is an apparatus for preventing erroneous operation of a hemodialysis apparatus that supplies dialysate as a replacement fluid, such as erroneous connection of a replacement fluid line as described above, erroneous mounting, and erroneous feeding by a pump. And providing a method for preventing erroneous operation.

本発明は、上記補液ラインの逆付けやポンプの逆装着を防止するために試行、検討の結果、生まれた手段、および方法であって、以下の構成を特徴とする。 The present invention is a means and method born as a result of trials and examinations for preventing the reversal of the replacement fluid line and the reverse mounting of the pump, and is characterized by the following configuration.

本発明は、透析液ラインと血液回路を連絡する補液ライン、補液ライン内を流れる液体を送液するために補液ラインに装着される送液ポンプ、補液ライン内の気体の存在を検出可能な気泡検出器を有し、前記補液ラインは、透析液ラインと接続するための透析液ライン側接続端部と、血液回路と接続するための血液回路側接続端部とをそれぞれ有し、前記気泡検出器を、補液ラインの前記透析液ライン側接続端部の近傍に装着し、前記送液ポンプを駆動させることで、最初は液体の充填されてない補液ライン中に、透析液ライン或いは血液回路から流出した液を送液し、前記気泡検出器が、気体を検出しなくなるまでの時間（タイムラグ）を計測することで、補液ラインの逆付け、或いは補液ラインの送液ポンプの逆装着を検出することを特徴とする血液透析装置の誤操作防止装置である。 The present invention relates to a replacement fluid line that connects a dialysate line and a blood circuit, a fluid supply pump that is attached to the replacement fluid line to send fluid flowing in the replacement fluid line, and a bubble that can detect the presence of gas in the replacement fluid line. And the replacement fluid line has a dialysate line side connection end for connection to the dialysate line and a blood circuit side connection end for connection to the blood circuit, respectively, and the bubble detection By installing a device near the dialysate line side connection end of the replacement fluid line and driving the solution pump, the fluid supply line is initially not filled with liquid from the dialysate line or blood circuit. By sending out the liquid that has flowed out and measuring the time (time lag) until the bubble detector no longer detects the gas, the replacement of the replacement fluid line or the reverse mounting of the fluid supply pump in the replacement fluid line is detected. Specially An erroneous operation preventing device in the hemodialysis apparatus in which the.

また、透析液ラインと血液回路を連絡する補液ライン、補液ライン内を流れる液体を送液するために補液ラインに装着される送液ポンプ、補液ライン内の気体の存在を検出可能な気泡検出器を使用して、血液透析装置の誤接続、または誤装着を検出する方法であって、血液透析処理を開始する前の血液回路、及び補液ラインの液充填（プライミング）時または洗浄時において、補液ラインを送液ポンプに装着し、補液ラインの両端部を透析液ライン、及び血液回路にそれぞれ接続し、前記気泡検出器を補液ラインの透析液ライン側接続端部の近傍に装着した後に、前記送液ポンプを駆動させることで、最初は液体の充填されてない補液ライン中に、透析液ライン或いは血液回路から流出した液を送液し、前記気泡検出器が、気体を検出しなくなるまでの時間（タイムラグ）を計測することで、補液ラインの逆付け、或いは補液ラインの送液ポンプの逆装着を検出することを特徴とする誤接続、或いは誤装着の検出方法である。 In addition, a replacement fluid line that connects the dialysate line and the blood circuit, a fluid feed pump that is attached to the replacement fluid line to transport fluid flowing in the replacement fluid line, and a bubble detector that can detect the presence of gas in the replacement fluid line Is used to detect erroneous connection or attachment of a hemodialyzer, and the replacement fluid at the time of priming or washing of the blood circuit and the replacement fluid line before starting the hemodialysis treatment The line is attached to the liquid feeding pump, both ends of the replacement fluid line are connected to the dialysate line and the blood circuit, respectively, and after the bubble detector is mounted near the dialysate line side connection end of the replacement fluid line, By driving the liquid feed pump, the liquid flowing out from the dialysate line or the blood circuit is fed into the replacement liquid line which is not initially filled with liquid, and the bubble detector does not detect the gas. By measuring the time (time lag) until that, with the reverse replacement fluid line, or erroneous and detects a reverse mounting of the liquid supply pump replacement fluid line connection, or a false detection method of mounting.

なお、前記方法において、前記補液ラインを送液ポンプに装着する前に、補液ラインの両端部を透析液ライン、及び血液回路にそれぞれ接続し、前記気泡検出器を補液ラインの透析液ライン側接続端部の近傍に装着した後に、前記送液ポンプを駆動させるようにしても、同様に誤操作を検出し、防止することができる。 In the above method, before attaching the replacement fluid line to the pump, both ends of the replacement fluid line are connected to the dialysate line and the blood circuit, respectively, and the bubble detector is connected to the dialysate line side of the replacement fluid line. Even if the liquid feeding pump is driven after being mounted in the vicinity of the end, an erroneous operation can be detected and prevented in the same manner.

本発明の誤操作防止装置、或いは誤操作を検出する方法により、補液ラインの逆付けや送液ポンプへの逆付けが流路のプライミングの際に、正確且つ容易に検出できるので、血液透析、または体外血液循環を行う前に、患者血液の失血や血液流出による透析液ラインの汚染等の誤操作を未然に阻止できる。 By the erroneous operation preventing device or the method for detecting erroneous operation according to the present invention, the reverse of the replacement fluid line or the reverse to the liquid feeding pump can be accurately and easily detected during the priming of the flow path. Prior to blood circulation, erroneous operations such as blood loss of patient blood and contamination of the dialysate line due to blood outflow can be prevented in advance.

正常使用時における、本発明の血液透析装置の一実施形態の各構成の配置を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows arrangement | positioning of each structure of one Embodiment of the hemodialysis apparatus of this invention at the time of normal use. 誤使用時における、本発明の血液透析装置の一実施形態の各構成の配置を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows arrangement | positioning of each structure of one Embodiment of the hemodialysis apparatus of this invention at the time of misuse. 本発明の血液透析装置の別の実施形態の各構成の配置を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows arrangement | positioning of each structure of another embodiment of the hemodialysis apparatus of this invention.

さらに本発明は、以下のような実施態様をとることで、後述するような様々な利点を有する。即ち、前記送液ポンプ、前記気泡検出器が伝送手段によって、送液ポンプの駆動状態を制御する制御部と連絡され、該制御部は気泡検出器から、気体の存在状態を示す計測値を経時的に受取ることで、前記タイムラグを計測し、そのタイムラグ計測値を、事前に設定されたタイムラグ基準値と比較し、前記計測値が前記基準値を超えた時、補液ラインの送液を異常と判断し、制御部から前記送液ポンプに対し、ポンプの駆動を停止する信号を送信する前記の誤操作防止装置である。上記態様を採用することで、誤接続や誤装着等の誤操作をより、正確に検出することができ、異常が生じたと制御部が判断した場合には、直ちに送液ポンプを駆動を止めることができる。 Furthermore, the present invention has various advantages as described later by taking the following embodiments. That is, the liquid feeding pump and the bubble detector are communicated by a transmission means to a control unit that controls the driving state of the liquid feeding pump, and the control unit receives a measurement value indicating the presence of gas from the bubble detector over time. The time lag is measured, the time lag measurement value is compared with a preset time lag reference value, and when the measurement value exceeds the reference value, the liquid supply line is abnormally fed. It is the said erroneous operation prevention apparatus which judges and transmits the signal which stops the drive of a pump with respect to the said liquid feeding pump from a control part. By adopting the above aspect, it is possible to more accurately detect erroneous operations such as incorrect connection and incorrect mounting, and when the control unit determines that an abnormality has occurred, the drive of the liquid feed pump can be stopped immediately. it can.

前記制御部が、血液回路に装着される血液ポンプ、或いは血液回路に設けられた開閉手段のいずれか、または両方と前記伝送手段によって、連絡され、該制御部によって、前記血液ポンプ、或いは前記開閉手段のいずれか、またはその両方が作動を制御される前記誤操作防止装置である。上記態様の採用によって、異常時には、補液ラインの送液だけでなく、血液回路や透析液ラインの送液もストップでき、それぞれの流路において、余計な送液や駆動を回避できる。 The control unit is in communication with either or both of a blood pump attached to the blood circuit or an opening / closing means provided in the blood circuit by the transmission means, and the blood pump or the opening / closing is controlled by the control unit. One or both of the means is the erroneous operation preventing device whose operation is controlled. By adopting the above aspect, in the event of an abnormality, not only the liquid supply line but also the blood circuit and dialysate line can be stopped, and unnecessary liquid supply and driving can be avoided in each flow path.

前記制御部が、伝送手段で警報装置に連絡され、制御部が補液ラインの送液を異常と判断した場合、制御部から警報装置に対し、警報を発生するように送信する前記誤操作防止装置である。上記態様の採用によって、ポンプの駆動や送液を中断するだけでなく、警報を発することで、施術者や操作者に適切な処置、対応を取るように注意を促すことができる。 When the control unit is in communication with the alarm device by the transmission means, and the control unit determines that the liquid supply line liquid feeding is abnormal, the control unit transmits the alarm device to the alarm device so as to generate an alarm. is there. By adopting the above aspect, not only the pump drive and liquid feeding are interrupted, but also an alarm is issued, so that the practitioner and the operator can be alerted to take appropriate measures and actions.

前記気泡検出器が前記透析液ライン側接続端部から、２０ｃｍ以内の距離の箇所に装着される前記誤操作防止装置である。上記態様の採用によって、上記の補液ラインの誤接続や送液ポンプへの誤装着が、容易に判別できる。 In the device for preventing erroneous operation, the bubble detector is mounted at a distance of 20 cm or less from the dialysate line side connection end. By adopting the above aspect, it is possible to easily determine whether the replacement fluid line is erroneously connected or erroneously attached to the liquid feed pump.

前記気泡検出器が、前記透析液ライン側接続端部から、５ｃｍ以内の距離の箇所に装着される前記誤操作防止装置である。上記態様の採用によって、上記の補液ラインの誤接続や送液ポンプへの誤装着が、より容易に判別できる。 The air bubble detector is the erroneous operation preventing device mounted at a position within a distance of 5 cm from the dialysate line side connection end. By adopting the above aspect, it is possible to more easily determine whether the replacement fluid line is erroneously connected or erroneously attached to the liquid feed pump.

前記気泡検出器の装着部位、前記送液ポンプの送液速度を入力、または選択することで、気泡検出器が気体を検出しなくなるまでのタイムラグの前記基準値を自動的に算出し、前記制御装置が前記基準値と前記タイムラグ計測値を比較して、補液ラインの送液の正常／異常を判別する前記誤操作防止装置である。上記態様の採用によって、補液ライン上の気泡検出器の装着部位や送液ポンプの送液速度などを色々変更でき、より広範囲の使用条件に対応できる。 The reference value of the time lag until the bubble detector no longer detects gas is automatically calculated by inputting or selecting the mounting portion of the bubble detector and the liquid feed speed of the liquid feed pump, and the control The apparatus is the erroneous operation preventing apparatus in which the apparatus compares the reference value with the time lag measurement value to determine normality / abnormality of liquid supply in the replacement fluid line. By adopting the above aspect, it is possible to variously change the mounting portion of the bubble detector on the replacement fluid line, the liquid feed speed of the liquid feed pump, and the like, and it can cope with a wider range of use conditions.

また、本発明の誤接続、または誤装着を検出する方法において、前記方法に変え、前記補液ラインを送液ポンプに装着する前に、補液ラインの両端部を透析液ライン、及び血液回路にそれぞれ接続し、（補液ラインを補液ポンプに装着して）補液ラインの透析液ライン側接続端部の近傍に前記気泡検出器を装着した後に、前記送液ポンプを駆動させるものであっても、同様に補液ラインの逆付け、或いは補液ラインの送液ポンプの逆装着を検出することが可能である。また、補液ラインを送液ポンプに装着しなくても良いように、予め補液ラインに送液ポンプを組み込んだものでも、同様に有用である。 Further, in the method for detecting misconnection or misfit of the present invention, before the replacement fluid line is attached to the liquid feeding pump, the both ends of the replacement fluid line are respectively connected to the dialysate line and the blood circuit. Even if the liquid supply pump is driven after the bubble detector is mounted in the vicinity of the dialysate line side connection end of the replacement fluid line (with the replacement fluid line attached to the replacement fluid pump) It is possible to detect the reverse mounting of the replacement fluid line or the reverse mounting of the liquid feeding pump of the replacement fluid line. Further, it is also useful to install a liquid feeding pump in advance in the liquid replacement line so that the liquid replacement line does not have to be attached to the liquid feeding pump.

以下、図面と共に本発明の好ましい実施例について、説明する。図１は、補液ライン２３の逆付け接続や、補液ラインに装着される送液ポンプ（補液ポンプ）２４のチューブの逆装着を防止する補液ライン逆付け防止装置を含む血液透析装置１の全体を示す模式的配置図である。血液透析器２は、その一方端が動脈側血液回路３に接続され、もう一方端が静脈側血液回路４に接続されている。動脈側血液回路３は、血液透析器２に接続される端部とは逆側の端部において、患者の動脈側に連絡できるように、動脈側接続端部７が形成されている。同様に、静脈側血液回路４では、患者の静脈側に連絡できるように、血液透析器に接続される端部とは逆側に、静脈側接続端部８が形成されている。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the entire hemodialysis apparatus 1 including a replacement fluid line reverse attachment prevention device for preventing reverse attachment of a replacement fluid line 23 and reverse attachment of a tube of a liquid feeding pump (replacement fluid pump) 24 attached to the replacement fluid line. It is a schematic arrangement drawing shown. The hemodialyzer 2 has one end connected to the arterial blood circuit 3 and the other end connected to the venous blood circuit 4. The arterial blood circuit 3 has an arterial connection end 7 formed so as to communicate with the patient's arterial side at the end opposite to the end connected to the hemodialyzer 2. Similarly, in the venous blood circuit 4, a venous connection end 8 is formed on the opposite side of the end connected to the hemodialyzer so that it can communicate with the venous side of the patient.

動脈側血液回路３には、血液回路や血液透析器内に血液やプライミング液を送液できるように、血液ポンプ６が装着され、血液ポンプ６と動脈側接続端部７の間には、気泡を検出するための気泡検出器１３が設けられている。また、静脈側血液回路４には、凝血塊や気泡を除去するための静脈チャンバー９が設けられ、その下流側には、気泡検出器１２や静脈側血液回路４の開閉を行う開閉装置１０が設けられている。血液回路の上流、下流とは、血液透析を行う際の、血液の流れる方向（動脈側→静脈側）によって、定義するものとする。さらに、静脈チャンバー９の上部には、血液回路を流れる余剰のプライミング液を回路内に排出するためのオーバーフロー回路５が接続され、オーバーフロー回路５には、該回路を開閉する開閉装置１１が設けられている。 A blood pump 6 is attached to the arterial blood circuit 3 so that blood and priming fluid can be fed into the blood circuit and hemodialyzer. Air bubbles are interposed between the blood pump 6 and the arterial connection end 7. A bubble detector 13 is provided for detecting. The venous blood circuit 4 is provided with a venous chamber 9 for removing clots and bubbles, and on the downstream side thereof, an opening / closing device 10 for opening and closing the bubble detector 12 and the venous blood circuit 4 is provided. Is provided. The upstream and downstream of the blood circuit are defined by the direction of blood flow (from the arterial side to the venous side) during hemodialysis. Further, an overflow circuit 5 for discharging excess priming fluid flowing through the blood circuit into the circuit is connected to the upper part of the venous chamber 9, and the overflow circuit 5 is provided with an opening / closing device 11 for opening and closing the circuit. ing.

一方、血液透析器２に連絡している透析液ラインも、血液透析器に流入する側の透析液上流ライン２１と血液透析器から流出する透析液下流ライン２２に分かれ、血液回路に透析液を送り込むための補液ライン２３は、透析液上流ライン２１と動脈側血液回路３、または静脈側血液回路４のいずれか一方と連絡するように配置される。図１では、透析液上流ライン２１に透析ライン側分岐部２５ａを形成し、血液ポンプ６と血液透析器２の間の動脈側血液回路３に、血液回路側分岐部２７ａを形成し、前記の各分岐部（２５ａ、２７ａ）を連絡するように、補液ライン２３が配置されている。透析ラインと接続する側の補液ライン端部には、透析ライン側分岐部２５ａと相補的に接続可能な透析液ライン側端部２５ｂが形成され、血液回路と接続する側の補液ライン端部には、血液回路側分岐部２７ａと相補的に接続可能な血液回路側端部２７ｂが形成されている。 On the other hand, the dialysate line connected to the hemodialyzer 2 is also divided into a dialysate upstream line 21 on the side that flows into the hemodialyzer and a dialysate downstream line 22 that flows out from the hemodialyzer. The fluid replacement line 23 for feeding is arranged so as to communicate with the dialysate upstream line 21 and either the arterial blood circuit 3 or the venous blood circuit 4. In FIG. 1, a dialysis line side branch 25a is formed in the dialysate upstream line 21, and a blood circuit side branch 27a is formed in the arterial blood circuit 3 between the blood pump 6 and the hemodialyzer 2. The replacement fluid line 23 is arranged so as to communicate each branch part (25a, 27a). At the end of the replacement fluid line on the side connected to the dialysis line, a dialysate line side end 25b that can be complementarily connected to the dialysis line side branch 25a is formed, and at the end of the replacement fluid line on the side connected to the blood circuit. Is formed with a blood circuit side end portion 27b that can be complementarily connected to the blood circuit side branch portion 27a.

補液ライン２３には、血液回路に送液する透析液を清浄化できるように、フィルター３２を設けても良い。補液ライン２３には、透析液ラインから流出する透析液の流量を制御できるように、送液ポンプ２４（以下、補液ポンプとも言う。）が装着されている。補液ポンプ２４は、制御部３０によって、その駆動や停止を制御されており、その制御のために、補液ポンプ２４は制御部３０と伝送手段３３で連絡されている。補液ポンプ２４は、誤操作を防止するように、一定方向にのみ送液し、逆方向には送液できないような機構が採用されるのが望ましい。 A filter 32 may be provided in the replacement fluid line 23 so that the dialysate sent to the blood circuit can be cleaned. The replacement fluid line 23 is equipped with a liquid feed pump 24 (hereinafter also referred to as a replacement fluid pump) so that the flow rate of the dialysate flowing out from the dialysate line can be controlled. The replacement fluid pump 24 is controlled to be driven or stopped by the control unit 30, and the replacement fluid pump 24 is connected to the control unit 30 by the transmission means 33 for the control. It is desirable that the replacement fluid pump 24 adopts a mechanism that sends liquid only in a certain direction and prevents liquid feeding in the reverse direction so as to prevent erroneous operation.

補液ライン２３には、該ライン内の気体を検出するための気泡検出器２６が設けられ、気体の存在を示すデータが計測されている。また、気泡検出器２６は補液ポンプと同じように、別の伝送手段３３によって、制御部３０と連絡され、気泡検出器からの計測値が経時的に、制御部３０に送信される。制御部３０では、前記計測値が時間のパラメーターと共に記録され、最初に気体を検出した状態から、液の通過によって、気体を検出しなくなる状態までにかかる時間（タイムラグ）を計測する。 The replacement fluid line 23 is provided with a bubble detector 26 for detecting gas in the line, and data indicating the presence of gas is measured. Further, the bubble detector 26 is communicated with the control unit 30 by another transmission means 33 as in the case of the replacement fluid pump, and the measurement value from the bubble detector is transmitted to the control unit 30 over time. The control unit 30 records the measured value together with the time parameter, and measures the time (time lag) required from the state in which the gas is first detected to the state in which the gas is no longer detected due to the passage of the liquid.

また、制御部３０では、補液ラインが正常に接続／装着／送液された場合の、気体を検出しなくなるまでにかかると想定されるタイムラグ基準値（以下、基準値ともいう）を予め設定しておく。そして、気泡検出器２６からの計測値によって、計測されたタイムラグ（値）を前記基準値と比較し、このタイムラグが基準値を超えた場合、制御部３０は補液ラインが異常な状態にあると判断し、補液ポンプ２４の駆動を直ちに中止し、同時に警報部３１に警報発生を行う信号を送信する。タイムラグが基準値を超えない場合には、制御部３０は補液ライン２３が正常な状態にあると判断し、補液ポンプ２４の駆動を継続する。 In addition, the control unit 30 sets in advance a time lag reference value (hereinafter, also referred to as a reference value) that is assumed to be required until no gas is detected when the replacement fluid line is normally connected / mounted / delivered. Keep it. Then, the measured time lag (value) is compared with the reference value based on the measured value from the bubble detector 26, and when the time lag exceeds the reference value, the control unit 30 indicates that the replacement fluid line is in an abnormal state. Determination is made and the driving of the replacement fluid pump 24 is immediately stopped, and at the same time, a signal for generating an alarm is transmitted to the alarm unit 31. If the time lag does not exceed the reference value, the control unit 30 determines that the replacement fluid line 23 is in a normal state and continues driving the replacement fluid pump 24.

即ち、制御部３０は、補液ポンプ２４、気泡検出器２６、警報部３１と連動、制御できるように、伝送手段３３で連絡されている。制御部３０は、上記の各構成要素だけではなく、血液回路に設けられた血液ポンプ６や開閉装置１０、さらには図示しないが、透析液ラインを送液を行っている透析液ポンプと連動、制御できるように、伝送手段３３で連絡されていても良い。このような構成であれば、異常時には、補液ラインの送液だけでなく、血液回路や透析液ラインの送液もストップでき、それぞれの流路において、余計な送液や駆動を回避できる。 That is, the control unit 30 is in communication with the transmission means 33 so that it can be linked and controlled with the replacement fluid pump 24, the bubble detector 26, and the alarm unit 31. The control unit 30 is linked not only to each of the above components but also to the blood pump 6 and the opening / closing device 10 provided in the blood circuit, and in addition to the dialysate pump that is feeding the dialysate line (not shown), You may be connected by the transmission means 33 so that it can control. With such a configuration, when an abnormality occurs, not only the liquid supply line but also the blood circuit and dialysate line can be stopped, and unnecessary liquid supply and driving can be avoided in each flow path.

次に、本実施例を使用して、プライミング操作を行う際に、補液ライン２３の逆付けや補液ラインのチューブを補液ポンプ２４に逆付けするポンプチューブの逆装着を検出し、透析ラインへの流血を未然に防止する仕組みについて、説明する。 Next, using this embodiment, when performing the priming operation, the reverse mounting of the replacement fluid line 23 or the reverse mounting of the pump tube that reverses the replacement fluid tube to the replacement fluid pump 24 is detected, and A mechanism for preventing bloodshed will be described.

先ず、プライミング時には、動脈側接続端部７と静脈側接続端部８とを連結し、血液回路を循環回路とする。そして、循環回路とした状態で、透析液上流ライン２１から透析液下流ライン２２に透析液を流す。透析液ライン（２１、２２）の送液により、血液透析器２を介して、血液回路側に透析液が流入される。血液回路内に流入した透析液は、血液ポンプ６を駆動し、開閉手段１０、１１を開放することで、ループの形成された回路内で循環できるようになる。血液回路内の循環できる許容量よりも余剰の透析液が流入した場合、オーバーフロー回路５から液が排出される。そのような状態で、血液回路に流入した透析液を送液し、また、必要に応じて、血液透析器を介して、透析液ラインから新しい透析液を送り込むことで、血液回路内を洗浄する。 First, at the time of priming, the arterial connection end 7 and the venous connection end 8 are connected, and the blood circuit is used as a circulation circuit. Then, the dialysate is caused to flow from the dialysate upstream line 21 to the dialysate downstream line 22 in a state where the circulation circuit is formed. The dialysate flows into the blood circuit side via the hemodialyzer 2 by feeding the dialysate line (21, 22). The dialysate flowing into the blood circuit can be circulated in the circuit in which the loop is formed by driving the blood pump 6 and opening the opening and closing means 10 and 11. When surplus dialysate is allowed to circulate in the blood circuit, the liquid is discharged from the overflow circuit 5. In such a state, the dialysate that has flowed into the blood circuit is sent, and if necessary, the inside of the blood circuit is washed by sending new dialysate from the dialysate line via the hemodialyzer. .

次に、透析ライン側分岐部２５ａ、及び血液回路側分岐部２７ａに、補液ラインの各端部、即ち透析液ライン側端部２５ｂ、及び血液回路側端部２７ｂを接続する。前記各接続が完了したら、補液ライン２３の所定の位置、即ち透析液ライン側端部２５ｂの近傍、或いは透析液ライン側端部２５ｂから補液ポンプ装着部位２４ｂまでの間の補液ライン上に、気泡検出器２６を装着する。前記近傍とは、端部２５ｂから２０ｃｍ以内であるのが好ましく、５ｃｍ以内であるのが、より好ましい。気体を検出しなくなるまでに要する時間によって、正常と異常の判別を行うのであるが、その違いがより明確となり、判断がより容易になるからである。 Next, each end of the replacement fluid line, that is, the dialysate line side end portion 25b and the blood circuit side end portion 27b are connected to the dialysis line side branch portion 25a and the blood circuit side branch portion 27a. When each connection is completed, bubbles are formed at a predetermined position of the replacement fluid line 23, that is, in the vicinity of the dialysate line side end 25b or on the replacement fluid line between the dialysate line end 25b and the replacement fluid pump mounting site 24b. A detector 26 is attached. The vicinity is preferably within 20 cm from the end portion 25b, and more preferably within 5 cm. This is because the difference between normal and abnormal is determined according to the time required until no gas is detected, but the difference becomes clearer and the determination becomes easier.

補液ポンプ２４に補液ラインの（補液）ポンプ装着部位２４ｂを装着し、制御部３０と気泡検出器２６、補液ポンプ２４をそれぞれ、伝送手段（ケーブル）で連絡させる。同様に、制御部３０と警報部３１を連絡する。ここでは、制御部３０と警報部３１を別体として、ケーブルで連絡したが、制御部と警報部を一体としたものでも構わない。 A (replacement fluid) pump mounting portion 24b of the replacement fluid line is mounted on the replacement fluid pump 24, and the control unit 30, the bubble detector 26, and the replacement fluid pump 24 are connected to each other by transmission means (cable). Similarly, the control unit 30 and the alarm unit 31 are communicated. Here, the control unit 30 and the alarm unit 31 are separated from each other and connected by a cable, but the control unit and the alarm unit may be integrated.

上記設置が完了したら、制御部３０から信号を送って、補液ポンプ２４を駆動させ、透析液上流ライン２１の透析液を、補液ライン２３内に送液する。このとき、気泡検出器２６から、補液ライン内の気体の存在状況を示す計測値が、経時的に制御部３０に送信され、制御部３０は補液ポンプ２４の駆動開始後の時間と共に、前記計測値を記録、または記憶する。透析液ラインや血液回路に接続する前には、補液ライン２３内に液は充填されてないため、補液ポンプ２４の駆動開始時は、通常（気泡検出器２６は）気体の存在を示す計測値を制御部に送信する。そのため、この時点においては、補液ライン２３が正常な配置（方向）で接続されていた場合でも、逆付けされた場合でも、同じ計測値を送信するので、正常、異常は判別できない。 When the above installation is completed, a signal is sent from the control unit 30 to drive the replacement fluid pump 24 to supply the dialysate in the dialysate upstream line 21 into the replacement fluid line 23. At this time, a measurement value indicating the presence state of the gas in the replacement fluid line is transmitted from the bubble detector 26 to the control unit 30 over time, and the control unit 30 performs the measurement together with the time after the replacement fluid pump 24 starts to be driven. Record or store the value. Prior to connection to the dialysate line or blood circuit, the replacement fluid line 23 is not filled with liquid, so when the replacement fluid pump 24 starts to drive, the measured value indicating the presence of gas is normal (the bubble detector 26). Is transmitted to the control unit. Therefore, at this time point, even if the replacement fluid line 23 is connected in a normal arrangement (direction) or reversed, the same measurement value is transmitted, so normality / abnormality cannot be determined.

しかし、気泡検出器２６は、透析液ライン側分岐部２５ａの近傍、或いは該分岐部２５ａから、補液ライン２３の全長の１／３の長さまでの部位、または遠くとも、補液ライン全長の１/２の中間点よりも透析液ライン側分岐点２５ａに近い部位に装着されておれば、補液ライン２３が正常な配置（方向）で接続されている場合には、逆付けされた場合よりも、気泡（気体の存在）を検出しなくなるまでの時間は短くなる筈である。 However, the bubble detector 26 may be located in the vicinity of the dialysate line side branch 25a or from the branch 25a to a length of 1/3 of the total length of the replacement fluid line 23 or at most 1 / of the total length of the replacement fluid line. If the replacement fluid line 23 is connected in a normal arrangement (direction) if it is attached to a portion closer to the dialysate line side branch point 25a than the middle point of 2, than when reversed, The time until no bubbles (the presence of gas) are detected should be short.

例えば、図２に示されるように、補液ライン２３が血液回路や透析液ラインと逆付けされている場合、或いは補液ポンプ２４に逆装着されている場合、補液ポンプを通常の送液方向に駆動させると、血液回路側分岐部２７ａから、液を吸引してくるので、気泡検出器２６で気泡検出しなくなるまでにかかる時間、タイムラグは、正常な場合と比べて、かなり大きくなると考えられる。 For example, as shown in FIG. 2, when the replacement fluid line 23 is reversely attached to the blood circuit or the dialysate fluid, or when the replacement fluid pump 24 is reversely mounted, the replacement fluid pump is driven in the normal liquid feeding direction. Then, since the liquid is sucked from the blood circuit side branching portion 27a, it is considered that the time and the time lag required until the bubble detector 26 no longer detects bubbles are considerably larger than in the normal case.

上記のように、気泡検出器を補液ライン上の適切な位置（透析液ライン側分岐部の近傍）に装着することで、正常に配置された補液ライン２３では、制御部３０が受け取るタイムラグは、異常に配置された場合のタイムラグよりも短くなるとの想定から、予め設定されたタイムラグ基準値が、制御部３０の計測したタイムラグと比較される。上記基準値は、気泡検出器２６の補液ライン２３上の装着部位、補液ポンプ２４の送液速度、補液ラインの内径、等の要因によって、細かく設定可能であるが、通常使用する条件で正常状態と異常状態とを、簡単に検出可能なように、気泡検出器の前記装着部位を、透析液ライン側分岐部２５ａの近傍にするのが望ましい。また、前記基準値も多少、前記の要因（装着部位、送液速度、補液ラインの内径など）に変動があった場合でも、許容できるように、幅を持たせておくこともできる。 As described above, by attaching the bubble detector to an appropriate position on the replacement fluid line (near the dialysate line side branch), the time lag received by the control unit 30 in the replacement fluid line 23 that is normally arranged is The time lag reference value set in advance is compared with the time lag measured by the control unit 30 based on the assumption that the time lag is shorter than that in the case of abnormal arrangement. The reference value can be finely set depending on factors such as the mounting position of the bubble detector 26 on the replacement fluid line 23, the fluid supply speed of the replacement fluid pump 24, the inner diameter of the replacement fluid line, etc. It is desirable to place the bubble detector in the vicinity of the dialysate line branch 25a so that the abnormal state can be easily detected. In addition, the reference value can also be widened so that it can be tolerated even when there are fluctuations in the above factors (mounting site, liquid feeding speed, replacement fluid inner diameter, etc.).

逆に以下のような態様をとることによって、前記要因の選択肢を広げながらも、誤操作を検出する基準値の幅を狭めて、正常／異常の判別をより厳密にすることも可能である。例えば、補液ライン２３上における気泡検出器２６の装着部位／装着距離（透析液側端部２５ｂから気泡検出器２６の装着部位までの距離）、補液ラインの内腔容量、補液ポンプ２４の送液速度、等を予め入力する、または設定することで、補液ポンプ２４の駆動開始から、気泡検出器が気体を検出しなくなるまでの時間（以下、タイムラグとも言う。）が予め算出されるようにしておく。ここで、気泡検出器の装着部位や補液ラインの内径、補液ポンプの送液速度等を所定値に決めておくと、上記タイムラグは定値とすることが可能であり、容易に誤装着の確認ができる。逆に、既述したように、上記要因（装着部位、補液ラインの寸法、補液ポンプの送液速度）を制御部３０に入力できるようにしておき、前記要因変更によって、変動するタイムラグを設定できるようにすれば、より広範囲な使用条件にも対応できる。 On the contrary, by taking the following modes, it is possible to narrow down the range of the reference value for detecting an erroneous operation and make normal / abnormal discrimination more strict while expanding the choices of the factors. For example, the attachment part / attachment distance (the distance from the dialysate side end 25b to the attachment part of the bubble detector 26) of the bubble detector 26 on the replacement fluid line 23, the lumen capacity of the replacement fluid line, and the fluid supply of the replacement fluid pump 24 By inputting or setting the speed, etc. in advance, the time from the start of driving the replacement fluid pump 24 until the bubble detector no longer detects gas (hereinafter also referred to as a time lag) is calculated in advance. deep. Here, if the mounting location of the bubble detector, the inner diameter of the replacement fluid line, the fluid feeding speed of the replacement fluid pump, etc. are determined to predetermined values, the above time lag can be set to a constant value, and it is easy to check for incorrect mounting. it can. Conversely, as described above, the above factors (mounting site, size of the replacement fluid line, fluid supply speed of the replacement fluid pump) can be input to the control unit 30, and a time lag that varies can be set by changing the factors. In this way, a wider range of use conditions can be accommodated.

気泡検出器の装着部位を、透析液ライン側分岐部２５ａから極端に近くすることで、上記要因の入力やタイムラグの算出が、より簡便、或いは不要になる可能性もある。即ち、図１において、気泡検出器の装着部位を透析液ライン側分岐部２５ａとほぼ同位置にすると、補液ポンプの駆動と同時に、気泡検出器の装着部位を液体が流れることになるので、正常時の配置では、前記タイムラグがほとんど０になる。そのため、異常時のタイムラグとの違いが瞬時に判別できるため、前記要因の入力やタイムラグの事前算定は不要となる。 When the bubble detector is mounted extremely close to the dialysate line branch 25a, the input of the above factors and the calculation of the time lag may be simpler or unnecessary. That is, in FIG. 1, when the bubble detector mounting part is made substantially the same position as the dialysate line side branch 25a, the liquid flows through the bubble detector mounting part at the same time as the replacement fluid pump is driven. In time arrangement, the time lag is almost zero. Therefore, since the difference from the time lag at the time of abnormality can be determined instantaneously, the input of the factor and the prior calculation of the time lag are not necessary.

上記の誤装着の検出原理は、補液ライン端部の誤接続だけでなく、（補液ラインの）補液ポンプへの誤装着にも適用でき、誤操作を防止できる。むしろ、実際の現場では、端部の誤接続よりも、補液ポンプ２４への誤装着の発生する危険性の方が大きい。各端部は、相補する接続部位（２５ａ、２７ａ）の形状・寸法を違うようにして、逆付けが発生しないようにすることも可能であるが、補液ポンプの逆装着や或いはポンプの逆駆動の危険性は、補液ラインのチューブが雑然と配置されていたり、ポンプの送液方向が明示されてなければ、依然として、残るからである。 The above-described detection principle of erroneous mounting can be applied not only to erroneous connection of the replacement fluid line end but also to incorrect mounting of the replacement fluid line (of the replacement fluid line), thereby preventing erroneous operation. Rather, in an actual site, there is a greater risk of erroneous attachment to the replacement fluid pump 24 than an erroneous connection at the end. It is possible to prevent the reverse attachment from occurring by changing the shape and size of the complementary connection parts (25a, 27a) at each end, but reverse mounting of the replacement fluid pump or reverse drive of the pump This is because the tube of the replenishment line is still arranged if it is not arranged neatly or the pumping direction is not specified.

補液ライン２３の血液回路側の接続端部であるが、図１のような動脈側血液回路３への接続だけではなく、静脈側血液回路４に接続しても良い。補液ライン２３の血液回路側の接続については、臨床上の必要性で決まる場合が多いが、補液ライン２３を静脈側血液回路４に接続する場合、既述した動脈側血液回路への接続例のように、回路に分岐部を形成し、そこに補液ライン２３の端部２７ｂを接続しても良いが、図３に示すように、静脈チャンバー９の上部管９ｂに補液ライン端部を接続すると、わざわざ血液回路に分岐部を形成する手間が省ける利点がある。 Although the connection end of the replacement fluid line 23 on the blood circuit side, it may be connected not only to the arterial blood circuit 3 as shown in FIG. 1 but also to the venous blood circuit 4. The connection on the blood circuit side of the replacement fluid line 23 is often determined by clinical necessity. However, when the replacement fluid line 23 is connected to the venous blood circuit 4, the connection example to the arterial blood circuit described above is used. As shown in FIG. 3, a branch portion may be formed in the circuit, and the end portion 27 b of the replacement fluid line 23 may be connected thereto. However, when the replacement fluid line end portion is connected to the upper tube 9 b of the venous chamber 9 as shown in FIG. There is an advantage that the trouble of forming the branch part in the blood circuit can be saved.

以上、説明したように、本発明の誤操作防止装置を使用する、或いは本発明の誤接続／誤装着を検出する方法をとることで、血液透析処理を行う前、即ちプライミング処理の段階で、補液ラインの誤接続、或いは補液ポンプへの誤装着が検出でき、患者血液の失血や透析液ラインの汚染、血液処理中の補液不能等の様々な誤操作やトラブルを未然に回避できる。 As described above, the replacement fluid is used before hemodialysis, that is, at the stage of priming, by using the erroneous operation preventing device of the present invention or by using the method of detecting erroneous connection / fitting of the present invention. It is possible to detect erroneous connection of the line or erroneous attachment to the replacement fluid pump, and avoid various misoperations and troubles such as blood loss of patient blood, contamination of the dialysate line, and inability to replenish during blood processing.

本発明は、血液透析前に誤接続や誤装着を検出し、危険やトラブルを未然に防止することのできる誤操作防止手段として、利用することができる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as an erroneous operation prevention means that can detect an erroneous connection or an erroneous attachment before hemodialysis and prevent danger or trouble beforehand.

１．血液透析装置（逆付け防止装置を含む）
２．血液透析器
３．動脈側血液回路
４．静脈側血液回路
５．オーバーフロー回路
６．血液ポンプ
７．動脈側接続端部
８．静脈側接続端部
９．静脈チャンバー
１０.開閉装置
１１．開閉装置
１２.気泡検出器
１３.気泡検出器
２１．透析液上流ライン
２２．透析液下流ライン
２３．補液ライン
２４．送液ポンプ（補液ポンプ）
２４ｂ．ポンプ装着部位
２５ａ．透析ライン側分岐部
２５ｂ．透析液ライン側端部
２６．気泡検出器
２７ａ．血液回路側分岐部
２７ｂ．血液回路側端部
２８．透析液流入口
２９．透析液流出口
３０．制御部
３１．警報部
３２．フィルター
３３．伝送手段（ケーブル） 1. Hemodialysis device (including reverse-use prevention device)
2. 2. hemodialyzer 3. Arterial blood circuit 4. Venous blood circuit 5. Overflow circuit 6. Blood pump 7. Arterial side connection end 8. Venous connection end Venous chamber 10. Opening and closing device 11. Switchgear 12. bubble detector 13. bubble detector 21. Dialysate upstream line 22. Dialysate downstream line 23. Fluid replacement line 24. Liquid feed pump (replacement pump)
24b. Pump mounting part 25a. Dialysis line side branch 25b. Dialysate line side end 26. Bubble detector 27a. Blood circuit side branch 27b. Blood circuit side end 28. Dialysate inlet 29. Dialysate outlet 30. Control unit 31. Alarm unit 32. Filter 33. Transmission means (cable)

Claims

A fluid replacement line that connects the dialysate line to the blood circuit, a fluid pump that is attached to the fluid replacement line to transport fluid that flows through the fluid replacement line, and a bubble detector that can detect the presence of gas in the fluid replacement line. The replacement fluid line has a dialysate line side connection end for connection to the dialysate line and a blood circuit side connection end for connection to the blood circuit, and the bubble detector comprises the replacement fluid. Installed in the vicinity of the dialysate line side connection end of the line, and by driving the liquid feed pump, the liquid flowing out from the dialysate line or blood circuit into the replacement liquid line not filled with liquid at first. It is characterized by detecting the reverse mounting of the replacement fluid line or the reverse mounting of the replacement fluid pump of the replacement fluid line by measuring the time (time lag) until the bubble detector stops detecting gas. Blood An erroneous operation preventing device of the dialysis device.

The liquid feeding pump and the bubble detector are communicated by a transmission means to a control unit that controls the driving state of the liquid feeding pump, and the control unit receives a measurement value indicating the presence state of the gas from the bubble detector over time. By receiving, measure the time lag, compare the time lag measurement value with a preset time lag reference value, and when the measurement value exceeds the reference value, determine that the fluid replacement line liquid supply is abnormal, The erroneous operation preventing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a signal for stopping driving of the pump is transmitted from the control unit to the liquid feeding pump.

The control unit is in communication with either or both of a blood pump attached to the blood circuit or an opening / closing means provided in the blood circuit by the transmission means, and the blood pump or the opening / closing is controlled by the control unit. 3. The erroneous operation preventing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein one or both of the means are controlled in operation.

The control unit is in communication with an alarm device by a transmission means, and when the control unit determines that the liquid replacement line liquid feeding is abnormal, the control unit transmits to the alarm device so as to generate an alarm, or 3. An erroneous operation preventing device according to any one of items 3 to 3.

5. The erroneous operation preventing device according to claim 1, wherein the bubble detector is mounted at a position within a distance of 20 cm from the dialysate line side connection end.

5. The erroneous operation preventing device according to claim 1, wherein the bubble detector is mounted at a position within a distance of 5 cm from the dialysate line side connection end.

The reference value of the time lag until the bubble detector no longer detects gas is automatically calculated by inputting or selecting the mounting portion of the bubble detector and the liquid feed speed of the liquid feed pump, and the control The device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the device compares the reference value and the time lag measurement value to determine normality / abnormality of liquid supply in the replacement fluid line.

Uses a fluid replacement line that connects the dialysate line and the blood circuit, a fluid pump that is attached to the fluid replacement line to transport fluid flowing in the fluid replacement line, and a bubble detector that can detect the presence of gas in the fluid replacement line. A method of detecting erroneous connection or incorrect attachment of a hemodialyzer, wherein the replacement fluid line is connected to the blood circuit before starting the hemodialysis treatment, and when the replacement fluid line is primed or washed. Attached to the liquid feeding pump, both ends of the replacement fluid line are connected to the dialysate line and the blood circuit, respectively, and the bubble detector is attached in the vicinity of the connection end of the fluid replacement line on the dialysate line side. By driving the pump, the fluid flowing out from the dialysate line or the blood circuit is fed into the replacement fluid line that is not initially filled with liquid until the bubble detector no longer detects gas. By measuring the time (time lag) of, with reverse replacement fluid line, or erroneous and detects a reverse mounting of the liquid supply pump replacement fluid line connection, or a false detection method of mounting.

Before installing the replacement fluid line on the pump, connect both ends of the replacement fluid line to the dialysate line and blood circuit, and attach the bubble detector near the dialysate line side connection end of the replacement fluid line. 9. The method of detecting erroneous connection or erroneous mounting according to claim 8, wherein the liquid feeding pump is driven after the operation.