JP5530064B2 - Flame retardant polyurethane foam - Google Patents

Flame retardant polyurethane foam Download PDF

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JP5530064B2
JP5530064B2 JP2007327065A JP2007327065A JP5530064B2 JP 5530064 B2 JP5530064 B2 JP 5530064B2 JP 2007327065 A JP2007327065 A JP 2007327065A JP 2007327065 A JP2007327065 A JP 2007327065A JP 5530064 B2 JP5530064 B2 JP 5530064B2
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boron compound
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JP2009149721A (en
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彰 栗田
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Achilles Corp
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Description

本発明は、連続気泡性の難燃性ポリウレタンフォームに関し、特に、メラミンやリン系、ハロゲン系の難燃剤を用いずとも、優れた難燃性を有し、かつ物性や外観が良好な難燃性ポリウレタンフォームに関する。   The present invention relates to an open-cell flame retardant polyurethane foam, and in particular, flame retardant having excellent flame retardancy and good physical properties and appearance without using melamine, phosphorus-based, or halogen-based flame retardants. Relates to a flexible polyurethane foam.

ポリウレタンフォームは、電機部品等の工業資材製品や自動車部品など種々の用途に使用されている。
従来、難燃性が必要とされる用途では、メラミンやリン系、ハロゲン系の難燃剤をポリオール中に添加して、フォームを形成する技術、すなわち難燃剤を原料に配合することにより難燃性を付与する技術が一般的であった(特許文献1参照)。
Polyurethane foam is used in various applications such as industrial material products such as electric parts and automobile parts.
Conventionally, in applications where flame retardancy is required, flame retardant is achieved by adding foams to melamine, phosphorus and halogen flame retardants in polyols, that is, blending flame retardants with raw materials. In general, a technique for providing the above has been known (see Patent Document 1).

しかし、上記技術では、難燃性を高めるために難燃剤の配合量を多くすると、フォームがうまく発泡しなかったり、得られたフォームの性状が均一にならない等の大きな問題がある。
加えて、ハロゲンを含む難燃剤を配合したポリウレタンフォームでは、用途によっては金属腐蝕が引き起こされたり、フォーム焼却処分時にダイオキシンを発生したりする可能性もあり、ノンハロゲンタイプの難燃性ポリウレタンフォームの需要が高まっている。
However, in the above technique, when the blending amount of the flame retardant is increased in order to increase the flame retardancy, there are significant problems such as foams not foaming well and properties of the obtained foams are not uniform.
In addition, polyurethane foams containing halogen-containing flame retardants may cause metal corrosion depending on the application and may generate dioxins during foam incineration. Demand for non-halogen type flame retardant polyurethane foams Is growing.

一方、木材などの燃焼抑制剤(防火剤)として、ホウ酸(H3BO3)やホウ砂(Na247・10H2O)などのホウ素化合物が古くから利用されている。
特許文献2や特許文献3には、ホウ酸やホウ砂を高濃度で溶解させたホウ素化合物水溶液、および該水溶液を対象物に含浸、乾燥させ防火(耐火・不燃)材料とする技術が開示されているものの、対象物の表面部のみに付着させて難燃化を行うものであった。対象物をポリウレタンフォームなどの発泡体にした場合、表面部のみにこのようなホウ素化合物を含浸させても充分な難燃性を得ることができない問題がある。
特開2007−2036号公報 特開2005−112700号公報 特開2006−219329号公報
On the other hand, boron compounds such as boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) and borax (Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10H 2 O) have long been used as combustion inhibitors (fireproofing agents) for wood and the like.
Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 disclose a boron compound aqueous solution in which boric acid or borax is dissolved at a high concentration, and a technique for impregnating and drying the aqueous solution on an object to form a fireproof (fireproof / nonflammable) material. However, it was made to adhere to only the surface portion of the object to make it flame retardant. When the object is a foam such as polyurethane foam, there is a problem that sufficient flame retardancy cannot be obtained even if only the surface portion is impregnated with such a boron compound.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-2036 JP 2005-112700 A JP 2006-219329 A

本発明は、上記のような現状を鑑みなされたものであって、メラミンやリン系、ハロゲン系の難燃剤を用いずとも、優れた難燃性を有し、さらに圧縮残留歪み等の物性を低下させることなく、フォームの性状が均一な難燃性ポリウレタンフォームを提供することを課題とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the current situation as described above, and has excellent flame retardancy without using a melamine, phosphorus-based, or halogen-based flame retardant, and further has physical properties such as compression residual strain. It is an object of the present invention to provide a flame retardant polyurethane foam having a uniform foam property without lowering.

本発明者は、上記課題を解決するために検討を重ねたところ、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォーム成形前の原材料に難燃剤を配合しても所望の難燃性が得られず、逆に連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの成形性を阻害するものとなってしまうので、フォーム成形時の原材料に難燃剤を配合して難燃性を得るのではなく、成形後の連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームに難燃剤を塗布、含浸または噴霧することによりフォームの表面および内部に付着させることで、非常に高い難燃性を得られるとの知見を得た。   As a result of repeated studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have not obtained desired flame retardancy even when a flame retardant is blended with the raw material before molding the open cell polyurethane foam, and conversely, the open cell property Since it will inhibit the moldability of polyurethane foam, flame retardant is not blended with the raw material at the time of foam molding to obtain flame retardancy, but flame retardant is applied to open-cell polyurethane foam after molding, It was found that very high flame retardancy can be obtained by adhering to the surface and inside of the foam by impregnation or spraying.

すなわち、本発明は、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの表面および内部に、少なくともホウ酸(H3BO3)とホウ砂(Na247・10H2O)とを含むホウ素化合物が付着し、該付着量が0.01g/cm3以上であり、該ホウ素化合物が、粘度30〜300cps(25℃)のホウ素化合物水溶液を塗布、含浸または噴霧することにより付着されてなる難燃性ポリウレタンフォームを要旨とする。
このとき、ホウ素化合物水溶液中のホウ素化合物濃度15〜25重量%としてもよい
That is, in the present invention, a boron compound containing at least boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) and borax (Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10H 2 O) adheres to the surface and inside of the open-celled polyurethane foam, said adhesion amount Ri der 0.01 g / cm 3 or more, the boron compound, applying the aqueous solution of a boron compound of the viscosity 30~300cps (25 ℃), flame-retardant polyurethane ing been deposited by impregnation or spraying The form is the gist.
In this case, a boron compound concentration of boric containing compound in the aqueous solution may be 15 to 25 wt%.

本発明の難燃性ポリウレタンフォームは、ハロゲンタイプの難燃剤を含まないため、金属腐蝕や環境上の問題を引き起こす危険性がないうえ、難燃性や物性、フォーム性状などの諸特性に優れたものである。   Since the flame-retardant polyurethane foam of the present invention does not contain a halogen-type flame retardant, there is no risk of causing metal corrosion or environmental problems, and it has excellent properties such as flame retardancy, physical properties, and foam properties. Is.

本発明の難燃性ポリウレタンフォームは、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの表面および内部に、少なくともホウ酸(H3BO3)とホウ砂(Na247・10H2O)とを含むホウ素化合物が付着し、該付着量が0.01g/cm3以上である。
少なくともホウ酸(H3BO3)とホウ砂(Na247・10H2Oなど)とを含むホウ素化合物が、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの表面および内部に付着していることにより、当該ポリウレタンフォームに難燃性を付与することができる。
なお、本願発明でいう連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの「表面および内部に付着」とは、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの外表面および、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォーム内部のセル骨格やセル膜に付着していることを指し、本発明で使用する上記のホウ素化合物によれば、このセル骨格やセル膜に良好に付着する。
The flame-retardant polyurethane foam of the present invention is a boron compound containing at least boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) and borax (Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10H 2 O) on and inside the open-celled polyurethane foam. Is attached, and the attached amount is 0.01 g / cm 3 or more.
The boron compound containing at least boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) and borax (Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10H 2 O, etc.) adheres to the surface and inside of the open-cell polyurethane foam, Flame retardancy can be imparted to the polyurethane foam.
In addition, “attached to the surface and inside” of the open-celled polyurethane foam referred to in the present invention means that it is attached to the outer surface of the open-celled polyurethane foam and the cell skeleton or cell membrane inside the open-celled polyurethane foam. According to the boron compound used in the present invention, it adheres well to this cell skeleton and cell film.

このようなホウ素化合物の付着量は、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォーム1cm3あたり0.01g以上であることが重要であり、好ましくは0.02g以上である。
ホウ素化合物の付着量が0.01g/cm3より少ないと、十分な難燃性が得られない。付着量は多ければ多いほど高い難燃性が得られるが、付着量が多すぎると、フォームに異物感が生じたり、クッション性が低下したり、裁断等の加工性が悪くなったり、長期使用に伴い付着したホウ素化合物が崩落しやすくなる虞があるので、実質的な上限は0.05g/cm3程度である。
本発明では、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームへの付着量を向上させる目的で、シランカップリング処理を施したホウ素化合物も使用できるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
It is important that the adhesion amount of such a boron compound is 0.01 g or more, preferably 0.02 g or more, per 1 cm 3 of the open-cell polyurethane foam.
When the adhesion amount of the boron compound is less than 0.01 g / cm 3 , sufficient flame retardancy cannot be obtained. The higher the amount of adhesion, the higher flame retardancy can be obtained.However, if the amount of adhesion is too large, the foam feels foreign, the cushioning property is lowered, the workability such as cutting is deteriorated, and it is used for a long time. Since there is a possibility that the adhered boron compound easily collapses, the substantial upper limit is about 0.05 g / cm 3 .
In the present invention, a boron compound subjected to silane coupling treatment can be used for the purpose of improving the amount of adhesion to the open-cell polyurethane foam, but is not limited thereto.

本発明における連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームは、ポリオール、ポリイソシアネート、触媒、発泡剤等からなる連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォーム原料を混合し反応させて得られる、公知の連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの配合組成を用いることができる。
連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの用途に応じて、例えば、軟質、半硬質、硬質等の性状が適宜選択されるが、特に、連続気泡率を92〜100%、硬さを20〜500N、密度を12〜100kg/m3、セル数を10〜70個/25mmとした連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォーム(所謂「軟質ポリウレタンフォーム」)が好適である。このような軟質ポリウレタンフォームでは、ホウ素化合物がフォームの表面だけでなくフォーム内部のセル骨格・セル膜にも付着しやすいうえ、ホウ素化合物が一旦付着すると脱落しにくい傾向があり、容易に所望の付着量とすることができる。
The open-celled polyurethane foam in the present invention uses a known composition of open-celled polyurethane foam obtained by mixing and reacting open-celled polyurethane foam raw materials composed of polyol, polyisocyanate, catalyst, foaming agent, etc. Can do.
Depending on the use of the open-celled polyurethane foam, for example, properties such as soft, semi-rigid, and hard are appropriately selected. In particular, the open-cell ratio is 92 to 100%, the hardness is 20 to 500 N, and the density is 12 An open-celled polyurethane foam (so-called “soft polyurethane foam”) having a capacity of ˜100 kg / m 3 and a cell number of 10 to 70/25 mm is suitable. In such a flexible polyurethane foam, the boron compound tends to adhere not only to the surface of the foam but also to the cell skeleton and cell membrane inside the foam, and once the boron compound adheres, it tends to be difficult to fall off and easily adhere to the desired form. It can be an amount.

連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームを製造する方法としては、従来公知のポリウレタンフォームの製造方法をそのまま適用することができ、プレポリマー法、ワンショット法、部分プレポリマー法等いずれの方法でも良い。   As a method for producing an open-celled polyurethane foam, a conventionally known polyurethane foam production method can be applied as it is, and any method such as a prepolymer method, a one-shot method, or a partial prepolymer method may be used.

本発明の難燃性ポリウレタンフォームでは、ホウ素化合物が、ホウ素化合物水溶液の塗布、含浸または噴霧により付着されてなることが好ましい。
ホウ素化合物水溶液は、少なくともホウ酸(H3BO3)とホウ砂(Na247・10H2O)とを含むホウ素化合物を一定割合で水と混合して溶解させた水溶液を使用すればよいが、ホウ素化合物水溶液中のホウ素化合物濃度は15〜25重量%であることが好ましい。ホウ素化合物は通常水への溶解度が低いが、ホウ酸(H3BO3)100重量部に対し、ホウ砂(Na247・10H2O)を80〜180重量部の割合で水に添加するとホウ素化合物濃度が15〜25重量%という高濃度のホウ素化合物水溶液を得ることが可能となる。このようなホウ素化合物水溶液として、例えば、日本純良薬品株式会社製 商品名“ファイアレスB”などを用いてもよい。
このように、ホウ素化合物濃度が15〜25重量%のホウ素化合物水溶液を使用することにより、容易にホウ素化合物を連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームに0.01g/cm3以上付着させることができる。
In the flame-retardant polyurethane foam of the present invention, the boron compound is preferably attached by application, impregnation or spraying of an aqueous boron compound solution.
As the boron compound aqueous solution, an aqueous solution in which a boron compound containing at least boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) and borax (Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10H 2 O) is mixed with water at a certain ratio and dissolved is used. The boron compound concentration in the boron compound aqueous solution is preferably 15 to 25% by weight. Boron compounds usually have a low solubility in water, but 80 to 180 parts by weight of borax (Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10H 2 O) is added to 100 parts by weight of boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ). When it is added, it becomes possible to obtain a boron compound aqueous solution having a high boron compound concentration of 15 to 25% by weight. As such a boron compound aqueous solution, for example, trade name “Fireless B” manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd. may be used.
As described above, by using the boron compound aqueous solution having a boron compound concentration of 15 to 25% by weight, the boron compound can be easily attached to the open-cell polyurethane foam by 0.01 g / cm 3 or more.

また、本発明では、含浸の容易性や付着量の向上を考慮すると、ホウ素化合物水溶液の粘度が30〜300cps(25℃)であることが好ましく、100〜300cps(25℃)がより好ましい。このような粘度であれば、容易に所望量のホウ素化合物を連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの表面および内部に均一かつ確実に付着させることができる。なお、本発明において規定する粘度は、25℃における粘度を指す。
ホウ素化合物水溶液の粘度が低すぎると、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームへのホウ素化合物の付着量の低下や付着ムラが生じやすいうえ、後述の乾燥工程における液だれのロスも大きくなる。高すぎれば、ホウ素化合物水溶液が連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォーム中に浸透しにくいため生産性に劣るものとなり、また得られる連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの圧縮残留歪みが大きくなる等、物性に問題が生じるおそれがある。
In the present invention, the viscosity of the boron compound aqueous solution is preferably 30 to 300 cps (25 ° C.), more preferably 100 to 300 cps (25 ° C.) in consideration of the ease of impregnation and the improvement of the adhesion amount. With such a viscosity, a desired amount of boron compound can be easily and uniformly attached to the surface and inside of the open-cell polyurethane foam. In addition, the viscosity prescribed | regulated in this invention points out the viscosity in 25 degreeC.
If the viscosity of the boron compound aqueous solution is too low, the amount of boron compound adhered to the open-celled polyurethane foam tends to be reduced and uneven adhesion occurs, and the dripping loss in the drying process described later also increases. If it is too high, the boron compound aqueous solution will not easily permeate into the open-celled polyurethane foam, resulting in poor productivity, and the resulting open-celled polyurethane foam may have increased compressive residual strain, which may cause problems in physical properties. is there.

ホウ素化合物水溶液の粘度を上記範囲に調整する方法は種々挙げられるが、増粘剤を添加することが簡便である。
増粘剤としては、水溶性のものが好適であり、例えば、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリアクリル酸部分中和物、カルボキシビニルポリマー、キサンタンガム、カラギーナン、ポリビニルアルコール、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ゼラチン、ヒアルロン酸、チューベロース多糖、ヒドロキシエチルセルロースとその誘導体などが挙げられ、使用用途により適宜、上記のものを組み合わせて使用することもできる。
これら増粘剤の添加量については、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームへのホウ素化合物の付着させたい量にも左右されるが、ホウ素化合物水溶液に1〜15重量%程度添加すればよい。
There are various methods for adjusting the viscosity of the aqueous boron compound solution to the above range, but it is easy to add a thickener.
As the thickener, water-soluble ones are suitable, for example, sodium polyacrylate, partially neutralized polyacrylic acid, carboxyvinyl polymer, xanthan gum, carrageenan, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, tuberose. Examples thereof include polysaccharides, hydroxyethyl cellulose and derivatives thereof, and the above can be used in combination as appropriate depending on the intended use.
The amount of the thickener added depends on the amount of boron compound to be attached to the open cell polyurethane foam, but it may be added to the boron compound aqueous solution at about 1 to 15% by weight.

このようなホウ素化合物水溶液には、必要に応じて、消泡剤、増量剤、ウレタン系樹脂、酢酸ビニル系樹脂、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂などのエマルジョン、自己乳化型ポリウレタン系樹脂、染料、着色剤など各種の添加剤を配合してもよい。   In such an aqueous boron compound solution, if necessary, an antifoaming agent, an extender, a urethane resin, a vinyl acetate resin, an emulsion such as an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, a self-emulsifying polyurethane resin, a dye, You may mix | blend various additives, such as a coloring agent.

本発明では、以上のようなホウ素化合物水溶液を、発泡成形した後の連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームに、塗布、含浸または噴霧することで、ホウ素化合物をフォームの表面および内部に均一に0.01g/cm3以上付着させることができる。
この発泡成形した連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームは、ブロック状のものであっても、厚みを2〜20mm程度に裁断したシート状のものであってもよい。
In the present invention, the boron compound aqueous solution as described above is applied, impregnated or sprayed onto the open-celled polyurethane foam after foam molding, so that the boron compound is uniformly applied to the surface and the inside of the foam by 0.01 g / cm 3. 3 or more can be attached.
The foamed open cell polyurethane foam may be in the form of a block or a sheet having a thickness cut to about 2 to 20 mm.

発泡成形後の連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームに、ホウ素化合物水溶液を塗布、含浸または噴霧する方法としては、ロールコーター法、ディッピング法、スプレー法等が挙げられるが、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの表面だけでなく内部まで該水溶液が浸透するように、予め絞り機を通す等、発泡成形後の連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームを圧縮した状態で塗布、含浸または噴霧を行うことが好ましい。そのなかでも、ホウ素化合物水溶液がフォームの内部にまで容易に浸透できる含浸による付着が好ましい。塗布または噴霧による付着の場合は、ホウ素化合物水溶液の粘度を低くしたり、高圧下で付着させる等の手段をとってもよい。   Examples of methods for applying, impregnating or spraying an aqueous boron compound solution to an open-celled polyurethane foam after foam molding include a roll coater method, a dipping method, and a spray method. Application, impregnation or spraying is preferably performed in a compressed state of the open-cell polyurethane foam after foam molding, such as passing through a squeezing machine in advance so that the aqueous solution penetrates into the inside. Among these, adhesion by impregnation that allows the boron compound aqueous solution to easily penetrate into the foam is preferable. In the case of adhesion by application or spraying, measures such as lowering the viscosity of the boron compound aqueous solution or adhesion under high pressure may be taken.

ホウ素化合物水溶液を連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームに塗布、含浸または噴霧した後、乾燥させる。
本発明では、乾燥させる前に、塗布、含浸または噴霧した連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームを絞り機にかけてもよく、このとき絞り機のロール間隔を調節する(すなわち、絞り具合を調節する)ことで付着量をコントロールしてもよい。
乾燥条件については、連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの種類や形状、サイズなどにより適宜設定すればよいが、ホウ素化合物の付着後直ちに乾燥させ高速で水分をとばすと、ホウ素化合物がセル中で凝集しやすく、脱落しにくくなる傾向があり好ましい。
An aqueous boron compound solution is applied to, impregnated or sprayed on an open-celled polyurethane foam and then dried.
In the present invention, the open-celled polyurethane foam coated, impregnated or sprayed may be applied to a squeezing machine before drying. At this time, the amount of adhesion is adjusted by adjusting the roll interval of the squeezing machine (that is, adjusting the squeezing degree). May be controlled.
The drying conditions may be set as appropriate depending on the type, shape, size, etc. of the open-cell polyurethane foam, but if the boron compound is dried immediately after adhesion of the boron compound and moisture is removed at a high speed, the boron compound tends to aggregate in the cell, It tends to be difficult to drop off, which is preferable.

以上のような難燃性ポリウレタンフォームに、アルミガラスクロス等のアルミニウム素材を貼り合わせることにより、発熱性試験(コーンカロリーメーター試験)で不燃材料に要求される性能を満たす材料としてもよい。   It is good also as a material which satisfy | fills the performance requested | required of a nonflammable material by the exothermic test (cone calorimeter test) by bonding aluminum materials, such as an aluminum glass cloth, to the above flame-retardant polyurethane foam.

実施例1〜3,6,7、比較例1,5,6
表1に示すホウ素化合物濃度(重量%)と粘度とを有するホウ素化合物水溶液をそれぞれ調整した。具体的には、ホウ酸(H3BO3)とホウ砂(Na247・10H2O)とを含むホウ素化合物水溶液としては、日本純良薬品株式会社製 商品名"ファイアレスB"を希釈または濃縮して使用し、また、粘度については、増粘剤(昭和電工株式会社製 商品名"ビスコメートSL−104Y")の添加量により調整した。
各ホウ素化合物水溶液に、表1に示す密度(Kg/m3、JIS K7222準拠)とセル数(個/25mm)とを有する連続気泡性軟質ポリウレタンフォーム(厚さ10mm)をディッピング法により含浸させ、絞り機を通した後、ヒーターにより乾燥(120℃、60分)させた。
得られたポリウレタンフォームは、いずれも表面および内部にホウ素化合物が付着していることが確認された。
Examples 1 to 3, 6, 7 and Comparative Examples 1, 5 , 6
Boron compound aqueous solutions having the boron compound concentration (% by weight) and viscosity shown in Table 1 were prepared. Specifically, as an aqueous boron compound solution containing boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) and borax (Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10H 2 O), a product name “Fireless B” manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd. The viscosity was adjusted by the amount of thickener (trade name “Viscomate SL-104Y” manufactured by Showa Denko KK) added.
Each boron compound aqueous solution was impregnated with an open-celled flexible polyurethane foam (thickness 10 mm) having the density (Kg / m 3 , JIS K7222 conformity) and the number of cells (cells / 25 mm) shown in Table 1 by a dipping method, After passing through the squeezer, it was dried (120 ° C., 60 minutes) with a heater.
It was confirmed that the obtained polyurethane foam had a boron compound adhered to the surface and the inside.

得られた各ポリウレタンフォームについて、A)ホウ素化合物の付着量(g/cm3)、B)ホウ素化合物の付着ムラ、C)圧縮残留歪み、D)外観、E)燃焼性を評価し、その結果を併せて表1に示す。 About each obtained polyurethane foam, A) adhesion amount (g / cm < 3 >) of a boron compound, B) adhesion nonuniformity of a boron compound, C) compression residual distortion, D) external appearance, E) flammability were evaluated, and the result Are also shown in Table 1.

B)付着ムラについては、目視にて評価した。
「なし」・・・ホウ素化合物がフォームの表面および内部ともに均一に付着している。
「あり」・・・ホウ素化合物の表面および内部における付着が均一でない。
B) The adhesion unevenness was visually evaluated.
“None”: The boron compound is uniformly attached on the surface and inside of the foam.
“Yes” —The adhesion of the boron compound on the surface and inside is not uniform.

C)圧縮残留歪みについては、JIS K6400に規定される要領に沿って測定した。圧縮残留歪みが7%を下回るものを「○」、7〜10%以内のものを「△」、10%を超えるものを「×」とした。   C) About the compression residual distortion, it measured along the procedure prescribed | regulated to JISK6400. The case where the compression residual strain was less than 7% was rated as “◯”, the case where it was within 7 to 10% as “Δ”, and the case where it exceeded 10% as “X”.

D)外観については、発泡体の性状を評価し、亀裂のないものを「良」、亀裂が生じているものを「否」とした。   D) As for the appearance, the properties of the foam were evaluated, and those having no cracks were evaluated as “good” and those having cracks were determined as “No”.

E)燃焼性については、以下の項目について評価を行った。
1.バーナーの炎をあて着火の有無を調べた。
2.JIS K7201に規定される要領に沿って酸素指数を測定した。数値が概ね21以上であれば、「難燃性」の条件を満たすといえる。
3.米国の燃焼規格UL−94に準じて測定した。
4.各ポリウレタンフォームに厚さ150μmのアルミガラスクロスを張り合わせ、コーンカロリーメーターによる発熱性試験(ISO 5660−1)を行った。
E) Regarding the combustibility, the following items were evaluated.
1. A burner flame was applied to check for ignition.
2. The oxygen index was measured according to the procedure defined in JIS K7201. If the numerical value is approximately 21 or more, it can be said that the condition of “flame retardant” is satisfied.
3. The measurement was performed according to the US combustion standard UL-94.
4). An aluminum glass cloth having a thickness of 150 μm was laminated to each polyurethane foam, and a heat generation test (ISO 5660-1) using a cone calorimeter was performed.

比較例2
実施例1で用いた連続気泡性軟質ポリウレタンフォーム(厚さ10mm)について、ホウ素化合物水溶液への含浸を一切行わずに、上記A)〜E)の項目に関し評価した結果を併せて表1に示す。
Comparative Example 2
Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the open-celled flexible polyurethane foam (thickness 10 mm) used in Example 1 with respect to the items A) to E) without impregnating the aqueous boron compound solution. .

比較例3
連続気泡性軟質ポリウレタンフォーム(厚さ10mm)の片面に、ホウ素化合物水溶液をスプレー法により噴霧した以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。得られたポリウレタンフォームの断面を観察すると、フォームの内部および噴霧していない面においてはホウ素化合物が付着していなかった。
上記A)〜E)の項目に関し評価した結果を併せて表1に示す。なお、ホウ素化合物の付着量(A)と付着ムラ(B)については、フォームのホウ素化合物水溶液を噴霧した面において測定した。
Comparative Example 3
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that an aqueous boron compound solution was sprayed on one side of an open-celled flexible polyurethane foam (thickness 10 mm) by a spray method. When the cross section of the obtained polyurethane foam was observed, the boron compound did not adhere to the inside of the foam and the non-sprayed surface.
Table 1 shows the results of evaluations on the items A) to E). In addition, about the adhesion amount (A) and adhesion nonuniformity (B) of a boron compound, it measured on the surface sprayed with the boron compound aqueous solution of foam.

比較例4、参考例1
表2に示す各成分を同表中の配合割合にしたがって、連続気泡性軟質ポリウレタンフォームを製造した。
得られた各ポリウレタンフォーム(厚さ10mm)について、上記A)〜E)の項目に関し評価した結果を併せて表2に示す。
Comparative Example 4, Reference Example 1
Open-celled flexible polyurethane foams were produced in accordance with the blending ratios of the components shown in Table 2 in the same table.
The obtained polyurethane foams (thickness 10 mm) are shown in Table 2 together with the results of evaluation regarding the items A) to E).

(使用原料)
・ポリオール(ポリエーテル系ポリオール)―三井化学ポリウレタン社製 商品名“79−56”
・難燃剤―日本純良薬品株式会社製 商品名“ファイアレスB”(上記実施例1で使用したものと同じものを乾燥しパウダー状にし使用した)
・整泡剤―東レ・ダウコーニング社製 商品名“SH−192”
・触媒1―トリエチレジアミンの67%DPG溶液
・触媒2―スタナスオクトエート
・ポリイソシアネート―三井化学ポリウレタン社製 商品名“コスモネートT−80”
(Raw material)
・ Polyol (polyether-based polyol)-product name "79-56" manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Polyurethanes
・ Flame retardant-Nippon Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd. Brand name "Fireless B" (The same one used in Example 1 above was dried and used in powder form)
・ Foam stabilizer-product name "SH-192" manufactured by Toray Dow Corning
・ Catalyst 1-67% DPG solution of triethylenediamine ・ Catalyst 2 -Stanas octoate ・ Polyisocyanate-Product name “Cosmonate T-80”

表1から、ホウ素化合物の付着量が0.01g/cm3未満である比較例1〜3では、十分な難燃性が得られないことがわかる。
また、表2において、比較例4は、実施例1と同じ密度とセル数とを有する軟質ポリウレタンフォームに、ホウ素化合物を0.01g/cm3以上含有させようと難燃剤を多く配合した例であるが、フォーム自体を形成することができなかったため、密度、セル、物性評価等をすべて「−」とした。一方、参考例1は、軟質ポリウレタンフォームの密度を上げることで、ホウ素化合物の含有量を0.01g/cm3に近づけようと試みた例であるが、やはり高い難燃性は得られなかった。
From Table 1, it can be seen that in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in which the adhesion amount of the boron compound is less than 0.01 g / cm 3 , sufficient flame retardancy cannot be obtained.
In Table 2, Comparative Example 4 is an example in which a flexible polyurethane foam having the same density and cell number as in Example 1 is blended with a large amount of a flame retardant so as to contain 0.01 g / cm 3 or more of a boron compound. However, since the foam itself could not be formed, the density, cell, physical property evaluation, etc. were all set to “−”. On the other hand, Reference Example 1 is an example in which the density of the flexible polyurethane foam was increased to try to bring the boron compound content closer to 0.01 g / cm 3 , but still high flame retardancy was not obtained. .

本発明の難燃性ポリウレタンフォームは、難燃性に優れ、アルミニウム素材等との貼り合わせにより不燃材料とすることもできるため、広範な分野に好適に使用され得る。
例えば、建築材料はもとより、電機部品等の工業資材製品、自動車部品、農業資材部品、家庭用品(家具、寝具、インテリアなど)、日用雑貨、包装用品、衣料用品などとして好適である。
Since the flame-retardant polyurethane foam of the present invention is excellent in flame retardancy and can be made into a non-flammable material by being bonded to an aluminum material or the like, it can be suitably used in a wide range of fields.
For example, it is suitable not only as a building material but also as an industrial material product such as an electric part, an automobile part, an agricultural material part, a household product (furniture, bedding, interior, etc.), a daily miscellaneous goods, a packaging product, and a clothing product.

Claims (2)

連続気泡性ポリウレタンフォームの表面および内部に、少なくともホウ酸(H3BO3)とホウ砂(Na247・10H2O)とを含むホウ素化合物が付着し、該付着量が0.01g/cm3以上であり、該ホウ素化合物が、粘度30〜300cps(25℃)のホウ素化合物水溶液を塗布、含浸または噴霧することにより付着されてなることを特徴とする難燃性ポリウレタンフォーム。 A boron compound containing at least boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) and borax (Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10H 2 O) adheres to the surface and the inside of the open-celled polyurethane foam. 01G / cm 3 or more der is, the boron compound, applying the aqueous solution of a boron compound of the viscosity 30~300cps (25 ℃), impregnated or flame-retardant polyurethane foam you characterized by comprising been deposited by spraying . ホウ素化合物水溶液中のホウ素化合物濃度が15〜25重量%であることを特徴とする請求項に記載の難燃性ポリウレタンフォーム。 The flame retardant polyurethane foam according to claim 1 , wherein the boron compound concentration in the boron compound aqueous solution is 15 to 25% by weight.
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