JP5499673B2 - Diaphragm three-way valve and differential pressure drainage system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a diaphragm three-way valve and a differential pressure drainage system that can be used in a medical suction device and a gas-liquid separator of a fuel cell.

  Conventionally, a large amount of perfusion water is used in a surgical operation, and it is necessary to suck and remove sewage discharged together with body fluid and blood of a patient. Water is also used in dentistry and otolaryngology treatments, and it is necessary to suck the sewage. Furthermore, even in the fuel cell, if the off gas containing water that was not absorbed by the solid polymer electrolyte membrane or water as a reaction product circulates to the fuel cell and adheres to the solid polymer membrane, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is significantly reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to perform off-gas gas-liquid separation.

  For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a medical vacuum device in which saliva or the like in a patient's oral cavity is guided to a vacuum tank that is negatively pressured by a suction pump through a vacuum syringe or a saliva ejector and its suction tube. ing. In this technique, it is disclosed that a first valve body and a second valve body are provided in a drain pipe line from a vacuum tank, and drainage is enabled by alternately opening and closing. However, this apparatus requires a pressurized air source for driving the first valve body in addition to the negative pressure source for suction, which increases the size of the apparatus and complicates the configuration, resulting in a high price. There is a problem of becoming.

  Patent Document 2 proposes an automatic water suction and drainage device that can automatically absorb and drain sewage at the time of surgery and can handle it at low cost without human intervention. In this technique, when the amount of sewage in the suction chamber reaches a predetermined amount, the liquid level sensor is activated to send a signal to the control panel, and the vacuum pump is stopped to temporarily stop the suction. At the same time, the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened, and the sewage stored in the suction chamber is dropped and moved into the drainage chamber. In this technique, the vacuum pump must be stopped once to discharge the sewage. Further, a large output is required to open and close the electromagnetic on-off valve in the presence of a differential pressure between the suction chamber and the drain chamber.

  Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a differential pressure valve using a diaphragm valve. In this technique, a mechanism for adjusting the pressure by opening and closing the first and second pilot valves by the operation of a shaft fixed to the diaphragm valve is shown, but it is not intended to release pressure.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-53060 JP 2003-325658 A JP 2002-228029 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the above-described technology, and an object thereof is to provide a diaphragm three-way valve and a differential pressure drainage system that have a simple structure and are small and inexpensive.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the diaphragm three-way valve according to the present invention has a casing having a sealing property and strength that can be blocked from the atmosphere, a diaphragm that separates the casing into a working chamber and a control chamber, and a connection to the working chamber. A diaphragm three-way valve comprising a connecting pipe and an exhaust pipe, wherein the working chamber is provided with an intake valve that opens and closes the outside, and an exhaust chamber that connects the exhaust pipe and the working chamber. In addition, a control valve is provided between a control pipe led from the control chamber and a negative pressure connection pipe connected to the exhaust pipe.

  The control valve is a switching valve, and it is preferable that the control chamber pressure can be switched between a negative pressure from the exhaust pipe and an atmospheric pressure.

  The intake valve is fixed to the diaphragm, and when the control chamber is set to a negative pressure, the working chamber is shut off from the outside and the working chamber becomes a negative pressure. Further, it is preferable that when the control chamber is brought to atmospheric pressure, the working chamber is opened to the outside so that the working chamber is at atmospheric pressure.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the exhaust chamber protrudes into the working chamber from a connection portion between the exhaust pipe and the working chamber, and has an exhaust port at an upper portion.

In the differential pressure drainage system according to the present invention, a gas-liquid separation chamber provided with a suction pipe and a negative pressure pipe, an intermediate chamber provided adjacent to the gas-liquid separation chamber, and provided adjacent to the intermediate chamber. A drainage chamber having a drainage pipe for communicating with the outside air, and the diaphragm three-way valve having the connection pipe connected to the intermediate chamber and the exhaust pipe connected to the negative pressure pipe, and the gas-liquid separation A drain port A having a drain valve A that is closed or opened according to the pressure difference between the two chambers is provided between the chamber and the intermediate chamber. A drainage port B having a drainage valve B that is closed or opened according to the pressure difference in the chamber is provided .

  It is preferable that the connecting pipe that connects the intermediate chamber and the diaphragm three-way valve is connected above the intermediate chamber.

  In the diaphragm three-way valve according to the present invention, only the negative pressure and the atmospheric pressure generated by the negative pressure generating source for suction are used, so that no other pressure source is required and the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Moreover, in the differential pressure drainage system according to the present invention, the control valve is opened and closed by the pressure shunt of the diaphragm three-way valve, so that the power can be reduced, and the control valve can be miniaturized, thereby greatly reducing the running cost. Is possible. Furthermore, suction and drainage can be performed while the negative pressure source is continuously operated.

  The details of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a diaphragm three-way valve according to the present invention. This diaphragm three-way valve includes a casing 1 having a sealing property and strength that can be cut off from the atmosphere, a diaphragm 2 that separates the casing 1 into a working chamber 3 and a control chamber 4, and a connection connected to the working chamber 3. The working chamber 3 is provided with an intake valve 13 that opens and closes the outside, and an exhaust chamber 21 that connects the exhaust pipe 6 and the working chamber 3. Furthermore, a control valve 31 is provided between the control pipe 32 led from the control chamber 4 and the negative pressure connection pipe 34 led from the negative pressure pipe 6.

  FIG. 1 shows a stop state of a diaphragm three-way valve according to the present invention. Since a negative pressure source (not shown) such as a vacuum pump at the end of the exhaust pipe 6 is stopped, the intake valve 13 is opened in the working chamber 3 and is maintained at atmospheric pressure. On the other hand, the control valve 31 such as a solenoid valve shuts off the negative pressure connecting pipe 34 side and opens the atmosphere inlet 33 side, so that the inside of the control chamber 4 is also maintained at atmospheric pressure.

  When operating this diaphragm three-way valve, the negative pressure generation source connected to the exhaust pipe 6 is operated, and the control valve 31 is switched to the negative pressure connection pipe 34 side. As a result, the pressure in the control chamber 4 and the working chamber 3 is reduced, but the working chamber 3 and the control chamber 4 are open because the intake valve 13 is opened in the working chamber 3 compared to the control chamber 4 being sealed. A differential pressure is generated between Due to this differential pressure, the diaphragm 2 moves upward in FIG. 1, that is, in the direction of decreasing the capacity of the control chamber 4. By this operation, the intake valve element 12 fixed to the diaphragm 2 also moves upward, and the intake valve 13 is closed. Along with this, the inside of the working chamber 3 is depressurized, and a negative pressure is generated in the device connected to the connecting pipe 5. FIG. 2 shows this state. At this time, since the device connected to the connection pipe 5 is not sealed, the differential pressure between the working chamber 3 and the control chamber 4 remains, and the closed state of the intake valve 13 is also maintained.

  Even if liquid such as water is mixed in the fluid sucked from the connection pipe 5, it accumulates in the working chamber 3, and the exhaust port 22 is provided in the upper part of the exhaust chamber 21. 6 is not mixed. When the control valve 31 is switched to the atmosphere inlet 33 side, the pressure in the control chamber 4 increases and the diaphragm 2 is pushed downward. Finally, as shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust port 22 is closed by the movement of the diaphragm 2 to stop the decompression, and the intake valve 13 is opened so that the atmosphere flows into the working chamber 3 and the connection pipe 5. Increase the pressure of the connected device to atmospheric pressure.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a differential pressure drainage system according to the present invention. This differential pressure drainage system has a drainage port A105 provided with a drainage valve A106 that is closed during decompression, a gas-liquid separation chamber 101 to which a suction pipe 103 and a negative pressure pipe 104 are connected, and the gas-liquid separation chamber 101. An intermediate chamber 102 having a drain port B107 having a drain valve B108 that is closed when decompressing, adjacent to the drain port A105, and a drain chamber 109 adjacent to the drain valve B108, one connected to the intermediate chamber 102 and the other It comprises a diaphragm three-way valve 121 connected to the negative pressure pipe 104.

  FIG. 4 shows a stopped state of the differential pressure drainage system. Since a negative pressure generation source (not shown) such as a vacuum pump at the tip of the negative pressure pipe 104 is stopped, the drain valve A106 is opened in the gas-liquid separation chamber 101 and maintained at atmospheric pressure. On the other hand, also in the diaphragm three-way valve 121, the control valve 31 such as a solenoid valve shuts off the negative pressure connection pipe 34 side and opens the atmosphere inlet 33 side, and the negative pressure generation source also stops as described above. Therefore, the pressures in the control chamber 4 and the working chamber 3 are also the same as the atmospheric pressure, and therefore the intermediate chamber 102 connected to the diaphragm three-way valve 121 is also maintained at the atmospheric pressure.

When operating this differential pressure drainage system, the negative pressure generation source connected to the negative pressure pipe 104 is started. As a result, the pressure inside the gas-liquid separation chamber 101 is reduced, the drain valve A106 is closed, and the drain port A105 is closed, so that the target fluid is sucked through the suction pipe 103. FIG. 5 shows this state. In this state, the target fluid accumulates in the gas-liquid separation chamber 101, and only the gas is discharged through the negative pressure tube 104.

  In order to discharge the accumulated target fluid, the control valve 31 of the diaphragm three-way valve 121 is switched to the negative pressure connection pipe 34 side. As a result, the pressure in the control chamber 4 and the working chamber 3 is reduced, but the working chamber 3 and the control chamber 4 are open because the intake valve 13 is opened in the working chamber 3 compared to the control chamber 4 being sealed. A differential pressure is generated between Due to this differential pressure, the diaphragm 2 moves upward in FIG. 1, that is, in the direction of decreasing the capacity of the control chamber 4. By this operation, the intake valve element 12 fixed to the diaphragm 2 also moves upward, and the intake valve 13 is closed. Accordingly, the inside of the working chamber 3 is depressurized, and a negative pressure is generated in the intermediate chamber 102 connected to the connection pipe 5. Accordingly, the pressure in the intermediate chamber 102 is reduced, the drain valve B108 is closed, and the drain port B107 is closed. In this state, the pressure in the intermediate chamber 102 is lower than that in the gas-liquid separation chamber 101 into which the target fluid is sucked. Accordingly, the drain valve A106 is opened, and the fluid in the gas-liquid separation chamber 101 moves into the intermediate chamber 102. FIG. 6 shows this state.

  Subsequently, when the control valve 31 is switched to the atmospheric inlet 33 side, the pressure in the control chamber 4 increases and the diaphragm 2 is pushed downward. Finally, as shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust port 22 is closed by the movement of the diaphragm 2 to stop the decompression, and the intake valve 13 is opened so that the atmosphere flows into the working chamber 3 and the connection pipe 5. The pressure in the connected intermediate chamber 102 is increased to atmospheric pressure. When the air flows into the intermediate chamber 102 and the pressure increases, the drain valve A106 is closed and the drain port A105 is closed. On the other hand, since the differential pressure between the intermediate chamber 102 and the drain chamber 109 is eliminated, the drain valve B108 is opened by its own weight. Thereby, the fluid in the intermediate chamber 102 is discharged to the drain chamber 109 through the drain port B107. FIG. 7 shows this state.

  As described above, in the differential pressure drainage pump according to the present invention, the gas-liquid separation chamber and the intermediate chamber can be decompressed and returned to the atmospheric pressure by the operation of the three-way valve even if the suction circuit is filled with fluid. Drainage is possible with the pressure source operating.

  As described above, the diaphragm three-way valve according to the present invention operates the diaphragm using only the negative pressure and the atmospheric pressure for suction, so that a diaphragm three-way valve having a simple structure and an inexpensive structure can be provided. Further, in the differential pressure drainage system according to the present invention, since a small-capacity control valve can be used as a diaphragm driving control valve, a small and inexpensive drainage system can be realized.

It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the structure of the diaphragm three-way valve by this invention. It is a figure which shows the state at the time of the suction of the diaphragm three-way valve shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state at the time of discharge | emission of the diaphragm three-way valve shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the structure of the differential pressure drainage system by this invention. It is a figure which shows the state at the time of operation | movement of the differential pressure drainage system shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state at the time of the fluid movement of the differential pressure drainage system shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state at the time of discharge | emission of the differential pressure drainage system shown in FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing | casing 2 Diaphragm 3 Actuation room 4 Control room 5 Connection pipe 6 Exhaust pipe 11 Atmospheric introduction port 12 Intake valve element 13 Intake valve 21 Exhaust room 22 Exhaust port 31 Control valve 32 Control pipe 33 Large air flow inlet 34 Negative pressure connection pipe 101 Gas-liquid separation chamber 102 Intermediate chamber 103 Suction pipe 104 Negative pressure pipe 105 Drain port A
106 Drain valve A
107 Drain B
108 Drain valve B
109 Drainage chamber 110 Drainage pipe 121 Diaphragm three-way valve

Claims (6)

A diaphragm three-way valve comprising a casing having a sealing property and strength capable of blocking from the atmosphere, a diaphragm separating the casing into a working chamber and a control chamber, and a connection pipe and an exhaust pipe connected to the working chamber. The working chamber is provided with an intake valve that opens and closes to the outside, an exhaust chamber that connects the exhaust pipe and the working chamber, and a control pipe led from the control chamber and the exhaust A diaphragm three-way valve, characterized in that a control valve is provided between the negative pressure connection pipe connected to the pipe. The diaphragm three-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the control valve is a switching valve, and the control chamber pressure can be switched between a negative pressure from the exhaust pipe and an atmospheric pressure. Said intake valve is fixed to the diaphragm, said working chamber shuts off the working chamber from the outside when said control chamber is a negative pressure is Ri Do negative pressure and said control chamber is at atmospheric pressure 3. The diaphragm three-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the working chamber is opened to the outside when the working chamber is opened, and the working chamber is at atmospheric pressure. The diaphragm three-way according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the exhaust chamber protrudes into the working chamber from a connection portion between the exhaust pipe and the working chamber, and has an exhaust port at an upper portion thereof. valve. A gas-liquid separation chamber having a suction pipe and a negative pressure pipe; an intermediate chamber provided adjacent to the gas-liquid separation chamber; and a drain pipe provided adjacent to the intermediate chamber to communicate with the outside air A differential pressure drainage system comprising: a drainage chamber; and the diaphragm three-way valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connection pipe is connected to the intermediate chamber and the exhaust pipe is connected to the negative pressure pipe. A drain port A having a drain valve A that is closed or opened in accordance with a differential pressure between the two chambers is provided between the gas-liquid separation chamber and the intermediate chamber . A differential pressure drainage system having a drainage port B provided with a drainage valve B that is closed or opened in accordance with the differential pressure between the two chambers . 6. The differential pressure drainage system according to claim 5, wherein a connecting pipe that connects the intermediate chamber and the diaphragm three-way valve is connected above the intermediate chamber.

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