JP5498878B2 - Transmitting apparatus and receiving apparatus in polarization MIMO transmission system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a polarization MIMO transmission system using polarization MIMO (Multiple Input / Multiple Output), and more particularly to a transmission device and a reception device in a polarization MIMO transmission system using a polarization MIMO scheme.

  In a transmission system using the MIMO scheme (hereinafter referred to as a “polarization MIMO transmission system”), a transmission device, for example, allocates a plurality of different data signals provided in a broadcasting station to each of a plurality of transmission antennas. The OFDM signal is transmitted by a broadcast wave on the same frequency or in a state where frequency bands overlap. This OFDM signal is transmitted through a plurality of channels, and the receiving apparatus receives the plurality of OFDM signals by a plurality of receiving antennas and propagates from each of the plurality of OFDM signals. By estimating and separating the transfer function for each path, it is possible to demodulate a plurality of different data signals transmitted from the transmission apparatus.

  There is also known a communication system that uses a MIMO system composed of a plurality of antennas having different polarization directions (hereinafter referred to as “polarization MIMO communication system”) (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this communication system, in order to perform adaptive reception in an adaptive manner corresponding to a sequentially changing reception environment, a method in which a distance between antenna elements is increased to some extent and an antenna element having a different polarization direction are installed. This is a technology for receiving by using different combinations.

  On the other hand, as illustrated in FIG. 10, a general polarization MIMO transmission system includes a transmission device 100 including N transmission antennas 101 and a reception device 200 including M reception antennas 201. An example is shown. For example, the transmission apparatus 100 allocates N different data signals provided in a broadcasting station to each of the N transmission antennas 101, and transmits OFDM signals by broadcast waves on the same frequency or in a state where frequency bands overlap each other. Is a terminal device. In the example illustrated in FIG. 10, the OFDM signal transmitted from the transmission apparatus 100 is transmitted through a plurality of channels. The receiving device 200 is, for example, a base station device, a relay station device, or a mobile terminal, and estimates and separates the transfer function for each propagation path that has passed from the received multiple-system OFDM signals, and is transmitted from the transmitting device 100 A plurality of different data signals can be demodulated. In the polarization MIMO transmission system, the configuration shown in FIG. 10 includes two transmitting antennas (N = 2) and two receiving antennas (M = 2). The transmitting side and the receiving side respectively have # 1 as horizontal polarization and # 2 as Used as vertical polarization.

  In broadcasting using MIMO, propagation path information cannot be shared with a specific receiving apparatus on the transmission side, so it is important to efficiently separate a plurality of signals transmitted by MIMO on the reception side. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, in the case of 2 × 2 MIMO of two antennas on the transmission side (H polarization / V polarization) and two reception sides (H polarization / V polarization) for simplicity, the received H In order to separate the transmitted H-polarization and V-polarization information from the polarization / V-polarization signal, the receiving apparatus uses each of the transmission / reception antennas based on a known signal such as a pilot signal embedded in the signal. Estimate inter-channel characteristics. This propagation path characteristic can be mainly divided into “cross polarization characteristics of transmission antenna”, “propagation characteristics of propagation path”, and “cross polarization characteristics of reception antenna”.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a model for estimating a propagation path in a conventional receiving apparatus. A received signal in the MIMO transmission can be expressed by adding noise (N) to the transmission signals T _X1 and T _X2 obtained by performing a matrix operation on the propagation path characteristics H as shown in Equation (1). Note that H is a complex matrix, each element h _mn indicates the frequency response characteristic of the propagation path from the transmitting antenna m to the receiving antenna n, and each component of the orthogonal signal is Re (h _mn (k)) or Im It can be expressed in the form of (h _mn (k)). k is a carrier number of the OFDM signal, Re (h _mn (k)) represents a real number (real) or in-phase component of the carrier number k, and Im (h _mn (k)) is an imaginary number of the carrier number k. (Img) or orthogonal component.

JP 2004-321381 A

  In both the polarization MIMO communication system and the polarization MIMO transmission system described above, the accuracy of polarization separation in the receiver is an important factor that determines the transmission capacity of the system.

  The propagation path characteristics performed by the conventional receiver include “transmission antenna cross polarization characteristics”, “propagation path propagation characteristics”, and “reception antenna cross polarization characteristics”. As described above, the conventional receiving apparatus estimates based on the received pilot signals for all these characteristics.

  In addition, since a transmission antenna used in broadcasting generally transmits radio waves over a wide horizontal angle range, a plurality of transmission antenna elements are often combined to form one antenna as shown in FIGS. . FIGS. 13 and 14 show a combination of four horizontal surfaces and one vertical direction. As a combination, a plurality of stage elements may be arranged in the vertical direction.

  More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, a transmission antenna apparatus that transmits radio waves in a horizontal angle range transmits to both antennas 102 both horizontally and vertically polarized waves. The transmission antenna apparatus is provided with an antenna 101a (consisting of the same transmission antenna elements 101a-1 to 101a-4). FIG. 13A is a perspective view of a transmitting antenna device that transmits radio waves in a horizontal angle range. FIG. 13B is a top view of a transmitting antenna device that transmits radio waves in the horizontal angle range. That is, in the transmission antenna device that transmits radio waves in the horizontal angle range, the horizontal and vertical transmission antennas 101 a for both polarized waves are installed on one antenna support column 102.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a directivity pattern related to the transmission antenna device for both horizontal and vertical polarizations in FIGS. 13 (A) and 13 (B). In FIG. 14, the horizontal and vertical polarizations are shown to radiate radio waves uniformly in the horizontal angle range (indicated by circles in the figure), but as shown in FIG. There is a bias.

  That is, when such a transmission antenna apparatus is used, the directivity characteristic of the horizontal plane varies depending on the angle. In broadcasting, which is a service of 1 (transmission) vs. unspecified majority (reception), the cross polarization information of the transmission antennas is slightly different depending on the position of the receiving devices 200-1 and 200-2. .

  Therefore, conventionally, a receiving apparatus that performs polarization MIMO has performed signal separation by estimating propagation path characteristics including cross-polarization characteristics of transmission and reception antennas, and thus has a limit in signal separation accuracy.

  An object of the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problem, and is a transmission apparatus in a polarization MIMO transmission system using a polarization MIMO system that enables a plurality of signal separations accurately with respect to a reception apparatus. And providing a receiving apparatus.

A transmission apparatus according to the present invention is a polarization MIMO transmission system that uses a polarization MIMO (Multiple Input / Multiple Output) system that includes a transmission apparatus having a plurality of transmission antennas and a reception apparatus having a plurality of reception antennas. A data carrier that has a predetermined C / N with a predetermined C / N for transmitting antenna cross polarization characteristics information for each transmission angle and information on latitude, longitude, and altitude of the transmission antenna, which is measured in advance for each transmission system. have a means for transmitting to the receiving apparatus using the cross polarization characteristic information and the longitude, latitude and altitude information, in the receiving apparatus, and the transmitting antenna of the transmission path characteristic between the receiving antenna It is used for estimation .

  Further, in the transmission apparatus according to the present invention, when transmitting data signals of a plurality of transmission systems as OFDM subcarriers of each transmission system, a pilot signal is arranged in each OFDM subcarrier at a fixed period and a transmission control signal is transmitted. The OFDM frame configuration unit for each transmission system includes an OFDM frame configuration unit for each transmission system, and the OFDM frame configuration unit for each transmission system includes a cross-polarization characteristic of a transmission antenna for each transmission angle measured in advance for each transmission system. The information processing apparatus includes means for multiplexing an information and latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmission antenna as a data carrier having a small required C / N with a transmission control signal to form an OFDM frame.

  Further, in the transmission apparatus according to the present invention, the OFDM frame configuration unit for each transmission system includes cross-polarization characteristic information and transmission for each polarization of the transmission antenna for each transmission angle measured in advance for each transmission system for each polarization. It is characterized by having means for multiplexing the information of the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the antenna on an AC signal to form an OFDM frame.

  Furthermore, the receiving apparatus according to the present invention is a polarization MIMO transmission that uses a polarization input MIMO (Multiple Input / Multiple Output) system composed of a transmitting apparatus having a plurality of transmitting antennas and a receiving apparatus having a plurality of receiving antennas. A receiving device in the system, which holds in advance cross-polarization characteristic information of a receiving antenna for each polarization and information on latitude / longitude / altitude of the receiving antenna, and for each polarization transmitted from the transmitting device, and Means for extracting cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmission antenna for each transmission angle and latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmission antenna from a predetermined data carrier having a small required C / N; Cross-polarization of transmitting antennas by wave characteristics information and receiving antenna latitude / longitude / altitude information and the polarization and transmission angle Means for constructing a propagation path characteristic model using the characteristic information and latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmitting antenna, and using the pilot signals transmitted from the transmission device according to the propagation path characteristic model, And a means for estimating propagation path characteristics between the transmission antenna and the plurality of reception antennas, and a means for separating a data signal for each transmission system based on the estimated propagation path characteristics.

  Further, in the receiving apparatus according to the present invention, the cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmitting antenna and the information on the latitude / longitude / altitude of the transmitting antenna, which are transmitted from the transmitting apparatus by polarization and transmission angle, are determined in advance. It is characterized by having means for extracting from the transmission control signal as a data carrier with a small required C / N.

  In the receiving apparatus according to the present invention, the cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmitting antenna and the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmitting antenna, which are transmitted from the transmitting apparatus by polarization and transmission angle, are deviated from the AC signal. Extract by wave, calculate the relative angle from the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmitting antenna and the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the receiving antenna, and transmit by the received polarization and transmission based on the calculated relative angle It has means for selecting the cross polarization characteristic information of the transmitting antenna for each angle and estimating the propagation path characteristic.

  By adopting the polarization MIMO transmission system according to the present invention, it is possible to separate signals with higher accuracy in many receivers scattered in the broadcast area that receive polarization MIMO broadcasts.

It is a figure which shows the model which estimates the propagation path in the receiver which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which estimates the propagation path between the transmitter which concerns on this invention, and a receiver. It is explanatory drawing which estimates the propagation path between the transmitter which concerns on this invention, and a receiver. It is a block diagram of the transmitting apparatus of one Example by this invention. It is a block diagram of the receiver of one Example by this invention. It is a block diagram of a MIMO separation unit in the receiving apparatus of one embodiment according to the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the directivity of the propagation path characteristic which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the directivity of the propagation path characteristic which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the estimation calculation which considered the directivity of the propagation path characteristic which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a general MIMO transmission system. It is a figure which shows the structure of 2x2 MIMO in a general MIMO transmission system. It is a figure which shows the model which estimates the propagation path in the conventional receiver. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the transmission antenna apparatus of (A) and (B) common horizontal and vertical polarization sharing. It is a figure explaining arrangement | positioning of the receiver which receives the electromagnetic wave from the transmission antenna apparatus common to general horizontal and vertical polarization. It is a figure which shows the outline of the directivity pattern of the transmission antenna apparatus common to general horizontal and vertical polarization. It is a figure which shows an example of the directivity pattern of the transmission antenna apparatus of a horizontal and vertical polarization.

  Hereinafter, a transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  First, the transmission apparatus according to the present invention transmits information on cross polarization characteristics of a transmission antenna using a specific carrier in a transmission signal. By transmitting the cross polarization characteristics of the transmission antenna to the reception apparatus in advance using a carrier using a modulation scheme with a small required C / N, the reception apparatus can know the cross polarization characteristics of the transmission antenna.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a model for estimating a propagation path in a receiving apparatus according to the present invention. The received signal in the MIMO transmission can be expressed by adding noise (N) to the transmission signals T _X1 and T _X2 obtained by _performing a matrix operation on the propagation path characteristic H _PRO as shown in Equation (2).

As shown in FIG. 1, the propagation path characteristics are “transmission antenna cross polarization characteristics (H _TX )”, “propagation path characteristics (H _PRO )”, and “reception antenna cross polarization characteristics (H _RX )”. It is divided into three.

The “cross-polarization characteristic (H _TX ) of the transmission antenna” is a characteristic unique to the transmission antenna, and is a numerical value (complex matrix of the corresponding frequency range) measured in advance.

Since “cross-polarization characteristics (H _RX ) of the receiving antenna” is a characteristic unique to the receiving antenna, a numerical value (complex matrix of the corresponding frequency range) measured in advance is registered in the receiving apparatus.

In this way, if the “cross-polarization characteristics (H _TX ) of the transmission antenna” can be transmitted to the reception device prior to transmission of the main signal (data signal), the reception device can receive the “cross-polarization characteristic of the transmission antenna”. It is possible to estimate “propagation path characteristic (H _PRO )” more accurately by using “cross-polarization characteristic (H _RX ) of receiving antenna” registered as “wave characteristic (H _TX )”. Become.

  However, when transmitting the “cross-polarization characteristics of the transmission antenna”, the transmission device according to the present invention transmits the “cross-polarization characteristics of the transmission antenna” and the “latitude / longitude of the transmission antenna” for each fixed angle of the transmission antenna. It is configured to transmit “altitude” information (see FIG. 2). The receiving device uses the information on the “latitude / longitude / altitude of the receiving antenna” held by itself and the information on the “latitude / longitude / altitude of the transmitting antenna” obtained from the transmitting device to determine the direction of the receiving antenna relative to the transmitting device. In particular, it is configured to perform MIMO signal separation using the “cross-polarization characteristics of the transmitting antenna” in the direction of the receiving antenna (see FIG. 3).

  Hereinafter, a transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described more specifically.

[Transmitter]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. For simplicity, the minimum number of antennas in the polarization MIMO transmission system is 2 × 2 of 2 antennas on the transmission side (H polarization and V polarization) and 2 antennas on the reception side (H polarization and V polarization). Although a polarization MIMO transmission system will be described, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to this example.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the transmission apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a horizontal polarization modulator 10a and a vertical polarization modulator 10b.

  The horizontal polarization modulation unit 10a includes an outer code unit 11a, a layer division unit 12a, inner code carrier modulation units 13a-1 to 13a-3, a layer synthesis unit 14a, a time interleave unit 15a, and a frequency interleave unit 16a. An OFDM frame configuration unit 17a, a pilot signal insertion unit 18a, a TMCC insertion unit 19a, an AC signal insertion unit 20a, a horizontally polarized wave transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 21a, an IFFT unit 22a, a guard interval An adding unit 23a, an orthogonal modulation unit 24a, and a transmission antenna latitude / longitude / altitude information setting unit 25a are provided.

  The vertical polarization modulation unit 10b includes an outer code unit 11b, a layer division unit 12b, inner code carrier modulation units 13b-1 to 13b-3, a layer synthesis unit 14b, a time interleave unit 15b, and a frequency interleave unit 16b. An OFDM frame configuration unit 17b, a pilot signal insertion unit 18b, a TMCC insertion unit 19b, an AC signal insertion unit 20b, a vertically polarized wave transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 21b, an IFFT unit 22b, a guard interval, An adding unit 23b, an orthogonal modulation unit 24b, and a latitude / longitude / altitude information setting unit 25b of the transmission antenna are provided.

  The internal configurations of the horizontal polarization modulation unit 10a and the vertical polarization modulation unit 10b are substantially the same except that the polarized waves to be processed are different from each other in the horizontal and vertical directions. The internal configuration will be described.

  The outer code unit 11a receives a TS data signal to be transmitted, and encodes, for example, a Reed-Solomon code. The data signal can be an energy-spread data signal. The layer dividing unit 12a divides the encoded data signal into a plurality of layer data. Each of the inner code carrier modulation units 13a-1 to 13a-3 performs carrier modulation on a plurality of hierarchical data.

  The layer combining unit 14a combines a plurality of layers of modulation signals to form a combined modulation signal. The time interleaving unit 15a performs time interleaving processing on the combined modulation signal. The frequency interleaving unit 16a performs frequency interleaving processing on the combined modulated signal subjected to time interleaving processing.

  The OFDM frame configuration unit 17a configures an OFDM frame from the combined modulation signal subjected to frequency interleaving processing. At this time, the OFDM frame configuration unit 17a arranges a pilot signal (SP: Scattered Pilot) signal at each fixed period in each OFDM subcarrier constituting the OFDM frame, and the data of the combined modulation signal, the AC signal ( Auxiliary carriers) and TMCC signals (Transmission and Multiplexing Configuration Control) are selectively allocated. The AC signal and the TMCC signal are collectively referred to as “transmission control signal”.

  The pilot signal insertion unit 18a inserts a pilot signal into the OFDM frame. The TMCC insertion unit 19a inserts a TMCC signal into the OFDM frame. The AC signal insertion unit 20a inserts an AC signal into the OFDM frame.

  The IFFT unit 22a receives the OFDM signal framed by the frame configuration unit 130, performs IFFT (inverse Fourier transform), and converts the frequency axis data into time axis data.

  The guard interval adding unit 23a receives the OFDM signal converted into time axis data by the IFFT unit 22a, and adds a guard interval (GI) signal to the OFDM signal.

  The quadrature modulation unit 24a receives the OFDM signal to which the GI signal is added by the guard interval signal addition unit 23a, and processes the OFDM signal that has been processed as a combination signal (complex number) of two real numbers and two imaginary numbers so far. Orthogonal modulation for orthogonalizing the signal and orthogonal signal is performed, and a horizontally polarized broadcast wave is transmitted by the transmitting antenna 101-1.

  The internal configuration of the horizontal polarization modulator 10a is the same as the internal configuration of the vertical polarization modulator 10b.

However, the horizontal polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 21a includes the cross polarization characteristic information of the horizontal polarization transmission antenna for each transmission angle in the "cross polarization characteristics (H _TX ) of the transmission antenna". (H _TX11 , h _TX21 ), cross polarization characteristic information (h _TX12 , h _TX22 ) of the vertically polarized wave transmission antenna, or both are set in a free area of the AC signal.

Also, the vertical polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 21b includes the cross polarization characteristic information of the transmission antenna for vertical polarization for each transmission angle in the “cross polarization characteristics (H _TX ) of transmission antenna”. (H _TX12 , h _TX22 ), cross polarization characteristic information (h _TX11 , h _TX21 ) of the horizontally polarized wave transmission antenna, or both are set in the free space of the AC signal.

Note that the horizontally polarized wave transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 21a and the vertically polarized wave transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 21b have cross polarization characteristic information (h _TX11 , h _TX21 ), cross-polarization characteristic information (h _TX12 , h _TX22 ) of the vertical-polarized transmission antenna for each _angle , or both of them can be set in a vacant area (reserved bit) of the TMCC signal. However, since the vacant area (reserved bit) of the TMCC signal is limited, considering that transmission is performed in a plurality of frames, multiplexing the cross-polarization characteristic information into the AC signal transmits with a smaller number of frames. There are advantages that are possible.

The latitude / longitude / altitude information setting unit 25a of the transmission antenna is similar to the transmission of “cross-polarization characteristics (H _TX ) of the transmission antenna”. The latitude / longitude / altitude information is set in the transmission control signal (for example, AC signal).

The latitude / longitude / altitude information setting unit 25b of the transmission antenna is similar to the transmission of “cross-polarization characteristics of transmission antenna (H _TX )”. The latitude / longitude / altitude information is set in the transmission control signal (for example, AC signal).

As described above, in the MIMO transmission, the transmission apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment uses the AC signal to transmit the “crossing polarization characteristics (H _TX ) of the transmission antenna” and the “latitude / longitude of the transmission antenna” for each transmission angle. • Transmit altitude information.

  Next, a receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[Receiver]
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the receiving apparatus 2 of the present embodiment includes a horizontal polarization demodulator 50a, a vertical polarization demodulator 50b, a horizontal polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 57a, and a vertical polarization Transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 57b, MIMO separation unit 58, reception antenna propagation path characteristic setting unit 59, reception antenna latitude / longitude / altitude information setting unit 60, time deinterleaving units 61a and 61b, frequency Deinterleaving units 62a and 62b, layer separation units 63a and 63b, intra-carrier demodulation code decoding units 61a-1, 61a-2 and 61a-3, and intra-carrier demodulation code decoding units 61b-1, 61b-2 and 61b -3, layer synthesis units 65a and 65b, outer code decoding units 66a and 66b, and transmission antenna latitude / longitude / altitude information extraction units 67a and 67b.

The horizontal polarization demodulation unit 50a includes an orthogonal demodulation unit 51a, a guard interval removal unit 52a, an FFT unit 53a, a frame separation unit 54a, a TMCC demodulation unit 55a, and an AC demodulation unit 56a. That is, in the horizontal polarization demodulator 50a, the quadrature demodulator 51a receives the received horizontal polarized broadcast wave, performs quadrature demodulation, separates it into an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal, and converts real and imaginary complex signals into At the same time, guard correlation is applied to detect the symbol timing which is the head of the symbol of the OFDM signal. The guard interval removing unit 52a removes the guard interval added according to the symbol timing to specify the effective symbol length, and the FFT unit 53a performs FFT processing to convert the time axis data into the frequency axis data, and the frame separating unit 54a separates a data signal, a pilot signal, etc. from the OFDM signal which comprises an OFDM frame, and extracts each signal. The TMCC demodulation unit 55a and the AC demodulation unit 56a demodulate and decode the TMCC signal and the AC signal, respectively, and extract the contents of the transmitted transmission control signal. The content of the transmission control signal to be extracted includes information such as a modulation method, a transmission mode, and a coding parameter as in the conventional case, but in the embodiment according to the present invention, the content is set to a free area of the AC signal. propagation path characteristic information _{(h TX11,} h _TX21) horizontally polarized transmission antenna or propagation path characteristic information _{(h TX12,} h _TX22) vertical polarization transmission antenna or the latitude and the both and transmission antenna horizontally polarized wave Extract longitude and altitude information.

The vertical polarization demodulator 50b includes an orthogonal demodulator 51b, a guard interval remover 52b, an FFT unit 53b, a frame separator 54b, a TMCC demodulator 55b, and an AC demodulator 56b. That is, in the vertical polarization demodulator 50b, the quadrature demodulator 51b receives the vertically polarized broadcast wave, performs quadrature demodulation, separates it into an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal, and converts real and imaginary complex signals into At the same time, guard correlation is applied to detect the symbol timing which is the head of the symbol of the OFDM signal. The guard interval removing unit 52b removes the guard interval added according to the symbol timing to specify the effective symbol length, and the FFT unit 53b performs FFT processing to convert the time axis data into the frequency axis data, and the frame separating unit 54b separates a data signal, a pilot signal, etc. from the OFDM signal which comprises an OFDM frame, and extracts each signal. The TMCC demodulator 55b and the AC demodulator 56b demodulate and decode the TMCC signal and the AC signal, respectively, and extract the contents of the transmitted transmission control signal. The content of the transmission control signal to be extracted includes information such as a modulation scheme, a transmission mode, and an encoding parameter as in the conventional case. In the embodiment according to the present invention, the transmission for vertical polarization is performed from the AC signal. The propagation path characteristic information of the antenna (h _TX12 , h _TX22 ), the propagation path characteristic information of the horizontal polarization transmission antenna (h _TX11 , h _TX21 ) or both, and the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmission antenna for vertical polarization Extract.

The horizontal polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 57a sets the cross polarization characteristic information (h _TX11 , h _TX21 ) of the horizontal polarization transmission antenna extracted from the AC signal in the MIMO separation unit 58.

The vertical polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 57b sets the cross polarization characteristic information (h _TX12 , h _TX22 ) of the vertical polarization transmission antenna extracted from the AC signal in the MIMO separation unit 58.

  The latitude / longitude / altitude information extraction unit 67a of the transmission antenna sets the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmission antenna transmitted from the horizontal polarization transmission antenna extracted from the AC signal in the MIMO separation unit 58.

  The latitude / longitude / altitude information extraction unit 67b of the transmission antenna sets the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmission antenna transmitted from the vertical polarization transmission antenna extracted from the AC signal in the MIMO separation unit 58.

The MIMO separation unit 58 and the cross-polarization characteristic information of the horizontal polarization transmission antenna obtained from the horizontal polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 57a (the pilot signal separated by the frame separation units 54a and 54b, respectively) h _TX11 , h _TX21 ), vertical polarization transmission antenna cross polarization characteristic information (h _TX12 , h _TX22 ) obtained from the vertical polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 57 b, and reception antenna propagation path characteristics Information of “cross-polarization characteristics (H _RX ) of the receiving antenna” obtained from the setting unit 59 and latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmitting antenna from the transmitting antenna latitude / longitude / altitude information extracting units 67a and 67b The orthogonal code assigned to each transmission system is input to the data signal obtained from the horizontal polarization demodulator 50a and the vertical polarization demodulator 50b. Each bit is multiplied by a symbol unit to estimate all the propagation path characteristics (see FIG. 1) between the transmitting antenna 101 and the receiving antenna 201, and using this propagation path estimation result, the input data signal is Separated into data signals corresponding to the transmission system. Details of the operation of the MIMO separation unit 58 will be described later.

Since the reception antenna propagation path characteristic setting unit 59 is a characteristic unique to the reception antenna, a “measured value of crossing bias of the reception antenna” in which a numerical value (complex matrix of the corresponding frequency range) measured in advance is registered in the reception apparatus 2 is used. Information of “wave characteristic (H _RX )” is set in the MIMO separation unit 58.

  The latitude / longitude / altitude information setting unit 60 of the receiving antenna sets the information of “latitude / longitude / altitude of the receiving antenna” related to its own receiving antenna in the MIMO separation unit 58 in advance.

  The time deinterleaving units 61a and 61b receive the data signals corresponding to the transmission systems respectively separated by the MIMO demultiplexing unit 58 and perform time deinterleaving processing. The frequency deinterleaving units 62a and 62b perform frequency deinterleaving processing. The layer separation units 63a and 63b perform layer separation corresponding to the transmission-side layer synthesis units 14a and 14b, respectively, and the carrier demodulation intra-code demodulation units 61a-1, 61a-2, 61a-3 and the carrier demodulation The code decoding units 61b-1, 61b-2, 61b-3 are modulation schemes corresponding to the inner code carrier modulation units 13a-1 to 13a-3 and the inner code carrier modulation units 13b-1 to 13b-3 on the transmission side, respectively. And a decoding process using an encoding method, and layer synthesis is performed by the layer synthesis units 65a and 65b, respectively. The No. decoding unit 66a, 66b, the outer code portion 11a of each sender, performs decoding processing by the encoding method corresponding to 11b, and outputs the TS of a corresponding data signal to each transmission system.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a MIMO separation unit in the receiver according to the embodiment of the present invention. The MIMO separation unit 58 includes a propagation path estimation unit 581, a data signal separation unit 582, an angle-specific horizontal polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information extraction unit 583 a, and an angle-specific vertical polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information extraction unit 583 b. And relative angle calculators 584a and 584b.

  The relative angle calculation units 584a and 584b are respectively the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmitting antenna and the latitude / longitude / altitude information setting unit 60 of the receiving antenna obtained from the latitude / longitude / altitude information extracting units 67a and 67b of the transmitting antenna. The relative angle of the receiving antenna viewed from the transmitting antenna is calculated using the information on the “latitude, longitude and altitude of the receiving antenna” obtained from It transmits to the transmission antenna propagation characteristic information extraction part 583b for vertical polarization.

The transmission antenna propagation characteristic information extraction unit 583a for horizontal polarization for each angle is obtained from the transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 57a for horizontal polarization based on the relative angle of the reception antenna viewed from the transmission antenna calculated by the relative angle calculation unit 584a. extract the closest angular cross polarization characteristic information of the transmission antennas of the cross polarization characteristic information of the horizontal polarized wave transmitting antenna _{(h TX11, h TX21) (} h TX11, h TX21), the propagation path estimation unit 581.

The transmission antenna propagation characteristic information extracting unit 583b for vertical polarization by angle is obtained from the transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 57b for vertical polarization from the relative angle of the reception antenna viewed from the transmission antenna calculated by the relative angle calculation unit 584b. extract the closest angular cross polarization characteristic information of the transmission antennas of the cross polarization characteristic information of vertically polarized wave transmitting antenna _{(h TX11, h TX21) (} h TX11, h TX21), the propagation path estimation unit 581.

The propagation path estimation unit 581 cross-polarizes the pilot signals separated by the frame separation units 54a and 54b and the horizontal polarization transmission antenna obtained from the angle-specific horizontal polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information extraction unit 583a. Sex information (h _TX11 , h _TX21 ), cross polarization characteristic information (h _TX12 , h _TX22 ) of the vertical polarization transmission antenna obtained from the angle-specific vertical polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information extraction unit 583b, The information of “cross-polarization characteristics (H _RX ) of the receiving antenna” obtained from the receiving antenna propagation path characteristic setting unit 59 is input, and the transfer function of the above-described equation (2) is constructed. Characteristic (H _PRO ) ”is estimated. The “propagation path characteristic (H _PRO )” is estimated using a pilot signal, which is a known signal, as in the conventional estimation method. In other words, in the conventional cross polarization characteristic information of the transmitting horizontally polarized antenna _{(h TX11,} h _TX21) and cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmission antennas for vertically polarized waves _{(h TX12,} h _TX22) uncertainties However, according to the present invention, the uncertain factor can be reduced, so that the accuracy of the estimated propagation path characteristics is improved, the accuracy of signal separation is improved, and the processing speed is reduced. It will be possible to improve.

  The data signal separation unit 582 separates the input data signal into data signals corresponding to each transmission system using the propagation path characteristics estimated by the propagation path estimation unit 581.

  Even in the case where the “cross-polarization characteristics of the transmission antenna” at the angle directly opposite to the reception antenna cannot be obtained, the reception device 2 supplements the information on the “cross-polarization characteristics of the transmission antenna” at the surrounding angles. Thus, it is possible to estimate the optimum “cross polarization characteristics of the transmitting antenna”.

  In this way, the receiving device 2 calculates the relative angle to the receiving antenna from the received “latitude / longitude / altitude of the transmitting antenna” information, and further receives the “horizontal angle / vertical angle of the transmitting antenna” Information of “cross-polarization characteristics of transmission antenna” corresponding to the calculated relative angle to the reception antenna is extracted from the information of “cross-polarization characteristics of transmission antenna”.

  In addition, since the characteristics of “cross-polarization characteristics of the transmission antenna” change not only with the horizontal angle but also with the vertical angle, when transmitting the characteristics for each vertical angle, the vertical angle is also considered. It is possible to receive using “cross-polarization characteristics”. If the vertical characteristics are not used, it is not necessary to transmit “altitude” information of the transmitting antenna.

  An example of extracting “cross-polarization characteristics of transmission antenna” corresponding to the calculated relative angle from the reception antenna from the information of “cross-polarization characteristics of transmission antenna” for each angle will be described in more detail. .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram when accuracy information is added to “cross-polarization characteristics (H _TX ) of a transmission antenna”. If the angle from the center of the transmitting antenna is defined as shown in FIG. 7, the propagation path characteristic h _TX (θ, φ) at the horizontal plane angle θ and the vertical plane angle φ can be expressed as in Expression (3).

h _TX (θ, φ) is a complex matrix, and each element h _TXmn (θ, φ) is Re (h _mn (θ, φ, k)) and Im (h _mn (θ, φ, k)). Each component can be expressed from k is the carrier number of the OFDM signal, θ is the horizontal plane angle from the true north of the transmission antenna, and φ is the vertical plane angle from the transmission antenna (the horizontal plane is 0 °).

  For example, it can be expressed as follows:

  In general, as shown in FIG. 8, the vertical plane angle φ is often a relatively small angle, and therefore, it is possible to express only by θ without using φ.

Further, the transmission device 1 transmits the information on “latitude / longitude / altitude of the transmission antenna” using, for example, an AC signal, similarly to the “cross-polarization characteristics (H _TX ) of the transmission antenna”. The receiving device 2 includes position detection means such as GPS, or by measuring in advance, the latitude, longitude, and altitude of its receiving antenna are known. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the reception device 2 uses the information on the latitude / longitude / altitude of the reception antenna and the “latitude / longitude / altitude of the transmission antenna” acquired from the transmission device, "Receiving antenna direction" (θ, φ) is calculated, and "Cross polarization characteristics of transmitting antenna (H _TX )" closest to the information of the calculated "Receiving antenna direction viewed from transmitting antenna" (θ, φ) is selected Thus, MIMO separation processing can be performed.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a directivity pattern related to the transmission antenna device when φ = 0. HH indicates the power value radiated from the horizontal polarization element in the horizontal polarization (h _TX11 (θ)), and HV indicates the power value radiated in the vertical polarization from the horizontal polarization element. (H _TX12 (θ)), VV indicates a power value radiated from the vertical polarization element in the vertical polarization (h _TX22 (θ)), and VH is radiated in the horizontal polarization from the vertical polarization element. (H _TX21 (θ)).

  As described above, according to the present invention, the transmission apparatus 1 includes a plurality of transmission antennas 101 (# 1 to #N) and the reception apparatus 2 includes a plurality of reception antennas 201 (# 1 to #N). In the polarization MIMO transmission system using the polarized MIMO (Multiple Input / Multiple Output) method, the transmission device 1 transmits the cross-polarization characteristic information and the transmission of the transmission antenna for each transmission angle predetermined for each transmission system. Means for transmitting information on the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the antenna using a predetermined data carrier with a small required C / N. More specifically, when transmitting a data signal of a plurality of transmission systems as an OFDM subcarrier of each transmission system, the transmission apparatus 1 arranges and transmits a pilot signal in each OFDM subcarrier at a constant period. An OFDM frame configuration unit 17a, 17b for each transmission system, which configures an OFDM frame by assigning a control signal, is provided. The OFDM frame configuration unit 17a, 17b for each transmission system is an intersection of transmission antennas 101 predetermined for each transmission system. Means for multiplexing the polarization characteristic information and the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmitting antenna and the transmission control signal to form an OFDM frame. In particular, the OFDM frame configuration units 17a and 17b for each transmission system include cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmission antenna for each polarization-specific transmission system and for each transmission angle, and the latitude and longitude of the transmission antenna. It is preferable to multiplex an advanced information with an AC signal to form an OFDM frame.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the bias is configured by the transmission apparatus 1 having a plurality of transmission antennas 101 (# 1 to #N) and the reception apparatus 2 having a plurality of reception antennas 201 (# 1 to #N). In a polarization MIMO transmission system using a wave MIMO (Multiple Input / Multiple Output) system, the reception apparatus 2 uses the reception antenna propagation path characteristic setting unit 59 to perform cross polarization characteristic information and reception of reception antennas for each polarization. Information on the latitude / longitude / altitude of the antenna is stored in advance, the cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmission antenna for each polarization and transmission angle transmitted from the transmission device 1, and the latitude / longitude / altitude of the transmission antenna. The information is demodulated and extracted from a predetermined data carrier having a small required C / N, and the cross polarization characteristic information and the reception antenna of the reception antenna 201 are extracted. Using the tena's latitude / longitude / altitude information and cross-polarization characteristics information of the transmitting antenna by polarization and transmission angle, and the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmitting antenna, a propagation path characteristic model is constructed, According to this propagation path characteristic model, the propagation path characteristics between the plurality of transmission antennas 101 and the plurality of reception antennas 201 are estimated using the pilot signal transmitted from the transmission apparatus 1, and the transmission system is based on the estimated propagation path characteristics. A MIMO separation unit 58 for separating each data signal is provided.

  In particular, the receiving device 2 obtains the cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmitting antenna for each polarization and the transmission angle transmitted from the transmitting device 1 and the information on the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the transmitting antenna in accordance with predetermined required C The data carrier is extracted from the transmission control signal as a data carrier with less / N, and more preferably, the data carrier is extracted for each polarization from the AC signal. As a result, the receiving apparatus 2 can immediately acquire the cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmission antenna for each polarization and the transmission angle and the information on the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the transmission antenna at high C / N. It is possible to separate a plurality of signals more accurately.

  According to the present invention, since MIMO signal separation can be performed with high accuracy, the present invention is useful for a polarization MIMO transmission system using a polarization MIMO scheme.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transmission apparatus 2 Reception apparatus 10a Horizontal polarization modulation part 10b Vertical polarization modulation part 11a, 11b Outer code | symbol part 12a, 12b Hierarchical division part 13a-1-13a-3, 13b-1-13b-3 Inner code | carrier carrier modulation part 14a, 14b Hierarchical synthesis unit 15a, 15b Time interleaving unit 16a, 16b Frequency interleaving unit 17a, 17b OFDM frame configuration unit 18a, 18b Pilot signal insertion unit 19a, 19b TMCC insertion unit 20a, 20b AC signal insertion unit 21a For horizontal polarization Transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 21b Vertical polarization transmission antenna propagation characteristic information setting unit 22a, 22b IFFT unit 23a, 23b Guard interval addition unit 24a, 24b Orthogonal modulation unit 25a, 25b Transmission antenna latitude / longitude / altitude information setting 50a Horizontal polarization Control unit 50b Vertical polarization demodulation unit 51a, 51b Quadrature demodulation unit 52a, 52b Guard interval removal unit 53a, 53b FFT unit 54a, 54b Frame separation unit 55a, 55b TMCC demodulation unit 56a, 56b AC demodulation unit 57a Transmission for horizontal polarization Antenna Propagation Characteristic Information Setting Unit 57b Vertical Polarization Transmitting Antenna Propagation Characteristic Information Setting Unit 58 MIMO Separation Unit 59 Receiving Antenna Propagation Channel Characteristic Setting Unit 60 Receiving Antenna Latitude / Longitude / Altitude Information Setting Unit 61a, 61b Time Deinterleaving Unit 62a , 62b Frequency deinterleave unit 63a, 63b Hierarchy division unit 64a-1, 64a-2, 64a-3 Intra-carrier demodulation code decoding unit 64b-1, 64b-2, 64b-3 Intra-carrier demodulation code decoding unit 65a, 65b Combining units 66a and 66b Outer code decoding unit 67 a, 67b Transmitter antenna latitude / longitude / altitude information extraction unit 100 Transmitter 101, 101-1, 101-2 Transmitting antenna 101a Horizontal / vertical polarized wave transmitting antennas 101a-1, 101a-2, 101a-3 , 101a-4 Horizontal and vertical polarization-sharing transmitting antenna 102 Antenna support pillar 200, 200-1, 200-2 Receiver 201 Receiving antenna 581 Propagation path estimation unit 582 Data signal separation unit 583a Transmission for horizontal polarization by angle Antenna Propagation Characteristic Information Extracting Unit 583b Angle-specific Vertical Polarization Transmitting Antenna Propagation Characteristic Information Extracting Units 584a, 584b Relative Angle Calculation Unit

Claims (6)

A transmission apparatus in a polarization MIMO transmission system that uses a polarization MIMO (Multiple Input / Multiple Output) system configured of a transmission apparatus having a plurality of transmission antennas and a reception apparatus having a plurality of reception antennas,
The reception apparatus using a data carrier with a small required C / N previously measured for cross-polarization characteristic information of a transmission antenna for each transmission system and information on latitude / longitude / altitude of the transmission antenna determined in advance for each transmission system have a means to be transmitted to,
The cross-polarization characteristic information and the latitude / longitude / altitude information are used in the reception apparatus for estimation of propagation path characteristics between the transmission antenna and the reception antenna . When transmitting data signals of a plurality of transmission systems as OFDM subcarriers of each transmission system, each OFDM subcarrier is arranged with a pilot signal at a fixed period, and a transmission control signal is allocated to configure an OFDM frame. With an OFDM frame configuration unit for each transmission system,
The OFDM frame configuration unit for each transmission system uses the transmission antenna cross polarization characteristic information for each transmission angle measured in advance for each transmission system and the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmission antenna with less required C / N. 2. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for multiplexing the transmission control signal as a data carrier to form an OFDM frame.   The OFDM frame configuration unit for each transmission system includes cross-polarization characteristic information for each polarization of the transmission antenna for each transmission angle and information on the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the transmission antenna measured in advance for each transmission system for each polarization. The transmission apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising means for multiplexing an AC signal into an OFDM signal to form an OFDM frame. A receiving apparatus in a polarization MIMO transmission system using a polarization input MIMO (Multiple Input / Multiple Output) system composed of a transmitting apparatus having a plurality of transmitting antennas and a receiving apparatus having a plurality of receiving antennas,
Means for preliminarily storing cross-polarization characteristics information of receiving antennas by polarization and latitude / longitude / altitude information of receiving antennas;
Cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmission antenna for each polarization and transmission angle transmitted from the transmission device, and information on the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the transmission antenna from a predetermined data carrier with a small required C / N Means for extracting;
Cross-polarization characteristics information of the receiving antenna and latitude / longitude / altitude information of the receiving antenna, cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmitting antenna by the polarization and transmission angle, and latitude / longitude / altitude of the transmitting antenna Means for constructing a propagation path characteristic model using information,
Means for estimating propagation path characteristics between the plurality of transmission antennas and the plurality of reception antennas using a pilot signal transmitted from the transmission device according to the propagation path characteristic model;
Means for separating data signals for each transmission system based on the estimated propagation path characteristics;
A receiving apparatus comprising:   The cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmission antenna and the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmission antenna transmitted from the transmission device for each polarization and transmission angle are defined as data carriers with a small required C / N. 5. The receiving apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising means for extracting from a transmission control signal.   The cross-polarization characteristic information of the transmission antenna and the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the transmission antenna, which are transmitted from the transmission device by polarization and transmission angle, are extracted from the AC signal by polarization, and the transmission antenna The relative angle is calculated from the latitude / longitude / altitude information and the latitude / longitude / altitude information of the receiving antenna, and based on the calculated relative angle, the cross polarization of the transmitting antenna for each received polarization and for each transmission angle is calculated. 6. The receiving apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising means for selecting characteristic information and estimating the propagation path characteristic.

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