JP5495706B2 - Reinforcement structure of existing harbor quay - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reinforcing structure and a reinforcing method for an existing quay which is a harbor facility.

  To improve seismic resistance on quay walls such as tie-rod steel sheet pile walls and to cope with increased loads caused by changes in quay wall usage, the front of the quay is improved with cement-solidified ground and the rear side is improved. There are many cases where light ground is improved (for example, see Patent Document 1). In these refurbishment methods, the former increases the passive earth pressure of the existing harbor quay wall, and the latter reduces the main earth pressure, resulting in a reduction in the cross-sectional force generated in the wall and improving seismic performance. We expect effect to make.

  However, when the ground near the quay is improved or the ground on the back side of the quay is improved to ensure passive resistance, a large construction space is required on the front and back of the quay because the improved part is generally extensive. There is a tendency to increase the size of construction machinery (ground improvement ship, dedicated ground improvement machine, etc.), which is very expensive, especially when the site is narrow or when you want to work while using the quay , There is a problem that its application becomes difficult.

Therefore, in order to solve the problems of the ground improvement method and provide a more economical quake-proof reinforcement structure, the following quake-proof reinforcement structures have been proposed.
“A plurality of piles driven in a row so as to be opposed to the quay at a predetermined distance from the existing quay, and underwater concrete is placed in the bottom area sandwiched between the quay and the pile. A plurality of piles, such that their strong axes are parallel to the quay and their head positions are below the water surface and the load A seismic reinforcement structure for a quay characterized by being set to be equal to or higher than the top of the transmission plate. ”(See Patent Document 2)
Japanese Patent No. 3289586 JP 2008-38524 A (refer to claim 1)

The seismic reinforcement structure for a quay described in Patent Document 2 described above transmits an earthquake horizontal force acting on the quay or the ground spreading on the back of the quay to the pile via a load transmission plate and at the time of an earthquake transmitted to the pile. It is intended to support the horizontal force by the bending rigidity of the pile (see [0017] of Patent Document 2).
However, the seismic reinforcement structure described in Patent Document 2 receives the horizontal force transmitted through the load transmission plate at the side of the pile head and supports it by the bending rigidity of the pile. The pile is required to have high bending rigidity. Therefore, in order to provide sufficient seismic reinforcement, the size of the piles will increase, and the construction will need to be carried out by a work platform, etc., making it difficult to construct while using the quay.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and can effectively transmit a horizontal force acting on a quay to a pile body, and thus can be applied to a small pile, and thus a reinforcement structure for an existing harbor quay. And to provide a reinforcing method.

(1) The reinforcement structure of the existing harbor quay according to the present invention is a wall that is disposed on the front surface of the wall of the existing quay and is installed so as to be in direct or indirect contact with the wall to support the wall from the front side. It is characterized by comprising a support member and a pile body having a head coupled to the wall body support member and supporting the wall body support member.
The front side when “support the wall from the front side” means the sea side.

(2) Further, in the above (1), the wall support member is an L-shaped member, one piece of the L-shape is in direct or indirect contact with the wall, and the other piece is the head of the pile body. It is characterized by being combined with.

(3) Moreover, in the thing of said (1), a wall body supporting member is a member of a generally lying T type, a shoulder piece contacts a wall body directly or indirectly, and the lower part side of a shoulder piece is in the seabed ground. The foot piece is connected to the head of the pile body.

(4) Moreover, in the thing in any one of said (1)-(3), the pile body is a group comprised by the combination of a straight pile with a pile diameter of 300 mm or less, or a slant pile, or a straight pile and a slant pile. It is composed of piles.

(5) Moreover, in the thing in any one of said (1)-(4), a wall support member is a precast concrete floor slab, the reinforced concrete floor slab constructed on the spot, a steel member, a steel concrete member, It consists of any one or more of reinforced concrete members.

(6) Moreover, the thing in any one of said (1)-(5) WHEREIN: The head of a pile body and a wall body support member have a coupling mechanism which couple | bonds both mechanically. It is what.

(7) Moreover, in the thing in any one of said (1)-(6), a wall body support member is connected with the wall body by the connection member, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

(8) Moreover, in the thing in any one of said (1)-(6), a wall body support member is not integrated with a wall body, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

(9) The method for reinforcing an existing harbor quay according to the present invention includes a submarine ground excavation process for excavating the seabed ground in front of the wall body of the quay and a wall support member for supporting the wall body from the front side at the excavated location. A wall body supporting member construction step, a pile body placing step for placing a pile body through the wall body supporting member, and a pile head coupling step for coupling the head of the pile body to the wall body supporting member; It is characterized by comprising.

(10) In addition, a seabed ground excavation process for excavating the seabed ground in front of the quay wall body, a pile body placing process for placing a pile body on the excavated seabed ground, and a wall body that supports the wall body from the front side And a wall body support member construction process for constructing the support member on the pile head.

(11) Moreover, in the thing as described in said (9) or (10), a wall support member is either a precast concrete floor slab, a reinforced concrete floor slab, a steel frame member, a steel concrete member, a steel frame and a reinforced concrete member It consists of 1 or more types, and a wall body supporting member construction process performs concrete placement or assembly construction of the said wall body supporting member.

(12) Moreover, in the thing in any one of said (9)-(11), a wall body support member construction process includes the connection construction process which connects a wall body support member and a wall body, To do.

(13) Moreover, the thing in any one of said (9)-(12) WHEREIN: A pile body placement process is the pile construction machine which installed the small pile whose pile body is 300 mm or less in pile diameter in the quayside back top. It is characterized by placing.

  In the reinforcement structure of the existing harbor quay according to the present invention, the wall body supporting member is disposed on the front surface of the wall body of the existing quay wall and is installed so as to be in direct or indirect contact with the wall body to support the wall body from the front side. And a pile body that supports the wall body support member with the head coupled to the wall body support member, thereby reliably transmitting the horizontal force transmitted from the wall body support member to the pile body. It can be supported by the pushing resistance, pulling resistance, bending rigidity and horizontal ground resistance of the pile body. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size of the pile body, and when using a small pile, it can be driven with a small machine, so it can be constructed in a small space on the back of the quay, and a narrow site or quay can be used. Construction, which can contribute to reduction of construction cost.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a reinforcement structure of an existing harbor quay wall according to an embodiment of the present invention. A steel sheet pile 1 constituting a wall body of a quay wall and a stay pile 3 driven behind the tie rod 5 are used. It is the example which applied this invention to the tie rod type steel sheet pile wall comprised by connecting. FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of a portion A circled in FIG.
The reinforcement structure of the existing harbor quay according to the present embodiment includes an L-shaped wall body support member 7 disposed in front of the steel sheet pile 1 of the existing quay wall, and a head body coupled to the wall body support member 7. A pile body 9 that supports the support member 7 is provided.
Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail.

<Wall body support member>
The wall support member 7 is a floor slab having an L-shaped cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, and the lateral piece 7a installed on the seabed 11 side is made of precast concrete (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as PC), and is made of steel. The vertical piece 7b on the side of the sheet pile 1 is made of reinforced concrete (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as RC). In this example, the horizontal piece portion 7a is installed on the seabed 11, and then the vertical piece portion 7b is constructed on-site so that both are combined into an L shape.
As shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal piece portion 7 a has a rectangular shape having a predetermined length (for example, 5 to 6 m) in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface. Moreover, the vertical piece part 7b is post-installed, and the uneven part of the steel sheet pile 1 is filled with concrete and connected to the steel sheet pile 1 as shown in FIG.

<Pile body>
As shown in FIG. 1, the pile body 9 is constructed with a straight pile 9 a on the steel sheet pile 1 side and a diagonal pile 9 b on the sea side. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the straight pile 9a and the diagonal pile 9b are constructed in three rows at a predetermined pitch on one PC floor slab.
In addition, the pile body 9 is using the small pile (small-diameter pile with a pile diameter of 100-300 mm) in order to enable construction from the quay side in this example. The small pile is not limited to the above-mentioned small-diameter pile (steel pipe pile, concrete pile, steel pipe concrete pile, etc.), and an H-shaped steel pile having a flange width and web height of about 100 to 300 mm can also be used.
The inclination angle of the inclined pile 9b is, for example, within 20 degrees.

In the reinforcement structure of the existing harbor quay constructed as described above, for example, a horizontal force acting on the steel sheet pile 1 during an earthquake or the like acts on the vertical piece 7b of the wall supporting member 7, and the load is a horizontal piece. It acts on the pile body 9 via 7a. At this time, since the head portion of the pile body 9 and the horizontal piece portion 7a are coupled, a pushing force mainly acts on the slant pile 9b, and a pulling force acts mainly on the straight pile 9a. That is, the slant pile 9b resists the acting load by pushing resistance, and the straight pile 9a resists by pulling resistance. Moreover, both the slant pile 9b and the straight pile 9a resist horizontal force by the bending rigidity and horizontal ground resistance of the pile.
Thus, in this Embodiment, by combining the pile head 25 and the wall body supporting member 7, all the functions as a pile of pushing-in resistance, pull-out resistance, bending rigidity, and horizontal ground resistance of the pile body 9 are achieved. This effectively resists the horizontal force acting on the steel sheet pile 1 and effectively increases the passive resistance.

  Thus, since the reinforcement structure which concerns on this Embodiment is a structure which can utilize the function which the pile body 9 has effectively, the pile body 9 can be reduced in diameter. As a result, construction with a small machine becomes possible, so construction in a small space on the back of the quay is possible, and therefore construction while using the quay can be realized.

<Construction method for reinforcing structure of existing harbor quay>
Next, the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay will be explained by explaining the construction method of the reinforcement structure of the existing harbor quay constructed as described above. 3-14 is explanatory drawing of the construction method of the reinforcement structure of the existing harbor quay, and shows the state which construction works progress in order from FIG. Hereinafter, the construction method of the reinforcing structure will be described with reference to FIGS.

From the state before starting the reinforcement work (see FIG. 3), the seabed 11 in front of the steel sheet pile 1 is excavated in the quay width direction along the steel sheet pile 1 at a predetermined depth (see FIG. 4). For example, the excavation is performed by a telescopic backhoe from the land side, and excavation by a diver or a clamshell ship is considered from the sea side.
Next, the stud 13 is driven in the site | part in which the vertical piece part 7b of the wall body supporting member 7 in the steel sheet pile 1 is constructed (refer FIG. 5). This stud 13 functions as a connecting member of the present invention. And the precast bottom board used as the horizontal piece part 7a of the wall body supporting member 7 is installed in the excavation location of the seabed 11 (refer FIG. 6). This construction is carried out by a crane or the like from the quay side or a crane ship or the like from the sea side, for example. As shown in FIG. 6, the horizontal piece portion 7 a is provided with a through hole 15 for penetrating the pile, and a reinforcing bar 17 is extended in order to ensure the coupling with the vertical piece.

Next, a formwork is installed in the gap between the horizontal piece 7a and the steel sheet pile 1, and reinforced concrete is placed thereon, thereby forming the vertical piece 7b (see FIG. 7). In addition, the dimension of the vertical piece part 7b is made into the size which does not become the trouble of the ship which touches the quay.
And as shown in FIG. 8, a small diameter pile is constructed so that a horizontal piece may be penetrated by the construction machine 19 on a quay. After the pile tip reaches the support layer 21, the grout 23 is injected between the pile body 9 and the ground (see FIG. 9). And the Yatco 10 is removed and the construction of the straight pile 9a is completed (refer FIG. 10).

Next, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the diagonal pile 9b is built in the same manner as the straight pile 9a. When the construction of the inclined pile 9b is completed, as shown in FIG. 14, the pile head 25 and the lateral piece 7a are combined as an RC structure using a pile head reinforcing bar or the like.
As a method for more easily connecting the pile head portion 25 and the horizontal piece portion 7a, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, an engagement portion 27 is provided in the horizontal piece portion 7a and the pile head portion 25 is engaged. A locking portion 29 that locks the joint portion 27 is provided. By rotating the pile body 9, the locking portion 29 is locked to the engaging portion 27 so that both are coupled. Good.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 16, you may make it inject | pour grout in the state which fixed the bearing plate 31 to the pile head part 25 by screwing, and the bearing plate 31 was fixed. By using such a mechanical coupling structure in combination, work in water for coupling the pile head 25 and the lateral piece 7a can be greatly saved.

  As mentioned above, according to the construction method of the reinforcement structure of the existing harbor quay which concerns on this Embodiment, construction from a quay becomes possible and construction while using a quay can be implement | achieved.

  In the above description, an example in which the steel sheet pile 1 and the vertical piece portion 7b are integrated by placing the stud 13 at a site where the vertical piece portion 7b of the wall supporting member 7 in the steel sheet pile 1 is constructed is shown. However, this integration is not necessarily required, and the steel sheet pile 1 and the wall supporting member 7 are brought into direct or indirect contact with each other, but without placing the stud 13 on the steel sheet pile 1. The steel sheet pile 1 and the wall supporting member 7 may not be integrated by simply placing concrete. Each feature with and without the integration will be described below.

<When integrated>
By integrating the steel sheet pile 1 and the vertical piece 7b of the wall supporting member 7, the rigidity of the vertical piece 7b is added to the rigidity of the steel sheet pile 1, and a large bending rigidity can be secured. Therefore, it is preferable that the integration is intended for an existing structure having a large and insufficient seismic performance, for example, an existing structure having a design seismic intensity that needs to be improved by 0.1 or more.
As the work associated with the integration, the existing wall body underwater such as keren, stud placement, and concrete placement are required.

<When not integrated>
The wall body is supported on the front surface in the vicinity of the upper end of the vertical piece portion 7b, and the same reinforcing effect as that obtained by supporting the wall body at two points in cooperation with the existing tie rod 5 is achieved.
Therefore, it is preferable to target an existing structure having insufficient seismic performance, for example, an existing structure whose seismic resistance to be improved is less than 0.1 in design seismic intensity.
When not integrated, it is a simple construction in which concrete or the like is filled in the gap between the existing wall body and the vertical piece portion 7b of the wall body supporting member 7, thereby reducing the cost and shortening the construction period.
Even if the steel sheet pile 1 and the vertical piece 7b of the wall supporting member 7 are not integrated, since they are in direct or indirect contact with each other, the sea that acts on the steel sheet pile 1 during an earthquake or the like. The horizontal force to the side acts on the vertical piece 7b of the wall supporting member 7, and the load acts on the pile body 9 via the horizontal piece 7a.

  As can be seen from the above description, whether or not to integrate is determined by the degree of lack of seismic performance of the existing structure to be reinforced, and the reinforcing structure is not only “integrated” but also “ By arranging "things that are not integrated", it is possible to achieve optimum design and minimize construction costs and construction periods.

In the above description, the wall supporting member 7 is an L type, but it may be an I type without a vertical piece.
In the above description, the case where the horizontal piece portion 7a is precast concrete (PC) and the vertical piece portion 7b is reinforced concrete (RC) is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The combination of the one part 7b has the following patterns.
The horizontal piece 7a and the vertical piece 7b are both reinforced concrete on site. The horizontal piece 7a is a steel structure (S), and the vertical piece 7b is reinforced concrete. The horizontal piece 7a is steel-framed concrete (SC), and the vertical piece 7b is reinforced concrete (RC). The horizontal piece 7a is reinforced steel concrete, and the vertical piece 7b is reinforced concrete (RC).

In the above description, the L-shaped wall support member 7 is formed by separately forming the horizontal piece portion 7a and the vertical piece portion 7b. An L-shaped steel structure may be used.
FIGS. 17 and 18 show an L-shaped structure obtained by combining H-shaped steel as an example of an L-shaped steel structure used as the wall support member 7. In this case, the box part 35 for coupling | bonding with the pile head 25 is provided in the lower part of the horizontal piece part 7a, and the pile head 25 is inserted in this and couple | bonds both.
In addition, when it is set as the steel structure, the concrete used as the filling material 37 is filled into the clearance gap between the vertical piece part 7b and the steel sheet pile 1 so that a vertical piece and the steel sheet pile 1 may contact. In this case, the wall supporting member 7 and the steel sheet pile 1 are in an indirect contact state via the filling material 37.
In this embodiment, the wall support member 7 and the steel sheet pile 1 are in indirect contact but are not integrated.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19, the contact area between the wall support member 7 and the steel sheet pile 1 is increased by making the shape of the wall support member 7 have an inverted T-shaped cross section. The passive resistance may be increased.
In addition, when the shape of the wall support member 7 is made to have an inverted T-shaped cross section perpendicular to the axis, for example, when the seabed ground is excavated and deepened so as to be compatible with a large ship, it is shown in FIG. Thus, it becomes possible to cope.

  In the above embodiment, an example is shown in which one straight pile 9a and one oblique pile 9b are constructed in the quay orthogonal direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, FIG. 19 and FIG. As shown, two diagonal piles and one straight pile may be constructed in the direction perpendicular to the quay, and the number of diagonal piles and straight piles may be other combinations.

  In the above description, the example in which the wall body supporting member 7 is first installed and the pile body 9 is constructed so as to penetrate the through hole 15 provided in the wall body supporting member 7 has been shown. May be installed, and then the wall supporting member 7 may be installed.

  In the above description, regarding the construction of a small-diameter pile, the method of building the pile body 9 while expanding the diameter and excavating it into the gap between the pile and the ground was explained. A method may be used in which a pile is built after a columnar improvement body is built in advance.

  Moreover, in the above description, an example in which a small-diameter pile (100 to 300 mm) is used as the pile body 9 is shown in order to enable reinforcement work while the quay is in service. If possible, normal piles (made steel piles such as steel pipe piles and H-shaped steel piles and PHC piles) may be constructed on a pile driving ship moored on the quay front.

In addition, even if a small-diameter pile is used, there is a place where the pile body 9 expects a large horizontal resistance and a supporting force. If this point and the small-diameter pile are strengthened, this required performance can be satisfied. it can. As specifications satisfying the required performance, for example, API standard N80 high strength small-diameter steel pipe for oil well having a yield point of 552 N / mm ² or more, JIS standard STK540, STKT590 can be cited as examples.

It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement structure of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view top view of the A section enclosed with the circle of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 1). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 2). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 3). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 4). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 5). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 6). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 7). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 8). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing port quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 9). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 10). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 11). It is explanatory drawing of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 12). It is explanatory drawing of the pile head coupling | bonding aspect in the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 1). It is explanatory drawing of the pile head coupling | bonding aspect in the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay which concerns on one embodiment of this invention (the 2). It is explanatory drawing of the other aspect of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay wall which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. FIG. 18 is a plain view of FIG. 17. It is explanatory drawing of the other aspect of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay wall which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the other aspect of the reinforcement method of the existing harbor quay wall which concerns on one embodiment of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steel sheet pile 3 Reservoir pile 5 Tie rod 7 Wall body support member 7a Horizontal piece part 7b Vertical piece part 9 Pile body 9a Straight pile 9b Oblique pile 10 Yatco 11 Sea bottom 13 Stud 15 Through hole 17 Reinforcement 19 Construction machine 21 Support layer 23 Grout 25 Pile head 27 Engagement part 29 Locking part 31 Pressure bearing plate 35 Box part 37 Filling material

Claims (6)

A wall body supporting member that is disposed on the front surface of the wall body of the existing quay and is installed so as to be in direct or indirect contact with the wall body, and supports the wall body from the front surface side, and a head is coupled to the wall body supporting member. And a pile body that supports the wall body support member,
The wall body supporting member is a generally lying T-shaped member, the shoulder piece is in direct or indirect contact with the wall body, the lower side of the shoulder piece is embedded in the seabed ground, and the foot piece is coupled to the head of the pile body. Has been
A reinforcing structure for an existing harbor quay, wherein the pile body is composed of a group pile composed of a combination of a straight pile and a diagonal pile.   The pile diameter of a pile body is 300 mm or less, The reinforcement structure of the existing port quay of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The wall support member is made of any one or more of a precast concrete floor slab, a reinforced concrete floor slab constructed on site, a steel member, a steel concrete member, and a steel / reinforced concrete member. Reinforcement structure of existing harbor quay as described in.   The reinforcement structure of the existing harbor quay according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the head of the pile body and the wall support member have a coupling mechanism that mechanically couples both.   The reinforcement structure of the existing port quay according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wall body support member is coupled to the wall body by a coupling member.   The reinforcing structure of an existing harbor quay according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wall body supporting member is not integrated with the wall body.

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