JP5492148B2 - ELECTRIC DEVICE IDENTIFICATION DEVICE, ELECTRIC DEVICE IDENTIFICATION METHOD, AND ELECTRIC DEVICE IDENTIFICATION PROGRAM - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for identifying an electric device from a waveform of a current flowing in a power supply line.

  In recent years, studies and developments have been made on HEMS (Home Energy Management System) technology, which installs power sensors in the homes of power consumers such as general households and offices, and aims at efficient use of power and remote control of electrical equipment. . In general, in HEMS, a method of collecting necessary information by aggregating and transferring information from a power sensor attached to each electric device such as a home appliance using a wired or wireless communication means is conceivable. ing.

  On the other hand, the power consumption and current waveform are monitored by a single sensor installed at the position of the power supply line or distribution board that supplies power to power consumers. A method for identifying and grasping an operating state, power consumption, and the like has been proposed (Non-Patent Document 1). This method is economical because only one sensor is required, and it is not necessary to add a sensor to an existing electrical product or embed a standardized sensor in a new electrical product. It is considered to be an effective means of realization with high practicality in that there are few barriers to introduction. However, the information obtained is limited to the accumulated current and voltage values, and it is not possible to directly grasp the power consumption state of each electrical device. It is necessary to guess the power data. In Non-Patent Document 1, data such as power consumption and current waveforms of individual electric devices are measured and accumulated in various operating states in advance, and these data and measured values are compared and referred to for the type of device. A method of identifying or estimating an operation state is considered.

  Patent Document 1 previously measures a current waveform when an electric device is operating alone and stores it as a reference waveform, measures a current waveform synthesized near the feeder inlet, and refers to it. A method of estimating power consumption based on a waveform and using a pattern recognition or neural network estimation algorithm technique is disclosed.

  Here, FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) show current waveforms for one cycle based on power supply voltage waveforms of different types of electrical equipment, and FIG. 6 (c) shows these current waveforms synthesized. The composite current waveform for one cycle is shown. In FIG. 6, the voltage waveform 501 of the power supply is indicated by a dotted line. The voltage waveform 501 of the power supply has the same waveform in the power consumer's house. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, different current waveforms 502 and 503 are generally obtained when the type and operation state of the electric device are different. Further, at the position of the distribution board where the power lines join, from the principle of current superposition (Kirchhoff's first law), as shown in FIG. 6 (c), as shown in FIG. 6 (a), (b) A combined current waveform 504 obtained by adding the current waveforms 502 and 503 is measured. As long as the operating state of the electric device does not change, the current waveform shown in FIG. 6 is repeated at the same cycle as the power supply voltage waveform.

Japanese Patent No. 3602825

M. Katsukura, M. Nakata, Y. Itou, and N. Kushiro, "Life Pattern Sensor with Non-intrusive Appliance Monitoring", ICEE '09, Jan. 2009, p.1-2

  In general, electric devices such as refrigerators, air conditioners, kotatsu, and televisions are relatively long compared to the power supply frequency cycle, even if the power consumption changes with the change in their operating state, even if the switching cycle is at least seconds, The fluctuation of the current waveform for each cycle is so small that it can be ignored. On the other hand, in personal computers, some communication terminals, washing machines, and the like, the operating state often changes in a relatively short time, and the current waveform changes in every cycle accordingly.

  In the conventional method, it is assumed that the current waveform of each electric device is substantially constant as long as at least one operation state of the electric device continues. As shown in FIG. 7, when an electric device in which the current waveform 503 varies for each power supply frequency cycle is included, the measured synthesized current waveform 504 also varies for each cycle, and the current waveform for one cycle is constant. Therefore, the accuracy of waveform identification by pattern recognition or the like may be reduced or erroneously identified.

  As described above, in the conventional method of identifying an electric device based on the current waveform profile of one cycle, the type of the electric device whose operating state fluctuates in a short time and power consumption fluctuates accordingly is accurately determined. There was a problem that it was difficult to identify.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to accurately identify the type and operating state of an operating electrical device even if the electrical current waveform changes in a short time. To do.

  The electrical equipment identification device according to the first aspect of the present invention measures the current waveform of the current flowing through each of the power supply lines of the plurality of electrical equipments to be identified for the length of the period for each period based on the voltage waveform. A database storing reference statistical parameters corresponding to each of the plurality of electrical devices for which a statistical parameter related to a differential waveform obtained by taking a difference between current waveforms for each period is obtained, and a power supply in an actual use state in which the electrical device is operating Input the current waveform obtained by measuring the current flowing through the line for each period for the length of the period, take a difference between the current waveforms for each period, and store the difference waveform obtained by the difference in the difference waveform storage means Waveform calculation means, statistical value calculation means for calculating statistical parameters related to the differential waveform stored in the differential waveform storage means, and closest to the statistical parameter from the database Find the serial reference statistical parameters, and having an, and estimating means for identifying at least one of the type or the operating state of the electrical device connected to the power line based on the reference statistical parameters.

  In the electrical equipment identification device, the integrated value of the differential waveform, the time average value obtained by dividing the integrated value of the differential waveform by the period time, the square integrated value of the differential waveform, and the square integrated value of the differential waveform divided by the periodic time. For at least one parameter of the time average value and the peak value of the difference waveform, at least one statistical value of the average value, variance value, and standard deviation value of the parameter is set as the statistical parameter.

  In the electrical device identification method according to the second aspect of the present invention, the current waveform obtained by measuring the current flowing through the power line in the actual use state in which the electrical device is operating is measured for the length of the cycle for each cycle based on the voltage waveform. The step of inputting, the step of taking the difference between the current waveforms for each period, the step of accumulating the difference waveform obtained by the difference in the difference waveform accumulating unit, and calculating the statistical parameters relating to the difference waveform accumulated in the difference waveform accumulating unit Measure the current waveform of the current flowing through each step and the power line of each of the plurality of electrical devices to be identified for the length of the cycle for each cycle based on the voltage waveform, and calculate the difference between the current waveforms for each cycle. The reference statistics closest to the statistical parameter from the database storing the reference statistical parameters corresponding to each of the plurality of electrical devices for which the statistical parameters related to the difference waveform were obtained. And having retrieving a parameter, a, and identifying at least one of the type or the operating state of the electrical device connected to the power line on the basis of the reference statistical parameters.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrical equipment identification program for operating a computer as the electrical equipment identification device.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if it is an electric equipment from which a power supply current waveform changes in a short time, the classification and operation state of the electric equipment which are working can be identified accurately.

It is a whole lineblock diagram containing the electric equipment discernment device in this embodiment. It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the electric equipment identification device in this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the difference waveform which took the difference of the current waveform of each electric equipment, a synthetic | combination current waveform, and a synthetic | combination current waveform in each cycle. It is a figure which shows the effective value of the difference waveform utilized as a statistical parameter in this Embodiment, dispersion | distribution of an effective value, and a crest value. It is a figure which shows the example of distribution of the various electric equipment with respect to a statistical parameter. It is a figure which shows the electric current waveform for 1 cycle of each electric equipment, and the synthetic | combination electric current waveform with which each electric current waveform was synthesize | combined. It is a figure which shows the example of the current waveform which changes for every cycle.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram including an electrical equipment identification device according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, electric power is supplied from the commercial power distribution network 5 to the electric devices 2A and 2B via the distribution board 3 in the user (electric power consumer) house. The electrical equipment identification device 1 in the present embodiment is installed at a position where the total power consumption in a power consumer's house can be measured, such as a power line between the distribution board 3 and the indoor electrical wiring. Since the electric devices 2A and 2B have different power supply circuits and power consumption modes, the current waveforms flowing through these power supply lines are generally different. The waveform of the power supply current measured in the electric device identification apparatus 1 is a combination of the power supply current waveforms of the plurality of electric devices 2A and 2B. The electrical device identification apparatus 1 is intended to identify the power supply current waveforms of the individual electrical devices 2A and 2B from the synthesized power supply current waveforms and identify the device type and the operating state of the electrical devices 2A and 2B. . Here, for the sake of simplicity, the case where there are two electric devices 2A and 2B in the electric power consumer's house will be described. However, even when the number of electric devices increases, the operation principle described below is exactly the same.

  FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the electrical equipment identification device in the present embodiment. The electrical device identification apparatus 1 shown in the figure includes a measurement function including a current sensor 110, a voltage sensor 111, a timing detection unit 112, a current waveform measurement unit 113, and an A / D conversion unit 114, a sequential waveform memory 120, a difference The waveform calculation unit 121, the differential waveform memory 122, the statistical value calculation unit 123, the statistical value database 124, the statistical value identification unit 125, the reference waveform database 126, the waveform identification unit 127, and the device estimation unit 128 are included. Each unit provided in the identification function of the electrical apparatus identification device 1 may be configured by a computer including an arithmetic processing device, a storage device, and the like, and the processing of each unit may be executed by a program. This program is stored in a storage device included in the identification function of the electrical device identification apparatus 1, and can be recorded on a recording medium such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or a semiconductor memory, or provided through a network. Hereinafter, each part will be described.

  The current sensor 110 and the voltage sensor 111 are attached to the power supply line in which the electric devices 2A and 2B are operating, and monitor the current value and the voltage value of the power supply line, respectively. The current sensor 110 can be a non-contact type current probe, an ammeter that measures the voltage across the low resistance inserted in the power line, or the like. The voltage sensor 111 can be realized by directly measuring the voltage between two wires with a voltmeter, or a non-contact capacitive voltage probe may be used.

  The timing detection unit 112 triggers at the timing of a specific phase within one cycle with the voltage value measured by the voltage sensor 111 as a reference, and the current waveform measurement unit 113 performs one cycle for each cycle based on the power supply voltage waveform. Get the current waveform in minutes. The A / D converter 114 converts the acquired current waveform into digital data.

  The current waveform converted into the digital data is sent to the sequential waveform memory 120, the differential waveform calculation unit 121, and the waveform identification unit 127.

  The sequential waveform memory 120 stores a current waveform every cycle.

  The differential waveform calculation unit 121 reads the current waveform one cycle before from the sequential waveform memory 120, calculates the difference from the current waveform received from the A / D conversion unit 114, and stores the difference waveform as the calculation result in the differential waveform memory Accumulate in 122.

  The difference waveform memory 122 accumulates the difference waveform every one cycle.

  The statistical value calculation unit 123 uses the differential waveform read from the differential waveform memory 122 to calculate the statistical parameter value of data of the number of samples set as a sufficient value in advance. As the statistical parameters, for example, the integral value of the differential waveform, the time average value obtained by dividing the integral value by the cycle time of the power supply voltage, the square integral value of the difference waveform, the time average value obtained by dividing the square integral value by the cycle time, For at least one parameter among parameters such as a peak value of a differential waveform, at least one statistical value among statistical values such as an average value, a variance value, and a standard deviation value of the parameter is used.

  The statistical value database 124 measures, in advance, the current waveform of the current flowing through the power supply line of the electrical device when all the electrical devices to be identified are operated independently for each period based on the power supply voltage. The statistical parameter obtained for the difference waveform obtained by taking the difference between the current waveforms for each period is stored as the reference statistical parameter.

  The statistical value identification unit 125 compares the statistical parameter calculated by the statistical value calculation unit 123 with the reference statistical parameter stored in the statistical value database 124 and searches for a reference statistical parameter having a value closest to the statistical parameter. By comparing, comparing, and discriminating the statistical parameter with the reference statistical parameter using a plurality of types of statistical parameters, the accuracy can be further increased.

  The reference waveform database 126 stores, in advance, a current waveform of the power supply line as a reference current waveform when all target electric devices are operated independently.

  The waveform identification unit 127 compares the current waveform received from the A / D conversion unit 114 with the reference current waveform stored in the reference waveform database 126, and selects the reference current waveform closest to the input current waveform.

  The device estimation unit 128 refers to the identification results of the statistical value identification unit 125 and the waveform identification unit 127, performs selection of the identification results, etc., determines the device type and the like, and outputs the identification result. As for the electric equipment whose current waveform changes every cycle of the power supply frequency, the identification result of the statistical value identification unit 125, and for the electric equipment whose current waveform hardly changes between cycles of the power supply frequency, the waveform identification unit 127 By using the identification result, device identification with higher accuracy can be realized.

  Next, the difference waveform which took the difference of the current waveform of each electric equipment, a synthetic | combination current waveform, and a synthetic | combination current waveform is demonstrated.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a current waveform, a combined current waveform, and a difference waveform of the electric devices (A) and (B) in each cycle.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the current waveform of the electric device (A) shows a constant waveform in each cycle, whereas the current waveform of the electric device (B) changes in each cycle. For this reason, the combined current waveform detected by the electric appliance identifying apparatus 1 also changes in each cycle.

  In the electrical device identification device 1, for each cycle, the difference between the combined current waveform at that time and the combined current waveform in the previous cycle is calculated. By calculating the difference of the composite current waveform, only the changed part of the waveform that changes every cycle is extracted. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 3, the difference waveform is similar to the waveform of the electrical device (B). Therefore, the amplitude is proportional to the amount of change between cycles. As described above, information about only the type of the electric device (B) in which the current waveform fluctuates is obtained from the profile of the difference waveform, and the state of the fluctuation can be known from the level of the difference waveform. Therefore, in the electrical apparatus identification device 1 in the present embodiment, attention is paid to the fluctuation for each cycle, the difference waveform calculation unit 121 obtains the difference waveform of the combined current waveform and stores it in the difference waveform memory 122 in chronological order. The characteristic value of the electric device is obtained by obtaining the statistical parameter of the differential waveform by the statistical value calculation unit 123.

  Next, specific examples of statistical parameters will be described.

  FIG. 4 shows the effective value, the dispersion of the effective value, and the peak value as statistical parameters related to the differential waveform and the differential waveform. The effective value is an effective current value (time average value of current values) for one cycle of a plurality of differential waveforms, and the peak value is a statistical average value of peak height values within one cycle of the differential waveform. is there. The average value of the effective values corresponds to the time average of the power consumption of the electrical equipment, and the variance value corresponds to the magnitude of the degree of change in the power consumption of the electrical equipment within a short period.

  Since these statistical parameters have individual characteristics for each electric device, the electric device can be identified by comparing and comparing the statistical parameter with a reference statistical parameter measured in advance. FIG. 5 shows an example of identification determination. When the effective value of the current is plotted on the vertical axis and the dispersion value is plotted on the horizontal axis, a characteristic distribution is shown for each type of electrical device and its operating state. By applying the calculated statistical parameters to this distribution, the type of electrical equipment can be identified.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the current waveform of the current flowing through the power supply line is measured every power supply frequency cycle, and the difference waveform calculation unit 121 calculates the difference from the current waveform of the previous cycle. The statistical value calculation unit 123 calculates statistical parameters related to the differential waveform stored in the differential waveform memory 122 and calculates based on the result of measuring the current waveform of the power supply line of the electrical device in advance. The reference statistical parameter is stored in the statistical value database 124, and the statistical value identification unit 125 calculates the statistical parameter calculated by the statistical value calculation unit 123 against the reference statistical parameter stored in the statistical value database 124. The reference statistical parameter closest to the statistical parameter is selected, and the device estimation unit 128 connects to the power line from the selected reference statistical parameter. By identifying and determining the type and operating status of the electrical equipment that has been used, the type and operating status of the operating electrical equipment can be accurately identified even if the electrical current waveform changes in a short time Can do. As a result, it is possible to provide an information providing service for effectively reducing power consumption, a device failure grasping and notification service, and a monitoring service for elderly people who need to live alone or those who need care.

  In addition, by transferring the identification result of the electric device identification apparatus 1 via a network, it is possible to remotely grasp information, perform power control based on the information, and the like.

  In addition, the operation state can be identified in the same manner as the type of the electric device by storing the reference statistical parameter for each operation state in the statistical value database 124.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Electric equipment identification device 110 ... Current sensor 111 ... Voltage sensor 112 ... Timing detection part 113 ... Current waveform measurement part 114 ... Conversion part 120 ... Sequential waveform memory 121 ... Differential waveform calculation part 122 ... Differential waveform memory 123 ... Statistical value calculation Unit 124 ... Statistical value database 125 ... Statistical value identification unit 126 ... Reference waveform database 127 ... Waveform identification unit 128 ... Equipment estimation unit 2A, 2B ... Electric equipment 3 ... Distribution board 5 ... Commercial power distribution network

Claims (5)

Measures the current waveform of the current flowing through each power supply line of multiple electrical devices to be identified for each period of the period based on the voltage waveform, and calculates the difference between the current waveforms for each period A database storing reference statistical parameters corresponding to each of the plurality of electrical devices for which statistical parameters relating to the waveform were obtained;
Input the current waveform obtained by measuring the current flowing through the power supply line for each period in the actual usage state where the electrical equipment is operating, and take the difference between the current waveforms for each period. Differential waveform calculation means for storing the difference waveform in the difference waveform storage means,
Statistical value calculation means for calculating statistical parameters related to the differential waveform accumulated in the differential waveform accumulation means;
Searching for the reference statistical parameter closest to the statistical parameter from the database, and estimating means for identifying at least one of a type or an operating state of the electrical equipment connected to the power line based on the reference statistical parameter;
An electrical equipment identification device comprising:   The integrated value of the differential waveform, the time average value obtained by dividing the integrated value of the differential waveform by the period time, the square integrated value of the differential waveform, the time average value obtained by dividing the square integrated value of the differential waveform by the periodic time, the difference The electrical equipment identification device according to claim 1, wherein at least one statistic value among an average value, a variance value, and a standard deviation value of the peak value of the waveform is used as the statistic parameter. A step of inputting a current waveform obtained by measuring the current flowing in the power line in the actual use state in which the electrical equipment is operating for each period with respect to the voltage waveform as a reference;
Taking a difference between current waveforms for each cycle, and storing the difference waveform obtained by the difference in the difference waveform storage means;
Calculating statistical parameters relating to the differential waveform stored in the differential waveform storage means;
Measures the current waveform of the current flowing through each power supply line of multiple electrical devices to be identified for each period of the period based on the voltage waveform, and calculates the difference between the current waveforms for each period Retrieving the reference statistical parameter closest to the statistical parameter from a database storing reference statistical parameters corresponding to each of the plurality of electrical devices for which a statistical parameter relating to a waveform has been obtained;
Identifying at least one of a type or an operating state of an electrical device connected to the power line based on the reference statistical parameter;
A method for identifying an electrical device, comprising:   The integrated value of the differential waveform, the time average value obtained by dividing the integrated value of the differential waveform by the period time, the square integrated value of the differential waveform, the time average value obtained by dividing the square integrated value of the differential waveform by the periodic time, the difference 4. The electric device identification method according to claim 3, wherein for at least one parameter of the peak value of the waveform, at least one statistical value among an average value, a variance value, and a standard deviation value of the parameter is used as the statistical parameter.   A computer is operated as the electric device identification device according to claim 1 or 2, and an electric device identification program.

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